daniela hanea & simone sillem, safety science group, delft university of technology modelling...
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Daniela Hanea & Simone Sillem, Safety Science group, Delft University of Technology
Modelling self-reliance, evacuation and fire fighting activities during a
large fire in a public building – a dynamic approach
Safety Science GroupDelft University of Technology
Daniela Hanea MSc.: [email protected]
Simone Sillem MSc.: [email protected]
Ellen Jagtman PhD
Erik Wiersma MSc.
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
Outline:
• Background• Introduction• General framework• Current knowledge about fire and
evacuation processes and organisation• Model• Conclusions
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
Background
• PhD researchers, Safety Science Group, Delft University of Technology
• Professor Ben Ale, Disaster Management
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
Introduction
• Large fire in public building- Fire development- Fire fighting activities- Evacuation activities
• Relationship between these activities unclear
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
General framework• Operation of a system: optimising processes • Accidents: deviations from the intended operations• Model: all phases from the moment of loss of controlThe main organisation levels can be defined as:
Fire process – Evacuation - Fire fighting organisation
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
Fire Process
Heat
FuelOxygen
(air)
Fire
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
Evacuation and self-reliance
• Fire in a building -> evacuation needed
• Self-reliance & emergency self-reliance
• Phases of evacuation: - Detection - Recognition - Interpretation - Start evacuation
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
Fire fighting organisation
dispatch time
preparationtime
travel timeset-up time
fire fighting time
time before intervention
rescue people
time
intervention time
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
ModelStart of the fire End of the fire
Detect.by a person
Detect.&Alarm. via system
Recogn.Response
(evac starts) End of evac.
Fighting the fire (end)
Notif.via 112
Detect.&Notif.via system
Start of intervention Control the fire
(end)
Start of intervention
Legend:Fixed events (commune to all cases)
Case 1: Notification via 112
Case 2: Notification via system
Case 3: Start of intervention before the end of the evacuation
Case 4: Start of intervention after the end of the evacuation
People rescued
by fire fighters
fire(process)
evacuation(people)
fire brigade(organization)
(Organized) Alarm.
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D.M. Hanea & S. Sillem, Safety Science, Delft University of Technology
Conclusions:
• Fire = complex situation.
• The dynamic model combines accident process models with system models.
• The model is used in two disaster management related studies.
• Applicability of the model in other research projects (cell broadcasting for citizens alarming), other types of disasters and for other stakeholders.