Cyclone and Tornado

DISASTER MANAGEMENT2150003

Dr. Kamlesh S. DalalAssistant Professor in CED

(Faculty Guide)

Civil Engineering Department Sarvajanik College of Engineering and

Technology,Surat.

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Presented by

• Smit Gajera (140420106019)• Jay Lad (140420106033)• Raj Naik (140420106038)• Nikunj Patel (140420106047)• Ronik Patel (140420106048)

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Content Definition Geographic location Characteristics Intensity and Damage Detection Photos Comparison Video Bibliography

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Definition

• A cyclone is a large scale air mass that rotates around a strong

center of low atmospheric pressure.

• They are usually characterized by inward spiraling winds that

rotate clockwise and anti-clockwise.

• A tornado is rotating column of air whirling at destructively

high speeds, usually accompanied by a funnel-shaped

downward extension of a thundercloud.

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Geographical Location

•Cyclones begin in tropical regions such as Pacific islands,

Northern Australia and other areas.

•Tornadoes have been spotted in all continents except

Antarctica. Highest frequencies occur in the Netherlands, and up

to 1200 on average in the United States.

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Characteristics

• Cyclones have a low pressure center which is called the "eye", and the wind

circling around is counter clockwise on the northern hemisphere and

clockwise in the southern hemisphere.

• The speed of cyclones varies from 32 to 200 kmph.

• Cyclone mainly occur in a particular season and mainly affect the coastal

areas.

• Cyclones can be of three main types:

Polar

Tropical

Mesocyclones

Cyclones

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• Tornadoes normally rotate cyclonically (when viewed from above, this is

counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the

southern).

• The speed of tornado varies from 60 to 480 kmph.

• Tornadoes are most common in spring and least common in winter.

• Tornadoes can be of three main types:

Multiple vortex

Waterspout

Landspout

Tornado

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Intensity and Damage

• The scale for measuring cyclones is called the Beaufort

Scale and Saffir-Simpson scale and may vary in different

countries.

• The scale for measuring the intensity of cyclones depends

on the intensity of damage and the wind speed.

• The scale ranges from negligible house damage, and

destruction of plants and tress to extensive damage and

widespread destruction, with wind speed ranging from 74

to 156 mph.

Cyclones

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• The intensity of tornadoes can also vary in intensity those with a

longer track being stronger. The scale used for rating the strength of

tornadoes is called the Fujita (F), Enhanced Fujita (EF), and TORRO

(T) Scale.

• The range varies from F0, EF0 or T0 for minimal damage (damages

trees but not buildings) up to F5, EF5 or T11 for vast degree of

damage (buildings and skyscrapers end up getting damaged).

• In the United States, maximum tornadoes (80%) fall into the EF0

and EF1 (T0 to T3) category and less than 1% are violent (EF4, T8 or

more).

Tornado

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Detection

• Cyclones and tornadoes are detected by Pulse-Doppler

radar, photogrametry, and ground swirl patterns.

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PhotosCyclone

Tornado

Source: Cyclone NilofarURL: https://goo.gl/qt4wSr

Source: This was part of the Oklahoma tornado outbreak on May 3, 1999URL: https://goo.gl/3iUbfu

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ComparisonPoint Cyclone Tornado

Definition It is a large scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure.

It is rotating column of air whirling at destructively high speeds, usually accompanied by a funnel-shaped downward extension of a thundercloud.

Rotation Clockwise in the southern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere.

Clockwise in the southern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere.

Intensity • Beaufort Scale and • Saffir-Simpson scale

• Fujita (F)• Enhanced Fujita (EF)• TORRO (T) Scale

Location Southern Pacific Ocean, Indian Ocean. Cyclones in the northwest Pacific that reach (exceed) 74 mph are "typhoons".

Tornados have been spotted in all continents except Antarctica.

Most affected area

Pacific ocean. In areas where a convergence of cold and warm fronts is common. i.e. US Midwest.

Frequency 10-14 per year. There were 1,285 tornadoes reported in the United States in 2015.

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Video

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Bibliography

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tornado

• https://goo.gl/qt4wSr

• https://goo.gl/3iUbfu

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Thank You

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