data flow diagrams
DESCRIPTION
how to construct data flow diagramsTRANSCRIPT
Data Flow Diagrams
Symbols
Note that the letters along the arrows in the example diagrams represent the name of the information being transferred in each direction – you should use a description of what the information is, e.g. Patient name – these names should match across the different levels of your DFD. Likewise, each process should given a name, with the number only being used in the top half of the box. There is a sample DFD fragment overleaf.
Context Diagram
The context diagram just shows the system in the context of the external entities, and what information flows in and out of the system as a whole.
The system is then subsequently broken down into its component parts – which are themselves broken down, until each process represents a single step in your system.
Level 0 DFD
Level 1 DFDFor process 2
0
Processname
Data storeD1
External entity
0
Information System
Entity AEntity A Entity BEntity BX
Z
Y
Information flow
1
Process 1
2
Process 2
3
Process 3
Entity AEntity A Entity BEntity B
Data store ND1
X
YZ
N
N
V
W
2.1
Process2.1
2.2
Process2.2
2.3
Process2.3
Data store ND1
V
N
N
Y
W
G
H
J
Level 2 DFDFor process 2.2
Example DFD Fragment
Decomposition Diagram
Each process in your system should be linked together in the form of a tree diagram to show how they are related, as shown below.
2.2.1
Process2.2.1
2.2.2
Process2.2.2
2.2.3
Process2.2.3
Data store ND1
J
J1
J2
H1
H2
H
N N
K
L
2
Maintain appointments
AppointmentsD2PatientsD1
PatientPatientPatient name
Patient appointmentAppointment to change
Patient information
Possible appointmentsAppointment
AppointmentAvailable
Appointment
0The System
1Process 1
2Process 2
3Process 3
2.2Process
2.1Process
2.3Process
2.2.3Process
2.2.1Process
2.2.2Process
2.1.2Process
2.1.1Process
3.1Process
3.2Process
3.3Process
3.4Process
The number of processes, and the names and numbers inside the boxes, should match the processes described in the main part of the data flow diagram. Note that only the processes are shown – not the data stores or external entities.