cylindrical vs. prismatic cells: life, safety, cost · large format cells each have distinct...
TRANSCRIPT
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Cylindrical vs. Prismatic Cells: Life, Safety, Cost
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Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Does Shape Matter?
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Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting 3
vs.
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676
43
200 215
364
521
300
0
100
200
300
400
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800
Specific Energy1,2(Wh/kg)
Energy Density(Wh/L)
Heat released inThermal Runaway
(kJ/cell)
Cost ($/kWh)
18650 Pouch
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
Cycle Life
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Practical Considerations Interchangeability – Samsung, Panasonic, LG, Sony, etc. offer
virtually identical options Configurability – Could you do this with pouches?
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Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Only a Niche Product?
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More assembly time, labor, and material
More complex pack electrical design
=
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
The Big Reason for Large Format
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80
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0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
% C
apac
ity R
emai
ning
# Cycles
Cycle Life Comparison
Pouch Cell
18650
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
The Big Reason for Small Format
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Single Cell failure (large format)
Single Cell failure (small format)
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting 8
= PCC Material (patented)
+
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Hybrid and Electric Delivery Truck Customer makes hybrid and electric delivery trucks Battery systems are 60 and 120 kWh at 612V AllCell has brick configurable to 1s or 2s options
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Advantages Disadvantages
Configurability Less cycle life
Lack of reliance on one supplier
Slower charge
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
All Terrain Vehicle All electric off-road 4WD rec-utility vehicle System is 100V, 100Ah with 450A discharge peak AllCell provides 45 cell brick in unique shape
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Advantages Disadvantages
Unique shape configurability
Less cycle life
Good power and energy to volume
High power+energy costs more
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Material Handling Automated Material Handling Robots Systems 24 and 48V, 2-10 kWh AllCell has 70 cell brick configurable to 7.2V, 99Ah or 3.6V, 198Ah
options
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Advantages Disadvantages
Can efficiently make small packs
Less cycle life
Custom shapes Slower charge
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Stationary: Frequency Regulation Frequency Regulation battery-inverter systems perform continuous
shallow cycle operation at power up to 2C Battery systems are typically 500-1000V and 125kWh-1MWh AllCell has 105-348 Ah bricks
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Advantages Disadvantages
Comparable cycle life (theory)
Lower power
Safer Higher cost (artificial?)
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Is Frequency Regulation a Market Driver?
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PJM • 791 TWh/yr delivered • 700 MW frequency
regulation
CAISO • 300 TWh/yr delivered • 265 MW frequency
regulation (estimate)
AB2514 1.3 GW energy storage mandate
1.3 GW>>265 MW
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
If low power is the future…
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vs.
vs.
Compact | Lightweight | Long Lasting
Conclusion In a truly non-committal statement: Cylindrical cells and
large format cells each have distinct advantages and disadvantages Slightly more specifically: Large format cells seem to
have more theoretical advantages, but: Need to prove that costs will drop as volumes increase Harder to contain thermal runaway Sometimes real world issues will override advantages
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