D. Galarreta(1), P.J. Charrel (2), T. Orel (3), B. Rothenburger (4), B. Trousse (5), C. Vogel (6)

(1)CNES;(2) IRIT-UT1; (3)Europia productions;(4) INRIA-IRIT ; (5) INRIA Sophia-Antipolis ; (6) Pôle Universitaire Léonard de Vinci

STUDY OF DYNAMIC VIEWPOINTS IN SATELLITE

DESIGN

Viewpoints in satellite design

A viewpoint is the manner attached to a person or a group to represent the technical world within which they operate.

Views from different viewpoints

« Onboard power » view : Power storage

« Attitude Control » view

« Thermal Control » view

« Ground Segment » view : Operation Control Centre

Confrontation and Correlation of viewpoints

• Before any interaction is considered the viewpoints virtually exist ;

• If the viewpoints interact one says that there is a confrontation of viewpoints. One can assess the views dependencies ;

• If the views which are produced are semantically and logically compatible one says that the viewpoints are correlated.

Objects

• Whenever a view is produced ignoring any other view : the view designates a virtual object ;

• When there is a confrontation of viewpoints, a view designate an actualized object ;

• When all the considered viewpoints are correlated, a view designate a realized object

The correlation problem

Given a viewpoint modelling, how can we model the correlation of viewpoints in order that a realized object emerges ?

Argumentative approach of viewpoints

C= (W, R, F, E, P)

Design Design DesignedProcess Représentation Object

(W) (R) (F) (E) (P)

• Interaction spaces :• Argumentation space ;• Communication space ;• Solving problem space

• Isotopies :• Work (W)• Fashion (F)• Purpose (P)• Aesthetic Form (E)• Representation (R)

• Elementary arguments :• Topoï

An approach of viewpoints based upon statistical association of terms

• Clusterisation

• AFT profile construction

• Scenario production

• Viewpoints

A multi-agent paradigm approach :A diachronic model

correlation sur la classe A

-0,11

-0,09

-0,07

-0,05

-0,03

-0,01

0,01

0,03

0,05

1 7

13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97

103

109

115

121

127

133

139

145

151

157

163

169

175

th-t t-f th-f

temps

Thematic dynamic(Discursive dynamic )

• A generic model• An instanciation of it :

• the Alceste methodology

-Class A : Compress, How many, Year , Apogée, arrival, Tank, Bit, Cells, Hundred, Figures (numbers), Five, Fifty, Coefficient, Cube, Degree, …

-Class B : Elsewhere, Point, Really, Altitude, Analyse, Antenna, Advantage, Bilan, Box, Camera, Control, Bother, Problem, Exist, …

-Class C : Show, Transmit, Now, Aerospace, Probably, Ariane, Asteroide, Astronautic, autonomy, bitsy, onboard, Camera, Chain, …

-Class D : Know, Write, Must, Finish, Open, Can, Transform, Know (by study), Remember, See, Will, Enough, As much, At last, Some, Always, Architecture,

Correlation of viewpoint : toward a restatement of the problem 1/2

A condition in order that different viewpoints can interact together, is their sharing of a same space ;

Definition : A virtual interaction of viewpoints is identified to a space ;

a space is the set of the viewpoints which are virtually in interaction.

Correlation of viewpoint : toward a restatement of the problem 2/2

• The correlation of viewpoints is gradual

• It manifests itself through the emergence of places

• It develops until the production of objects

•Given a technical space• Be able to identify an emergence of places and its dynamic

The weak correlation problem :

A correlation model in the argumentative approach

1 2 3

Correlation Space

W

FP

Significant Factorof the Argumentative Space

isotopyW

isotopyF

isotopyP

Significant Factorof the Problem Solving Space

Steps

Step 2

A correlation model in the lexicometrical approach

Propulsion

Giga bits Image Demonstration

ProjectileBit second

A diachronic Model for viewpoint correlation based on

the Alceste Methodology

correlation sur la classe A

-0,11

-0,09

-0,07

-0,05

-0,03

-0,01

0,01

0,03

0,05

1 7

13 19 25 31 37 43 49 55 61 67 73 79 85 91 97

103

109

115

121

127

133

139

145

151

157

163

169

175

th-t t-f th-f

temps

Thematic dynamic(Discursive dynamic )

The general variation of the curvesbuilt upon statistical classes are interpreted against :

• the discourse of each designer ;• the general movement of thisdiscourse in terms of solving thetask given.

Conclusion

• This article aimed to make the readers aware of the notion of “ viewpoint ” and “ correlation of viewpoints ” which are central for the analysis of a complex design activity (in particular for the manager of design projects) ;

• The "theoritical" step was to recognized the importance of the constitution of places as a step toward the solution of the correlation problem we introduced.