dam safety
TRANSCRIPT
DAM SAFTEY DESIGNBy- PREETI BALA RASHMI
PREETI BALA
RASHMI
CONTENTS Introduction
About dam
Structure of dam
Types of dam
Dam failures
Causes of dam failures
Dam safety program implementation
Dam safety program development
Roles and responsibilities
Dam safety guidelines
• Dam safety systems are systems monitoring the
state of dams used for hydropower or other
purposes.
• This includes the use of differential GPS and SAR
remote sensing to monitor the risks imposed
by landslides.
• For large dams seismographs are used.
Introduction
Dam is a solid barrier constructed at a
suitable location across a river valley to store
flowing water.
Uses of stored water:-
• Hydropower
• Irrigation
• Water for domestic consumption
• Drought and flood control
Dams:-
Structure of Dam:
• These dams are heavy
and massive wall-like
structures of concrete in
which the whole weight acts
vertically downwards.
TYPES OF DAMS:-
Gravity Dams:
Bhakra Dam is the highest Concrete Gravity dam in Asia
and Second Highest in the world.
Bhakra Dam is across river Sutlej in Himachal Pradesh.
The construction of this project was started in the year 1948
and was completed in 1963 .
Buttress Dam:
• Buttress Dam – Is a
gravity dam
reinforced by
structural supports.
• Buttress - a support
that transmits a force
from a roof or wall to
another supporting
structure.
Arch Dams:
• These type of dams are concrete or masonry dams which are
curved or convex upstream in plan.
• This shape helps to transmit the major part of the water load to the
abutments.
Earth Dams:
• They are trapezoidal in shape.
• Earth dams are constructed where the foundation or theunderlying material or rocks are weak to support the masonrydam.
• Earthen dams are relatively smaller in height and broad at thebase.
• They are mainly built with clay, sand and gravel, hence they arealso known as Earth fill dam or Rock fill dam.
Dam failure:-
It is a uncontrolled release of impounded
water resulting in downstream flooding
which can affect life and property.
Main causes of Dam Failure
Concrete Dam Failure:-
Lack of shear strength and discontinuity in foundation.
Excessive or differential deformation of the foundation.
Piping and erosion in the foundation caused by high permeability.
Embankment Dam Failure:-
Liquefaction
Large settlement in the foundation
Dam Safety Program Implementation
Guidelines provide templates and flow sheets for dam safety programs.
All management actions must be derived in proper way.
Assign responsibility & authority for management actions.
Dam Safety Program Development
A good Dam Safety Program requires collaboration of a number of groups.
Operators, designers and regulators must all provide input to the dam safety program .
Program must consider the “tailings management system” – not just the dam
Roles and Responsibilities
Roles and responsibilities must be clearly defined
Everyone must understand that the owner/operator is ultimately responsible for the safe operation of the facility
The Mine Manager must accept this responsibility and mandate that the dam safety program will be followed without exception.
Dam Safety Guidelines
Intended to offer a comprehensive review:
Dam -design -operation -construction
–maintenance -surveillance
Recommendations rather than binding regulations
Guidelines are not standards
Details dealt with as necessary
