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ITE’S PROPOSED RECOMMENDED PRACTICE GUIDELINESPROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS

MATS JÄRLSTRÖM

8/28/2019Rev. A0

Dear Mats,

I am doing well. Thank you for asking.

As far as advice concerning your presentation is concerned, a couple of thoughts occur to me. The first is that your criticisms of the proposed guidelines for setting the duration of the amber cycle, and your suggestions for correcting them, are based on simple physics principles and on the careful observations you have carried out. As a consequence, it is difficult to argue against them without violating physics. The second is that if you can provide an example of how adoption of your suggestions would improve road safety, while adoption of the proposed guidelines do not, I think it would help your case.

I hope this is useful, Good luck!

Best regards,

Alex

Advice from Dr. Alexei A. Maradudin

“…the duration of the amber cycle, and your suggestions for correcting them, are based on simple physics principles and on the careful observations you have carried out. As a consequence, it is difficult to argue against them without violating physics.”

Timeline of the State of the Art

Dilemma Zone

Gazis, Herman & Maradudin Solved Dilemma Zone

Järlström Extends Single Point Solution to a Zone

ITE’sSingle Point Stop or Go

Solution

1960

Neither Stop nor Go

Both Stop or Go

ITE uses GHM’s Single Point Solution

Driver-vehicle behaviors

1965 2015

Solution Zone

Velocity

Time

v0

YP

xC

tPR

½½0

ITE’s Minimum Permissive Yellow ModelArea = traveled distance

GHM’s critical distance

Set the two distances equal

Solve for 𝑌 (Divide by 𝑣 )

Velocity

Time

v0

YP

xC

tPR

½½0

ITE’s Minimum Permissive Yellow Model

Less traveled distance

Missing Distance

Area = traveled distance

GHM’s critical distance

Set the two distances equal

Solve for 𝑌 (Divide by 𝑣 )

Exceeding amax

201

max2 2

va

a

Distance

VelocityYellowOnset

CriticalPoint

StoppingLine

0v

0

Minimum STOP Solution

0 PRv t20

max2

v

ax

1-a /2

a /21

a1

a = 01

MinimumGOSolution

Maximum GOsolution if isthe speed limit

0v

Minimum

Perm

issive

Yello

w (YP)

1max

-a = a

ITE’s ZERO Tolerance Solution - Problem

Entry Dilemma

Universal Graph Solution

Permissive Entry Distance

Term

Sir Isaac Newton’s Laws of Motion States:

First law :"A body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will remain in motion unless it is acted upon by an external force."

Second law:"The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object times its acceleration."

ITE’s incorrect uphill grade implementation

A Simplified Grade Solution

Volvo S60 rendering used with permission from Volvo Cars

𝐺 =𝐺

1 + 𝑔≈ 𝐺 𝐺 =

𝑔𝐺

1 + 𝑔≈ 𝑔𝐺

Vehicle Dynamics – VBOX Live Demo

10

Live STOP, GO and RIGHT TURN demo video (.avi) and data (.vbo) files:http://www.jarlstrom.com/ite/VBOX_Live_Demo.zip (27 MB)

Free RACELOGIC analysis software, Circuit Tools (ver. 2):https://www.vboxmotorsport.co.uk/index.php/us/customer-area/software

The following 10 pages show screen captures from the above files.

ProgrammableTraffic Signal Overlay

InstantaneousVehicle Velocity(Uncompensated)

GPS Antenna and VideoCameras Q1, Q2 and Q4Location

Quad Camera Views:Q1: Left – Q2: RightQ3: Pedals – Q4: Down

Q4 Camera View:System Timing Reference and Distance Calibration.

Proof of all theories are done using

Problems with ITE’s Recommended Practice

Zero tolerance model creates driver dilemmas

Model does not apply to turning maneuvers

The “permissive” entry dilemma

Incorrect 1982 grade implementation

11

Conclusion: ITE’s RP needs to be revised

Questions

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

Disclaimer

Redistribution and use in source (original document form) and 'compiled‘ forms (converted to PDF, epub, HTML and other formats) with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

Redistributions of source code (original document form) must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer as the first lines of this file unmodified.

Redistributions in compiled form (transformed to other DTDs, converted to PDF, epub, HTML and other formats) must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

THIS DOCUMENTATION IS PROVIDED BY MATS JÄRLSTRÖM "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL MATS JÄRLSTRÖM BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

Copyright (c) 2019, Mats Järlström. All rights reserved.

Backup

Vehicle Dynamics – VBOX Live Demo

15

Live STOP, GO and RIGHT TURN demo video (.avi) and data (.vbo) files:http://www.jarlstrom.com/ite/VBOX_Live_Demo.zip (27 MB)

Free RACELOGIC analysis software, Circuit Tools (ver. 2):https://www.vboxmotorsport.co.uk/index.php/us/customer-area/software

The following 10 pages show screen captures from the above files.

ProgrammableTraffic Signal Overlay

InstantaneousVehicle Velocity(Uncompensated)

GPS Antenna and VideoCameras Q1, Q2 and Q4Location

Quad Camera Views:Q1: Left – Q2: RightQ3: Pedals – Q4: Down

Q4 Camera View:System Timing Reference and Distance Calibration.

DISTANCE – Yellow Onset: STOP

16

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

Yellow Onset

Approach Speed:30 mph

Yellow Duration: 3.2 s (ITE)

Critical Distance:140.8 ft

Critical distance: 140.8 ft

DISTANCE – Yellow Onset: GO

17

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

Yellow Onset





DISTANCE – Yellow Onset: RIGHT TURN

18

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

Yellow Onset





DISTANCE – Stop Bar: ALL (Reference)

19

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

Stop Bar





20

TIME – Yellow Onset: STOP

20

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

Yellow Onset




3.2 s YellowSTOP

GO

RT

TIME – Yellow Onset: GO

21

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

Yellow Onset




3.2 s YellowSTOP

GO

RT

Yellow Onset

TIME – Yellow Onset: RIGHT TURN

22

STOP GO RIGHT TURNApproach Speed:30 mph



3.2 s YellowSTOP

GO

RT

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

TIME – Stop Bar: GO

23

Stop Bar




3.2 s YellowSTOP

GO

RT

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

TIME – Stop Bar: RIGHT TURN

24

Stop Bar




3.2 s YellowSTOP

GO

RT

STOP GO RIGHT TURN

TIME – Stop Bar: STOP

25

Stop Bar




3.2 s YellowSTOP

GO

RT

ITE’s incorrect uphill grade implementation

Sir Isaac Newton’s first law of motion states:"A body at rest will remain at rest, and a body in motion will remain in motion unless it is acted upon by an external force."

Hence, an occupant of a vehicle moving at constant velocity in any spatial direction is not acted upon by an external force.

Sir Isaac Newton’s second law of motion states:"The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object times its acceleration."

Thus, an occupant of a vehicle will only experience an external force acted upon them if the vehicle is changing its motion in any spatial direction. The source to the change of vehicle motion can be from one or a combination of Earth’s gravity on a grade or the vehicle’s motor or its braking system or its steering mechanism.

d [^ wzkwk^ z kdd e wz d/ 'h/ >/e ^ wzk > d^ e ^k>hd/ke^ · 2019. 10. 12. ·...

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