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DARPA/AEO OverviewTom Masiello

Director, Adaptive Execution Office (AEO)

Briefing Prepared for 2017 NDIA Air Armament Symposium

1 November 2017


DARPA’s Origin & Mission

DARPA’s Mission:Prevent technology surprise from negatively affecting U.S. national security

and create technology surprise for U.S. adversaries by maintaining the technological superiority of the U.S. military.


Unique Structure to Pursue Capability• One office building in Arlington, VA with no laboratory infrastructure• Only 201 government employees with contracted support personnel• 98 Program Managers (PMs) on 4-year term appointments• ~250 active programs• 2000 contracts and other agreements• ~$3B annual budget

How DARPA Works

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIX3_QCmaUM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zg-FH1Gn2Ls

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHArWZ887ns

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fIX3_QCmaUM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zg-FH1Gn2Ls

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NHArWZ887ns


Timeline of Projects

2017Today

1958 1963 1968 1973 1978 1983 1988 1993 1998 2003 2008 2013

Centaur Engine (for Saturn V Moon rocket)

Phased Arrays: Electronically Steered Array Radar

Transit Satellite (precursor to GPS)

TIROS: World's First Weather Satellite

Corona Reconnaissance Satellite

Computer Mouse

Project AGILE & the M16 Rifle

ARPANET (precursor to the Internet)

HAVE BLUE and the Origin of Stealth Technology

Tank Breaker / Javelin Anti-Tank Weapon System

Amber UAV

Head-Mounted Displays

Quantum Key Distribution Network

Grand Challenge (Driverless Vehicles)

High-Altitude LIDAR Operations Experiement (HALOE)

EXACTO Guided Bullet

Robotics Challenge (DRC)

Cyber Grand Challenge (DEFCON Capture the Flag)

oN-Line System (NLS) & "The Mother of All Demos" (12/9/1968)Gallium Nitride IC research (WGBS)

Gallium Arsenide IC research (AOSP)

5

DARPA Technical Offices

BIOLOGICALTECHNOLOGY OFFICE

DEFENSE SCIENCE OFFICE

INFORMATIONINNOVATIONOFFICE

MICROSYSTEMSTECHNOLOGYOFFICE

TACTICAL TECHNOLOGYOFFICE

STRATEGICTECHNOLOGYOFFICE

• Restore and Maintain Warfighter Abilities

• Harness Biological Systems

• Apply Biological Complexity at Scale

• Physical Sciences

• Mathematics

• Transformative Materials

• Supervised Autonomy

•Novel Sensing and Detecting

• Complexity

• Cyber

• Data Analyticsat Massive Scale

• ISR Exploitation

• Electromagnetic Spectrum

• Decentralization

• Information Microsystems

• Globalization

• Ground, Maritime & Undersea, Air, and Space Systems

• Agile Development

• Cooperative Autonomy

• Unmanned Systems

• Power and Propulsion

• Battle Management, Command and Control

• Comms and Networks

• ISR

• Electronic Warfare

• Positioning, Navigation and Timing

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6

Adaptive Execution Office (AEO)

DIRO

Adaptive Execution OfficeAccelerating Game-Changing DARPA Technologies into DoD Capabilities

Service Engagement COCOM EngagementProgram Support


AEO

7

AEO Summary of Staff and Responsibilities


Who we are: Small government staff of eight. Five retired senior military officers, one government civilian, two active duty, & SETAs (scientists, engineers, & former military from all service branches)

AEO Support to the Technical Offices: Provide operational expertise for DARPA Liaison/matchmaker Track and document transition activity Sponsor for exercises, demonstrations, or extended field trials

1,000’ June 2015


• Protect against weapons of mass terror• Air and maritime combat capabilities to deter or defeat a sophisticated enemy• Empower squads and small units to control contested territory• Robust, real-time operations in space• Position, navigation, and timing for military operations in the absence of GPS• Full dynamic control of the spectrum for comms, sensing, and electronic warfare• Leading-edge electronics with built-in trust• Win at cyber• Solve intractable problems by harnessing data• Accelerate synthetic biology and genetic engineering with safeguards• Understand and use complexity

DARPA Thrust areas

Combating diminishing returns for monolithic systems


High Assurance Cyber Military Systems (HACMS)Hack-proofing military vehicles

Adopt a clean-slate, formal methods-based approach to enable semi-automated code synthesis from executable, formal specifications creating high-assurance cyber-physical systems• Generate open-source, high-assurance, and operating system

and control system components• Use these components to construct high-assurance military

vehicles

Cyber Fault-tolerant Attack Recovery (CFAR)Making legacy computer systems more secure through operation complexity

• Fault-tolerant architectures run multiple subsystems in parallel and constantly cross-check results to rapidly detect, isolate and mitigate faults, which manifest as differences across the subsystems

• Transforming software to create variants of binary executables

Cyber Resiliency


Cyber Grand Challenge (CGC)Automated cyber defense tournament

A competition to create automatic defensive systems capable of reasoning about flaws, formulating patches and deploying them on a network in real time• Expert-level software security analysis and remediation, at machine speeds

on enterprise scales• Establishment of a lasting R&D community for automated cyber defense

Cyber Resiliency

Supply-chain Hardware Integrity for Electronics Defense (SHIELD)Eliminate counterfeit integrated circuits

• Combine NSA-level encryption, sensors, near-field power and communications into a microscopic-scale chip capable of being inserted into the packaging of an integrated circuit

• The 100 micrometer x 100 micrometer "dielet" will act as a hardware root of trust, detecting any attempt to access or reverse engineer the dielet


Adaptive Radar Countermeasures (ARC)Automatically learn to counter new radar threats

Enable U.S. airborne EW systems to automatically generate effective countermeasures against new, unknown and adaptive radars in real-time in the field• Isolate unknown radar signals in the presence of other hostile, friendly and neutral signals.• Deduce the threat posed by that radar.• Synthesize and transmit countermeasure signals to achieve a desired effect on the threat radar.• Assess the effectiveness of countermeasures based on over-the-air observable threat behaviors.

Behavioral Learning for Adaptive Electronic Warfare (BLADE)Electronic attack system that learns to jam new communications threats in real-time

• Adaptive, in-the-field systems approach• Novel-machine learning algorithms and techniques that can rapidly detect and characterize new radio

threats• Dynamically synthesize new countermeasures• Provide accurate battle damage assessment based on over-the-air observable changes in the threat

Electronic Warfare


Arrays at Commercial Timescales (ACT)Low-cost reconfigurable phased-arrays

Develop a digitally-interconnected building block from which larger systems can be formed• Shorten design cycles and in-field updates• A digitally-influenced common module comprising 80 to 90 percent of an

array’s core functionality for insertion into a wide range of applications• Reconfigurable and tunable RF apertures for spanning S-band to X-band

frequencies (and points between) for a wide variety of characteristics

Electronic Warfare


Seeker Cost Transformation (SECTR)Low-cost precision guided weapon for GPS-denied environments

Develop novel weapon terminal sensing and guidance technologies and systems for air-launched, air-delivered weapons• Enable weapons to acquire fixed and moving targets with only minimal external support• Achieve high navigation accuracy in a GPS-denied environment• Low size, weight, and cost

GremlinsAir-launched, air-retrievable volley of UASs

Launch groups of UASs from existing large aircraft such as bombers or transport aircraft—as well as from fighters and other small, fixed-wing platforms—while those planes are out of range of adversary defenses• Air-retrievable• Low cost, 20 uses• Modular payloads

Air Armaments


OFFensive Swarm-Enabled Tactics (OFFSET)Swarm tactics for complex urban environments

Envisions future small-unit infantry forces using small unmanned aircraft systems (UASs) and/or small unmanned ground systems (UGSs) in swarms of 250 robots or more to accomplish diverse missions in complex urban environments• Swarm autonomy and human-swarm teaming• Open, extensible architecture for physical and virtual environments• Community interaction, immersive interfaces

Swarms

Aerial Dragnet City-scale swarm surveillance

Provide persistent, wide-area surveillance of all UAS operating below 1,000 feet in a large city• Network of surveillance nodes, each providing coverage of a

neighborhood-sized urban area• Maintain UAS tracks even when the craft disappear from sight

around corners or behind objects


Fast Lightweight Autonomy (FLA)High-speed autonomous navigation in cluttered

environments• Fly at speeds up to 20 m/s with no communication to the

operator and without GPS waypoints• Higher-clutter, fly-through missions• “autonomy” includes sensing, perception, planning, and control

Collaborative Operations in Denied Environment (CODE) Cooperative autonomy algorithms

• Navigate, find, track, ID, & engage targets under established rules of engagement

• Recruit other CODE-equipped UASs from nearby friendly forces to augment their own capabilities

• Adapt to dynamic situations such as attrition of friendly forces or the emergence of unanticipated threats

Autonomy


Aircrew Labor In-Cockpit Automation System (ALIAS)Drop-in system to automate aircraft operation

Removable kit that would promote the addition of high levels of automation into existing aircraft, enabling operation with reduced onboard crew• Support execution of an entire mission from takeoff to landing

even in the face of contingency events• A platform for integrating additional automation or autonomy

capabilities

Autonomy


Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept (HAWC)Effective and affordable hypersonic cruise missile

• Advanced air vehicle configurations capable of efficient hypersonic flight• Hydrocarbon scramjet-powered propulsion to enable sustained hypersonic

cruise• Approaches to managing the thermal stresses of high-temperature cruise• Affordable system designs and manufacturing approaches

Tactical Boost Glide (TBG)Air-launched, tactical-range hypersonic boost glide systems

• Vehicle Feasibility—Vehicle concepts possessing the required aerodynamic and aerothermal performance, controllability and robustness for a wide operational envelope

• Effectiveness—System attributes & subsystems required to be effective in relevant operational environments

• Affordability—Approaches to reducing cost and increasing value for both the demonstration system and future operational systems

Hypersonics


Collaborative Operations in Denied Environment (CODE) Phase 2 Concept Video• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2cWa7hCAwkk

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2cWa7hCAwkk


AEO Contacts

Lee RudacilleCOL USA Ret.

ArmyCENTCOM, SOCOM

[email protected]

571-218-4899

Tom BrowningCol. USAF Ret.

Air ForceNORTHCOM

[email protected]

703-526-2241

CDR James ReeveNaval Flight Officer

SCFP/TDWGSTRATCOM

[email protected]

571-218-4448

CWO4 Neil HermansenNavy SEALNavy SOF

SOCOM, [email protected]

703-526-2002

Thomas MasielloMaj. Gen. USAF Ret.

Office [email protected]

571-218-4582

Scott ReedCol. USAF Ret.

Deputy Office DirectorEUCOM/AFRICOM

[email protected]

John MurphyCAPT USN Ret.

NavyPACOM, SOUTHCOM

[email protected]

571-218-4465

David BusigoDirector

Business & [email protected]

703-696-2219

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