Analyzing Data Using SPSS

(Reliability)

Obtaining Reliability of Scale

Obtaining Cronbach’s Alpha:

Analyze → Scale →Reliability Analysis

Reliability

Model → Alpha

Reliability

• Drag items on the left to the right dialog box– In this case: items p1 to p21

Reliability

• Press “statistics”

• Choose “scale if item deleted”

• Then Press “continue”

• Then “OK”

Reliability

• The SPSS Output

Case Processing Summary

672 100.0

0 .0

672 100.0

Valid

Excludeda

Total

CasesN %

Listwise deletion based on allvariables in the procedure.

a.

672 cases (observations/respondents) were used in the calculation of Cronbach’s alpha

Reliability Statistics

.915 21

Cronbach'sAlpha N of Items

The obtained alpha score is 0.915, which indicates that the scale has high internal consistency (reliability)

Item-Total Statistics

79.32 128.717 .526 .911

79.55 127.604 .541 .911

79.80 127.911 .489 .912

79.70 126.154 .561 .911

79.82 124.242 .653 .908

79.88 124.296 .621 .909

79.32 127.197 .592 .910

79.48 127.201 .588 .910

79.37 128.648 .509 .912

79.48 126.077 .615 .909

79.42 125.346 .610 .909

79.25 124.597 .647 .909

79.47 124.878 .589 .910

79.95 125.219 .491 .913

79.63 126.532 .593 .910

79.51 128.632 .491 .912

79.81 129.365 .422 .914

79.66 126.834 .564 .910

79.37 125.426 .629 .909

79.27 127.141 .617 .910

79.42 131.546 .345 .915

p1

p2

p3

p4

p5

p6

p7

p8

p9

p10

p11

p12

p13

p14

p15

p16

p17

p18

p19

p20

p21

Scale Mean ifItem Deleted

ScaleVariance if

Item Deleted

CorrectedItem-TotalCorrelation

Cronbach'sAlpha if Item

Deleted

Under the “Cronbach’s Alpha if Item deleted” the reliability of 0.915 is the highest, so it is not necessary to delete any of the items to improve the reliability score of this scale