daily taks connection: periodic table ipc(7): the student knows relationships exist between...
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Daily TAKS Connection:Periodic Table
IPC(7): The student knows relationships exist between properties of matter and its components. The student is expected to:
(D) relate the chemical behavior of an element. including bonding, to its placement on the periodic table.
Day 1
Construct a folded book foldable and title “Periodic Table”
Materials: Foldable handout (2
pages) Scissors Pen Colored
pencils/crayons Periodic Table
(needed daily for note-taking activities)
Instructions: Hamburger fold the
foldable handouts Cut 2 cm slits from the
edges of the fold of the handout that has page 2 (as marked)
Cut along the fold line of the other sheet of paper beginning and ending about 2 cm from each end (as marked).
Burrito fold and insert paper from step 2 into the hole and open, forming a book.
Day 2 notes
Record the following on page 1 of your foldable: number of protons is the same as the atomic number;
used to ID an element
Student Task: ID this element
Question
An element has 24 protons. What element is it?
A. Magnesium
B. Molybdenum
C. Chromium
D. Iron
Question
A certain atom has a nucleus containing nine protons and ten neutrons and has nine electrons orbiting the nucleus. This atom is a form of the element —
a. potassium
b. fluorine
c. neon
d. calcium
Question
Alpha particles are one type of radioactivity. These particles have a nucleus of two protons and two neutrons but have no orbital electrons. Based on this information, it can be inferred that alpha particles are positive ions of the element —
a. actinium
b. curium
c. radium
d. helium
Day 3 notes
Record the following notes on page 2 of your foldable
“groups” or “families” are the columns on the Periodic Table
elements in the same group have similar physical and chemical properties
Question
Which of the following groups contains members with similar chemical reactivity?
a. Li, Na, K
b. Be, Mg, Na
c. K, Ca, Sc
d. P, S, Cl
Question
The bonding characteristics of nitrogen are most similar to the bonding characteristics of —
a. hydrogen
b. silicon
c. helium
d. phosphorus
Day 4 notes
Record the following notes on page 3 of your foldable
Group 18 are called “noble gases” 8 valence electrons (stable octet) noble gases are resistant to forming
compounds
Student Task: Color and label the noble gases on the drawing on page 3 of your foldable.
Question
The elements of which of these groups on the periodic table are least likely to form compounds?
a. Group 1
b. Group 9
c. Group 14
d. Group 18
Question
Elements found in which shaded area of this periodic table undergo the fewest chemical reactions?
a. Q
b. R
c. S
d. T
Day 5 notes
Metals Nonmetals
Left of bold line (staircase) Right of bold line (staircase)
Lose electrons when bonding Gain electrons when bonding
Form ca+ions Form anions
Positive ions (positive oxidation numbers)
Negative ions (negative oxidation numbers)
Record the following notes on page 4 of your foldable
Ionic Bonds:• when metals form bonds with nonmetals •Halogens, group 17 elements, form ionic compounds (salts) called halides
Day 6 notes
Student Task On the top drawing on page 5 of your foldable,
shade the metals one color and the nonmetals a different color.
On bottom drawing on page 5 of your foldable, shade the halogen group.
Question
Elements in Group 2 of the periodic table usually —
a. form large molecules
b. lose electrons when bonding
c. act like nonmetals
d. liquefy at room temperature
Question
Sodium fluoride is a type of halide used in toothpaste to help strengthen teeth. Elements from which group in the periodic table are necessary to form halide compounds?
a. Group 4
b. Group 5
c. Group 10
d. Group 17
Question
The elements from which of the following groups are most likely to react with potassium (Na)?
a. Group 2
b. Group 7
c. Group 13
d. Group 17
Day 7 notes
Record the following notes on page 6 of your foldable
How to determine oxidation numbers1. Find the group number (roman numeral) for the element
(located at the top of the group).2. Determine if the element is a metal or a nonmetal.
1. If it is a metal, the roman numeral value from the group number is the positive value of the oxidation number. Example: Hydrogen is in group IA; therefore the oxidation number
is +1 and the cation is written H1+.
OR
2. If it is a nonmetal, subtract the roman numeral value from eight. Assign a negative sign to the oxidation number. Example: F is in group VIIA; 8 – 7 = 1; therefore the oxidation
number is -1 and the anion is written F1-.
Question
What is the oxidation number of Mg?
A. 1+
B. 1-
C. 2+
D. 2-
Question
According to the periodic table, which of these elements will form an ion with a –3 charge?
a. N
b. La
c. Li
d. Rb
Question
Which shaded area of the periodic table shown shows the location of elements that require the least energy to lose two electrons?
A. Q
B. R
C. S
D. T
Day 8 notes –
Ca2+ Cl1- Ca1 Cl2
CaCl2
Record the following notes on the top of page 7 of your foldable
Criss-Cross Method for writing ionic compound formulas
• Rule: Value of oxidation # of cation becomes the subscript of the anion• Rule: Value of oxidation # of anion becomes the subscript of the cation
Question
According to this information, what is the chemical formula for sodium oxide?
A. NaO
B. NaO2
C. Na2O
D. Na2O2
Na1+ O2-
Question
According to this information, what is the chemical formula for magnesium fluoride?
A. MgF
B. MgF2
C. Mg2F
D. Mg2F2
Mg2+ F1-
Question
According to this information, what is the chemical formula for potassium sulfate?
A. K2SO4
B. K4(SO4)2
C. K2(SO4)2
D. KSO4
K1+ SO42-
Question
The ionic compounds that result from combining Group 1 and Group 17 elements have a 1:1 ratio because
a. Group 1 elements are electrically neutral
b. Group 1 elements have one valence electron
c. Group 1 elements contain neutrons in the nucleus
d. Group 1 contains more elements than other groups
Day 9 notes
Record the following notes on the bottom of page 7 of your foldable Covalent Bonds
Non-metals form bonds with non-metals Elements share electrons Examples: CO2, CH4
Carbon, Oxygen, and Hydrogen are all nonmetals
Question
Nitrogen forms covalent bonds with which of the following elements?
A. Sodium
B. Iron
C. Carbon
D. Neon
Question
The model above shows how an unidentified element, X, forms covalent bonds with oxygen. In which group on the periodic table does Element X most likely belong?
A. Group 2B. Group 7C. Group 15D. Group 18