1DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

The Evolution of Cyberspace

New Horizons Symposium

28 Feb 2012

Brig Gen Marty Whelan

Director of Requirements

AFSPC/A5

DISTRIBUTION A: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited

2DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

COMMUNICATIONS MISSILE WARNING WEATHER

SPACE ACCESS

SPACE SURVEILLANCE

INTEL, SURVEILLANCE & RECONNAISSANCE

Space and Cyberspace capabilities enable the

American way of warfare MISSILE DEFENSE

Today’s Warfighter Depends on Space and Cyberspace

NAVIGATION

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3DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Irregular Warfare

• Enable distributed operations• Orchestrate and synchronize

multiple actions• Enable persistent

surveillance

Global Assessment

• Monitor and revisit deep, denied areas

• Provide immediate warning• Enable data fusion

Regular Warfare

• Find, prosecute targets• Distribute data, intent and link

forces• Enable C2• Assess results

Crisis Management

• Provide national C2 under stress

• Enable search, rescue, mobility

• Allow “sharable” situational awareness

GPS

WGS

DMSP

SBIRS

DSPAssured Access

Computer SystemsNetworks

Space & Cyber in Joint Operations

See the Battlefield with ClarityCommunicate with Certainty

Navigate with AccuracyStrike with Precision

Operate with AssuranceAcquire with Agility

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4DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Air Force Space Command What We Do

• Space• Provide Joint warfighting space capabilities• Acquire space systems• Provide assured access to space• Assured capabilities across the spectrum

• Cyberspace• Present full spectrum capabilities for the Joint

warfighter in, through and from cyberspace• Extend, operate and defend the AF portion of the

DoD Network• Establish requirements for future cyberspace

systems/capabilities • Assured capabilities across the spectrum

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5DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Space and Cyberspace: The Reality

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• Growing Demand

• Growing Threats

• Resource Constrained Environment

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

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• Growing Demand

• Growing Threats

• Resource Constraind Environment

SINE Operational View: The Future

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

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How do we reach the future

• Innovate: deliver resilient, cost-effective capabilities to the warfighter

• Evolve: requirements/acquisition processes• Fund: must identify and fund the true needs

FOUO

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AFSPC/CC PrioritiesSupport the Joint Fight

Control Acquisition CostsOperationalize/normalize cyberspace

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

• Connection• The innovator: industry, academia, or our own come up with the

good ideas• “Ideas” go through HQ AFSPC Innovation Forum• AFSPC Entry point is Livelink Innovation Webpage (

innovation.wf@us.af.mil)

• Competency• Technical experts vet possibilities• Staff work with idea generator

• Champion• Periodic Senior Forum established to review “ideas”• Senior-level advocacy then assignment to Center/lab• Follows Public Law/DoD 5000 series processes but with better input

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Innovation:Competency, Connection, Champion

FOUO 8

Game Changing Ideas will get here differently then operate the same

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Evolving Requirements & Acquisition Process

DoD and AF are working to determine best method for cyber acquisitions…

… while staying up to date on current/future technologies.

WarfighterRequirement

s

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Funding Impacts

• President’s direction to cut ~$487B over 10 years• Ongoing debt ceiling negotiations likely to drive further

funding reductions across DoD• AFSPC will continue to support the Core Function Master

Plan strategy:• Ensure continuity of critical capabilities in support of national and

joint requirements• Modernize or improve cyberspace and space capabilities using

technically feasible and fiscally sound strategies• Leverage partnerships or rely on commercial capabilities when

beneficial to DoD

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11DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

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Mission Area Innovation Opportunities

• Unique challenges facing each mission area• Rate of technological change• Rapid development/deployment• Cross mission collaboration/data fusion tools• Shrinking budgets

• Key opportunities for industry partners• NextGen technical solutions• Transition from “tools” to “capabilities”• Capabilities that are interoperable

FOUO

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Cyber InfrastructureChallenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Standardization to a single AFNet• Capable and sustainable enterprise solutions• Rapid acquisition processes• Continued DOD Budget cuts, efficiency demands• Contracting process to purchase IT equipment

• Industry Opportunities• Effective Asset Management• Innovative, interoperable enterprise solutions• Unified Communications

• Lessons learned• Efficiency gains

• Data Center Consolidation• Lessons learned• “Green” data center implementations

• Rapid network monitoring and management across compliant and non-compliant systems

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Cyber OperationsChallenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Assured information protection• Legacy capabilities oriented toward detection vice prevention• Timely awareness/characterization of potential threats• DoD acquisition processes, while improved, are still slow to need• Increase operational cost to attacker while lowering the benefit

• Industry Opportunities• Develop hardened/defensible/reliable AF networks leveraging

current technologies, architectures and resources • Provide proactive capabilities to actively prevent cyber threats• Fuse cyber data to create actionable information and assure AF

missions• Leverage existing/future Cyber Acquisitions process to deliver

best value

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14DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Cyber WarfareChallenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Funding

• Growing mission area vs. shrinking budgets (i.e., Budget Control Act)

• Qualification Training• Demand increasing faster than throughput

• Intel support to cyber program development• Normalize cyber intelligence requirements and prioritize

support

• Industry Opportunities• Cyberspace domain continues to change at “light speed”

• Must be able to keep up with new technology• Transition of “tools” to “capabilities”

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15DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

MILSATCOM Challenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Addressing the entire SATCOM enterprise for 2025 & beyond• Developing a strategy to better leverage military, commercial, civil,

and international solutions, including business models• Situational awareness and protection of space assets

• Industry Opportunities• Create innovative solutions to future SATCOM requirements• Create operator-to-satellite open/service oriented ground system

architectures• Consolidate functions and capabilities across multiple systems• Synchronize mission threads

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

MILSATCOM TerminalsChallenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Developing XDR-capable terminals for AEHF• Timely integration of delivered terminals into platforms• Synchronizing terminal deliveries and platform integration with new

on-orbit SATCOM capabilities • Industry Opportunities

• Ka-band capable terminals possibly for additional airborne platforms (e.g. AMC) to take advantage of WGS on-orbit assets

• New terminal opportunities resulting from a future Analysis of Alternatives study to follow the JSCL Initial Capabilities Document  

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Missile Warning/Defense

Challenges and Opportunities

• Challenges:• Resiliency with lower cost & manpower• Control cost, schedule, performance• Support Netcentric Operations• Integrate Cyber Capabilities into MW/MD portfolio• Standardize MW/SSA reporting

• Industry Opportunities:• Invest in data compression and large data transmission• Develop, register, and expose services for gov’t subscription/reuse• Maximize Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

SSA/C2-Challenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Fiscally constrained environment for several years• Maintain, sustain and exploit existing capabilities• Leverage other non-traditional sensor capabilities• Exploit mission partner and coalition capabilities• JFCC-Space requires timely actionable information• Integration of Space and Cyberspace touch points

• Industry Opportunities• Leverage/Exploit existing sensors for enhanced sensitivity/capacity• Develop methods & means to maintain chain of custody• Improve environmental forecasting & effects capabilities• Ground-based optical sensors for deep space search & discovery• Next generation space-based optical system for timely re-visit• Dynamic ability to process extensive amounts of new data• Establish commercial & coalition partnerships• Cross mission collaboration/data fusion tools

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Space LaunchChallenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Aging infrastructure; difficult to operate and maintain• Increasing costs• Utilizing launch manifest more efficiently• Sustaining space launch industrial base• Orbital debris mitigation compliance

• Industry Opportunities• New entrants• Reduced cost• Enhanced resiliency

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Launch RangesChallenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Aging infrastructure and fiscal constraints present operations and

sustainment challenges; instrument reliability opposed to excessive redundancy

• Variety of non-standard launch systems driven by diverse customer needs • Real-time data receive, processing and display drive costs for robust systems

with a “no-fail” design• Multiple independent contracts for operations at each range, plus overarching

sustainment – drives contract overhead costs for all contracts

• Industry Opportunities• Propose range safety strategy that does not require significant investment on

the range or from launch customers; solutions that require significant capital investment on the range or launch customers are a non-starter

• Propose efficiencies in day-to-day operations and sustainment of range infrastructure (current and future as mentioned above) using a single consolidated contract

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

SATOPS/AFSCNChallenges and Opportunities

• Challenges• Non-materiel (non-developmental) solutions for consolidating

common SATOPS tasks across multiple satellite operating units• Operational concepts for on-demand, protected, agile SATOPS• Net-centric AFSCN operating concepts – present users and

operators with a web-like interface

• Industry Opportunities• Concept development – how to achieve capability with non-materiel

(non-developmental) approaches; enterprise data standards

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DEFINING OUR FUTURE IN SPACE AND CYBERSPACE

Summary

• Space and cyberspace capabilities – vital to national security and the Joint fight

• Single MAJCOM – enhance synergies between space and cyberspace

• Domain challenges – competitive, congested, contested

• Keys to success – innovate, evolve, fund

Excellence: Global and Beyond

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QUESTIONS?

THE LEADING SOURCE OF EMERGING AND INTEGRATED SPACE AND CYBERSPACE CAPABILITIES