dai vaughan interview with richard macdonald and martin stollery full transcript ms

7/23/2019 Dai Vaughan Interview with Richard MacDonald and Martin Stollery Full Transcript MS

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G}cc \tjep`tav| ng Ae|mtwam{ {a|b

Lja Wj}kbje

Ta`bjtl Ij`Lnejcl jel Ijt|ae P|nccmtq

[jp |bmtm j lmàpawm mrvmtame`m# j gaci wam{aek nt tmjlaek |bj| ijlm qn} tmjcapm |bj|

|bap ap bn{ A {je| |n ijom iq `jtmmt>

LW8 Acc kawm qn} |bm {jq A kn| ae|n a|# a| ap j da| tjidcaek jel lagg}pm# d}| ae j {jq

|bj| ap |bm vnae|# h}p| bn{ tjelni |bmpm |baekp jtm ae nemp cagm% A bjl en vjt|a`}cjt

ae|mtmp| ae gaci {bme A {jp j| p`bnnc% L}taek |bm {jt {m }pml |n kn |n àemijp mwmtq

n|bmt mwmeaek dm`j}pm |bmtm {jp en|baek mcpm |n ln# d}| A emwmt |bn}kb| ng gaci jp je

jt| gnti nt jeq|baek% \bm pnt| ng gacip iq |mj`bmtp j| p`bnnc {mtm ae|mtmp|ml ae# |bj||bmq |bn}kb| {nelmtg}c# {mtm P`n|| ng |bm Je|jt`|a`#Bmetq |bm Gag|b% Ai en| pjqaek

|bnpm jtme| knnl gacip d}| qn} `je pmm {bj| `ta|mtaj jtm dmaek }pml |bmtm% Pn A {jp

emwmt wmtq ae|mtmp|ml# lale| kn wmtq i}`b |n |bm àemij% Jel |bme A tmjl ae |bm vjvmt|bj| |bm \mcmoaemij gtni |bm Gmp|awjc ng Dta|jae# {ba`b A bjl emwmt j`|}jccq wapa|ml jp

vjt| ng |bm Gmp|awjc# {jp knaek |n dm tm|jaeml# cjtkmcq l}m |n j vm|a|ane ntkjeapml dqLmeap Gntije {bn {jp |bme bmjl ng |bm DGA jel {bn ap tmjccq nem ng |bm }ep}ek

bmtnmp ng Dta|apb gaci `}c|}tm# |bj| {jp knaek |n nvme }v jp j ej|anejc gaci |bmj|tm |bj|{n}cl pbn{ bap|nta`jc gacip jel |baekp {ba`b ae |bnpm ljqp# |bm almj |bj| |bm gaci

`ne|ae}ml |n mrap| jg|mt a| bjl knem ne |bm àt`}a| bjtlcq `tnppml jeqnemp iael% Pn A

tmjl |bj| jel A {jp gjpàej|ml dm`j}pm a| pjal |bmq {n}cl dm pbn{aek ncl pacme| inwamp

{a|b vmnvcm caom D}p|mt Omj|ne# jel iq vjtme|p bjl |jcoml jdn}| |bmpm ejimp jel A|bn}kb| a| {n}cl dm ae|mtmp|aek |n pmm {bj| iq I}i jel Ljl bjl dmme |jcoaek jdn}|%

Pn A hnaeml |bm Ej|anejc Gaci \bmj|tm jel {me| |n |bmat nvmeaek pbn{ {ba`b `nepap|ml

ng mr|tj`|p gtni cn|p ng {bj| en{jljqp {m {n}cl `jcc p|jeljtl `cjppa` tmvmt|natm#

@jcakjta jel mwmtq|baek }v |n Entije I`Cjtme% Ae |bm `n}tpm ng |bj| |bmq pbn{ml je

mr|tj`| gtniDj||cmpbav Vn|mioae# a| {jp vtndjdcq |bm Nlmppj P|mvp# A `je| tmimidmt%

A |bn}kb|# |bap ap jijxaek# Awm emwmt pmme jeq|baek caom |bap dmgntm% Jel |bm gj`| |bj|

a| {jp pacme| kjwm a| je mr|tj nnivb% A {jp }pml |n |bm {jq |baekp jtm tj|bmt mwmemln}| dq |bm }pm ng djòktn}el i}pa` ae `newme|anejc gacip% Pn A |bn}kb| A i}p| gael

n}| intm jdn}| |bap k}q Mapmep|mae jel A dn}kb| j `nvq ngGaci Gnti jel |bj| A {jp

dn{cml nwmt dq# dm`j}pm p}llmecq A gn}el bmtm {jp pnimdnlq lap`}ppaek |bm {jqgacip {me| |nkm|bmt aijkm dq aijkm# pbn| dq pbn| ) A {tn|m vnm|tq jp j oal# jcc

|mmejkmtp {ta|m vnm|tq# pn A {jp ae|mtmp|ml bm pmmiml |n dm |jcoaek jdn}| gaci ne |bm

pjim cmwmc |bj| pnimnem caom [accaji Mivpne {n}cl |jco jdn}| vnm|tq% A bjl tmjl

Pmwme \qvmp ng Jidak}a|q# {ba`b {jp jen|bmt nem ng |bnpm vn{ mrvmtame`mp ae iq

cj|m |mmep jel A |bn}kb| qn} `je ln |bj| jdn}| gaci% En| necq |bj| d}| |bme bm p|jt|ml

|jcoaek jdn}| ine|jkm {ntoaek caom @baempm almnktjip# {ba`b ap mrj`|cq {bj| Mxtj

Vn}el bjl dmme |jcoaek jdn}| ae tmcj|ane |n vnm|tq% Pn A kn| ae|n |bm {bncm ae|mtmp| ae

gaci waj bjwaek |taml |n {ta|m vnmip {bme A {jp qn}ek%

Pn |bm `neem`|ane {a|b vnm|tq jtm |bm cmjvp gtni nem aijkm |n |bm emr|>


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Qmp% A p}vvnpm iq inlmc# |bn}kb A emwmt jt|a`}cj|ml a|# gnt {bj| j gaci ap caom {n}clbjwm dmme ltjij gnt ndwan}p tmjpnep% D}| |bm gj`| |bj| qn} `n}cl pmm a| ae z}a|m j

laggmtme| {jq# |bj| qn} `n}cl pmm pbn|p nt aijkmp jp j `nivcmr im|jvbnt {jp jtmwmcj|ane% A p|acc gael |bm almj mr`a|aek# |bj| bjpe| knem% A {jp wmtq }ebjvvq ae iq

hnd% A {jp j h}eant ltj}kb|pije# ag qn} {je| |n oen{ {bj| |bj| {jp caom tmjl |bm gatp|

`bjv|mt ngEne)Tm|}te% A oem{ a| {jpe| gnt im d}| A lale| oen{ {bj| |bmjc|mtej|awmp {mtm% \bme nem ljq A {jp {j|`baek j gaci jel A pj{ |bm `tmla|p knaek

|btn}kb jel A |bn}kb|# vmnvcm km| vjal gnt lnaek |bap# a| ap j hnd# A `n}cl ln |bap% Jel

|bme A p|jt|ml cnnoaek jtn}el gnt {jqp |n km| ae jel {jp |ncl |bmtm {mtm en {jqp |n

km| ae d}| nem gaelp nemp {jq tn}el |bj|% Pn nem ng |bm |baekp A lal jg|mt A gaeapbml

|bm wjtan}p `n}tpmp A bjl |n ln jp je mekaemmtaek p|}lme|# bjwaek lnem jcc |bj|# A

mrvmtame`ml {bj| pn ijeq p|}lme|p mrvmtame`ml {bn bjwm lnem mwmeaek `cjppmp#

{ba`b {jp j pmepm ng {bj| ln A ln en{> Pn A |nno |bap `n}tpm ae p`}cv|}tm j| |bm Hnbe

@jpp @nccmkm jel A jcpn metnccml gnt pnim cm`|}tmp |bj| Hnbe B}e|cmq {jp kawaek ne

gaci jvvtm`aj|ane {ba`b {jp j bap|ntq ng gaci d}| {a|b j intm lm|jacml lap`}ppane# |bj|{jp ma|bmt |bm qmjt =

Qmp% [m {mtm pa||aek |bmtm ae n}t nwmt`nj|p jel kcnwmp dm`j}pm a| {jp `ncl% Jg|mt

jdn}| j {mmo ng |bj| Kacintm pjal |bap ap j da| paccq# {m tmjccq ln emml |n km| |bmmz}avime| n}|# Acc bjwm |n gael j vcj`m# Acc cm| qn} oen{% Pn jkjae |bmtm {jp |bap cnek

vj}pm% A| i}p| bjwm dmme |bm dmkaeeaek ng |bm emr| qmjt |bj| bm gn}el j d}aclaek ae jvcj`m `jccml Dmmbawm Vcj`m ae Dtar|ne# {ba`b jkjae {jp j pnt| ng lmtmca`| d}aclaek d}|


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{m bjl |baekp caom j dak Tnpp 0=ii vtnhm`|nt jel |bmtm {jp j Lmdtam 0=ii `jimtj%]egnt|}ej|mcq |bmtm {jpe| i}`b ae |bm {jq ng :7ii mz}avime|% \bmtm {jp en pn}el

mz}avime|# {m {mtm vtm||q caia|ml% Nem ng |bm p|}lme|p bjl j {ael)}v Dmcc Bn{mcc#:66 gnn| cnjlaek# en pn}el# |bmtm {jp emwmt jeq pn}el mz}avime| jcc |bm |aim A {jp

|bmtm% Pn a| {jp wmtq# wmtq caia|ml {bj| qn} `n}cl ln% Kacintmp cm`|}tmp |}teml n}| |n

dm ae en| jcc tmpvm`|p j``}tj|m pn qn} {n}cl bjwm |n lap`}pp a| {a|b mj`b n|bmt% N}tcmjteaek `nepap|ml cjtkmcq ng |jcoaek |n mj`b n|bmt jel vjppaek ne aegntij|ane% Jel bm

bjl |baekp caom gmj|}tm p`tav|p {ba`b bm `n}cl pbn{ }p jel bm bjl pnim gtamelp ae |bm

ael}p|tq {bn {n}cl `nim ae jel cm`|}tm%

[bn ln qn} tm`jcc `niaek ae>

Dnd L}edjt {bn {jp j`|}jccq |aml }v {a|b |bm p`bnnc ae pnim {jq `jim ae jel lal

z}a|m j da|% Vm|mt Bjccji# bjwm A kn| |bm ejim takb|> Je mla|nt {bn A |baeo necq tm|atml

j gm{ qmjtp jkn%

Qn} i}p| bjwm dmme wmtq `niia||ml |n |bap vj|b |n p|a`o {a|b a|%

[mcc qmp jel en% \bm |baek ap bjwaek kn| ae|n |bj| Al bjelml ae iq en|a`m j| |bmmekaemmtaek gati% \bmtm {jpe| jen|bmt gaci `n}tpm pn |bm nv|anep {mtm gm{ jel A

|bn}kb| j| cmjp| cm|p pmm |bap |btn}kb%

Bn{ {mtm qn} p}vvnt|aek qn}tpmcg j| |bm |aim>

[mcc Al pjwml }v inemq dm`j}pm Al dmme {ntoaek% A cmg| p`bnnc j| par|mme jel Al

dmme {ntoaek gnt {bj|mwmt a| {jp# gawm qmjtp# par qmjtp jp j h}eant ltj}kb|pije jel

cawaek j| bnim pn A bjl pnim inemq v}| dq% Iael qn} dq |bm |aim |bm p`bnnc `n}tpm

bjl knem A melml }v {a|b iq vjtme|p ommvaek im gnt j gm{ ine|bp dmgntm A ijejkml

|n km| j hnd%

[bme qn} {mtm ne |bm `n}tpm lal qn} bjwm j vjt|a`}cjt jpvatj|ane |n {nto aeln`}ime|jtq> Ag je nvmeaek bjl `nim }v ae gmj|}tmp {n}cl qn} bjwm knem gnt |bj|>

A lne| oen{% A emwmt lal bjwm je nvvnt|}ea|q |n {nto ae gmj|}tmp jel {bm|bmt A {n}cl

bjwm lnem A iakb| bjwm lnem% D}| A jc{jqp oem{ |bj| a| {jp ln`}ime|jtq |bj| A {jp

ae|mtmp|ml ae% A jpp}iml {bme A gatp| p|jt|ml |bm gaci p`bnnc |bj| A {je|ml |n dm j

latm`|nt dm`j}pm vmnvcm |bn}kb| |bmq {mtm |bm necq vmnvcm {bn ijlm gacip ae |bnpm

ljqp% D}| |bme A tmjcapml l}taek |bm `n}tpm ng dmaek j| |bm gaci p`bnnc |bj| {bj| Atmjccq mehnqml }ep}tvtapaekcq tmjccq ae wam{ ng {bj| Awm pjal jdn}| vnm|tq {jp

v}||aek pbn|p |nkm|bmt%

\bap `n}cl dm iq tm|tnpvm`|awm aivtmppane d}| dm|{mme |bm cj|m |{me|amp jel |bm gag|amp

|bmtm {jp j`|}jccq intm j`oen{cmlkmime| ng n|bmt tncmp ae gaciijoaek% A| vtndjdcq

{n}cl bjwm dmme {mcc n}| ng lj|m dq |bm |aim qn} p|jt|ml p|}lqaek d}| |bm Jltaje

Dt}emc dnnop ne gaci `tjg| jel gaci vtnl}`|ane% \bmq bjl jvvmela`mp {ta||me dqvmnvcm ae laggmtme| lmvjt|ime|p# mla|ntp

\bmq {mtm intm bn{)|n dnnop {mtme| |bmq>


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Ne`m |bm gaci ap `nivcm|ml |bmq {n}cl pmel |bm gaci |n }p {a|b |bm `ne|ae}a|q pbmm| pn{m `n}cl alme|agq `bjtj`|mtp jel iq hnd {jp |n pa| |bmtm {a|b je mla|ncj jel j

|qvm{ta|mt jel |qvm n}| j`|ane ne |bj| palm# pn}el ne |bm n|bmt# i}pa` ae# i}pa` n}|% A|{n}cl dm {tnek |n pjq A {jp `nepàn}pcq p|}lqaek bn{ gacip jtm v}| |nkm|bmt dm`j}pm

A {jp |nn d}pq lnaek |bm hnd d}| A |baeo pnim|baek {jp gac|mtaek ae|n im jdn}| {bj|

ijlm j knnl pmz}me`m% A |baeo A {jp cmjteaek j cn| ae j p}dcaiaejc {jq gtni |bj|%

Qn} ime|aneml |bj| qn} oem{ Caelpjq Jelmtpne jel Ojtmc Tmapx# bn{ lal qn} ijom

`neem`|ane {a|b |bmi>

Ai en| p}tm jdn}| Ojtmc Tmapx# A |baeo Ljwal _EjlmeY bjl pnim `neem`|ane {a|b bai%

Caelpjq# {m }pml |n kn |n pbn{aekp ng Gtmm @aemij jel |baekp dm`j}pm |bj| {jp j

vjt| ng {bj| {m {mtm jdn}|% Ai |jcoaek en{ jdn}| {bme {m {mtm j| |bm gaci p`bnnc% A

emwmt gaeapbml |mccaek qn} jdn}| Dmmbawm Vcj`m {ba`b {jp j {tmò jel j`|}jccq ae

Gmdt}jtq ng :1=; |bm gcnnt dnjtlp {mtm tn||me jel {m {mtm cjqaek `ne`tm|m% Jtencl[mpomt jel A {mtm iaraek `ne`tm|m ae |bm p|tmm| jel {m }pml je ncl dmlgtjim |n

tmaegnt`m a|% Pn |bj| {jp n}t gaci ml}`j|ane jel |bme {m lap`nwmtml |bmtm {jp j dak`tjò ln{e |bm djò {jcc pn {m |bn}kb| jcc takb| inwm jkjae% [m bjl jen|bmt vmtanl

|{allcaek n}t |b}idp dmgntm {m inwml |n Mcm`|ta` Jwme}m {bmtm |bm gaci p`bnncp|jqml gnt z}a|m j cnek |aim jel A {jp kawme |bm hnd ng ntkjeapaek |bm gaci pbn{aekp

dm`j}pm A bjl dmme lnaek pnim ng |bj| {a|b |bm gaci pnàm|q jel A oem{ |bm

`neem`|anep% Al jcpn p}ppml n}| dq |bj| |aim {bmtm qn} `n}cl km| p|}gg gnt gtmm% A {jp

vjt|a`}cjtcq omme ne @jtc Ltmqmt jel Al lap`nwmtml |bj| qn} `n}cl km| bap

ln`}ime|jtamp jel pbnt|p gtni |bm Ljeapb Midjppq% A {jp jc{jqp knaek tn}el |bmtm

jel dtaekaek djò jen|bmt @jtc Ltmqmt pbnt| gaci |n tmwam{ ne |bm Tnpp vtnhm`|nt%

Qn} ime|ane |bm gntij|awm aegc}me`m ng Mapmep|mae jel en{ Ltmqmt% Jp gjt jp Ai

j{jtm qn} bjwme| {ta||me j ijhnt vam`m ne Mapmep|mae nt Ltmqmt%

\bmtm ap je jt|a`cm ne Ltmqmt ae Pakb| jel Pn}el{ba`b A {n}cl j`|}jccq vtmgmt vmnvcm

en| |n tmjl% A tm{tn|m a| z}a|m tm`me|cq dm`j}pm j `n}vcm ng qmjtp jkn A |taml |njppmidcm j `nccm`|ane ng mppjqp ne wjtan}p |nva`p# gaci# ca|mtj|}tm% A| {jp tmjccq j ene)

p|jt|mt dm`j}pm ma|bmt qn} bjwm kn| |n bjwm je j`jlmia` djòktn}el nt qn}wm kn| |ndm pnimnem caom Xjlam Pia|b {bn bjp tmjccq ba| |bm v}dca` mqm% A |bn}kb| Al kawm a| j

|tq jel ae |bm `n}tpm ng |bj| A tm{tn|m |bm @jtc Ltmqmt mppjq jel ltnvvml n}| jcc |bm

midjttjppaekcq djl da|p jel omv| |bm omtemc ng {bj| A |bn}kb| p|acc p|nnl jp dmaek

{nt|b bjwaek ae%

Bjwm qn} {ta||me ne Mapmep|mae>

En% Ae |bm `ne|mr| ng n|bmt |baekp Awm ime|aneml bai d}| en| jp j pvmàga` |baek jdn}|

bai%

Qn} tmgmt |n |bm Nlmppj P|mvp pmz}me`m |n{jtlp |bm mel ng\n|mp Immt%

Ln A> Al gntkn||me |bj|% Vjt|cq a|p dm`j}pm pn ijeq n|bmt vmnvcm ae`c}laek Mapmep|mae

bjwm jctmjlq lnem a|% Jel jcpn pnim|aimp A bjwm j pnt| ng aebada|ane jdn}| {ta|aekjdn}| |baekp |bj| tmjccq ij||mt% Iq gjwn}ta|m enwmc ap \bm [jwmp jel A `n}cl vtndjdcq

{ta|m j wmtq knnl jt|a`cm ne |bj| d}| A {n}cle| ltmji ng a|% A| ap |nn vmtpnejc% Altj|bmt n|bmt vmnvcm gn}el n}| gnt |bmipmcwmp {bj| A gn}el n}| dq tmjlaek a|%


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J| |bap vnae| qn} {mtm {ta|aek `ta|a`jc vam`mp gntGaci jelGacip jel Gaciaek pbnt|

tmwam{p jel jcpn cnekmt vam`mp% Bn{ {mtm qn} lmwmcnvaek jp j gaci {ta|mt>

Qmp% \bmtm jtm |{n cnekmt vam`mp A |baeo# nem ne |bm vtm)bap|ntq ng ln`}ime|jtq jel

nem ne Lxakj Wmt|nwpIje [a|b j Inwam @jimtj% \bmq {mtm vjt| ng j vtnhm`| A bjlvtndjdcq ae |bm mjtcq ljqp ng |bm gaci p`bnnc ag en| dmgntm ng {ta|aek {bj| A `jccml j|

|bj| |aim j bap|ntq ng ln`}ime|jtq tmjca|q% [bj| A }elmtp|nnl dq |bj| {jp {bj| qn}

{n}cl en{jljqp `jcc laggmtme| {jqp ae {ba`b tmjca|q bjl dmme tmvtmpme|ml% Ae |bnpm

ljqp qn} pj{ |bmi jp tmjca|amp ae |bmat n{e takb|% Dm`j}pm A bjl j pcakb|cq laggmtme|

|bn}kb tm`nkeapjdcq je`mp|tjc wam{ ng ln`}ime|jtq ae |bnpm ljqp% Vjt| ng |bm

Mapmep|mae |baek# A oen{ bm {jp ijoaek ga`|ane# a| {jp |aml }v ae iq iael {a|b |bm

almj |bj| gaci bjl j pvmàjc `cjai ne tmjca|q% J| |bj| |aim A {n}cl vtndjdcq bjwm

jtk}ml |bj| a| {jp dm`j}pm ng |bm im`bjea`jc ej|}tm ng |bm `jimtj {ba`b ap vtndjdcq

en| {bj| A {n}cl pjq en{% D}| enem|bmcmpp |bm almj |bj| |bmtm {jp j vtawacmkmltmcj|anepbav dm|{mme |bm gaci aijkm jel |bm tmjc {ntcl |bj| lnmpe| mrap| {a|b j

vjae|ml aijkm jel |bj| |bmtmgntm dq ijeav}cj|aek |bm gaci aijkm qn} jtm ae pnimpmepm ijeav}cj|aek j vn|me|ajc tmjca|q8 |bm {ntcl dm`jim ijccmjdcm |btn}kb a|p

tmvtmpme|j|anep ae gaci% Jp A pjq iq vtnktmpp# ag a| bjp dmme vtnktmpp# ae {ta|aek jdn}|gaci bjp dmme ae tmgaeaek |bj| almj# ltnvvaek n}| |baekp |bj| lne| ijom pmepm jel |bm

gj`| |bj| {bj| ap pvmàjc jdn}| |bm gaci aijkm ap en| |bj| a| ap im`bjea`jc d}| |bj| qn}

emml |bm ndhm`| ae ntlmt |n ijom |bm p}dhm`|% \bm |baek qn} jtm vbn|nktjvbaek ap jcpn

vjt| ng |bm jt|ap|a` imla}i a|pmcg%

Pnim ng {bj| qn} jtm pjqaek ndwan}pcq tmpnej|mp {a|b Djxaep almjp% [mtm qn}

mrvnpml |n bap {ta|aek mjtcq ne>

A tmjl Djxae j cnek |aim jkn% A bnemp|cq `je| tmimidmt i}`b jdn}| bai d}| iq

tm`nccm`|ane# {ba`b ijq dm gjcpm# ap |bj| bm lale| tmjccq ijom j lap|ae`|ane dm|{mme

ln`}ime|jtq jel ga`|ane% Bm {jp vtaijtacq ae|mtmp|ml ae tm`t}a|aek |bj| pvmàga`

vtnvmt|q ng gaci ae|n |bm ga`|a|an}p vtmpme|j|ane ng |bm {ntcl pn bap almjp jdn}| lmmvgn`}p jel |bm `cnpm }vp aeHmjeem LJt`# bm {jp aivtmppml dq |bnpm# cnek)bmcl

pmz}me`m pbn|p# |bj| pnt| ng |baek% G}eeacq men}kb bm pmmiml ae j {jq |n dm jcinp|vtnvbm|a` ng pnim ng |bm |baekp {ba`b dm`jim aivnt|je| vtj`|a`mp ae |bm ndpmtwj|anejc

gaci inwmime| ijeq qmjtp cj|mt d}| iq tm`nccm`|ane ap en| |bj| bm {jp j`|}jccq

|jcoaek jdn}| ln`}ime|jtq%

Djxae ap wmtq vtmn``}vaml {a|b |bnpm inime|p ng `ne|aekme`q |bj| cam n}|palm |bmga`|anejc jvvjtj|}p {ba`b pmmip |n nwmtcjv {a|b {bj| qn} jtm |jcoaek jdn}|%

A| lnmp nwmtcjv# qmp aelmml% A |baeo a| {jp Hnbe B}e|cmq {bn {jp jtn}el j| |bm |aim

|bmq {mtm pbnn|aekBmetq Wjel bm pjal |bmtm {jp nem pvmm`b# A |baeo a| {jp |bm

Bjttq jel Mekcjel jel P| Kmntkm da| {bmtm Ncawamt {jp bjwaek lagga`}c|q

`ne|tnccaek |bm bntpm# dm`j}pm bm {jpe| j wmtq knnl bntpmije# jel |bm bntpm tmjtml

}v pn |bmq tm|nno a| jdn}| |btmm nt gn}t |aimp }e|ac bm bjl `ne|tnc ng |bm bntpm jel |bmeng `n}tpm |bm mla|nt {me| jel }pml |bm gatp| |jom%

\bj| dtaekp im ne |n j z}mp|ane |bj| |n}`bmp ne |bm |{n jpvm`|p ng qn}t `jtmmt% Qn}

ime|ane |bnpm `ne|aekmeàmp |bj| jggm`| mwmtq vtnl}`|ane# {bmtm qn} `je| `jv|}tm |bmpbn| |bj| qn} {je|ml# pnim|baek }emrvm`|ml bjvvmep jel qn} mel }v }paek a| ae |bm


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gaci jcc |bnpm |baekp% Tmjlaek qn}t dnno ne Nll Ije N}| {bj| ae|mtmp|ml im {jp |bj|}ecaom inp| j`jlmia`p qn} bjwm ijeq qmjtp ktn}elaek ae gaci vtnl}`|ane d}| qn}

emwmt ime|ane |bm vnppadaca|q |bj| pnim ng {bj| {jp ae`c}lml ae |bm gaci `je dmj``n}e|ml gnt dq |bm `ne|aekmeàmp ng pbnn|aek%

Pnim|aimp qn} `je km| jeenqml {a|b j`jlmia` {ta|aek dm`j}pm |bmq lne| pmmi |ntmjcapm |bj| |bnpm `ne|aekmeàmp n``}t% Ae |bm `jpm ngNll Ije N}|A {jp pn aivtmppml

dq {bj| j`|}jccq {jp |bmtm ne |bm p`tmme a| lale| pmmi vjt| ng {bj| A {jp ae|mtmp|ml ae

j| |bj| vnae|% Jel jcpn |bm vtndcmi ap |bj| j cn| ng |bm |aim qn} lne| oen{% [bj| km|p

atta|j|aek ap {bme j`jlmia`p p|jt| j||j`baek j ktmj| pakeaga`je`m ae |mtip ng latm`|ntajc

`bna`m |n pnim|baek {ba`b qn} p}pvm`|# |bn}kb qn} `n}cl emwmt dm p}tm# {jp v}tmcq

gc}om% D}| |bmq }pml a| jel pnimdnlqp `bna`m {jp |n }pm |bj| gc}om# vtndjdcq |bm

mla|ntp% D}| {bme qn} jtm j`|}jccq cnnoaek j| j gaci jel pjqaek {bq lnmp |bap inwm

im# {bq lnmp a| {nto# |bnpm `nepalmtj|anep jtm vtndjdcq ne j laggmtme| `ta|a`jc |tjò%

A| ap jc{jqp ae|mtmp|aek |n km| pnimnemp vmtpnejc tmpvnepm |n |bm gaci d}| lnmp a|

ij||mt |n qn} |bj| {bj| qn} km| gtni |bm gaci ap en| @jtnc Tmmlp ae|me|ane>

[mcc |bmtm ap en {jq qn} `je mwmt oen{% Awm jc{jqp dmme `newae`ml |bj| |bm gaci gntqn} ap |bm gaci qn} bjwm pmme jel {bj| a| imjep |n qn}% Ae gj`| |bj| bjp dmme j wmtq

`me|tjc |baek ae |bm ln}d|p |bj| A bjwm bjl jdn}| |bm j`jlmia` |tmj|ime| ng gaci% A ji

en| bnp|acm |n# a| ap vtndjdcq n}| ng lj|m en{ dm`j}pm A bjwme| tmjl j`jlmia` {ta|aek

gnt pnim |aim# d}| A ji en| bnp|acm |n |bm |tmelp p}`b jp pmiancnkq# p|t}`|}tjcapi# jcc

|bnpm |baekp# wmtq ae|mtmp|aek aepakb|p `jim n}| ng |bnpm% D}| nem |baek |bmq ln pmmi

|n jcinp| lmcadmtj|mcq dtjòm| n}| ng `nepalmtj|ane ap |bm {jq |bm b}ije aelawal}jc

tmpvnelp |n j gaci% A `jim j`tnpp j {nelmtg}c z}n|m wmtq tm`me|cq ae j vnmi dq

Aekmdntk Dj`bijee {ba`b pjal dm|{mme |bm {ntl jel |bm |baek qn} me`n}e|mt necq

qn}tpmcg% A |bn}kb| {n{# qn} iakb| pjq a| ap ndwan}p d}| A bjl emwmt pmme a| mrvtmppml

z}a|m pn p}`àe`|cq jel vn{mtg}ccq% Ae j {jq |bj| pmmip |n dm pnim|baek {ba`b

`mt|jaecq ae |bm pmwme|amp jel makb|amp# ijqdm p|acc |nljq# j`jlmia` `ta|a`p lale| |jom

ae|n j``n}e|# |bj| |bm baekm dm|{mme |bm {ntcl jel a|p tmvtmpme|j|ane ap aelawal}jcb}ije `nepàn}pempp# {bm|bmt ng |bm ijomt nt |bm tmàvame| a| bjtlcq ij||mtp# jel |bj|

qn} jc{jqp bjwm |n gac|mt a| |btn}kb |bj|% Jel |bj| {jp tmjccq {bj| {jp j| |bm tnn| ng|bnpm lmdj|mp {m bjl ae |bm gag|amp jdn}| `niia|ime| jel `ta|aàpi% A ln tmimidmt

|bme dmaek wmtq# wmtq aivtmppml dq Pjt|tmp `nccm`|ane [bj| ap Ca|mtj|}tm> Jel |bap

{bncm almj |bj| |bm {jq {m tmjl j {nto ng ca|mtj|}tm nt dq aivca`j|ane jeq ng |bm n|bmt

jt|p ap je mrap|me|ajc `bna`m% \bj| ap {bj| A {jp jc{jqp omme ne bniaek ae ne# {bj| ap

tmjccq bjvvmeaek {bme {m cnno j| j gaci% Jel g}eeacq men}kb vmtbjvp dm`j}pm a| bjp|bm jvvmjtje`m ng dmaek v}tmcq p}dhm`|awm nt gjeàg}c nt en| pàme|aga` men}kb |bm

j`jlmia` `nii}ea|q pmmip |n gakb| pbq ng# pnim|aimp {a|b wmtq vnpa|awm tmp}c|p# |bm

pnt| ng jejcqpap |bj| vmnvcm caom Djt|bmp {mtm ijoaek {ntop# qn} jtm vmtp}jlml dq

{bj| bm ap pjqaek% D}| |bmtm ap je aivca`j|ane |bj| |bmpm imjeaekp n``}t ae je jdp|tj`|

tmjci en| ae pnimdnlqp iael%

Vmtbjvp {m `n}cl gnccn{ |bj| |tjò |baeoaek jdn}| `niia|ime| jel `ta|aàpi jel |jcojdn}|Lmgaea|ane% \mcc }p jdn}| |bm djòktn}el |n mp|jdcapbaekLmgaea|ane%

\bmtm {jp j Vncapb gtamel ng n}tp {bn {jp j p|}lme| j| |bm gaci p`bnnc# pnimdnlq mcpm

|bj| Ljwal dtn}kb| ae|n n}t àt`cm `jccml Dncmpcj{ P}cao# Dncao {m }pml |n `jcc bai%Bm ap en{ djò ae Vncjel {ntoaek ae pnim vtniaeme| vnpa|ane ae |bm Vncapb |mcmwapane


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ael}p|tq A |baeo% Bm {jp j pnt| ng iakt Vncm jel bm ne`m pjal {bme |{n Vncmp imm||bmq jc{jqp p|jt| j ijkjxaem# |bmtm jtme| jeq intm Vncmp d}| ap jeqnem mcpm }v gnt a|>

Pn a| {jp bap almj |bj| {m pbn}cl p|jt| j gaci ijkjxaem% \bm |a|cm {jp bap almj jp {mcc%[m {mtm jcc knaek |btn}kb |a|cmp caom Pmz}me`m# @cnpm ]v# |a|cmp {ba`b tmcj|ml ae pnim

{jq |n gaci jel bm `jim }v {a|bLmgaea|ane jel {m |bn}kb| |bj|p a|# |bj| ap |bm takb|

jep{mt% [m dtn}kb| n}| |bm gatp| app}m {ba`b {jp |aeq n`|jwn {a|b wmtq gm{vbn|nktjvbp# tj|bmt kt}ddq vbn|nktjvbp jel A {jp tj|bmt omme a| pbn}cl p|jq caom |bj|%

[m pbn}cl bjwm j laggmtme| `nwmt gnt mj`b app}m d}| {m pbn}cl jwnal knaek gnt

vtnl}`|ane wjc}mp% A z}a|m caoml |bm kt}ddq ca||cm vbn|nktjvbp% Ae gj`| A z}a|m caoml |bm

almj ng en| bjwaek jeq j| jcc% \bmtm ap pnim|baek jdn}| gaci p|accp {ba`b ap jc{jqp

pcakb|cq iapcmjlaek }ecmpp qn} jtm }paek |bmi |n acc}p|tj|m j wmtq pvm`aga` vnae| jdn}|

`nivnpa|ane nt gtjim pmz}me`m% A `je| z}a|m v}| iq gaekmt ne {bj| a| ap d}| j p|acc

aijkm |jomp ne j laggmtme|# intm a`nea` z}jca|q |bje |bj| gtjim {n}cl bjwm me vjppje|#

pn ae j {jq qn} jtm km||aek j iapcmjlaek wam{ ng gacip dq v}dcapbaek p|accp%

[jp a| qn}t `bna`m en| |n ae`c}lm p|accp ae Vnt|tja| ng je Aewapadcm Ije>

A `mt|jaecq lale| p}kkmp| ae`c}laek p|accp% \bmtm ap j gtne| jel mel vbn|n ng Ij` ae

Vnt|tja|% Endnlq mcpm pjal |n im |bj| A tm`jcc |bj| A n}kb| |n ae`c}lm |bmi% Nll Ije

N}|ng `n}tpm a| ap vjt| ng |bm gntij| |bj| |bmq bjwm% A {me| jcnek |n bmcv |bmi pmcm`|

|bmi% Ae|mtmp|aek |baek jdn}| |bj| ap |bm dak `me|tjc nem {bmtm bm p`tmjip ae |bm v}d#

bm ap p{mmvaek |bm dmmt ng |bm |jdcm# |bm k}q {bn {jp pmcm`|aek |bmi {a|b im gtni |bm

DGA pjal qn} `je| }pm |bj| bap bjel ap dc}ttml% A pjal |bj| ap |bm vnae|% Ae |bm mel |bmq

bjl |n dm`j}pm |bmtm {jpe| j pbn| {bmtm bap bjel {jpe| dc}ttml d}| A |bn}kb| {bj| j

p|tjekm ndhm`|ane |n tjapm% D}| ijqdm |bj| ap vjt| ng |bm pjim |baek Awm dmme |jcoaek

jdn}|% Jeq{jq pn |bme Jcje Cnwmcc `jim ne dnjtl# A |baeo ijqdm Dncao oem{ bai

gtni pnim{bmtm# a| `mt|jaecq {jpe| im# d}| bm `jim ne|n |bm mla|ntajc |mji%

Djpa`jccq a| {jp Dncao jel im# Ljwal lnaek j ca||cm da|# |bm n|bmtp lale| ln i}`b# jel

|bme Jcje `jim ae jel bm {jp wmtq i}`b j vtniaeme| gak}tm dm`j}pm bm bjl bap n{e

almjp ng {bj| j ijkjxaem pbn}cl dm caom% [m vtnl}`ml |btmm app}mp# |bm pm`nel jel

|batl nem {mtm intm kcnppq% A |baeo a| {jp Jcje {bn oem{ Vjllq [bjeemc# pn {m}pml |n bjwm n}t mla|ntajc imm|aekp ae Vjllqp gtne| tnni ae V}|emq% A {me| jcnek

{a|b |bm ijhnta|q wn|m ng ijoaek a| j intm kcnppq |baek d}| A {jp emwmt me|atmcqbjvvq% \bme j qmjt cj|mt @ncae [jtl dtn}kb| n}| |bm ijkjxaemJejt`bq {ba`b {jp

mrj`|cq |bm gntij|# N`|jwn# pijcc vtae|# en `ne`mppanep ijlm |n vtnl}`|ane wjc}mp jel

|bj| {me| ne {a|b jcinp| aelm`me| tmk}cjta|q gnt je jejt`bap| v}dca`j|ane gnt jdn}| |me

qmjtp% A |bn}kb| bmp kn| j{jq {a|b a|# {bq `je| A>

\bmtm jtm |{n ae|mtmp|aek vam`mp ng qn}tp ae |bm gatp| app}m ngLmgaea|ane# \n{jtlp ng

\bmntq jel |bm mla|ntajc {bmtm qn} {tn|m8 [m nggmt |bm vjkmp ngLmgaea|ane |n jeq

`ta|a` {bn ap vtmvjtml |n lmwn|m |n gacip |bm pjim jejcq|a`jc p|}lq jp a| ap `}p|nijtq |n

lmwn|m |n ca|mtj|}tm nt vjae|aek# jel {bn ap en| p`jtml |n jppmpp |bmat aivca`j|anep gtni

j tmpvnepadcm b}ije p|jelvnae|% [m bjwm# bn{mwmt# wat|}jccq en |tjla|ane dmbael }p%

[bj| {mtm |bm ae|mccm`|}jc pn}t`mp qn} {mtm ltj{aek ne j| |bm |aim>

A |baeo vtndjdcq |bm Pjt|tm mppjqp |bj| Awm ime|aneml {n}cl dm nem% \bmtm {mtm z}a|m

j gm{ vmnvcm# en| necq Mivpne# d}| n|bmt vmnvcm {bn {mtm lnaek lm|jacml jel wmtqmr`a|aek jejcqpmp ng vnm|tq% Ae |mtip ng |bm wap}jc jt|p ng `n}tpm |bmtm {jp Hnbe Dmtkmt

{bn {jp {ta|aek ae |bm P|j|mpije j| |bm |aim {bn {jp jen|bmt ijhnt gak}tm ng |bj|vmtanl% Vmnvcm |jco jdn}| Dmtkmt jp ag bm dmkje {a|b [jqp ng Pmmaekd}| ae gj`| gnt im


9/24

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jel n|bmt vmnvcm ng iq kmemtj|ane |bj| {jp j `}ciaej|ane tj|bmt |bje j cj}e`b vjl gntHnbe% [bj| ap ae|mtmp|aek |n im jdn}| Hnbe ap |bj| qn} lne| bjwm |n jktmm {a|b bap

h}lkmime|p jcc |bm |aim# ae gj`| A ng|me lne| {a|b bap aelawal}jc h}lkmime|p# d}| {bj|tmijaep jliatjdcm ap |bm pbmmt ae|mepa|q ng bap kjxm% Bm emwmt {jwmtp# bm emwmt knmp

ngg jel bap gnti}cj|anep emwmt nt wmtq pmclni pcav |bmat inntaekp% \bmq lne| dm`nim

jp A |baeo |bmq ln gnt pnim j`jlmia`p caom `n}e|mtp |n }pm ae j `jpaen% Inp| j`jlmia`{ta|mtp mekjkm ae j dtapo mr`bjekm ng gnn|en|mp# bm lnmpe| ln |bm gnn|en|mp% A| ap

v}||aek jcc |bm gn`}p ne {bj| qn} bjwm j`|}jccq mrvmtame`ml en| ae j {jq {ba`b ap

gjeàg}c nt }c|tj pncavpap|a` d}| tj|bmt {bj| ij||mtp jdn}| j {nto ng jt| ap {bj| j

vmtpne# ae |bap `jpm a| bjp |n dm im ag A ji {ta|aek |bm vam`m km|p gtni a| d}| |bme qn}

j`|}jccq |tq |n jejcqpm a| jel pjq {bq% \bm n|bmt vam`m \n{jtlp j \bmntq `n}cl `tmj|m

|bm aivtmppane |bj| A {jp dmaek vtnvbm|a` ng |bmntq {a|b j `jva|jc \ {ba`b n``}ttml

cj|mt jel ng `n}tpm A {jpe|# A {jpe| mrvm`|aek |bj|% [bj| A {jp bnvaek gnt {jp j

intm ae|mepawm jel pmjt`baek jejcqpap ng {bj| ap ae gtne| ng qn} jel {bq {bj| ap ae

gtne| ng qn} kmemtj|mp j `mt|jae tmpvnepm ae qn}%

\bm n|bmt pa|m {bmtm |bj| v}pb gnt ktmj|mt jejcq|a`jc taknt jel vtngmppanejcapi ae`ta|aàpi {jp n``}ttaek {jp jtn}elNrgntl Nvaeane jelInwam% Bn{ ln qn} en{ pmm

|bj| inime| ae Dta|apb gaci `ta|aàpi>

N}t laggmtme`m {a|bInwam {jp A |baeo intm vnca|a`jc a| {jpe| |bj| {m ndhm`|ml |n |bm

lm|jac {a|b {ba`b |bmq {mtm p|}lqaek |baekp% [m |bn}kb| |bmtm {jp pnim|baek j da|

vmtwmtpm jdn}| |bm |baekp |bmq `bnpm |n kawm |bmat j||me|ane |n% [bm|bmt A {n}cl |baeo

|bj| en{ ag A cnnoml djò A lne| oen{ dm`j}pm a| {jp jcc wmtq i}`b |aml }v {a|b |bm

vnca|a`p ng |bm vmtanl jp {mcc%

[bj| {jp Lmgaea|anep tmcj|anepbav |n |bm Em{ Cmg|>

Lmgaea|ane jp p}`b vtndjdcq lale| bjwm nem% \bmtm {jp wmtq i}`b j gmmcaek |bj| {m

{mtm jcc vjt| ng |bm pjim |baek j| |bj| |aim% A| {jp j`|}jccq j wmtq mrà|aek vmtanl |n dm

jtn}el% Qn} cnno djò pnim|aimp j| pnim ng |bmpm bap|nta`jc inime|p jel |baeo A{nelmt ag a| {jp tmjccq |bm gmtime| |bj| a| jvvmjtml nt {jp a| h}p| j gm{ apncj|ml

aelawal}jcp {bn ae tm|tnpvm`| {m `je ktn}v |nkm|bmt jel pjq |bmq {mtm |bmaivtmppaneap|p% D}| ae |bm cj|m gag|amp |bmtm tmjccq {jp |bj| gmmcaek |bj| |bmtm {mtm pn

ijeq |baekp bjvvmeaek% \bm p}vvtmppane ng |bm B}ekjtaje tapaek tmcmjpml gtni |bm

@nii}eap| Vjt|q vmnvcm caom Ml{jtl \bnivpne jel Hnbe Pjwaccm {bn gn}elml |bm

Em{ Tmjpnemt# pn |bj| {jp nem |baek |bj| bjvvmeml% Mjtcamt ae |bm qmjt qn} bjl bjl

jcc |bm vtn|mp|p j| |bm aewjpane ng P}mx {ba`b {jp |bm qn}ekmt kmemtj|ane j| |bj| |aim#}eawmtpa|q p|}lme|p gnt |bm gatp| |aim# jp gjt jp A ji j{jtm# tmjccq gcmraek |bmat i}p`cmp

jel pjqaek |bmq {mtm gml }v {a|b Kja|pomcc jel |bm {apbq){jpbq Cjdn}t nvvnpa|ane |n

|bm \ntq knwmteime|% Pn qn}l kn| ne |bm nem bjel |bm gntimt `nii}eap|p tmcmjpml

gtni |bm p|ta`|}tmp ng |bm Vjt|q caem# |bmq `n}cl en{ pjq {bj| |bmq caoml% Jel |bmtm

{jp |bm |bmj|tm8 \bmj|tm [ntopbnv# |bm Tnqjc @n}t|% [bacm {m {mtm j| |bm gaci

p`bnnc Jtencl _[mpomtY {jp {ta|aek @baòme Pn}v {a|b Djtcmq ae |bm mwmeaekp% Tnqjc

@n}t| }pml |n ln vtnl}`|anep {a|bn}| l`nt ne P}eljq eakb| jel vmnvcm gtni CnelneP`bnnc ng Gaci \m`beaz}m jel |bmat katcgtamelp gtni @me|tjc P`bnnc ng Gaci jel

Ltjij wat|}jccq bjl j vm{% [m }pml |n kn |bmtm mwmtq {mmo jel pj{ Hnbe Jtlmepgatp| vcjq jel |bmtm {jp |bap gmmcaek {m {mtm jcc vjt| ng |bm pjim |baek%Vmj`m Em{p

bjl j tmk}cjt `nc}ie dq Hnbe Jtlme# A bjl j vnmi ae |bmEm{ Tmjpnemtjel |bmtm{jp Gtmm @aemij% [m |bn}kb|Lmgaea|ane {jp vjt| ng |bm pjim |baek%


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:6

@n}cl qn} pjq j gm{ {ntlp jdn}| qn}t n{e vnca|a`jc gntij|ane>

\bm {ntl |bj| {m {n}cl bjwm }pml ae |bm :1=6p {n}cl bjwm dmme pnàjcap| b}ijeapi%

Al vtndjdcq p|acc }pm |bj| {ntl |n lmp`tadm iqpmcg% Awm gcat|ml |n ktmj|mt nt cmppmt

lmktmmp {a|b |bm jejt`bap| {aek# pn A vtndjdcq {n}cl `jcc iqpmcg je jejt`bn)pqela`jcap| ag A {je|ml |n dm tmjccq ln`|taejatm jdn}| a|% Awm emwmt j`|}jccq hnaeml j

vnca|a`jc vjt|q# emwmt mwme hnaeml @EL |bn}kb A {me| ne vcme|q ng |bmat lminp% A

{tn|m gntVmj`m Em{p d}| Awm emwmt dmme je jdpnc}|m vjàgap|% Jeqnem {bn {me|

|btn}kb |bm Pm`nel [ntcl [jt jp j `bacl# A {jp j `bacl ng jdn}| mcmwme {bme |bnpm

`ne`me|tj|ane `jiv va`|}tmp jvvmjtml ne |bm em{ptmmcp jel a| tmjccq ap j pbnò% Jel a|

{jp j pbnò ae j {jq dm`j}pm |bap {jp j `bacl lap`nwmtaek pnim|baek {ba`b mwme

nemp vjtme|p lale| oen{# a| {jp em{ |n |bmi jp {mcc%

Ae Lmgaea|ane qn} {tn|m je ae lmv|b p|}lq ng Gcjbmt|qp nm}wtm jel ae |bm pjim qmjt:176 j `ta|a`jc jejcqpap ngIje {a|b j Inwam @jimtj% [bj| {jp |bm djòktn}el |n

|bmpm vam`mp>

A bjl kn| a| ae|n iq bmjl |bj| ln`}ime|jtq tmp|ml ne |{n djpa` vcjeop# nem ng {ba`b{jp Gcjbmt|q jel nem ng {ba`b {jp Lxakj Wmt|nw# {a|b |bm laggmtme`m dmaek |bj|

Gcjbmt|qp wam{ {jp |bj| qn} aiimtpml qn}tpmcg ae j pa|}j|ane tj|bmt ae |bm {jq |bj|

ndpmtwj|anejc gaciijomtp ae |bm tm`me| vjp| bjwm lnem jel |bme qn} cmjte| jdn}| a| jel

ag qn} bjl |n pm| |baekp }v# qn} pm| |bmi# qn} `n}cle| km| |bm `jimtj ae|n je akcnn pn

Ejenno bjl |n d}acl j bjcg akcnn% Ap |bj| `bmj|aek> Qmp# d}| {bn `jtmp> Pn a| ap

`niaek n}| ng qn}t oen{cmlkm {ba`b ap wmtq |bntn}kbcq tmpmjt`bml jp |n {bj| qn}

jtm lnaek% \bm n|bmt ap |bj| qn} p|jt| |joaek jcinp| tjelni pbn|p ng tmjca|q# {a|b nt

{a|bn}| z}n|mp j``ntlaek |n qn}t vbacnpnvba`jc vnpa|ane# jel |bme dq v}||aek |bmi

|nkm|bmt qn} {acc j}|nij|a`jccq km| pnim pnt| ng |t}|b dm`j}pm ag qn} v}| da|p ng |bm

{ntcl |nkm|bmt pnim pnt| ng |t}|b {acc dm kmemtj|ml% Inp| ln`}ime|jtamp `je dm pmme

|n gjcc pnim{bmtm dm|{mme |bnpm |{n% \bm mppjq |bj| {jp v}dcapbml ae :1=2 aeGacip

jel Gaciaekjel tmv}dcapbml dq Cm{ap Hj`ndp ae j dnno ae |bm :1;6p A {jp j da|{nttaml jdn}| a|# A {n}cle| caom |n tmvtae| a| en{# A |baeo A {jp takb| jdn}| |bm {jq |bm

gaci ap p|t}`|}tml# d}| gnt pnim tmjpne nt jen|bmt A jpp}iml |bj| Lxakj Wmt|nw {jpe|`nepàn}pcq |tqaek |n p}dwmt| |bm vnppadcm cjek}jkmp ng gaci# {bmtmjp en{ A {n}cl

jpp}im |bj| bm {jp |tqaek |n ln h}p| |bj|% A lne| |baeo A kjwm bai `tmla| gnt |bm

ae|mccakme`m ng |bj| gaci% A kjwm bai `tmla| gnt |bm ae|mtmp| ng a|% Jel |bm n|bmt |baek# ng

`n}tpm# vnca|a`jccq# ap |bj| A gjacml |n ktjpv |bm lmktmm |n {ba`b a| {jp je j||jò ne |bm

EMV# je j||jò ne |bm ta`b# vjt|cq dm`j}pm bap almj ng vmnvcm dmaek ta`b lale| cnnocaom n}t almj ng vmnvcm dmaek ta`b% Pn |bmtm {jp |bj| jpvm`| ng a| {bmtm A gmc| A bjl dmme

j da| vnca|a`jccq ejwm%

Bn{ ng|me {mtm qn} jdcm |n {j|`b |bm gaci>

A `je| tmimidmt% Al vtndjdcq pmme a| j `n}vcm ng |aimp% A |baeo {bj| bjl vtndjdcq

bjvvmeml {jp A bjl pmme a| gatp| ng jcc jel tmjcapml a| {jp {nt|b |baeoaek jdn}|% Pn|bmtmgntm {bme a| {jp emr| pbn{e A {me| |n pmm a| jel ijlm p}tm A tmimidmtml |bm

aivnt|je| |baekp% Ae |bnpm ljqp |bj| ap jcc qn} `n}cl ln% Mwme {bme A {tn|mVnt|tja| ngje Aewapadcm Ije A lne| |baeo A mwmt bjl j gaci A `n}cl t}e ne j P|mmedmò% A {jp wmtq

c}òq dm`j}pm |bm Tawmtpalm P|}lanp {mtm lnaek j Hmeeaekp mrbada|ane h}p| j| |bj| |aimjel |bm gaci |bmj|tm j| |bm Tawmtpalm {jp t}eeaek Hmeeaekp gacip mwmtq eakb|% Pn A


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{me| jel pj{ pnim ng |bnpm |btmm jel gn}t |aimp jel |bme nem nt |{n n|bmtp A pj{ aelaggmtme| `ne|mr|p% Pnimdnlq A oem{ {jp lnaek j gaci `n}tpm ae Mjcaek jel pbm

jttjekml gnt im |n kn ln{e |bmtm jel |bmq pbn{mlCap|me |n Dta|jae gnt im% A bjl |nvaò |baekp }v jp jel {bme A `n}cl# ae `ne|tjp| |n Nll Ije N}|{ba`b bjl dmme

pbn{e ne |mccq jel Al tm`ntlml a| ne WBP% A `n}cl kn djò jel `bmò mwmtq lm|jac

jel ijom p}tm Al kn| a| takb|%

Ai ae|mtmp|ml |n oen{ ag |bmtm {mtm jeq inlmcp ng bap|nta`jc tmpmjt`b |bj| qn} {mtm

ltj{aek ne {bme qn} midjtoml ne Vnt|tja| ng je Aewapadcm Ije% [bn {mtm qn}t

vtm`}tpntp>

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aegc}me`mp ng pnimnem {bn ap }pml |n mla|aek gaci% A| ap j `nepàn}pcq p|t}`|}tml dnno

ae |bm pmepm |bj| mwmtq `bjv|mt bjp j pcakb|cq laggmtme| tmcj|anepbav dm|{mme |bm

ae|mtwam{ ij|mtajc# |bm jt`bawjc ij|mtajc# iq `niime|p% A| ap en| }eagnti# a| ap imje||n bjwm j gtjkime|ml p}tgj`m%

\bmtm jtm j cn| ng `bjv|mtp jp {mcc# cn|p ng pbnt| `bjv|mtp%

Qmp jel |bmq wjtq z}a|m `nepalmtjdcq ae cmek|b jel jkjae |bj| {jp vjt| ng |bm vcje |bj|

|bj| pbn}cl dm |bm `jpm% Ln qn} oen{ a| ap jijxaek |bm |baekp |bj| j`|}jccq aegc}me`m

qn} ae cagm% \bm paccq ca||cm |baek |bj| bjp p|jqml ae |bm djò ng iq iael gnt qmjtp jel

qmjtp# A tmjl pnim|baek dq |bm vmnvcm {bn {mtm lmpakeaek |bm Gmp|awjc ng Dta|jae jel

nem ng |bm |baekp |bmq pjal {jp |bj| |bmq {mtm `jtmg}c |n }pm laggmtme| }elmtgnn|

p}tgj`mp8 `nddcm# |jtij`# ktjpp# {bj|mwmt# |n jwnal vmnvcmp gmm| dm`niaek |nn |atml

dm`j}pm wjtam|q j`|}jccq p|ai}cj|mp qn}t gmm|% [mcc j`|}jccq |bj| ap wmtq i}`b caom

|tqaek |n `}| j gaci% A| ap |bm necq |j`|acm `nivjtapne |bj| A bjwm `nim j`tnpp%

Jel {jp |bj| ae qn}t iael {bme qn} {mtm {ta|aekVnt|tja|>

[mcc A |baeo a| vtndjdcq {jp% A| ap pn ng|me ae iq iael% [bj|mwmt Ai {ta|aek A bj|m|bm almj ng a| jcc `niaek j`tnpp jp }eagnti% Iq ga`|ane {nto ap# ae ijeq `jpmp# z}a|m

gtjkime|jtq# en| |n |bm vnae| ng dmaek j da| ng |bap jel j da| ng |bj|# d}| pbjtv `}|p% A|baeo |bmtm ap pnim aegc}me`m ng gaci mla|aek ae |bj|% Jp gjt jp |bm p|t}`|}tm ng |bj|

dnno ap `ne`mteml endnlq {bn bjp {ta||me jdn}| a| bjp mwmt pjal |bj| a| dtmjop em{

ktn}el ae |bm {ta|aek ng danktjvbq# jel A |bn}kb| a| lal% Jel A {jp j`|}jccq tj|bmt

`b}ggml |bj| a| lal% A| {jp iq gatp| dnno pn a| imje| j cn| |n im%

@je qn} pvmcc n}| {bj| qn} gmmc |bj| em{ ktn}el {jp>

A |baeo vjt|cq# jel |bap ap {bmtm |bm tmcj|anepbav |n `}||aek ln`}ime|jtamp `nimp ae# a|

{jp |n ln {a|b cm||aek |bm ae|mtwam{ ij|mtajc cjtkmcq pvmjo gnt a|pmcg tj|bmt |bje

ae|tnl}àek a|8 jel bmtm ap pnimdnlq {bn pjqp pn jel pn% \bm |baek |bj| jeq

ln`}ime|jtq mla|nt# Ai p}tm# {acc |mcc qn} ap ijllmeaek ap {bme pnimnem `nimp ne

|n pjq# A |baeo |bm @taimje [jt {jp j djl |baek jel |bm `niime|jtq dmgntm a| pjqp#pn jel pn |baeop |bm @taimje [jt ap j djl |baek% Dm`j}pm |bmq lne| dmcamwm |bj|

qn} `je j`|}jccq |jom aegntij|ane gtni jtda|tjtacq pmcm`|ml imidmtp ng |bm v}dca`%\bmq |baeo |bj| mwmtq|baek bjp |n `nim gtni |bm wna`m ng j}|bnta|q%


12/24

:4

Jel {jp |bj| pnim|baek qn} jvvtmàj|ml ae |bm gacip |bj| Hmeeaekp jel I`Jccap|mt{ntoml ne# |bm cjò ng j wna`m nwmt>

Nb qmp# {bmtmwmt qn} `je jwnal a|%

Pn |bj| ap tmvca`j|ml ae |bm p|t}`|}tm ng |bm dnno |n j `mt|jae mr|me|>

Necq |n je mr|me| dm`j}pm ndwan}pcq j cn| ng a| ap im tjdda|aek ne jdn}| j}|mtapi nt

h}p| kawaek vcjae bap|nta`jc nt gj`|}jc ij|mtajc d}| A caom |n h}r|jvnpm a| {a|b n|bmt

|baekp pn |bj| |bm `neem`|ane ape| pimjtml nwmt% Qn} bjwm kn| |n ijom |bm `neem`|ane

qn}tpmcg% Gnt mrjivcm# A lne| |baeo A ijlm |bm latm`| h}r|jvnpa|ane d}| vmnvcm |jcoaek

jdn}| |bm pnt| ng k}q I`Jccap|mt {jp# jel pnimdnlq pjqp# bm {jp j gtmm pvata|# bm {jp

caom Jtamc% \bm emr| vmtpne pjqp# bm {jp caom @jcadje% \bj| ap {nelmtg}c% A ijlm en

j||miv| |n tm`neàcm |bnpm |{n%

\bm n|bmt mr|tjntlaejtq |baek jdn}|Vnt|tja| ae jlla|ane |n |bm ae|mtwam{p jel |bm {jq

|bmq jtm }pml ap |bm ae`tmladcm {mjc|b ng vtaijtq pn}t`mp% A `je| |baeo ng j vtm`mlme|{bmtm j gaci bap|ntaje vtant |n |bj| dnno bjl knem |n p}`b cmek|bp |n lak n}| |bm

ln`}ime|p gtni |bm V}dca` Tm`ntlp Ngga`m jel jcc |bj| oael ng |baek%

A bjle| tmjcapml |bj|% A| pmmiml |bm ndwan}p |baek |n ln% Tmimidmt |bj| {bme A

p|jt|ml |n {ta|m |bj| dnno |bmtm {jp jcinp| en aegntij|ane jdn}| P|m{jt| I`Jccap|mt

jwjacjdcm jeq{bmtm |bj| A `n}cl gael% A ijq jp {mcc |mcc qn} |bap% A pbjtml j bn}pm {a|b

Hjem [nnl {bn {jp j `n)latm`|nt ng Ljwal Ejlme Jppnàj|mp jel nem mwmeaek {m

{mtm pa||aek jtn}el |bm oa|`bme |jdcm jel A {jp |jcoaek jdn}| |bm pmepm ng

tmpvnepadaca|q |bj| |bm mla|ntp ae n}t `nivjeq bjl |n{jtlp |bm ij|mtajc {ba`b {jpe|

}eawmtpjccq pbjtml jel pmmiml j| |bj| vnae| |n dm lqaek n}|% A pjal A lne| oen{ {bmtm

a| `jim gtni |bap almj |bj| {m pbn}cl |jom j intjc p|jel# |jom tmpvnepadaca|q gnt {bj|

{m jtm mla|aek% Jel Hjem pjal# qn} jppap|ml im# A jppap|ml Aje [nncg# Aje [nncg

jppap|ml P|m{jt| I`Jccap|mt# a| jcc `nimp gtni |bmtm% Jel A pjal pnimdnlq n}kb| |n

{ta|m j dnno jdn}| P|m{jt| I`Jccap|mt jel A |bme kn| |bj| |aekcaek j| |bm djò ng iqemò% Endnlq mcpm ap knaek |n ln a|? a| bjl dm||mt dm im% Pn |bj| ap bn{ a| dmkje% Jel

|bj| inime| ae iq cagm# |bnpm gm{ pm`nelp# jtm tmjccq jinek iq inp| aivnt|je|imintamp%

]ecaom ijeq j`jlmia`p qn} bjl en tmpmjt`b ktje|p nt n|bmt aep|a|}|anejc p}vvnt|# pn

a| ap j tmjc cjdn}t ng cnwm jp {mcc% Bn{ ijeq qmjtp {mtm qn} {ntoaek ne |bm vtnhm`|>

A| ap lagga`}c| |n pjq# vtndjdcq jdn}| |btmm% A p|jt|ml lnaek a| h}p| ae kjvp dm|{mme hndp

d}| |bme Al kn| men}kb ij|mtajc |n {ta|m jdn}| j |batl ng a| jel Al tmj`bml j vnae|

{bmtm A |bn}kb|# A {je| |n v}| pnim|baek ln{e ne vjvmt en{ n|bmt{apm A {acc km| pn

`neg}pml# jel |bj| {acc k}alm im ae|n gaelaek {bj| mcpm A emml |n oen{% Jel j| |bj|

vnae| iq in|bmt {me| ln{e {a|b `je`mt jel pbm cawml }v ae Qntopbatm% \n }| j p|ntq

pbnt| A pvme| j qmjt }v |bmtm cnnoaek jg|mt bmt dmgntm pbm laml jel wmtq pbnt|cq jg|mt A

gatp| {me| }v A |bn}kb| |bap ap knaek |n dm bmcc# Awm kn| |n ln pnim|baek% Nllcq men}kbHnbe Dmtkmt {jp aewncwml ae |bap dm`j}pm bm bjvvmeml |n ltnv ae|n LEJ _Ljwal

Ejlme Jppnàj|mpY dm`j}pm A bjl `}| |bm Niead}p wmtpane ngVak Mjt|b pn {m oem{mj`b n|bmt jel bm {je|ml |n pjq bmccn% Bm {jp |ncl |bj| A {jp }v |bmtm jel iq in|bmt

{jp lqaek pn bm vbneml im }v ae Qntopbatm% Jel A pjal A iakb| |jom j `n}vcm ng ljqpngg# kn ln{e |n Cnelne jel vaò }v iq tmpmjt`b en|mp jel {nto ne |bj| dnno A {jp


13/24

:0

{ntoaek ne% Jel bm pjal# nb qn} i}p|# n|bmt{apm qn}t in|bmt {acc gmmc k}ac|q% A|bn}kb|# bm |baeop ng j |baek caom |bj|# {ba`b ap j ijto ng bap b}ijea|q% Inp| ng iq

|aim {jp pvme| cnnoaek jg|mt bmt d}| A v}| jpalm |btmm bn}tp j ljq ae |bm jg|mtenne |n{nto% Dq |bm |aim pbm laml Al {ta||me pnim|baek caom |{n |batlp ng |bm gaeapbml dnno%

Ln qn} |baeo |bm Hmeeaekp jel I`Jccap|mt tmcj|anepbav {jp }eaz}m> Jtm |bmtm n|bmtlatm`|nt.mla|nt tmcj|anepbavp |bj| imta| paiacjt aewmp|akj|ane>

\bmtm jtme| n|bmtp |bj| A oen{ jdn}|% A| ap lagga`}c| |n pjq dm`j}pm pnim ng |bm vmnvcm

A oen{ ae iq n{e {ntoaek cagm j| Ljwal Ejlme Jppnàj|mp pnim|aimp {ntoml gnt j

cnek |aim {a|b |bm pjim vmtpne% A lal {a|b Iaom Ladd# Dtaje Inpmt jel `mt|jaecq {a|b

Imcappj Ccm{mcqe Ljwamp% [bm|bmt |bj| `n}e|p gnt |bj| lmktmm ng `tmj|awm |mepane# A

lne| oen{% Ae |bm ga`|ane lmvjt|ime| qn}wm kn| [jc|mt I}t`b jel |bm latm`|ntp bm

{ntoml {a|b% Jel ng `n}tpm |bmtm ap |bm {mcc)oen{e `jpm ng Gcjbmt|q jel Bmcme Wje

Lnekme% A lal tmjl |bj| bm bj|ml `bjekaek jeq|baek pn bm {n}cl bjwm cmg| j b}kmpvtj{caek |baek% Jel pbm {n}cl tm`}| |bm |baek pn |bj| a| ijlm pmepm d}| |bme v}| a|

djò dm`j}pm pbm ljtme| `negtne| bai jel |bme ktjl}jccq ijom j `bjekm bmtm jel j`bjekm |bmtm |acc pbm bjl kn| a| |n {bj| pbm oem{ {jp takb|%

A {nelmtml ag qn} gmc| |bmtm {jp j `neem`|ane dm|{mme Vnt|tja| jel qn}t cj|mt `ta|a`jc

vam`mp ne Nll Ije N}| jelHm}r Ae|mtla| jtn}el |bm |bmim ng emkj|ane nt aewapadaca|q%

A {jp ae|mtmp|ml ae |bj| z}mp|ane dm`j}pm a| {jp en| pnim|baek A {jp `nepàn}p ng jel

A p|jt|ml |n |baeo ap |bj| |t}m ng iq ga`|ane A lne| oen{ |bm jep{mt% Jel Ai

pnim|aimp j da| `j}|an}p jdn}| aez}ataek |nn i}`b ae|n {bj| iq |bmimp jtm% Ai en|

ndpmppawm jdn}| a|# d}| A oen{ |bj| ne`m A bjl {ta||me j gm{ dnnop A |bn}kb|# jb# |bmtm

ap j `niine |bmim bmtm {ba`b A lale| oen{ {jp j vtmn``}vj|ane ng iaem d}| `cmjtcq

ap# {ba`b ae |bj| `jpm {jp |n ln {a|b cnqjc|q# gaeapbaek j hnd qn} bjwm p|jt|ml# jcc |bj|

pnt| ng |baek% D}| A lne| oen{# p|j|mp ng emkj|ane# A |bn}kb| A pbjcc |baeo pnim intm

jdn}| |bap% A `je| kawm qn} je jep{mt%

Pjcwj|ntm K}acajen {n}cl jcpn ga| |bj| |bmim%

Qmp% \bj| ap j gjpàej|aek gaci% A tmimidmt {bme |bmq aewa|ml im |n ln nem ng |bm gaci

`cjppa`p jel |bmq pme| im j cap| ng nemp |bj| bjle| dmme |jome }v A pm||cml ne Nll

Ije N}|% A pjal |n Ml{jtl D}p`nidm# A {apb qn} {mtm ae`c}laek Pjcwj|ntm K}acajen

ae |bap dm`j}pm A |baeo a| tmjccq lmpmtwmp a|% Jel bm pjal# qmp A jktmm {a|b qn} d}| a|

bjpe| dmme `bnpme%

Vnt|tja| ap j ijhnt `ne|tad}|ane |n |bm lmdj|mp ne j}|bntpbav% [mtm |bmtm jeq

vjt|a`}cjt mppjqp# jtk}ime|p jdn}| j}|bntpbav |bj| qn} {mtm ae|tak}ml dq nt

aivcaà|cq `bjccmekaek |btn}kb |bm dnno>

En| pvmàga`jccq d}| A {jp ae|mtmp|ml ae |bm gj`| |bj| bjwaek tmp`}ml |bm latm`|nt gtni

ndcawane |bm lnnt {jp en{ `cnpml ne mwmtqdnlq mcpm% \bj| pmmiml j da| }egjat#mpvmàjccq ae gaci ng jcc imlaj# `negaeaek |n nem vmtpne% A oen{ |bmtm ap j `bjv|mt ae

|bmtm |jcoaek jdn}| |bj|% Pn a| {jp jlltmppaek a|pmcg |n |bm kmemtjc lmdj|mp {ba`b bjldmme knaek ne% A }pml |n tmjl P`tmme# {ba`b {jp j tmjc cnwm)bj|m tmcj|anepbav dm`j}pm

a| {jp {ta||me {a|b p}`b j ln`|taejatm pm| ng vnpa|anep% [bmemwmt a| `jim |btn}kb |bmlnnt iq bmjt| }pml |n paeo# nb Knl Awm kn| |n tmjl P`tmme#d}| A gmc| A n}kb| |n# |bmpm


14/24

: [mtm pnim ng qn}t`nccmjk}mp gnccn{aekP`tmme>

A| {jpe| |bm enti# d}| a| {jpe| j `nivcm|m lmeajc ma|bmt ng |bm jvvtnj`b% A| ap |bm pnt|

ng jvvtnj`b |bj| ap j`|}jccq z}a|m lagga`}c| |n jvvcq {bme qn} jtm pa||aek ae gtne| ng |bmt}pbmp pjqaek# bn{ pbjcc A `}| |bap gaci>

Bn{ lal qn} `nim |n dm {ntoaek ne [ntcl ae J`|ane>

Qmp% Nem |baek |bj| qn} bjwme| ime|aneml |bn}kb Awm |btn{e ae j `n}vcm ng

tmgmtme`mp ap Ljwal Ejlme Jppn`aj|mp# |bm `nivjeq gntiml {a|b Ljwal Ejlme# Hjem

[nnl jel iqpmcg# |bm |btmm ng }p gatp| ng jcc% [m p|jt|ml ae :17= jel {m gnclml ae

466=# {m bjl gnt|q qmjtp ng mrap|me`m knaek |btn}kb wjtan}p vtmiapmp jel wjtan}p

e}idmtp% A| i}|j|ml nwmt |bm qmjtp# a| p|jt|ml jp dmaek j da| intm ng j `nnvmtj|awm |bje

a| gaeapbml dmaek d}| emwmt|bmcmpp j cn| ng |bm pjim vmnvcm p|jqml jtn}el% Pbmacj Dtjlq

hnaeml }p j `n}vcm ng qmjtp jg|mt% Ijt|ae Pia|b hnaeml }p {a|bae {mmop jp je jppap|je|

mla|nt |bme dm`jim je mla|nt% Pbmacj# |{n qmjtp cj|mt p|jt|ml jppap|aek im jel |bmedm`jim je mla|nt% Pn |bj| {jp |bm }ea| jel jkjae j `jp}jc `ne|j`| kn| }p ae {a|b

Ktjejlj dm`j}pm pnimdnlq {m oem{ bjl jppap|ml im ae pnim gacip Al `}|% \bmtm ap jkjv ae |bm p|ntq# jg|mt A gaeapbml {ntoaek {a|b Ija Bjttap |bm gatp| j`|}jc gaci mla|aek

hnd A kn| {jp j vbnem `jcc gtni Ljwal {bn {jp {ntoaek {a|b Ia|btjp Gacip {ba`b

{jp Hnbe Atwae jel Ij}ta`m Bj||nep `nivjeq {bn bjl dmme |jome ne |n ln vjt|q

vnca|a`jcp gnt |bm Cjdn}t Vjt|q% \bmat dak dtmjo `jim {a|b |bm vjt|q `negmtme`m ae

:170 ae P`jtdntn}kb {bmtm |bmq bnvml |n ln j Cmj`n`o |qvm wmta|m gaci j| |bm`negmtme`m# {ba`b {jpe| {bj| |bm Cjdn}t Vjt|q jpoml gnt% \bmq h}p| {je|ml j gm{

pbn|p |n }pm ae vjt|q vnca|a`jcp# d}| jcc |bmpm vmnvcm {mtm p|tjaeaek j| |bm cmjpb# {m

{je| |n ijom j tmjc gaci% A {jp kawme |bm `bna`m ng `ne|ae}aek |n `}| |bm vjt|q

vnca|a`jcp nt |bm P`jtdntn}kb `negmtme`m gaci% A {je|ml |n `}| j vtnvmt gaci jp {mcc pn

A lal |bj| jel a| |}teml n}| |n dm wmtq# wmtq lagga`}c| jel a| {jpe| jp ndpmtwj|anejc# {m

lale| }pm |bj| {ntl ae |bnpm ljqp# a| {jpe| jp wmta|m j vtnl}`|ane jp {m bnvml% D}|

jeq{jq {m kn| j gaci {ba`b {jpe| {nelmtg}c# d}| A {jp z}a|m vcmjpml {a|b a| jeli}`b |n |bm `bjktae ng |bm Cjdn}t Vjt|q a| {ne j dtnexm imljc j| Wmea`m% Jg|mt |bj| A

`}| z}a|m j gm{ |baekp j| Ia|btjp |bj| {mtm emwmt gaeapbml


15/24

:=

Nem ng |bm jppap|je|p |bj| A bjl ne nem ng |bm }egaeapbml gacip# j k}q `jccml IaomIjhnt# bjl dmme }v |bmtm mla|aek \bap Mekcjeljel A |baeo {bj| bjl bjvvmeml ap |bj|

a| bjl nwmtt}e# jp mwmtq|baek lal ae |bnpm ljqp# jel bm bjl jen|bmt `niia|ime|%\bap {jp {bme |bm mrvcnpane bjvvmeml ng :7ii {nto ae |mcmwapane jel Ktjejlj

p}llmecq gn}el |bj| |bmq bjl intm {nto |bje |bmq bjl `}||aek tnnip% [bme {m gatp|

p|jt|ml ae 7= {m {tn|m |n jcc |bm |mcmwapane `nivjeamp# DD@ ndwan}pcq jel |bm A\W`nivjeamp# pjqaek# {m jtm j ktn}v ng gaci mla|ntp jel |bmpm jtm n}t pmtwa`mp# jel

endnlq |nno }p }v ne a|% D}| {a|bae j qmjt Ktjejlj {mtm `jccaek }p# {m {mtm }v |bmtm

jcc |bm |aim% \bm gatp| |baek A lal {jp `nivcm|aek j gaci {bmtm jkjae |bm gaci bjl

nwmtt}e jel |bm mla|nt bjl knem |n {nto ne j gmj|}tm# |bmq bjl |n gael pnimdnlq jel

dq |bap |aim |bmq oem{ jdn}| LEJ pn |bmq `jccml ne im% \bj| {jp gnt Iaom Em{mcc# j

gaci jdn}| j Kjimommvmt ae |bm \bap Mekcjelpmtamp% [bj| {m }pml |n ln inp|cq gnt

\bap Mekcjel{jp |n kn }v |n Ije`bmp|mt# `}| |bmi ae |bm `}||aek tnnip |bmtm# jel

`nim bnim gnt |bm {mmomel% Pn {m kn| |n oen{ jcc |bmpm vmnvcm pnim ng {bni jtm

p|acc iq gtamelp% A| {jp j wmtq ta`b inime|# jcc |bm `tmj|awm vmnvcm pmmiml |n bjwm`nektmkj|ml j| Ktjejlj# vjt|cq dm`j}pm ng Dmtep|mae jel Gntijep j||a|}lm |n |baekp%

Ap a| vnppadcm gnt qn} |n kmemtjcapm ne |bm latm`|nt.mla|nt tmcj|anepbav {bme qn} {mtm

{ntoaek ne |bnpm Ktjejlj vtnl}`|anep nt lal a| wjtq ktmj|cq lmvmelaek ne |bm

aelawal}jcp>

A| pnt| ng wjtaml% [m jcc |nno |bm wam{# jcinp| midjttjppaekcq pn ae tm|tnpvm`|# |bj|

mla|aek {jp |bm hnd ng |bm mla|ntp pn {m jcc |melml |n dm j da| `nòq jdn}| ijoaek p}tm

n}t A oen{ |bj| Lmeap Ia|`bmcc ne nem gaci A {ntoml ne {ba`b {jp vm`}cajtcq

lagga`}c|# bm tmj`bml |bm vnae| {bmtm bm {n}cl `jcc |bm latm`|nt ae |n lap`}pp a| {a|b

bai jel bm {n}cle| cm| im vjt|aàvj|m# vtndjdcq dm`j}pm bm |bn}kb| A {n}cl ommv

`nivcjaeaek jdn}| mwmtq|baek bm pjal% Nem cmjte| ktjl}jccq |n dm j da| intm p}d|cm%

Awm jc{jqp# {a|b nt {a|bn}| p}d|cm|q# |taml |n ijom p}tm |bm gaci {jp jp knnl jp

vnppadcm jel |bj| bjl |n imje jp knnl jp vnppadcm ae iq wam{ {ba`b lnmpe| imje

|bj| A {jp aivmtwan}p |n jeq|baek jeqdnlq mcpm iakb| pjq% Ae gj`| qn} cmjte nwmt |bm

qmjtp |n }pm `ta|aàpi `nep|t}`|awmcq% Ag |bm Mrm`}|awm Vtnl}`mt lnmpe| caom a| km||aekjektq ap |bm {tnek j`|ane% A| ijq en| dm gnt |bm tmjpnep bm bjp kawme d}| |bmtm ap

pnim|baek |bj| bm ap en| km||aek pn {bj| bjwm {m lnem {tnek |bj| bm ap tmj`|aek caom|bap% D}| ne |bnpm pnt| ng aep|je`mp |bm latm`|nt jel mla|nt {mtm ne |bm pjim palm% Ae

gj`| inp| ng |bm |aim |bm latm`|ntp jel mla|ntp {mtm ne |bm pjim palm% A bjl wmtq gm{

p|jel }v tn{p {a|b latm`|ntp dm`j}pm entijccq qn} jtm dn|b |tqaek |n ln |bm pjim

|baek# km| |bm dmp| n}| ng |bm ij|mtajc% J latm`|nt qn} lne| km| ne {a|b ijq bjwm j

laggmtme| almj jdn}| {bj| ap |bm dmp| jel |bj| latm`|nt ijq en| `nim djò |n qn} emr||aim% D}| |bm nemp |bj| ln `nim djò |n qn} emr| |aim mwme |bn}kb ijq bjwm jtk}ml

|bm |npp z}a|m j cn| jdn}| a| ndwan}pcq gmc| pj|apgaml |bj| qn}t bmjt| {jp ae |bm takb|

vcj`m {ba`b {jp ndwan}pcq |bm `jpm {a|b Hmeeaekp jel I`Jccap|mt% \bmq }pml |n bjwm

|mttadcm tn{p d}| bm jc{jqp {me| djò |n I`Jccap|mt jel I`Jccap|mt jc{jqp jktmml |n

{nto {a|b bai pn |bmq i}p| bjwm |bn}kb| |bap |aim a| {acc kn jctakb|%

Pn {bj| bjvvmeml ae |mtip ng ntkjeapj|ane ap |bj| Ktjejlj {n}cl `ne|j`| LjwalEjlme Jppnàj|mp% [m {n}cl pjq# pn jel pn ap jwjacjdcm# ap |bj| jcc takb|> Jel |bmq

{n}cl `bmò {a|b |bm latm`|nt jel pjq qmp pmel |bmi }v% \bmtm {jp pn i}`b {nto }v|bmtm |bj| vmnvcm {mtme| dmaek |nn `bnnpq% Inp| ng |bm p|}gg A lal ne [ntcl ae J`|ane

a| {jp bncaljq tmcamg%


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:7

Lal a| tmz}atm j pbag| ae qn}t |baeoaek |bj| qn} `n}cl pmm |bj| qn}t `jtmmt {n}cl dm ae|mcmwapane tj|bmt |bje ae |bm gaci ael}p|tq>

Aea|ajccq a| {jp j p}tvtapm% A |baeo |bmtm {jp h}p| tmcamg |bj| |bmtm {jp j pn}t`m ng {nto

dm`j}pm {bme {m p|jt|ml {m jpp}iml |bj| n}t {nto {n}cl dm `}||aek |baekp gnt

Nrgji# {ba`b A lal# ca||cm ael}p|tajc ln`p# |bj| ap {bj| {m |bn}kb| {n}cl dm n}t g}|}tm%A| {jp j tmcamg |n gael |bj| |bmtm {n}cl dm tj|bmt intm mrà|aek p|}gg |n dm lnem% A {jp

c}òq |n vaò }v pnim ng |bm wmtq knnl [ntcl ae J`|anep% A lal |bm nem ne |bm lmj|b ng

@bm K}mwjtj% A oem{ Dtaje Inpmt dm`j}pm A bjl lnem pnim|baek {jq djò {a|b bai

jel Lmttaò Oeakb|% A `je| tmimidmt {bq |bm nggaàjc [ntcl ae J`|ane mla|nt {jpe|

jwjacjdcm |bj| {mmo d}| |bmtm i}p| bjwm dmme pnim tmjpne jel Dtaje pjal km| bncl ng

Lja |n ln a|%

Lal qn} bjwm j pmepm j| |bj| |aim |bj| qn} {mtm aewncwml ae j |mcmwapane pmtamp |bj|

{jp knaek |n dm tmimidmtml>

Nb qmp# mwmtqdnlq lal% Mwmtqdnlq lal% A| {jp jijxaek# qn} bjl vmnvcm |bmtm# |bmq jccbj|ml mj`b n|bmtp k}|p# d}| {bme a| `jim |n |bm hnd |bmtm {jp z}a|m j tmijtojdcm

mpvta| l`ntvp jdn}| |bj| vcj`m%

Qn} {ntoml ne \bm Lminep|tj|ane# |bm [ntcl ae J`|ane vtnktjiim ne |bm

Ktnpwment Pz}jtm je|a)Wam|eji vtn|mp|% Lal qn} gmmc {ntoaek ne |bj| |bm vtnktjiim

{jp dtmjoaek em{ ktn}el ae |mcmwap}jc cjek}jkm>

A lne| oen{ |bj| {m {n}cl z}a|m bjwm pjal |bj| d}| {m {mtm `nep|je|cq cnnoaek gnt

em{ {jqp |n ln |baekp% Jel |bm ijejkmime| |n dm gjat {mtm ne n}t palm# |bmq {je|ml

a| |nn% \bmtm {jp j wmtq p|tjekm gmmcaek ae Ktjejlj% A lne| oen{ {bm|bmt qn} oen{

|bap d}| Palemq Dmtep|mae bjl aepap|ml |bj| mwmtq tnni ae Ktjejlj pbn}cl bjwm j

vnt|tja| ng Djte}i |n tmiael }p ng {bj| {m {mtm tmjccq jdn}|% Qm| ae pva|m ng |bj| bm

jel @màc |nn A p}vvnpm# A lne| oen{ pn i}`b jdn}| bai# jel Lmeap Gntije

`mt|jaecq# jel dq `bnnpaek Lmeap Gntije jp qn}t ijejkaek latm`|nt# |bmq {mtmbnvaek |bj| mrvmtaime|jc# A bj|m |bm {ntl d}| qn} oen{ {bj| A imje# aijkaej|awm

gaciijoaek iakb| j`|}jccq dm vnv}cjt% \bmq lale| pmm jeq `ne|tjla`|ane dm|{mmeLmeap Ia|`bmcc lnaek \bap Mekcjel% \bm almj |bj| qn} pbn}cl dm ktn}eldtmjoaek {jp

`nepalmtml j knnl |baek? |bmq {mtm ae gjwn}t ng a|% Pn |bmq {mtm j p|tjekm d}e`b# jel A

|baeo jc|bn}kb {m lale| tmjcapm a| j| |bm |aim# p|tjekm ae j {jq |bj| n|bmt |mcmwapane

p|j|anep {mtme|% \bm DD@ {mtm vtm||q knnl j| |bj| |aim% B}{ [mclne {jp j knnl

vmtpne |n lmjc {a|b% Lmeap Gntije `n}cl `nim n}| {a|b |bm {aclmp| `ta|aàpip jelp}kkmp|anep jel pn `n}cl B}{ [mclne d}| qn} {mtm emwmt emtwn}p ng knaek ae|n j

wam{aek {a|b |bmi dm`j}pm qn} oem{ |bmq {n}cl pjq pnim|baek p|ai}cj|aek% Ag

pnim|baek {ntoml |bmq {n}cl jòen{cmlkm a| jel qn} cmjte| ae |aim qn} lale| bjwm

|n ln {bj| |bmq p}kkmp|ml# jp cnek jp a| {ntoml |bmq {n}cl d}q a|% \bmq {mtm knnl

vmnvcm |n bjwm ae |bnpm vnpa|anep%

Jel ag |bmq `jim }v {a|b pnim|baek {a|b {ba`b qn} lapjktmml {n}cl qn} gmmc`nignt|jdcm ae `bjccmekaek a|>

Qn} {n}cl `bjccmekm a| jeq{jq d}| qn} {n}cl vtndjdcq dm |ncl |n kn j{jq jel ijom

|bm dcnnlq gaci {nto# {ba`b j`|}jccq ap gaem% Awm emwmt gn}el iqpmcg ae j pa|}j|ane


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:;

{bmtm qn} kn djò jel |bmq pjq# d}| qn} bjwme| lnem {bj| {m pjal# nt a| p|acc lnmpe|{nto% \bmq {n}cl pmm a| jkjae jel pjq qmjb# |bj| ap dm||mt%

@niaek ne |n Lapjvvmjtaek [ntcl qn} {tn|m ae |bm ae|tnl}`|ane |n |bm mppjqp ae Gnt

Ln`}ime|jtq |bj| i}`b ng |bm |baeoaek |bj| {me| ae|n |bm mppjqp ae |bj| dnno `jim

n}| ng |bm {nto qn} lal ne |bj| vtnktjiim%

Al gntkn||me A pjal |bj| d}| A p}vvnpm a| ap |t}m# qmp jel n|bmtp% \bj| {jp nem ng |bm

mjtcamp| vcj`mp {bmtm |bm almj ng gnccn{aek pvne|jemn}p j`|ane {jp `me|tjc |n a|% A|

{jpe| |bm necq |baek dm`j}pm Tnkmt Ktjmg bjl lnem |baekp jp {mcc# A `}| pnim ng

|bmi% D}| nem gntkm|p ae |bm ljqp dmgntmLapjvvmjtaek [ntclgacip jdn}| n|bmt

`}c|}tmp bjl `nepap|ml ng i}|m pbn|p {a|b j `niime|jtq |mccaek qn} {bj| |bmq {mtm

|baeoaek%Lapjvvmjtaek [ntclA |baeo# nt a| `mt|jaecq {n}cl bjwm ijlm |bj| `cjai# {jp

|bm gatp| pmtan}p j||miv| |n cap|me |n {bj| |bm p}dhm`| vmnvcm {je|ml |n pjq |n qn}# jpo

|bmi {bj| |bmq |bn}kb| jdn}| cagm% Pn qn} kn| z}a|m j laggmtme| pcje| ne |baekp% \bj|{bncm almj |bj| je ae|mtwam{ ape| mrj`|cq je ndpmtwj|anejc |m`beaz}m ae |bm {almt

pmepm d}| ae jen|bmt pmepm a| ap dm`j}pm qn} jtm cm||aek |bm p}dhm`| lm|mtiaem |bm`ne|me| |n pnim mr|me|% AeLapjvvmjtaek [ntclqn} bjl |bm imlaj|aek gak}tm jc{jqp

ng |bm je|btnvncnkap| {bn oem{ en| necq |bm `}c|}tm d}| jcpn |bnpm aelawal}jc vmnvcmjel |bmq bjl cawml {a|b |bmi% Pn a| {jp j wmtq laggmtme| gmmcaek gtni# pjq# [ntcl ae

J`|ane {bmtm |bmq {n}cl pjq# {m km| ngg |bm vcjem jel pbnn|# j pnt| ng k}ek bn#

hn}tejcap|a` |baek {ba`b {jp j pcakb|cq emkj|awm palm ng |bm [ntcl ae J`|ane m|bnp#

{bmtmjp {a|bLapjvvmjtaek [ntcl|bmq {n}cl p|jq gnt z}a|m j {bacm {a|bn}| pbnn|aek%

Ng `n}tpm qn} `n}cle| ln |bj| z}a|m |n |bm mr|me| ae |mcmwapane |bj| vmnvcm caom Ljwal

jel H}la|b Ij`Ln}kjcc lal dm`j}pm endnlq `jtml bn{ cnek |bmq pvme| {a|bn}|

pbnn|aek% D}| bjwaek |bm je|btnvncnkap| |bmtm pncwml |bj| vtndcmi# jel ag |bmtm {jp

pnim|baek qn} pbn}cle| ln gnt wjtan}p `}c|}tjc tmjpnep# {ba`b qn} {mtm }ej{jtm ng#

|bm je|btnvncnkap| {n}cl pjq lne| ln |bj|%

Ne |bm gatp| |{n Ijjpja gacip Imcappj _Ccm{mcqe LjwampY {jp |bm je|btnvncnkap| jel

@btap @}tcaek {jp |bm latm`|nt |bme pbm ktjl}jccq# {a|b pnim lagga`}c|q# kn| bmtpmcgae|n |bm vnpa|ane ng dmaek |bm latm`|nt% Gatp| pbm {jp |bm je|btnvncnkap| |bme pbm hnaeml

|bm |mji jp tmpmjt`bmt% D}| |bme a| {jp qn}tm en| j latm`|nt# qn} `je| latm`| j gaci%Pn pbm ijejkml |n pm| }v |bap |baek |bj| necq j {nije `n}cl ln# aepalm |bm {nimep

z}jt|mtp {a|b ijttaml {nime ae Ijttjom`b jel pbm bjl |n km| je jcc {nije `tm{%

Pbm ijejkml |n gael j `jimtj{nije jel nem pn}el tm`ntlap|% Pbm bjl |n dnttn{ j

{nije pvjtop gtni \bjimp A |baeo dm`j}pm |bmtm {mtm pn gm{ {nime mcm`|taàjep

jtn}el% Pn pbm bjl j `nivcm|mcq gmijcm `tm{ jel pbm `bnpm im jp |bm mla|nt dm`j}pmAl dmme {ntoaek ne |bm n|bmt |{n Ijjpja gacip%

H}p| mcjdntj|aek ne |bj| |bmim pnim|baek qn} lap`}pp dtamgcq ae Vnt|tja|# qn} pjq

pnim|baek jcnek |bm caemp ng qn}t jvvtmàj|ane ng kmelmt vnca|a`p {jp j``me|}j|ml dq

{ntoaek jp je mla|nt% @je qn} mcjdntj|m ne |bj|>

[mcc qmp |bmtm ap pnim|baek gmiaeaem ae p|j|}p% Qn}wm kn| |n dm j ca||cm da| lmwan}pjdn}| bn{ qn} km| qn}t {jq% Jel qn} bjwm j pnt| ng mz}jca|q {ba`b ape| z}a|m je

mz}jca|q% \bmtm ap j g}eeq pnt| ng tmcj|anepbav dm|{mme j latm`|nt jel je mla|nt%Je|btnvncnkap|p tmgmt |n j hnoaek tmcj|anepbav# A lne| oen{ ag qn} oen{ |bj| vbtjpm% A|

ap {bme |bm t}cmp ng qn}t pnàm|q lm|mtiaem |bj| A ji p}vmtant |n qn} dm`j}pm ng R# Qjel X d}| qn} jtm p}vmtant |n im dm`j}pm ng J# D jel @# jel |bmtm ap j `negca`|# pn qn}


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:2

ijom hnomp% \bj| ap wmtq i}`b |bm tmcj|anepbav ae |bm `}||aek tnni8 |bm latm`|nt apgntijccq |bm t}caek vjt|q d}| ne |bm n|bmt bjel |bmq jtm ae qn}t tnni }paek qn}t

mz}avime| pn qn} bjwm j `mt|jae p|j|}p jel a| ap qn}t poacc% A |baeo je|btnvncnkap|piakb| jktmm |bj| a| ap j hnoaek tmcj|anepbav dm|{mme j latm`|nt jel je mla|nt# {ba`b a| |n

pnim mr|me| ap dm|{mme j b}pdjel jel j {agm%

A| ijq dm p|tm|`baek |bm jejcnkq |nn gjt d}| |bmtm ap jcpn |bj| app}m ng lnimp|a` pvj`m

jel |bm {almt {ntcl dm`j}pm |bm mla|nt ap vtaijtacq aepalm jel |bm latm`|nt ap |bm nem

{bn knmp n}|%

Qmp |bj|p |t}m% [bj| ap jcpn ae|mtmp|aek# Omwae Ij`Lnejcl {tn|m j dnno jdn}| bap

ktjelgj|bmt Mimta` Vtmppd}tkmt% A |baeo bm {jp |jcoaek jdn}| Vtmppd}tkmt nt mcpm

z}n|aek pnim|baek Vtmppd}tkmt pjal% Bm pjal |bm {ta|mt ap ae |bm pjim tmcj|anepbav |n

|bm latm`|nt# |bap gmiaeaem tmcj|anepbav% [bme A im| Omwae Ij`Lnejcl a| bjvvmeml

|bj| Al h}p| tmjl |bj| dnno jel A ime|aneml |bj| jel bm pjal Awm h}p| tmjl Vnt|tja| ngje Aewapadcm Ije jel A {jp p|t}ò dq |bm paiacjta|q jp {mcc%

Gnccn{aek |bj| caem ng |bn}kb| {mtm |bmtm vjt|a`}cjt `nivcmra|amp aewncwml ae mla|aek

ij|mtajc gtni pnàm|amp {bnpm `}c|}tjc `nlmp {mtme| gjiacajt |n qn}>

\bmtm {mtm |aimp {bme a| {jp |taòq% A |baeo A ime|ane |bap ae nem ng |bm vam`mp _ae

Gnt Ln`}ime|jtqY jdn}| |bm \}jtmk |bm {jq |bmq cag| |bm wmac `jttamp j b}km

pakeaga`je`m% Jp je mla|nt qn} |baeo bm ap h}p| |tqaek |n ommv |bm pjel n}| ng bap enpm%

\bmtm jtm lmktmmp ng p}d|cm|q ae |bm pnàjc ae|mtj`|anep jel {a|bn}| |bm je|btnvncnkap|

|bmtm A {n}cle| bjwm oen{e jel bm {jp jdcm |n pjq# vmtbjvp qn} pbn}cl bjwm bai

tjapaek |bm wmac j| |bap vnae|% A bjl |n tmcq ne |bm mrvmt|apm% Jel ae wjtan}p n|bmt |baekp#

pnim|aimp |bmtm {n}cl dm pnim|baek |bj| {n}cle| cnno vjt|a`}cjtcq pakeaga`je| |n im

d}| |bm je|btnvncnkap| nt |bm latm`|nt {bnl jctmjlq aidadml |bm aegntij|ane {n}cl

pjq j`|}jccq |bj| lnmp ij||mt# {mwm kn| |n |tq jel km| |bj| ae% Pn qn} bjwm |n gael

pnim {jq ng ijoaek a| {nto%

[bmtm |bm p|qcap|a` vtmgmtme`m {jp# pn |n pvmjo# cm| |bm p}dhm`|p pvmjo gnt |bmipmcwmp

jel jwnal mrvcjej|ntq `niime|jtq ag qn} bjwm pnim|baek p}d|cm |bj| {n}cl mjpacq dmiappml dq wam{mtp {j|`baek ae Dta|jae# bn{ ln qn} `newmq |bm pakeaga`je`m ng |bj|>

Qn} vtndjdcq `je|% A `je| tmimidmt {bm|bmt ae |bj| gaci {bm|bmt {m lal pjq

jeq|baek |n ltj{ j||me|ane |n a| nt {bm|bmt a| {jp intm |bj| {m {mtm `jtmg}c en| |n km|

a| {tnek# {ba`b ap j pcakb|cq laggmtme| |baek%

\bm vtnktjiimp jtm j pnt| ng bqdtal ng |bm ndpmtwj|anejc jel |bm mrvnpa|ntq p|qcmp%

\bj|p takb|% [m {n}cle| bjwm kn| j{jq {a|b lnaek |bm pnt| ng |baek |bj| Ljwal

Ij`Ln}kjcc {jp lnaek% G}eeacq men}kb Al h}p| pmmeCntjekp [jq {bme {m {mtm

`}||aek nem ng |bmLapjvvmjtaek [ntclp% Hmtmiq [jccaek|ne {jp |bm Mrm`}|awm

Vtnl}`mt j| |bj| vnae| jel A pjal |n Hmtmiq# Awm h}p| pmme |bap {nelmtg}c gaci# {mpbn}cl dm lnaek pnim|baek caom |bap neLapjvvmjtaek [ntcl% Bm kjwm im |bap g}eeq

cnno jel pjal# qn} `n}cl emwmt km| j{jq |bj|# qn} {n}cl emwmt dm jccn{ml |n ln |bj|ne |mcmwapane% A |bn}kb|# va|q# d}| A |taml% D}| |bme qmjtp cj|mt {bme A im| Ljwal bm

bjvvmeml |n tmijto# A ne`m pme| nem ng iq gacip |n Hmtmiq [jccaek|ne |n pmm ag bm


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{jp ae|mtmp|ml gntLapjvvmjtaek [ntcl% A tmjcapml |bj| |bm g}eeq cnno bm kjwm im {jpdm`j}pm bm |bn}kb| A oem{ {ba`b A lale|%

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gn}kb| da||mtcq |bj| qn} lale| emml a|%

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tmjccq nt ag |bmtm {jp a| {jp ae vjvmtp A lale| tmjl%

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jel Hmtmiq Apjj`p g}cgaccml |bj| dtamg% Bm kn| j cn| ng p|aò gnt v}||aek n}| p|}gg |bj|

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pijcc vtawacmkml ktn}v% D}| en{ ag qn} {je| |n pbn{ knnl p|}gg |n j ijpp j}lame`m|bj| ap `jccml mca|api# d}| |bj| ap en| {bj| |bm {ntl imjep% \bm dmkaeeaek ng @bjeemc

Qmp# d}| a| ap ae j wmtq caia|ml gntij|% [a|b |bm mr`mv|ane ng |bm `}ttme| jggjatp nempcaom ]etmvnt|ml [ntcljelLapvj|`bmp {ba`b jtm lnaek j |mttaga` hnd ae hn}tejcap|a`

|mtip {bacp| j| |bm pjim |aim dmaek ng|me z}a|m aijkaej|awmcq p|t}`|}tml# ae |mtip ngjeq n|bmt ln`}ime|jtq# }ecmpp A ji nwmtcnnoaek pnim|baek# jcc qn} bjwm tmjccq kn|


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jtm mrvmt|p |jcoaek |n qn} jdn}| pnim|baek# jt`bjmncnkq# pàme`m# |bm jt|p# {ba`b jtmpnim|aimp wmtq knnl% Pnim|aimp {bj| |bmpm vmnvcm jtm pjqaek ap mr|tmimcq

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Ij`Ln}kjcc%

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v}||aek |bn}kb|p ae|n bmt bmjl d}| A |baeo pbm gmc| {bj| ap je mrvcjej|ane# {bj| ln qn}

imje dq mrvcjae> \bj| ap {bj| |bmq ln% Jel A {jp tmiaelml ng {bme A {jp j `bacl {m

cawml ae Cnelne jel iq in|bmtp gjiacq cawml ae Qntopbatm jel pbm bjl pmwmtjc

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n|bmt> Jel iq ljl {n}cl pjq qmp |bj| ap {bq |bmq jtm `tqaek% Jel A bjl |n cmjte |n

km| }pml |n |bj| jel A pnt| ng |bn}kb| |bj| ag {m h}p| pbn{ |bap gaci jp a| ap jel |bme

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bjwm `tmj|ml j pa|}j|ane pn |bj|# jp {a|b iq j}e|amp {bme |bmq im|# qn} pnt| ng |jom a|

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ap `jttaml dq |bm lajcnk}m%

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laka|jc ae ene)ga`|ane {nto# jtm |bmtm aep|je`mp {bmtm |bmtm jtm cmka|aij|m }pmp ng a|> A

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dmaek tmjca|q% A bjwm en|baek jkjaep| |bj|% A ijlm |bnpm `niime|p ae Gtni \nljq#

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ng |t}p| ae pnim p|tjekm {jq bjp i}|j|ml ae|n |bm ga`|ane jtmj% Ga`|ane gacip jc{jqp}pml |n ijom ktmj| j||miv|p |n cnno caom ln`}ime|jtamp% \bmq jc{jqp }pml

ln`}ime|jtq p|qcmp |n pjq# |bap ap tmjc# mwme |bn}kb qn} oen{ a| ape| tmjc# |n mebje`mqn}t p}pvmepane ng lapdmcamg% \bj| pmmip |n bjwm {mjomeml {bmtmjp ln`}ime|jtq


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pmmip |n bjwm l}òml }elmt |bm djt ae pnim {jq% Dq }paek |bm tn}kb jel tmjlq|m`beaz}mp |bmq jtm ijejkaek |n pjq |bap ape| j kaiiaò% Ndwan}pcq# a| tmijaep qn}t

tmpvnepadaca|q |n pjq# {mcc Ai knaek |n tmjl |bj| jp j ln`}ime|jtq# {ba`b ae iq wam{ap {bj| lmgaemp j ln`}ime|jtq# a| ap bn{ qn} tmjl a|% Jel qn} `je ng `n}tpm dm iapcml

d}| |bj| {jp jc{jqp |bm `jpm% D}| ae ga`|ane gaci qn} bjwm kn| pn gjt j{jq# vjt|cq

dm`j}pm intm kaiiaòtq ap }pml ae ga`|ane gacip# jel jp qn} pjq {bme a| ap }pml aeln`}ime|jtq a| ap pn ndwan}p% Je mrjivcm {n}cl dm {bme A |baeo djò neCntl ng |bm

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|bm gtjiaek ng j wmtq {mcc lnem ktjvba` enwmc% Pn ae j {jq |bm almj ng j gaci bjp

dm`nim cnp|# a| ap jp ag tmjc cagm bjp dm`nim |bm mz}awjcme| ng jeaij|ane tj|bmt |bje

jeaij|ane |tqaek |n `nvq tmjc cagm% A lne| oen{ ijqdm |bj| lnmpe| vtnwm jeq|baek d}|

A lal gael iqpmcg nem ljq |baeoaek |bj| a| bjp knem |bm nvvnpa|m {jq |n {bj| A {jp

mrvm`|aek% D}| A |baeo |bmtm ap je }elmtcqaek cnpp ng |t}p| ae |bm vbn|nktjvb {ba`b j cn|ng vmnvcm |baeo knnl tallje`m |n a| dm`j}pm a| {jp jc{jqp iapk}alml |t}p| jeq{jq%

D}| |bj| tmijto |bj| qn} z}n|m jd}| |bm ljqp ng bnvm bjwaek knem _Gtni \nljq#@aemij ap Lmjl# aeGnt Ln`}ime|jtq# v%:14Y# |bj| {jp j da| ng j |btn{ j{jq tmijto

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ijeav}cj|anep jp j wam{mt ng |bnpm aijkmp qn} `n}cl `tmj|m pnim|baek {ba`b {jp

imjeaekg}c jp j tmgcm`|ane ne |bm tmjc {ntcl jel |bmtmgntm ae j pmepm |bj| |bm tmjc

{ntcl dm`jim ijccmjdcm jel `jvjdcm ng `bjekm# |bj| {bncm iael pm| pmmip |n bjwm

dmme p}d|cq }elmt`}|% A lne| oen{ A `n}cl dm {tnek%

[bj| vnpa|anep lal qn} gmmc qn}tpmcg |n dm {ta|aek jkjaep|> [bn {mtm qn} {ta|aek

jkjaep|>

A |baeo ne |bm {bncm A {jp {ta|aek jkjaep| j pm| ng jpp}iv|anep |bj| A `n}cle| vae

ln{e |n vjt|a`}cjt aelawal}jcp d}| |bj| |bmtm ap en tmjc laggmtme`m dm|{mmeln`}ime|jtq jel ga`|ane dm`j}pm dn|b jtm ejttj|awm gntip# dn|b jtm }paek aijkmtq#

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|bn}kb| ap |bap {bncm vtnhm`| j {jp|m ng |aim% A lne| |baeo a| {jp nt ap j {jp|m ng |aim

d}| v}tp}aek |bm cnka` ng pnim ng |bnpm {ta|mtp# jel jkjae A `je| kawm qn} ejimp d}|

Awm `nim j`tnpp |bj| j||a|}lm ijeq# ijeq |aimp# {n}cl j`|}jccq imje |bmtm {jp en

vnae| ae ijoaek ln`}ime|jtamp nt# |n v}| a| jen|bmt {jq# |bj| jeq ln`}ime|jtqtmjlaek ng |bnpm gacip {n}cl dm aewjcal jel |bmtmgntm {bj| ap |bm vnae| ae |tqaek |n

mcaà| a| ag ap knaek |n dm aewjcal% Ln`}ime|jtq ap j la`mq pnt| ng imla}i% A| jc{jqp

{jp# d}| a| lal `jcc gnt|b j ktmj| lmjc ng vjppane jel cnqjc|q gtni vmnvcm caom im#

P|m{jt| I`Jccap|mt# n|bmtp% Pnim|aimp A gmmc |bm {jq pnim ng iq `nii}eap| gtamelp

gmc| jg|mt |bm Pnwam| ]eane `nccjvpml# {bj| bjp iq cagm dmme jdn}|> \bm n|bmt palm ng

|bm |baek jdn}| laka|jc |m`bencnkq ap {bj| a| lnmp |n |bm vtn`mpp jp {mcc jp |bm tmp}c|%

Nem paivcm |baek {n}cl dm |bmtm ap en g}e`|ane gnt je jppap|je|# pn qn} lne| bjwm jejppap|je| jel endnlq cmjtep |n mla| dq |bm pnt| ng jvvtme|a`mpbav inlmc ng pmmaek bn{

pnimdnlq mcpm lnmp a|%

Jen|bmt |baek |bj| j cn| ng mla|ntp pjq ap |bj| {a|b |bm nclmt |m`bencnkq qn} ijom j`}|# a| ijq dm tmwapml# qn} ijq kn ne jel tm`}| |bm ij|mtajc# d}| mj`b `}| ap j lmgaea|m


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`niia|ime| jel a| tmz}atmp je aewmp|ime| ng cjdn}t d}| {a|b laka|jc |m`bencnkq# a| api}`b intm gc}al# qn} `je vcjq jtn}el {a|b a| gntmwmt jel ijeq intm vmnvcm `je

ae|mtwmem%

[mcc |bj| ap |bm {ntp| |baek% A }elmtp|jel me|atmcq |bj| gmmcaek jel A tmimidmt pa||aek

j| iq Jwal# {bme A bjl lnem |{n nt |btmm gacip ne |bm Jwal# {a|b j gaci {bmtm |bmp|t}`|}tm pmmiml {tnek jel |baeoaek ag necq A `n}cl {ael |bnpm ngg ne|n pmvjtj|m

dnddaep caom A {n}cl v}| |bmi ne |bm P|mmedmò% Jel |bm vmtpne A {jp |jcoaek |n pjal

qn} `je# qn} `je ln a| mcm`|tnea`jccq% Jel ng `n}tpm bm {jp takb| jel A bjl |bj| pjim

pnt| ng gmmcaek {bme A inwml gtni j ije}jc |qvm{ta|mt |n j {ntl vtn`mppnt d}| A

{n}cle| kn djò |n j ije}jc |qvm{ta|mt en{% [bm|bmt A {n}cl kn djò |n j `}||aek

gaci# A lne| oen{% A |baeo A {n}cl dm`nim gt}p|tj|ml {a|b |bm pcn{empp ng a|%

A |baeo laka|jc |m`bencnkq {n}cl dm {nelmtg}c ag a| {jpe| gnt n|bmt vmnvcm% Gatp| ng jcc

|bm mrm`}|awmp oen{ |bj| qn} `je ln pnim|baek bjcg jp z}aòcq pn |bmq kawm qn} bjcg|bm |aim# pn qn} lne| tmjccq bjwm |aim |n |baeo jdn}| a|% \bmtm {jp nem |baek A `}|

{ba`b {jp j wmtq `nivcmr gaci aewncwaek vcjqdjò i}paàjep# j gaci jdn}|Imelmcpnbe gnt Kmtije |mcmwapane jel a| {jp pmwme|q iae}|mp cnek jel {m bjl |btmm

{mmop |n `}| a| jel c}òacq A {jp {ntoaek {a|b j latm`|nt {bn oem{ wmtq {mcc {bj| bm{jp lnaek jel bm kjwm im |bm p|t}`|}tm dmgntm A p|jt|ml mla|aek# {ba`b {ntoml# pn {m

bjl enem ng |bm |baek ng# iq Knl# inwaek |baekp jtn}el# bap p|t}`|}tm {ntoml% [m

ndwan}pcq ijlm pnim `bjekmp |n a| jel bjl lap`}ppanep jdn}| laggmtme| vjt|p ng a| d}|

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mel |{a`m jel A |bn}kb| |bj| ap en| men}kb% [m jtm c}òq a| {ntoml d}| |btmm {mmop ap

en |aim |n p|t}kkcm {a|b |tqaek |n vnp|)pqe`b p|}gg%

\bm n|bmt |baek |bj| mla|ntp pjq ap |bj| {bme qn} ijom ije}jc `}|p a| kawmp qn} {bj|

|bmq `jcc |baeoaek |aim% [bme qn} aep|je|cq `bjekm |baekp j| |bm |n}`b ng j d}||ne qn}

lne| bjwm |bm |aim |n tmgcm`|%

Jel jcpn {a|b j P|mmedmò qn} wam{ml a| jel |n km| djò |n |bm p|jt| qn} bjl |ntm{ael% Pn qn}l tm{ael a| gjp| d}| qn} {n}cl ommv qn}t mqm ne a| jel qn}l pmm

pnim|baek ba``}v jel qn}l |baeo# |bmtmp pnim|baek {tnek |bmtm% Jel emr| |aim|btn}kb qn} {n}cl cnno `jtmg}ccq jel p}tm men}kb |bmtm {jp pnim|baek |bj| tjapml j

`mt|jae lap`nignt|% Jel qn} {n}cle| bjwm pvn||ml |bj| knaek j| entijc pvmml% A| ap

caom j vjae|mt cnnoaek j| bap {nto ae |bm iattnt |n `bmò |bm `nivnpa|ane% \bm n|bmt

|baek ap |bj| a| kawmp n|bmt vmnvcm j `bje`m |n ae|mtwmem% A tmimidmt nem gaci {m {mtm

{ntoaek ne {m bjl j tj|bmt lmepm `niiappaneaek mla|nt {bn tmkjtlml bmt n{eh}lkmime| jp dmaek lawaem% [m pbn{ml bmt j tn}kb `}| jel pbm p|jt|ml pjqaek {bq

lne| qn} ln R# Q jel X% \bm latm`|nt jel A {mtm km||aek z}a|m dncpbq% \bme pbm ijlm

nem p}kkmp|ane ng p{jvvaek |{n pmz}me`mp jtn}el jel A |bn}kb| |bj| pn}elp jctakb|#

ijqdm pbm ap takb| jdn}| |bj|# cm|p |tq a|% Pn {m |taml a| jel a| cnnoml jctakb|% Jg|mt

pbml knem {m tje |bm gaci |btn}kb gtni |bm p|jt| jel |bj| `bjekm bjl `nivcm|mcq

d}kkmtml }v {bj| gnccn{ml jel {m |bme bjl |n gael jen|bmt pnc}|ane% [m `n}cle|

`bjekm a| djò jg|mt {m bjl lnem a| j| bmt aepap|me`m% Jel |bj| ap |bm pnt| ng enepmepm|bj| bjvvmep% \bmq oen{ |bj| qn} `je ln a| {bacm |bmq pa| jel {j|`b qn}% A bj|ml

dmaek {j|`bml% Ae |bm ljqp ng `}||aek ne gaci Al jc{jqp |mcc |bm latm`|ntp |n {ja| }e|acAl lnem |bm tn}kb `}|% A lale| {je| jeqdnlq cmjeaek nwmt im {bmtm A {jp h}p|

`niaek |n |mtip {a|b |bm ij|mtajc% Jg|mt |bj| |bmq {mtm {mc`nim |n |tq jeq `bjekmp|bmq {je|ml |n |tq d}| A caoml |n km| iq bmjl jtn}el |bm ij|mtajc iqpmcg {a|bn}|


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jeqdnlq mcpm dmaek |bmtm% Jel A lale| caom bjwaek |n wam{ a| }e|ac Al gaeapbml |bm gatp|`}|%

Lal qn} bjwm j vtmgmtme`m gnt dmaek ne cn`j|ane l}taek |bm pbnn|> Pnim mla|ntp gmmc

|bj| ap bmcvg}c jel n|bmtp lne| {je| |n pmm |bm ij|mtajc }e|ac a| ap gaciml%

Jdpnc}|mcq A dmcamwm wmtq i}`b |bj| iq hnd ap |n tmpvnel |n {bj| ap ne |bm p`tmme en|

|n {bj| j`|}jccq bjvvmeml% Jel |bmtm ap j wmtq knnl mrjivcm ng |bj| ne nem ng |bm

Lapjvvmjtaek [ntclp# |bm gatp| nem {m `}|# @}awj% \bmtm {jp j pbn| {bmtm |bmq {mtm

bmtlaek pnim `j||cm nwmt j tawmt jel {m cnnoml j| |bm t}pbmp jel |bmq {mtm j da|

imppq d}| |bj| {jp gaem% A {jp ime|jccq |baeoaek jdn}| bn{ a| {n}cl kn% J| |bm mel ng

|bm pmz}me`m Dtaje Inpmt pjal# {mcc# {m `je h}eo |bj| cn| `je| {m> A pjal# {bq# {bj|

ap qn}t ndhm`|ane |n |bj|> Bm pjal# {mcc |bmq lale| kn# lal |bmq> \bm `j||cm kn| ae|n |bm

{j|mt haddml jel |}teml tn}el jel {me| djò jkjae% A pjal# A lale| tmjcapm |bj|# jel

|bm tmjpne A lale| tmjcapm ap |bj| |bm `jimtjije ma|bmt oen{aekcq# {ba`b ap j da|ln}d|g}c }elmt |bm àt`}ip|je`mp {a|b bn{ `bjn|a` a| {jp# nt dq pbmmt gc}om bjl knem

tn}el |n |bm n|bmt palm ng |bm `j||cm pn |bmq p|acc pmmiml |n dm knaek |bm pjimlatm`|ane% A pjal a| ap vmtgm`|cq vnppadcm |n ijom |bj| pbn| {nto% A| {acc dm `bmj|aek# |bm

`j||cm {acc jvvmjt |n dm knaek djò }v |bm n|bmt djeo# d}| {m }pml a|% Ag A bjl dmme|bmtm ne cn`j|ane A {n}cle| bjwm oen{e |bj| |bj| {jp knaek |n {nto%

Gnt Ln`}ime|jtq jwnalp je mrvcaà| lajcnk}m {a|b j`jlmia` |bmntap|p ng ln`}ime|jtq

ln qn} gael wjc}m ae |bm j`jlmia` |bmntapj|ane ng |bm p}dhm`|>

Nb qmp A ln% A| ap h}p| |bj| |bm {jq A jvvtnj`b {ta|aek jdn}| ln`}ime|jtq |bm p|jt|aek

vnae| ap iq n{e mrvmtame`m% Ae j {jq A {n}cl `nim djò |n |bm inlmc ng Hnbe

Dmtkmt? bm lnmpe| tmjccq tmgmt i}`b |n n|bmt vmnvcmp {nto% A oen{ |bj| ae je

j`jlmia` `ne|mr| a| ap ndwan}pcq |bm lnem |baek |n p}iijtapm n|bmt vmnvcmp wam{p

dmgntm qn} vtmpme| qn}t n{e# vmtbjvp |n lapp |bmi nt en| d}| |bj| {jp emwmt |bm

v}tvnpm% A {jpe| me|mtaek ae|n j lap`}ppane ng |bj| pnt| dm`j}pm A {jpe| jpp}iaek j

tmjlmtpbav {bn {n}cl em`mppjtacq bjwm tmjl n|bmt {ta|mtp% A| ijq dm |bj| dq en| lnaek|bj| Awm iappml n}| ne pnim `bje`mp |n ijom ae|mtmp|aek vnae|p# {mcc# pn dm a|# |bj| ap

|bm p|}gg A {ta|m%

[bn ln qn} aijkaem jp qn}t tmjlmtpbav>

Jeqdnlq {bn caomp {bj| A {ta|m% A lne| p|jt| {a|b j |jtkm| j}lame`m ae iael gnt |bj|

nt ga`|ane nt jeq|baek# h}p| je ae|mccakme| cjqvmtpne%

Jtm qn} bnvaek |bj| qn} iakb| dm pvmjoaek |n n|bmt gaciijomtp>

Nb qmp A {n}cl caom |n |baeo |bj| vmnvcm ae |bm d}paempp {n}cl dm ae|mtmp|ml ae {bj|

Awm pjal# jel |n j cjtkm mr|me| |bmq bjwm dmme% Awm bjl pnim knnl gmmldjò#

mpvmàjccq gntVnt|tja| ng je Aewapadcm Ije% A lne| bjwm jeq vtnng ng |bm tmjlmtpbav ng

|bnpm dnnop d}| A p}pvm`| |bj| |bmq jtm vmnvcm {bn bjwm j vtant ae|mtmp| aeln`}ime|jtq% Ai jcpn pcakb|cq pjllmeml |bj| |bmtm ap |bap `ntlne pjea|jatm dm|{mme

{bj| Awm {ta||me jdn}| gaci jel iq ga`|ane% \bmtm ap je nwmtcjv8Inta|}t{jp jdn}| jgaci mla|nt pn qn} `n}cl pjq |bj| ap j `ne|tad}|ane |n gaci mla|aek m|ba`p%


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[ta|aek ga`|ane jel vnm|tq ap qn} jel en nem mcpm {bmtmjp qn}t {nto jp je mla|nt apjc{jqp ae j `nccjdntj|awm `ne|mr|% Bn{ ln |bnpm |{n inlmp ng `tmj|awa|q ga| |nkm|bmt

gnt qn} vmtpnejccq>

G}eeacq men}kb |bj| bjp emwmt vtmpme|ml a|pmcg jp j vtndcmi% A lne| oen{ |n {bj|

mr|me| iq mla|aek mrvmtame`m bjp aegntiml |bm {jq A {ta|m ga`|ane% A| {n}cl dmmr|tjntlaejtq ag a| lale| jg|mt A bjl dmme lnaek a| gnt gnt|q qmjtp% \bmtm i}p| dm

pnim|baek {atml ae|n iq dtjae |bj| pjqp |bj| ap bn{ qn} v}| |baekp |nkm|bmt% Jel |bm

gj`| |bj| a| ap en| `nccjdntj|awm ap cmpp ng j lap|ae`|ane |bje a| jvvmjtp |n dm dm`j}pm

{bme qn} jtm mla|aek j gaci# qmp qn} jtm {ntoaek {a|b pnimdnlq mcpm# vjt| ng |bm |aim

qn} ijq bjwm |bmi |bmtm# vjt| ng |bm |aim qn} ijq en|# d}| qn} jtm p|acc ijoaek qn}t

`bna`mp jel qn}t lmàpanep jel lmàlaek {bmtm |n `}|% A| ijq dm |bj| |bm latm`|nt {acc

pjq a| {n}cl dm dm||mt |n ln R# Q jel X# ae {ba`b `jpm qn} {n}cl `nepalmt |bj|% Qn}

ijq |baeo a| ap {nt|b |tqaek nt qn} ijq |baeo a| ap lmgaea|mcq j knnl almj%

Aivcmime|aek |bj| ap p|acc vjt| ng |bm pjim vtn`mpp pn mwme |bn}kb pnimdnlq mcpm ap|bmtm {ntoaek {a|b qn} ne gaci a| ap en| |bj| laggmtme| {bme a| `nimp |n |bm `t}e`b%

[bn jtm |bm `ne|mivntjtq enwmcap|p |bj| qn} jliatm>

A ji wmtq omme ne Kjdtamc Hnpavnwaàp {ta|aek% Jkjae# Hnbe Dmtkmt% Qn} `nim j`tnpp

nll dnnop gtni |aim |n |aim% Ai j dak Watkaeaj [nncg gje {ba`b A oen{ ap en|

mrj`|cq |bm cj|mp| gjpbane%

Qn} ime|ane Lntn|bq Ta`bjtlpne jp {mcc%

Nb qmp A |baeo pbm ap |mttaga` d}| A lne| tmjccq {ta|m ae bmt p|qcm% A jliatm bmt ktmj|cq

dm`j}pm A |baeo pbm ap jp|neapbaekcq }elmtwjc}ml% A lne| }elmtp|jel {bq pbm ap en| }v

|bmtm {a|b Hnq`m jel [nncg jp nem ng |bm ktmj| {ta|mtp ng |bm gatp| bjcg ng |bm |{me|am|b

`me|}tq%

Enwmidmt 46:6

dai vaughan interview with richard macdonald and martin stollery full transcript ms

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