data logging and telemetry
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Data logging and telemetry: ���tools for performance optimization Francesco Meschia
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I fly gliders
• Since 2000 • Slope soaring since 2003 • FAI F3J since 2006 • Team manager for the F3J Italian team in 2007,
2008, 2011
• Team pilot for the F3J Italian team in 2009 • FAI F5J since 2011
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I fly F3J
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F3J launch
• Man-on-man competition (6-15 pilots) • No winches! • Two-men tow with monofilament line (500 ft) • Incredible amount of energy!
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F3J launch tenets
• You don’t launch high, you lose • You don’t launch fast, you lose • You don’t launch strong, you lose your friends – towmen, that is
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F3J Launch Optimization: why?
• “We’ve been watching the German guys closely, our planes don’t launch nearly as strong as theirs do – we need to understand why, quick!” (G.Gallizia, 2008, after the F3J Eurotour France contest)
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F3J Launch Optimization: what?
• Three simple things we can play with – launch camber – elevator preset
– towhook position
• Can’t be that hard, huh? – well, it turns out it is…
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F3J launch optimization: how?
• Need to set a goal • Need to measure the outcome • Need to analyze how the parameters
influence the outcome • Need to find a path to improve
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Measure to know
• Optimization goal is to extract maximum energy in the shortest time – time is easy to measure
– how to measure energy?
• Energy at the end of the launch comes in two forms: – gravitational potential energy (i.e. “how high”)
– kinetic energy (i.e. “how fast”)
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Tools of the trade: data recorder
From top le*, clockwise: www.eagletreesystems.com, www.sm-‐modellbau.de, www.rc-‐electronics.org
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Launch Log
Al<tude
Airspeed
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Data recorder: how to install?
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Data recorder: a better installation
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Data recorder: the pod
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Data reduction and analysis
• Just altitude and airspeed – ok for end state only
• Need something more if we want to understand what’s going on
• How does energy “flow” from towing system to plane? – towmen pull line, line pulls plane
– wait! the line!
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The importance of the towline
• Energy goes into line and from line into model • Line stretches with tension – it is essentially a spring – it is the main “mode” of energy transfer
• We need a way to measure line tension!
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Line tension transducer
• Suitable load cell manufactured by a French modeler (www.xerivision.com)
• Attaches to the towline, hooks onto the towhook – cable brings analog signal to data logger,
disconnects upon release
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More data to analyze
Al<tude
Airspeed
Trac<on
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A picture starts to form…
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…with more and more detail…
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…and even more detail…
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…discovering something new…
1st “hump”
2nd “hump” “ringing”
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…to answer old questions
Only one “hump”
almost no “ringing”
Towhook moved 5 mm a*
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Other optimization: the zoom
airspeed 50 m/s
al<tude gain 55 m… yield is 43% only!
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Optimizing zoom with snap flap
Al<tude gain now 90 m!
yield 70%
same airspeed, 50 m/s
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Wait! all this is not telemetry
• True, but… – data collection comes first
• Real-time telemetry is a useful addition – potentially, another game changer
– not allowed by FAI rules, except for safety
• Good for training – the pilot should not be looking at a display – audio or buddy relay is to be preferred
• Great for team training!
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UniLog and telemetry
• Available for Graupner, Multiplex, Jeti • Of course I fly Futaba • Needed to invent something myself – well, almost: the actual inventor is W. Korosec
• 2.4 GHz, Bluetooth protocol radio link from UniLog to UniDisplay
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DIY telemetry system
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Telemetry as a team project
• 3 complete units were built • Used in team training sessions • Data are received directly into PC • Real-time or deferred analysis possible – real time: finding best “float” – deferred: launch setup
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Finding minimum sink setup
too steep… trim
up… beOer
maybe too
slow…
trim down… perfect!
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Further possibilities
• Angular position sensors available – allow AoA and sideslip measurement
• Direct servo/receiver current draw measurement
• In electric sailplanes/models – current, voltage, input power – RPM, output power, efficiency – climb performance (m/(s*W)), (m/mAh)
• Live onboard video feed?
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Radio gear current draw
Current draw
Al<tude
Pull-‐up
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Electric motor logging
Voltage
Current
RPM
Efficiency
Al<tude
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Wrapping up
• Real-time, deferred analysis, all is good • Measuring and collecting data over time is key – a way to compare, understand, improve – sharing within a team is equally important
– real improvement is possible
• New radios are arriving with telemetry – integrated display of telemetry data – sound and speech synthesis (readout, vario,
alarms)
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Thank you / Q&A