CURRICULUM VITAE

Christopher B. Newgard, Ph.D. PERSONAL Born September 18, 1956 in Copenhagen, Denmark American citizenship attained June, 1976 Married, with four children Home address: 664 Brookview Dr. Chapel Hill, NC 27514 Contact: Phone: 919-668-6059 (office); FAX: 919-668-6044; email: chris.newgard@duke.edu PROFESSIONAL TRAINING AND APPOINTMENTS 1974-1978 B.S. in Botany/Zoology, Duke University, Durham, N.C. Summer, Director, Student Originated Studies Project (NSF). Organized a group 1978 of eight students to carry out an interdisciplinary study entitled, "Factors Influencing Stunted Growth in Crassostrea virginica (American oyster) in the White Oak River, N.C", performed at the Duke University Marine Laboratory, Beaufort, N.C. Oct., 1978- Predoctoral fellow, Institute of Medical Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Oct., 1979 Denmark. Studied the physiology and biosynthesis of pancreatic islet peptides, with emphasis on somatostatin, in the laboratory of Dr. Jens Holst. Oct., 1979- Predoctoral fellow, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Sept., 1980 Center at Dallas. Performed studies on the evolutionary and physiological roles of

pancreatic islet peptides, in the laboratory of Dr. Roger Unger.

Sept., 1980- Graduate student, Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas May, 1984 Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. Performed dissertation entitled, "Studies on

the Mechanism of Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis in the Fasted-Refeeding Rat" in the laboratory of Dr. J. Denis McGarry and Dr. Daniel Foster. Ph.D. degree received May, 1984.

July, 1984- Postdoctoral fellow, Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of July, 1987 California, San Francisco. Studied the structure and function of mammalian isozymes of glycogen phosphorylase in the laboratory of Dr. Robert Fletterick.

Aug., 1987- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry and the Center for Diabetes

Aug., 1992 Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. Sept., 1992- Associate Professor, Departments of Biochemistry, Internal Medicine and the Sept., 1995 Center for Diabetes Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. Sept., 1994- Gifford O. Touchstone, Jr. and Randolph G. Touchstone Distinguished Chair in Diabetes Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas. Sept., 1995- Professor, Departments of Biochemistry, Internal Medicine, and Center for Diabetes Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas.

Sept., 2000- Co-Director, Touchstone Center for Diabetes Research, University of Texas Feb. 2002 Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas

March, 2002- Director, Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism Center; W. David and Sarah

W. Stedman Distinguished Professor, Departments of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology and Medicine, Duke University Medical Center

July, 2013- Founding Director, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University Medical

Center HONORS AND AWARDS Sigma Xi Graduate Research Award, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, April, 1984 Career Development Award, American Diabetes Association, 1989-1992 Distinguished Alumnus Award, University of Texas Southwestern Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, November, 1991 Max Miller Lecture, Central Society for Clinical Research, November, 1992 Co-Chair, NIH Workshop on "Cellular and Molecular Approaches to Achieving Euglycemia in Diabetes", April, 1994 Lilly Lecturer, Australian Diabetes Society, September, 1994 Member, Congressionally-Mandated Diabetes Research Working Group, November, 1997-1999 William Stadie Award, American Diabetes Association, Pennsylvania Affiliate, February, 1998 Sigma Xi Lectureship, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Graduate School, November, 1998

Gerold and Kayla Grodsky Award for Oustanding Scientific Achievement, Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, June, 1999

Pfizer Visiting Professor, University of Virginia, January, 2001

Outstanding Scientific Achievement (Lilly) Award, American Diabetes Association, June, 2001 Meadow Brook Lectureship in Medicine and Surgery, Meadow Brook Endowment Fund, Detroit, MI, June, 2001 MERIT Award, National Institutes of Health, Grant R01 DK46492-09 Kroc Lectureship, University of Pennsylvania Diabetes Research Center, March, 2003 Solomon Berson Award and Lectureship, American Physiological Society, April, 2003 Albert and Miriam Weinstein Visiting Professor in Diabetes Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, March, 2003 Robert C. Nordlie Visiting Professor, University of North Dakota Medical Center, January, 2004 Lepkovsky Memorial Lecture, Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, December, 2005 Co-Chair, Keystone Symposium on Beta Cell Biology, Taos, NM, 2006 Nelson Goldberg Lecture in Signal Transduction and Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, University of Minnesota, February, 2006 Bristol Meyers-Squibb “Freedom to Discover” Award in Metabolic Research, 2006 Golden Apple Award for Medical Student Teaching, Duke University Medical Center, 2006 Lydia J. Roberts Visiting Professorship and Memorial Lecture, University of Chicago, 2006 Chair, Keystone Symposium on Beta Cell Biology, Snowbird, Utah, 2008 Keynote Address, All Faculty Retreat, UT Houston Medical Center, 2008

Endocrine Society/Merck Visiting Professorship, UCSF Diabetes Center, 2011 Co-Organizer (with Alan Attie and Phil Scherer), Keystone Symposium on Diabetes, Santa Fe, NM, 2012 Co-Organizer (with Siliva Corvera), FASEB Conference on Glucose Transporter Biology, Snowmass, CO, 2013 Michael Brownlee Visiting Lecture, Joslin Diabetes Center, February, 2014 Donald Steiner Award and Lectureship for Distinguished Research in Diabetes, University of Chicago, May, 2014 Lead Organizer, FASEB Conference on Glucose Transporter Biology, Big Sky, MT, July, 2015 Endocrine Society Visiting Professor, Tulane University Medical Center, September, 2015 Duke Medical Alumni Association Distinguished Faculty Award, November, 2016 Keynote Speaker, FASEB Conference on Glucose Transporter Biology, Snowmass, CO, July 2017 Delbert Fisher Visiting Professor in Endocrinology, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine and Cedars Sinai Medical Center, July, 2019 Endocrine Society Outstanding Innovator Award and Plenary Lecture, Endocrine Society Annual Meeting, San Francisco, March, 2020 Charles Hollenberg Memorial Lecture, Banting and Best Diabetes Center, University of Toronto, May, 2020

EDITORIAL AND GRANT REVIEW EXPERIENCE

Member, NIDDK Catalyst Award Editorial/Oversight Board, 2018- Member, NIDDK special review panel for High Impact, Interdisciplinary Grants (RC2), 2016- Editorial Board, Cell Metabolism, 2012- Member, ADA “Pathway to Stop Diabetes” Study Section, 2015- Associate Editor, Journal of Clinical Investigation, March, 2012-November, 2017

Associate Editor, Molecular Endocrinology, 2008-2013 Editorial Board, Endocrine Reviews, 2006-2009 Editorial Board, Molecular Endocrinology, 2005-2008 Member, NIH Metabolism Study Section, 1995-1999 Member, Grant Review Board, American Diabetes Association, 1997-2001 Editorial Board, Diabetes, 2001-2004 Editorial Board, American Journal of Physiology, 2001-2004 Editorial Board, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1992-1997 Medical Advisory Board, Juvenile Diabetes Foundation International, 1992-1996 Member, NIH Program Project Site Visit Team, UCSF, March, 1994 Ad-hoc reviewer, NIH Metabolism Study Section, 1994 Veteran's Administration Study Section (Endocrinology, April, 1992) Scientific Review Committee, American Heart Association, Texas Affiliate, 1992

OTHER ACADEMIC ACTIVITIES

Duke School of Medicine Research Planning Committee, 2017-2018 Medical Center Executive Council, Duke University Medical Center, 2002- Search Committees (Duke): Chairman of Internal Medicine, 2017-2018 and 2002-2003; Dean of the Medical School, 2003; Chief, Cardiology, 2006; Chief, Endocrine (Chair), 2013; Chief, Nephrology, 2016. Various Dean’s Committees, including Shared Resources, Financial Redesign, Faculty Salary and Compensation, Strategic Priorities, Duke University Medical Center, 2005-present Senior Advisory Committee, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University Medical Center, 2002-

Member, Admissions Committee, Univ. of Texas Southwestern Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1992-1997 Member, Intellectual Property Advisory Committee, Univ. Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 1995-2002 Member, Steering Committee, Graduate Program in Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, UTSWMC, 1991-2002 Scientific Advisory Boards, Academic: Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami; UCSF Diabetes Center; Univ. Pennsylvania DERC; Sanford Burnham Institute, San Diego; Sanford Burnham Institute, Orlando Scientific Advisory Boards, Industry: CVMED Board, Pfizer; Global Diabetes Advisory Board, Lilly; Diabetes Advisory Board, Merck; Diabetes Advisory Board, Novo-Nordisk; multiple biotech company SABs Member, Board of Directors, Founding Scientist, and Principal Consultant, BetaGene, Inc., Dallas, TX, 1992-2002

INDIVIDUALS TRAINED IN THE NEWGARD LABORATORY

Previous Trainees: Postdoc/ Period of Previous Previous Current Trainee Predoc Training Degree Institution Position Milburn, J. Postdoc 1987-89 M.D. Univ. Texas Private Practice Southwestern Irving, TX Miyaura, C. Postdoc 1989- Ph.D. Showa Univ. Faculty, Showa 1991 Tokyo Univ., Tokyo Foix, A-G. Postdoc 1990- Ph.D. Univ. of Faculty, Dept. of 1991 Barcelona Biochemistry, Univ. Barcelona

Schnedl, W. Postdoc 1992- M.D. Univ. of Graz, Faculty, 1993 Austria Univ. Graz

Ferber, S. Postdoc 1991- Ph.D. Joslin Diabetes Faculty, Chaim 1993 Center, Harvard Sheba Med Ctr, Tel Aviv Coats, W. Predoc 1987- B.S. Univ. of School teacher

1993 Wyoming Hughes, S. Predoc 1988- B.S. Austin College Staff Scientist, 1993 ZymoGenetics, Seattle Quaade, C. Predoc 1988- M.S. Univ. of Chief Exec. Officer, 1992 Copenhagen Interface Biotech BeltrandelRio, Postdoc 1992- Ph.D., M.D. Michigan State Director, Diabetes H. Res, Lexicon Inc. Minassian, C. Postdoc 1995- Ph.D. Univ. Lyon Scientist, 1996 (France) Univ. Lyon Becker, T Predoc 1992- B.S. Millersville U. Faculty, Duke Univ Sestak, A. Predoc 1991- B.S. Trinity College Private practice Noel, L. Predoc 1991- B.S. Univ. of School Teacher 1996 Virginia Noel, R. Predoc 1992- B.S. St. Mary's Faculty, Duke 1996 (San Antonio) Trinh, K. Postdoc 1996-98 M.D., Ph.D. Univ. Toronto Faculty, U. Toronto Hohmeier, H. Postdoc 1995-1998 M.D., Ph.D. Univ. Faculty, Gottingen Duke Univ.

Antinozzi, P. Predoc 1993-1999 Ph.D. Univ. Florida Faculty, Wake Forest Med Ctr. O'Doherty, R. Postdoc 1994-1999 Ph.D. Vanderbilt Faculty, Univ. Pittsburgh

Berman, H. Predoc 1994-1999 B.S. UCLA Private Practice

Mulder, H. Postdoc 1998-2000 M.D., Ph.D. Univ. Lund Faculty, Univ. Lund Telemaque S. Postdoc 1998-2000 Ph.D. UTSWMC Faculty, Univ. Arkansas

Gasa, R. Postdoc 1997-2000 Ph.D. Univ. Faculty, Univ Barcelona Barcelona

Jensen, P-B. Postdoc 1999-2001 Ph.D. Hagedorn Inst. Staff Scientist, U. Copenhagen Seahorse Bio Chen, G. Predoc 1997-2001 M.S. Wuhan Univ. Faculty, Univ. Tenn.

Sherry, D. Visiting 1999-2001 Ph.D. UTSWMC/ Professor, UT Professor UT Dallas Southwestern

Boucher, A. Postdoc 2000- Ph.D. Univ. Lyon School teacher Murase, K. Postdoc 2000- Ph.D. Takeda Co. Staff Scientist, Takeda Chemicals

Tran, V. Predoc 1997- M.S. Univ. Houston Faculty, Univ. Houston

Yang, R-J. Postdoc 2000- Ph.D. Univ. Indiana Staff Scientist, Merck Muoio, D. Res. Fac. 2002-2004 Ph.D. UNC-Ch Hill Faculty, Duke Univ.

Takekawa, S. Postdoc 2002- Ph.D. Univ. Osaka Scientist, Takeda

Schisler, J. Predoc 2001-2005 B.S. Univ. Toledo Faculty, UNC

Joseph J. Postdoc 2004- Ph.D. U. Toronto Faculty, Univ. Waterloo

Ilkayeva, O. Postdoc 2002- Ph.D. UTSW Director, Metabolomics Core Lab, Stedman Center

Clark, C. Predoc 1999- B.S. UC Riverside School teacher Presley, B. Predoc 2001- B.S. Duke Private practice Fueger, P. Postdoc 2004-2008 Ph.D. Vanderbilt Faculty, City of Hope

Collier, J. Postdoc 2004-2009 Ph.D. LSUMC Faculty, University of Tennessee Vanhoose, A. Postdoc 2007-2009 Ph.D. Vanderbilt Postdoctoral Fellow, Vanderbilt

Ronnebaum, S. Predoc 2003-2008 B.S. Drake Medical Consultant

Odegaard, M. Predoc 2004-2009 B.S. Univ. Minn. Postdoc, EPA Ferrara, C. Predoc 2005-2009 B.S. Duke Faculty, UCSF

Khoo, C. Postdoc 2011-2012 MD Singapore Faculty, NUS, Singapore Newbern, D. Postdoc 2009- MD Duke Ped Faculty, Duke Pediatrics Fellow Tessem, J. Postdoc 2008-2013 Ph.D. U. Colorado Faculty, BYU Rosa, T. Grad Stud. 2010-2015 MS Univ. Pittsburgh Research Scientist Petersen B Grad Stud 2012-2018 BS Northeastern U Biotech, Boulder CO White, P. Postdoc 2012-2017 PhD Univ. Laval Faculty, DMPI McGarrah, R. Postdoc 2015-2017 MD UNC Faculty, DMPI Stephens, S. Postdoc 2008-2014- Ph.D. Duke Faculty, Univ. Iowa Coppola, A. Postdoc 2007-2013 Ph.D. Yale College teacher Hayes, H. Postdoc 2008-2014 Ph.D. Duke Senior Editor, American Journal Experts Glynn, E. Postdoc 2010- PhD UT-Galveston Principal Scientist, Beachbody

Current Trainees:

Postdoc/ Period of Previous Previous Current Trainee Predoc Training Degree Institution Position

An, J. Postdoc 1998- Ph.D. Eli Lilly Research Associate

Jensen, M.V. Postdoc 2000- Ph.D. Univ. Odense Research Associate (Denmark) Lu, D. Postdoc 2000- Ph.D. Univ. Osaka Research Associate Haldeman J Postdoc 2018- PhD Millersville U. Postdoctoral Fellow Zhang L Postdoc 2014- PhD UNC Postdoctoral Fellow

TEACHING Medical Biochemistry: Carbohydrate Metabolism, Glycogen Metabolism, Protein Glycosylation (9 lectures per year), 1988-present Metabolic Regulation (Advanced course in the Biochemistry & Molecular Biology graduate program). Course director and lecturer, 1991-2002

Genetic Engineering and Gene Therapy (Advanced course in the Biochemistry & Molecular Biology graduate program). Course co-director and lecturer, 1996-2002 Graduate School Core Course (beginning 1991): Organizer and lecturer for "liver chunk" section of the course, 1991-1999 Medical Student Endocrinology: The Endocrine Pancreas, Metabolic Effects of Glucagon and Insulin (2 lectures per year), 1989-1997

Graduate Biochemistry, First Year Course (prior to 1991): Amino Acid Metabolism Molecular Endocrinology (Biochemistry Department course): Insulin Action, insulin secretion, 1988-1990 Advanced Cell & Molecular Biology: Genetic Basis of Diabetes, 1988-1990 Allied Health Physiology: The Endocrine Pancreas, 1989-1994 Pharm 234, Module on Metabolic Regulation, Duke, 2002- Medical Biochemistry, Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, Duke, 2002-

BIBLIOGRAPHY PRIMARY PUBLICATIONS IN PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS (Web of Science h-factor, 94, August, 2019) 1) Newgard, C.B. and Holst, J. J. 1981. Heterogeneity of Somatostatin Like Immunoreactivity (SLI) in Extracts of Porcine, Canine, and Human Pancreas. Acta Endocrinologica 98: 564-572. 2) Berelowitz, M., LeRoith, D., vonSchenck, H., Newgard, C., Szabo, M., Frohman, L., Shiloach, J., and Roth, J. 1982. Somatostatin Like Immunoreactivity and Biological Reactivity is Present in Tetrahymena pyriformis, a Ciliated Protozoan. Endocrinology 110: 1939-1944. 3) Newgard, C.B., Hirsch, L., Foster, D.W., and McGarry, J. D. 1983. Studies on the Mechanism by Which Exogenous Glucose is Converted into Liver Glycogen in the Rat -- A Direct or an Indirect Pathway? Journal of Biological Chemistry 258: 8046-8052. 4) Newgard, C.B., Foster, D.W., and McGarry, J. D. 1984. Evidence for Suppression of Hepatic Glucose-6-Phosphatase with Carbohydrate Feeding. Diabetes 33: 192-195. 5) Newgard, C.B., Moore, S.V., Foster, D.W., and McGarry, J. D. 1984. Efficient Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis in Refeeding Rats Requires Continued Carbon Flow Through the Gluconeogenic Pathway. Journal of Biological Chemistry 259: 6958-6963. 6) Kuwajima, M., Newgard, C.B., Foster, D.W., and McGarry, J. D. 1984. Time Course and Significance of Changes in Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphate Levels During Refeeding of Fasted Rats. Journal of Clinical Investigation 21: 1108-1111. 7) Kuwajima, M., Newgard, C.B., Foster, D.W., and McGarry, J. D. 1986. The Glucose Phosphorylating Capacity of Liver as Measured by Three Independent Assays. Implications for the Mechanism of Glycogen Synthesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 261: 8849-8853. 8) Newgard, C.B., Nakano, K., Hwang, P.K., and Fletterick, R.J. 1986. Sequence Analysis of the cDNA Encoding Human Liver Glycogen Phosphorylase Reveals Tissue-Specific Codon Usage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 83: 8132-8136. 9) Newgard, C.B., Fletterick, R.J., Anderson, L.A., and R.V. Lebo. 1986. The Polymorphic Locus for Glycogen Storage Disease VI (Liver Glycogen Phosphorylase) Maps to Chromosome 14. American Journal of Human Genetics 40: 351-364. 10) Rath, B., Newgard, C.B., Sprang, S., Goldsmith, E., & R.J. Fletterick. 1987. Modeling the Biochemical Differences Between Rabbit Muscle and Human Liver Phosphorylase. Proteins: Structure, Function & Genetics, 2: 225-235. 11) Newgard, C.B., Littman, D., Van Genderen, C., Smith, M., & R.J. Fletterick. 1988. Human Brain Glycogen Phosphorylase: Cloning, Sequence Analysis, Tissue Expression, Gene Mapping, and

Comparison with the Human Liver and Muscle Isozymes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 263: 3850-3857. 12) Leffert, J., Newgard, C.B., Okamoto, H., Milburn, J.L., and Luskey, K. 1989. Cloning of Rat Amylin and Tissue-specific Expression in Pancreatic Islets. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 86: 3127-3130. 13) Iynedjian, P.B., Pilot, P-R.,, Nouspikel, T., Milburn, J.L., Quaade, C., Hughes, S., Ucla, C. and Newgard, C.B. 1989. Differential Expression and Regulation of the Glucokinase Gene in Liver and Islets of Langerhans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 86: 7838-7842. 14) Johnson, J., H., Newgard, C.B., Milburn, J.L., Lodish, H. F., and Thorens, B. 1990. The High Km Glucose Transporter of Islets of Langerhans is Functionally Similar to the Low Affinity Transporter of Liver and has an Identical Primary Sequence. Journal of Biological Chemistry 265, 6548-6551. 15) Chen, L., Alam, T., Johnson, J. H., Hughes, S., Newgard, C. B., and Unger, R. H. 1990. Regulation of b-cell Glucose Transporter Gene Expression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U. S. A. 87, 4088-4092. 16) Johnson, J. H., Ogawa, A., Chen, L., Orci, L., Newgard, C. B., Alam, T., and Unger, R. H. 1990. Underexpression of High Km Glucose Transporters in b-cells: Role in Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes. Science 250, 546-549. 17) Orci, L., Ravazzola, M., Baetens, D., Inman, L., Amherdt, M., Peterson, R. G., Newgard, C. B., Johnson, J. H., and Unger, R. H. 1990. Evidence that Downregulation of b-cell Glucose Transporters in Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes May Be the Cause of Diabetic Hyperglycemia Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U.S.A. 87, 9953-9957. 18) Miyaura, C., Chen, L., Appel, M., Alam, T., Hughes, S. D., Milburn, J. L., Unger, R. H., and Newgard, C. B. 1991. Expression of reg/PSP, a Pancreatic Exocrine Gene: Relationship to Changes in Islet b-cell Mass. Molecular Endocrinology 5 (2), 226-234. 19) Hughes, S. D., Quaade, C., Milburn, J. L., Cassidy, L., and Newgard, C. B. 1991. Expression of Normal and Novel Glucokinase mRNAs in Anterior Pituitary and Islet Cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry 266, 4521-4530. 20) Quaade, C., Hughes, S. D., Coats, W., Sestak, A., Iynedjian, P. B., and Newgard, C. B. 1991. Characterization of the Protein Products Predicted by Variant Glucokinase Transcripts. FEBS Letters 280, 47-52. 21) Coats, W., Browner, M., Fletterick, R. J., and Newgard, C. B. 1991. An Engineered Liver Glycogen Phosphorylase with AMP Allosteric Activation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 266, 16113-16119.

22) Newgard, C. B., Norkiewicz, B., Hughes, S., Frenkel, R. A., Coats, W. S., Martiniuk, F. and Johnston, J. M. 1991. Developmental Expression of Glycogenolytic Enzymes in Rabbit Tissues: Possible Relationship to Fetal Lung Maturation. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1090: 333-342. 23) Hughes, S. D., Johnson, J. H., Quaade, C., and Newgard, C. B. 1992. Engineering of Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion and Biosynthesis in Non-islet Cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences U. S. A. 89: 688-692. 24) Gomez-Foix, A. M., Coats, W. S., Baque, S., Alam, T., Gerard, R., and Newgard, C. B. 1992. Adenovirus-Mediated Transfer of the Muscle Phosphorylase Gene into Hepatocytes Confers Altered Regulation of Glycogen Metabolism. Journal of Biological Chemistry 267: 25129-25134. 25) Inman, L. R., McAllister, C. T., Chen, L., Hughes, S., Newgard, C. B., Unger, R. H., and Johnson, J. H. 1993. Autoantibodies to GLUT-2 in New Onset Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S. A. 90: 1281-1284. 26) Hughes, S. D., Quaade, C., Johnson, J. H., Ferber, S., and Newgard, C. B. 1993. Transfection of AtT-20ins Cells with GLUT-2 but not GLUT-1 confers Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion: Relationship to Glucose Metabolism. Journal of Biological Chemistry 268: 15205-15212. 27) Ferber, S., BeltrandelRio, H., Johnson, J. H., Noel, R. J., Cassidy, L.E., Clark, S., Becker, T. C., Hughes, S. D., and Newgard, C. B. 1994. GLUT-2 Gene Transfer into Insulinoma Cells Confers both High and Low Affinity Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Release: Relationship to Glucokinase Activity. Journal of Biological Chemistry 269: 11523-11529. 28) Becker, T., BeltrandelRio, H., Noel, R. J., Johnson, J. H., and Newgard, C. B. 1994. Overexpression of Hexokinase I in Isolated Islets of Langerhans via Recombinant Adenovirus: Enhancement of Glucose Metabolism and Insulin Secretion at Basal but not Stimulatory Glucose Levels. Journal of Biological Chemistry 269: 21234-21238. 29) Baque, S., Newgard, C. B., Gerard, R. D., Guinovart, J. J., and Gomez-Foix, A. M. 1994. Adenovirus-mediated Delivery into Myocytes of Muscle Glycogen Phosphorylase, the Enzyme Deficient in Glycogen Storage Disease Type V. Biochemical Journal 304: 1009-1014. 30) Schnedl, W., Ferber, S., Johnson, J. H., and Newgard, C. B. 1994. Streptozotocin Transport and Cytotoxicity: Specific Enhancement in GLUT-2 Expressing Cells. Diabetes 43: 1326-1333. 31) Milburn, J. L., Jr., Hirose, H., Lee, Y.H., Nagasawa, Y., Ogawa, A., Ohneda, M., BeltrandelRio, H., Newgard, C. B., Johnson, J. H., and Unger, R. H. 1995. Pancreatic b-cells in Obesity: Evidence for Induction of Functional, Morphologic, and Metabolic Abnormalities by Increased Long Chain Fatty Acids. Journal of Biological Chemistry 270: 1295-1299. 32) Argaud, D., Lange, A.J., Becker, T.C., Okar, D.A., El-Maghrabi, R., Newgard, C.B., and Pilkis, S.J. 1995. Adenovirus-mediated Overexpression of Liver 6-PF-2-K/Fru-2,6-P2ase in Gluconeogenic Rat Hepatoma Cells: Paradoxical Effect on Fru-2,6-P2 Levels. Journal of Biological Chemistry 270: 24229-24236

33) Becker, T., Noel, R. J., Johnson, J. H., Lynch, R. M., Hirose, H., Tokuyama, Y., Bell, G. I., and Newgard, C. B. 1996. Differential Effects of Overexpressed Glucokinase and Hexokinase I in Isolated Islets: Evidence for Functional Segregation of the High and Low Km Enzymes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 390-394 34) O’Doherty, R., Lehman, D., Seoane, J., Gomez-Foix, A. M., Guinovart, J.J., and Newgard, C.B. 1996. Differential Metabolic Effects of Adenovirus-Mediated Glucokinase and Hexokinase I Overexpression in Rat Primary Hepatocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 20524-20530 35) Seoane, J., Gomez-Foix, A.M., O’Doherty, R. M., Gomez-Ara, C., Newgard, C. B., and Guinovart, J. J. 1996. Glucose-6-phosphate Produced by Glucokinase, but not Hexokinase is the Signal for the Activation of Hepatic Glycogen Synthase. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 23756-23760 36) Wang, M-Y., Zhou, Y-T., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1996. A Novel Leptin Receptor Isoform in Rat. FEBS Lett. 392: 87-90. 37) Agius, L., Peak, M., Newgard, C.B., Gomez-Foix, A. M., and Guinovart, J. J. 1996. Evidence for a Role of Glucose-induced Translocation of Glucokinase in the Control of Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 271: 30479-30486 38) Chen, G., Koyama, K., Yuan, X., Lee, Y., Zhou, Y-T., O’Doherty, R.M., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R. H. 1996. Disappearance of Body Fat in Normal Rats Induced by Adenovirus-mediated Leptin Gene Therapy. Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences, U.S.A 93: 14795-14799 39) Clark, S., Quaade, C., Constandy, H., Hansen, P., Halban, P., Ferber, S., Newgard, C.B., Normington, K. 1997. Novel Insulinoma Cell Lines Produced by Iterative Engineering of GLUT-2, Glucokinase, and Human Insulin Expression. Diabetes 46: 958-967 40) Hohmeier, H., BeltrandelRio, H., Clark, S., Henkel-Reiger, R., Normington, K, and Newgard, C.B. 1997. Regulation of Insulin Secretion from Novel Engineered Insulinoma Cell Lines. Diabetes 46: 968-977 41) Noel, L. E. and Newgard, C. B. 1997. Structural Domains that Contribute to Substrate Specificity in Facilitated Glucose Transporters are Distinct from Those Involved in Kinetic Function: Studies with GLUT1/GLUT2 Chimeras. Biochemistry 36: 5465-5475 42) Argaud, D., Kirby, T. L., Newgard, C.B., Lange, A.J. 1997. Glucose Stimulation of Glucose-6-phosphatase Gene Expression in Primary Hepatocytes and Fao Hepatoma Cells. Requirement for Glucokinase Expression. Journal of Biological Chemistry 272: 12854-12861 43) Koyama, K., Chen, G., Wang, M-Y, Lee, Y., Shimabukuro, M., Zhou, Y-T., Newgard, C.B., Unger, R.H. 1997. Leptin and Diabetes: b-cell Function in Hyperleptinemic rats. Diabetes 46: 1276-1280.

44) Shimabukuro, M., Koyama, K., Chen, G., Wang, M-Y., Lee, Y., Newgard, C.B., Unger, R.H. 1997. Direct Antidiabetic Effect of Leptin Through Triglyceride Depletion of Tissues. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences 94: 4637-4641 45) Noel, R.J., Antinozzi, P., McGarry, J.D., and Newgard, C.B. 1997. Engineering of Glycerol-Stimulated Insulin Secretion in Islet b-cells: Differential Metabolic Fates of Glucose and Glycerol Provide Insight into Mechanisms of Stimulus-Secretion Coupling. Journal of Biological Chemistry 272: 18621-18627. 46) Zhou, Y-T., Shimabukuro, M., Koyama, K., Lee, Y., Wang, M-Y., Trieu, F., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1997. Induction by Leptin of Uncoupling Protein-2 and Enzymes of Fatty Acid Oxidation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 94: 6386-6390.

47) Trinh, K., Minassian, C., Lange, A., O’Doherty, R. M., and Newgard, C.B. 1997. Adenovirus-mediated Expression of the Catalytic Subunit of Glucose-6-phosphatase in INS-1 Cells: Effects on Glucose Cycling, Glucose Usage, and Insulin Secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 272: 24837-24842. 48) Seoane, J., Trinh, K., O’Doherty, R., Gomez-Foix, A.M., Lange, A.J., Newgard, C.B., and Guinovart, J.J. 1997. Metabolic Impact of Adenovirus-Mediated Overexpression of the Glucose-6-Phosphatase Catalytic Subunit in Primary Hepatocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 272: 26972-26977. 49) Wang, M-Y., Koyama, K., Shimabukuro, M., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R. H. 1998. Ob-Rb Gene Transfer to Leptin-Resistant Islets Reverses Diabetogenic Phenotype. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 95: 714-718. 50) Hohmeier, H., Thigpen, A., Tran, V., Davis, R., and Newgard, C.B. 1998. Stable Expression of Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) in Insulinoma Cells Prevents IL-1b-Induced Cytotoxicity and Reduces Nitric Oxide Production. Journal of Clinical Investigation 101: 1811-1820. 51) Berman, H. K. and Newgard, C.B. 1998. Fundamental Metabolic Differences Between Hepatocytes and Islet b-cells Revealed by Glucokinase Overexpression. Biochemistry 37: 4543-4552. 52) Antinozzi, P., Segall, L., Prentki, M., McGarry, J.D., and Newgard, C.B. 1998. Molecular or Pharmacologic Perturbation of the Link Between Glucose and Lipid Metabolism is Without Effect on Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion: A Re-evaluation of the Long-chain Acyl CoA Hypothesis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273: 16146-16154. 53) Scott, D.K., O’Doherty, R. M., Stafford, J.M., Newgard, C.B., and Granner, D.K. 1998. The Repression of Hormone-activated PEPCK Gene Expression by Glucose is Insulin-Independent but Requires Glucose Metabolism. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273: 24145-24151. 54) Zhou, Y-T., Shimabukuro, M., Wang, M-Y., Lee, Y., Higa, M., Milburn, J.L., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1998. Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor a in Disease of Pancreatic b-cells. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 95: 8898-8903.

55) Koyama, K., Shimabukuro, M., Chen, G., Wang, M-Y., Lee, Y., Kalra, P. S., Dube, M.G., Kalra, S.P., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1998. Resistance to Adenovirally-induced Hyperleptinemia in Rats: Comparison of Ventromedial Hypothalamic Lesions with Mutated Leptin Receptors. Journal of Clinical Investigation 102: 728-733 56) Shimabukuro, M., Wang, M-Y., Zhou, Y-T., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1998. Protection against b-cell Lipoapoptosis Through Leptin-Dependent Maintenance of Bcl-2 Expression. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 95: 9558-9561. 57) Baque, S., Montell, E., Guinovart, J. J., Newgard, C.B., Gomez-Foix, A.M. 1998. Expression of Glucokinase in Cultured Human Muscle Cells Confers Insulin-Independent and Glucose-Concentration Dependent Glucose Disposal and Storage. Diabetes 47: 1392-1398. 58) Berman, H.K., O’Doherty, R.M., Anderson, P., and Newgard, C.B. 1998. Overexpression of Protein Targeted to Glycogen (PTG) in Rat Hepatocytes Causes Profound Activation of Glycogen Synthesis Independent of Normal Hormone- and Substrate-Mediated Regulatory Mechanisms. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273: 26421-26425. 59) Trinh, K., O’Doherty, R., Anderson, P., Lange, A.J., and Newgard, C.B. 1998. Perturbation of Fuel Homeostasis Caused by Overexpression of the Glucose-6-Phosphatase Catalytic Subunit in Liver of Normal Rats. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273: 31615-31620. 60) Wang, M-Y, Koyama, K., Shimabukuro, M., Mangelsdorf, D., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1998. Overexpression of Leptin Receptors (Ob-Rb) in Pancreatic Islets of Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats Resores GLUT-2, Glucokinase, and Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion. Proceedings National Academy Sciences U.S.A. 95: 11921-11926. 61) Shimabukuro, M., Higa, M., Zhou, Y-T., Wang, M-Y, Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1998. Lipoapoptosis in beta-cells of Obese, Prediabetic fa/fa Rats: Role of Serine Palmitoyl Transferase Overexpression. Journal of Biological Chemistry 273: 32487-32490. 62) Wang, M-Y, Shimabukuro, M., Lee, Y., Trinh, K., Chen, J-L., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1999. Adenovirus-mediated Overexpression of Uncoupling Protein-2 in Pancreatic Islets of Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats Increases Oxidative Activity and Improves beta-cell Function. Diabetes 48: 1020-1025.

63) Gasa, R., Trinh, K., Yu, K., Wilkie, T.M., and Newgard, C.B. 1999. Manipulation of Inositol Phosphate Levels by Overexpression of Phospholipase C Isoforms and/or Heterotrimeric G Protein Subunits is Without Effect on Insulin Secretion. Diabetes 48: 1035-1044 64) Zhou, Y-T., Wang, Z-W, Higa, M., Newgard, C.B., and Unger, R.H. 1999. Reversing Adipocyte Differentiation: Implications for Treatment of Obesity. Proceedings National Academy Sciences, U.S.A.96: 2391-2395.

65) Seijffers, R., Cohen, Y., Grimberg, Y., Hadad, O., Einav, Y., Berezin, M., Cohen, O., Karasik, A., Lunenfeld, B., Newgard, C.B. and Ferber, S. 1999. Overexpression of PDX-1 Suppresses Insulin Gene Expression in RIN 1046-38 Cells, Endocrinology 140: 3311-3317. 66) O’Doherty, R.M., Anderson, P.R., Zhao, A.Z., Bornfeldt, K.E., and Newgard, C.B. 1999. Sparing Effect of Leptin on Liver Glycogen Stores in Rats During the Fed to Fasted Transition. American Journal of Physiology 40: E544-E550. 67) O’Doherty, R.M., Lehman, D., Telemaque-Potts, S., and Newgard, C.B. 1999. Metabolic Impact of Glucokinase Overexpression in Liver: Lowering of Blood Glucose in Fed Rats is Accompanied by Hyperlipidemia Diabetes 48: 2022-2027. 68) Aiston, S., Trinh, K., Lange, A.J., Newgard, C.B., Agius, L. 1999. Glucose-6-phosphate in Hepatocytes is Buffered by Glucose-6-phosphatase and does not Regulate Glucokinase Translocation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 274: 24559-24566. 69) Gaisano, H.Y., Huang, X.H., Sheu, L., Ghai, M., Newgard, C.B., Trinh, K. Y., Trimble, W.S. 1999. Snare Protein Expression and Adenoviral Transfection of Amphicrine AR42J. Biochemical & Biophysical Research Communications 260: 781-784.

70) Jiminez-Chillarsn, J.C., Newgard, C. B., Gomez-Foix, A.M. 1999. Increased Glucose Disposal Induced By Adenovirus-mediated Expression of Glucokinase in Skeletal Muscle. FASEB Journal 13: 2153-2160. 71) Seoane, J., Barbera, A., Telemaque-Potts, S., Newgard, C.B., and Guinovart, J.J. 1999. Glucokinase Overexpression Restores Glucose Utilization and Storage in Cultured Hepatocytes from Male Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats. Journal of Biological Chemistry 274: 31833-31838.

72) Chen, G., Hohmeier, H.E., Gasa, R., Tran, V., and Newgard, C.B. 2000. Selection of Insulinoma Cell Lines with Resistance to IL-1b- and IFN-g-induced Cytotoxicity. Diabetes 49: 562-570. 73) Hohmeier, H., Mulder, H., Chen, G., Henkel-Reiger, R., Prentki, M., Newgard, C.B. 2000. Isolation of INS-1-Derived Cell Lines with Robust KATP Channel-Dependent and –Independent Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion. Diabetes 49: 424-430. 74) O’Doherty, R., Jensen, P.B., Anderson, P., Jones, J.G., Berman, H.K., Kearney, D., and Newgard, C.B. 2000. Overexpression of a Glycogen-Targeting Subunit of Protein Phosphatase-1 in Liver of Normal Rats Activates Direct and Indirect Pathways of Glycogen Synthesis. Journal of Clinical Investigation 105: 479-488.

75) Buettner, R., Newgard, C.B., Rhodes, C.J., and O’Doherty, R.M. 2000. Correction of Diet-induced Leptin and Insulin Resistance Via Moderate Elevation of Plasma Leptin. American Journal of Physiology 278: E563-E569.

76) Gasa, R., Jensen, P-B., Berman, H., Brady, M.J., Roach, A.D., and Newgard, C.B. 2000. Differential Regulatory and Metabolic Properties of Glycogen Targeting Subunits (PTG, GL, GM) Expressed in Hepatocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275: 26396-26403. 77) Roduit, R., Morin, J., Masse, F., Segall, L., Roche, E., Newgard, C.B., Assimacopoulos-Jeannet, F., and Prentki, M. 2000. Glucose Regulates the Expression of the PPARa Gene in the Pancreatic b-cell. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275: 35799-35806. 78) Lerín, C., Montell, E., Berman, H.K., Newgard, C.B., Gómez-Foix, A.M. 2000. PTG Overexpression in Cultured Human Muscle Cells Stimulates Glycogen Synthesis Independent of Glycogen and Glucose-6-P Levels. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275: 39991-39995. 79) Bandyopadhyay, G., Sajan, M.P., Kanoh, Y., Standaert, M.L., Burke, R.T., Jr., Quon, M., Noel, L.E., Newgard, C.B., and Farese, R.V. 2000. Glucose Activates MAP Kinase (ERK) Through the Glut1 Glucose Transporter Independently of Subsequent Metabolism and Protein Kinase C Activation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 275: 40817-40826.

80) Chen, G., Hohmeier, H.E., and Newgard, C.B. 2001. Expression of the Transcription Factor STAT-1a in Insulinoma Cells Protects Against Cytotoxicity Induced by Multiple Cytokines. Journal of Biological Chemistry 276: 766-772. 81) Wu, C., Okar, D.A., Newgard, C.B. and Lange, A.J. 2001. Overexpression of 6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/Fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase in Mouse Liver lowers Blood Glucose by Suppression of Hepatic Glucose Production. Journal of Clinical Investigation 107: 91-98. 82) An, J., Li, Y., van de Werve, G., and Newgard, C.B. 2001. Overexpression of the P46 (T1) Translocase Component of the Glucose-6-phosphatase Complex in Hepatocytes Impairs Glycogen Accumulation via Hydrolysis of Glucose-1-Phosphate. Journal of Biological Chemistry 276: 10722-10729. 83) Mulder, H., Lu, D., Finley, J., An, J., Cohen, J., Antinozzi, P., McGarry, J.D., Newgard, C.B. 2001. Overexpression of a Modified Human Malonyl-CoA Decarboxylase Blocks the Glucose-Regulated Increase in Malonyl CoA Level but has no Impact on Insulin Secretion in INS-1-derived (832/13) b-cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry 276: 6479-6484. 84) Yoon, J.C., Puigserver,P., Chen G., Wu, Z., Rhee,J., Adelmant,G., Stafford,J., Kahn, C.R., Granner,D., Newgard,C.B. and Spiegelman, B.M. 2001. Control of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis Through the Transcriptional Coactivator PGC-1. Nature 413: 131-138. 85) Wu, C., Okar, D.A., Newgard, C.B., and Lange, A.J. 2002. Increating fructose-2,6,-bisphosphate overcomes hepatic insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrin. Metab. 282: EE38-45. 86) Jiménez-Chillarón. J.C., Telemaque-Potts, S., Gómez-Valadés, A.G., Newgard, C.B., Anderson, P., and Gómez-Foix, A.M. 2002. Glucokinase Gene Transfer to Skeletal Muscle of Diabetic Zucker

Fatty Rats Improves Insulin-Sensitive Glucose Uptake. Metabolism: Clinical & Experimental 51: 121-126 87) Yang, R., Cao, L., Gasa, G., Brady, M., Sherry, A.D., and Newgard, C.B. 2002. Glycogen Targeting Subunits and Glucokinase Differentially Affect Pathways of Glycogen Metabolism and Their Regulation in Hepatocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 277:1514-1523. 88) Gasa, R., Clark, C., Yang, R., DePaoli Roach, A., and Newgard, C.B. 2002. Reversal of Diet-Induced Glucose Intolerance by Hepatic Expression of a Variant Glycogen Targeting Subunit of Protein Phosphatase-1. Journal of Biological Chemistry277: 1524-1530.

89) Montell, E., Lerin, C., Newgard, C.B., Gomez-Foix, A.M. 2002. Effects of Modulation of Glycerol Kinase Expression on Lipid and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Human Muscle Cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry 277: 2682-2686 90) Lu, D., Mulder, H., Zhao, P., Burgess, S.C., Jensen, M.V., Kamzolova, S., Newgard, C.B., Sherry, A.D. 2002. 13C NMR isotopomer analysis reveals a connection between pyruvate cycling and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S. A. 99: 2708-2713

91) Antinozzi, P.A., Ishihara, H., Newgard, C.B., and Wollheim, C.B. 2002. Mitochondrial metabolism sets the maximal limit of fuel-stimulated insulin secretion in a model pancreatic beta cell: a survey of four fuel secretagogues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 277: 11746-11755 92) Guan, H., Li, Y., Jensen, M.V., Newgard, C.B., Steppan, C.M., and Lazar, M.A. 2002. A Futile Metabolic Cycle Activated in Adipocytes by Antidiabetic Agents. Nature Medicine 8: 1122-1128. 93) Tran, V., Chen, G., Newgard, C.B., and Hohmeier, H.E. 2003. Discrete and complementary mechanisms of protection against cytokine-induced and oxidative damage achieved by bcl-2 overexpression and a cytokine selection strategy. Diabetes 52: 1423-1432. 94) Yang, R. and Newgard, C.B. 2003. Hepatic expression of a targeting subunit of protein phosphatase-1 in STZ-diabetic rats reverses hyperglycemia and hyperphagia despite depressed glucokinase expression. Journal of Biological Chemistry 278: 23418-23425. 95) Yoon, J.C., Xu, G., Deeney, J.T., Yang, S-N., Rhee, J., Puigserver, P., Yang, R., Zhang, C-Y., Corkey, B.E., Lowell, B.B., Berggren, P-O., Newgard, C.B., Bonner-Weir, S., and Spiegelman, B.M. 2003. Transcriptional Coactivator PGC-1a Inhibits Insulin Secretion via Modulation of b-cell Energy Metabolism. Developmental Cell 5: 73-83 96) St-Pierre, J., Lin, J., Krausse, S., Tarr, P.T., Yang, R., Newgard, C.B., and Spiegelman, B.M. 2003. Bioenergetic analysis of PGC-1a and PGC-1b in Muscle Cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry 278: 26597-26603

97) Lerin, C., Montell, E., Nolasco, T.,, Clark, C., Brady, M.J., Newgard, C.B., Gomez-Foix, A.M. 2003. Regulation and function of the muscle glycogen-targeting subunit of protein phosphatase 1

(GM) in human muscle cells depends on the C-terminal region and glycogen content. Diabetes 52: 2221-2226

98) Lin, J., Tarr, P.T., Yang, R., Rhee, J., Puigserver, P., Newgard, C.B., Spiegelman, B.M. 2003. PGC-1b in the Regulation of Hepatic Glucose and Energy Metabolism. Journal of Biological Chemistry 278: 30843-30848,

99) Ramanadham S., Song H., Hsu, F., Zhang S., Crankshaw M., Grant G.A., Newgard C.B., Bao S., Ma, Z., Turk J. 2003. Pancreatic islets and insulinoma cells express a novel isoform of group VIA phospholipase A2 (iPLA2b) that participates in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and is not produced by alternative splicing of the iPLA2b transcript. Biochemistry 47, 13929-13940. 100) An, J., Muoio, D.M., Shiota, M., Fujimoto, Y., Cline, G.W., Shulman, G.I.,, Stevens, R., Millington, D., and Newgard, C.B. 2004. Hepatic Expression of Malonyl CoA Decarboxylase Reverses Muscle, Liver, and Whole-Animal Insulin Resistance. Nature Medicine 10: 268-274 101) Boucher, A., Lu, D., Burgess, S., Telemaque-Potts, S., Jensen, M., Mulder, H., Wang, M-Y., Unger, R.H., Sherry, A.D., and Newgard, C.B. 2004. Mechanism of lipid-induced impairment of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and its reversal by an analogue of malate. Journal of Biological Chemistry 279: 27263-27271. 102) Bain, J., Schisler, JC, Takeuchi, K, Newgard, C.B., Becker, T.C. 2004. An adenovirus vector for efficient RNAi-mediated suppression of target genes in insulinoma cells and pancreatic islets of Langherhans. Diabetes53: 2190-2194. 103) Muoio, D., Newgard, C.B. 2004. Insulin Resistance Takes a Trip Through the ER. Science 306: 425-426. 104) Lin J, Yang R, Tarr PT, Wu, P-H, Yang W, Uldry M, Newgard CB, Spielgeman BM. 2005. Hyperlipidemic Effects of Dietary Saturated Fatty Acids Mediated Through PGC-1b Coactivation of SREBP. Cell 120:261-273.

105) Schisler J, Jensen PB, Taylor, DG, Becker TC, Knop F, Lu, D., German M, Weir G, Mirmira R, and Newgard CB. 2005. The Nkx 6.1 homeodomain transcription factor suppresses glucagon expression and regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in islet b-cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 102: 7297-7302. 106) Samli, K.N., McGuire, M.J., Newgard, C.B., Johnston, S.A., Brown, D.C. 2005. Peptide-mediated targeting of the islets of Langerhans. Diabetes 54: 2103-2108.

107) Iype, T., Francis, J., Garmey, J.C., Schisler, J.C., Nesher, R., Weir, G.C., Becker, T.C., Newgard, C.B., Griffen, S.C., Mirmira, R.G. 2005. Mechanism of insulin gene regulation by the pancreatic transcription factor Pdx-1. Journal of Biological Chemistry 280: 16798-16807.

108) De, J., Chang, Y-C., Samli, K.N, Schisler, J., Newgard, C.B., Johnston, S.A., Brown, K.C. 2005. Isolation of a Mycoplasma-specific binding peptide from an unbiased phage-displayed peptide library. Molecular Biosystems 1: 149-157.

109) Muoio, D.M., Newgard, C.B. 2005. A is for adipokine. Nature 436: 337-338.

110) Koves, T. R., Li, P., An, J., Slentz, D., Ilkayeva, O., Akimoto, T., Dohm, G.L., Yan, Z., Newgard, C.B., Muoio, D.M. 2005. PGC1�-mediated metabolic remodeling of skeletal muscle mimics exercise training and reverses lipid-induced mitochondrial inefficiency. Journal of Biological Chemistry 280: 33588-98. 111) Haqq, A., Lien, L.F., Boan, J., Arlotto, M., Slentz, C.A., Muehlbauer, M.J., Rochon, J., Gallup, D., McMahon, R.L., Bain, J.R., Stevens, R., Millington, D., Butler, M.D., Newgard, C.B., Svetkey, L.P. 2005. The Study of the Effects of Diet on Metabolism and Nutrition (STEDMAN) Project: Rationale and Design. Contemporary Clinical Trials 26: 616-625. 112) Hohmeier, H.E. and Newgard, C.B. 2005. Islets for all? Nature Biotechnology 10: 1231-1232. 113) Collier, J.J., Fueger, P.T., Hohmeier, H.E., Newgard, C.B. 2006. Pro- and Anti-apoptotic proteins regulate apoptosis but do not protect against cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity in rat islets and b-cell lines. Diabetes 55: 1398-1406. 114) Chen, S., Ding, J-H., Bekeredjian, R., Yang, B-Z., Shoet, R.V., Johnston, S.A., Hohmeier, H.E., Newgard, C.B., Grayburn, P.A. 2006. Efficient gene delivery to pancreatic islets with ultrasonic microbubble destruction technology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 103: 8469-8474. 115) Jensen, M.V., Joseph, J., Ilkayeva, O., Burgess, S., Lu, D., Ronnebaum, S., Odegaard, M., Becker, T.C., Sherry, A.D., Newgard, C.B. 2006. Compensatory responses to pyruvate carboxylase suppression in islet beta-cells: Preservation of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281: 22342-22351. 116) Ronnebaum, S., Joseph, J.W., Burgess, S.C., Lu, D., Ilkayeva, O., Stevens, R., Becker, T.C., Muehlbauer, J., Sherry, A.D., Newgard, C.B., Jensen, M.V. 2006. A pyruvate cycling pathway involving cytosolic NAPD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281: 31041-31049. 117) Joseph, J.W., Jensen, M.V., Ilkayeva, O., Palmieri, F., Alarcon, C., Rhodes, C.J., Newgard, C.B. 2006. The mitochondrial citrate carrier plays a regulatory role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281: 35624-35632. 118) Raum, J.C., Gerrish, K., Artner, I., Henderson, E., Sussel, L., Schisler, J.C., Newgard, C.B., Stein, R. 2006. Foxa2, Nkx2.2, and Pdx-1 regulate islet b-cell specific mafA expression through conserved sequences located between -8118 to -7748 base pairs upstream from the transcription start site. Molecular Cellular Biology 26: 5735-5743,

119) Qi, L., Heredia, J., Screaton, R., Altarejos, JY, Goebel N., Niessen, S, MaLeod IX, Liew CW, Kulkarni R., Bain J, Newgard, C.B., Nelson, M., Evans, R.M., Yates, J., and Montminy, M. 2006. TRB3 links the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 to lipid metabolism. Science 312: 1763-1766. 120) Li, L., Mashek, D.G., An, J., Doughman, S.D., Newgard, C.B., Coleman, R.A. 2006. Overexpression of rat long chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 alters fatty acid metabolism in rat primary hepatocytes. Journal of Biological Chemistry 281: 37246-37255 121) Pedersen, K.B., Zhang, P., Doumen C., Charbonnet, M., Lu, D., Newgard, C.B., Haycock, J.W., Lange, A.J., Scott, D.K. 2007. The promoter for the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of rat glucose-6-phosphatase contains two distinct glucose-responsive regions. American Journal of Physiology 292: E788-801. 122) Hardy, O.T., Hohmeier, H.E., Becker, T.C., Manduchi E., Doliba, N.M, Gupta, R.K., White, P., Stoeckert C.J., Matschinsky F.M., Newgard, C.B., Kaestner, K.H. 2007. Functional genomics of the beta-cell: SCHAD regulates insulin secretion independent of K+ currents. Molecular Endocrinology 21: 765-773. 123) Gleason, C.E., Lu, D., Witters, L., Newgard, C.B., Birnbaum, M.J. 2007. The role of AMPK and mTOR in nutrient sensing in pancreatic b-cells. Journal of Biological Chemistry 282: 10341-10351. 124) Zhang Y-M., Chohnan, S., Virga, K.G., Stevens, R.D., Ilkayeva, O.R., Wenner B. R., Bain, J.R., Newgard, C.B., Lee, R.E., Rock, C.O., Jackowski, S. 2007. Chemical knockout of pantothenate kinase reveals the metabolic and genetic program for hepatic coenzyme A homeostasis. Chemistry and Biology 14: 291-302 125) Nagle, C.A., An, J., Shiota, M., Torres, T.P., Cline, G.W., Liu, Z-X., Wang, S., Catlin, R.L., Shulman, G.I., Newgard, C.B., Coleman R.A. 2007. Hepatic overexpression of glycerol-sn-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1 in rats causes insulin resistance. Journal of Biological Chemistry 282: 14807-14815 126) Monetti, M., Levin, M.C., Watt, M.J., Sajan, M.P., Marmor, S., Hubbard, B.K., Stevens, R.D., Bain, J.R., Newgard, C.B., Farese, R.V., Sr., Hevener, A., Farese, R. V., Jr. 2007. Dissociation of hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice overexpressing DGAT in the liver. Cell Metabolism 6: 69-78

127) Montori-Grau, M., Guitart, M., Lerin, C., Andreu, A.L., Newgard, C.B., Garcia-Martinez, C., Gomez-Foix, A.M. 2007. Expression and glycogenic effect of glycogen targeting protein phosphatase-1 regulatory subunit GL in cultured human muscle. Biochemical Journal 405: 107-113

128) Haqq AM, Muehlbauer M., Svetkey, L.P., Newgard, C.B., Purnell, O., Grambow, S.C., Freemark M.S. 2007. Altered distribution of adiponectin isoforms in children with PWS: association with insulin sensitivity and circulating satiety peptide hormones. Clinical Endocrinology 67: 944-951.

129) Joseph, J.W., Odegaard, M. L., Ronnebaum, S.M., Burgess, S.C., Muehlbauer, J., Sherry, A.D., Newgard, C.B. 2007. Normal flux through ATP-citrate lyase or fatty acid synthase is not required for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 282: 31592-31600. 130) Levin, M., Monetti, M., Watt, M., Sajan, M, Stevens, R., Bain, J.R., Newgard, C.B., Farese, R, Jr. 2007. Increased lipid accumulation and insulin resistance in transgenic mice expressing DGAT2 in glycolytic (type II) muscle. American Journal of Physiology 293: E1772-E1781. 131) Koves, TR, Ussher, JR, Slentz, D., Mosedale, M., Ilkayeva, O., Bain, JR, Stevens, R., Dyck, J., Newgard, C.B., Lopaschuk, G., Muoio, D.M. 2008. Mitochondrial overload and incomplete fatty acid oxidation contribute to skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism 7: 45-56.

132) Kimple, M.E., Joseph, J.W., Bailey, C.L., Fueger, P.T., Kelly, P., Newgard, C.B., Casey, P.J. 2008. Genetic deletion of Gaz increases insulin secretion and improves glucose homeostasis in mice. Journal of Biological Chemistry 283: 4560-4567. 133) Ferrara, CT, Wang P, Stevens, RD, Neto EC, Bain JR, Choi Y, Keller MP, Kendziorski CM, Yandell BS, Wenner BR, Oler AT, Basiole DA, Ilkayeva OR, Newgard, CB*, Attie, AD*. 2008. Genetic networks of liver metabolism revealed by integration of metabolic and transcriptomic profiling. PLoS Genetics 4: e1000034. *Co-senior authors 134) Schisler J, Fueger, P. T., Babu, D. A., Hohmeier, H.E., Tessem, J. S., Lu, D., Becker, T.C., Naziruddin, B., Levy, M., Mirmira R.G., and Newgard CB. 2008. Stimulation of human and rat islet-bell proliferation with retention of function by the homeodomain transcription factor Nkx6.1. Molecular and Cellular Biology 28: 3465-3476. 135) Fueger, P.T., Schisler, J.S., Lu, D., Babu, D.A., Mirmira, R.G., Newgard, C.B., Hohmeier, H.E. 2008. Trefoil factor-3 stimulates b-cell replication in human and rodent pancreatic islets. Molecular Endocrinology 22: 1251-1259.

136) Ronnebaum, S.M., Joseph, J.W., Ilkayeva, O., Burgess, S.C., Lu, D., Becker, T.C., Sherry, A.D., Newgard, C.B. 2008. Chronic suppression of acetyl CoA carboxylase-1 in beta-cells impairs insulin secretion via inhibition of glucose rather than lipid metabolism. Journal of Biological Chemistry 283: 14248-14256. 137) Muoio, D.M. and Newgard, C.B. 2008. Fatty acid oxidation and insulin action: when less is more. Diabetes 57: 1455-1456. 138) Haqq, A.M., Grambow, S.C., Muehlbauer, M., Newgard, C.B., Svetkey, L. P., Carrel, A. L., Yanovski, J.A., Purnell, J. Q., Freemark, M. 2008. Ghrelin concentrations in Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) infants and childrens: changes during development. Clinical Endocrinology 69: 911-920. 139) Ronnebaum, S.M., Jensen, M. V., Hohmeier, H.E., Burgess, S.C., Zhou, Y-P., Qian, S., MacNeil, D., Howard, A., Thornberry, N., Ilkayeva O., Lu, D., Sherry, A.D., Newgard, C. B. 2008. Silencing of cytosolic or mitochondrial isoforms of malic enzyme has no effect on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from rodent islets. Journal of Biological Chemistry 283: 28909-28917

140) Lien, L.F., Haqq, A. M., Arlotto, M., Slentz, C.A., Muehlbauer, M.J., McMahon, R.L., Rochon, J., Gallup, D., Bain, J.R., Stevens, R., Ilkayeva, O., Millington, D., Butler, M.D., Newgard, C.B., Svetkey, L.P. 2008. The STEDMAN Project: Biophysical, biochemical, and metabolic effects of a behavioral weight loss intervention during weight loss, maintenance, and regain. Omics 13: 21-35. 141) Lavine, J.A., Raess, P.W., Davis, D.B., Rabaglia, M.E., Presley, B.K., Beinfeld, M.C., Newgard, C.B., Attie, A.D. 2008. Cholecystokinin overexpression stimulates b-cell proliferation in mouse and human islets with retention of function. Molecular Endocrinology 22: 2716-2728. 142) Chopra, A., Louet, J-F., Saha, P., DMayo, F., Xu, J., York, B., Sarpen, S., Finegold, M., Moore, D., Chan, L., An, J., Newgard, C.B., O’Malley, B.W. 2008. Steroid receptor coactivator SRC-2 governs hepatic glucose production and its absence results in Von Gierke’s disease. Science 322: 1395-1399. 143) Shah SH, Freedman NJ, Crosslin DR, Stone DH, Zhang L, Haynes C, Hale AB, Johnson J, Nelson S, Wang L, Muehlbauer M, Crossman DC, Jones CJH, Vance J, Sketch M, Granger CB, Newgard CB, Gregory S, Goldschmidt-Clermont PJ, Hauser ER, Kraus WE. 2008. Neuropeptide Y gene polymorphisms confer risk of early-onset atherosclerosis. PLoS Genetics 5: e1000318. 144) Turer, A.T., Stevens, R. D., Bain, J.R., Muehlbauer, M.J., van der Westhuizen J., Mathew, J. P., Schwinn, D.A., Glower, D.D., Newgard, C.B.*, Podgoreanu, M.V.*2008. Metabolomic profiling reveals distinct patterns of metabolic substrate utilization in humans with coronary artery disease or left ventricular dysfunction during surgical ischemia-reperfusion. Circulation 119: 1736-1746. * Co-senior authors.

145) Torres TP, Catlin RL, Chan, R., Fujimoto, Y., Sasaki, N., Printz, R.L., Newgard, C.B., Shiota, M. 2008. Restoration of hepatic glucokinase expression corrects hepatic glucose flux and normalizes plasma glucose in Zucker Diabetic fatty rats. Diabetes 58: 78-86. 146) Newgard, C.B., An, J., Bain, J.R., Muehlbauer, M.J., Stevens, R.D., Lien, L.F., Haqq, A.M., Shah, S.H., Arolotto, M., Slentz, C.A., Rochon, J., Gallup, D., Ilkayeva, O., Wenner, B.R., Yancy, W.E., Eisenson, H., Musante, G., Surwit, R., Millington, D.S., Butler, M.D., Svetkey, L.P. 2009. A branched-chain amino acid-related metabolic signature that differentiates obese and lean humans and contributes to insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism 9: 311-326. 147) Lamers, Y., Williamson, J., Ralat, M., Quinlivan, E.P., Gilbert, L.R., Keeling, C., Stevens, R.D., Newgard, C.B., Ueland, P.M., Meyer, K., Fredricksen, A., Stacpoole, P.W., Gregory, JF 3rd. 2009. Moderate dietary vitamin B-6 restriction raises plasma glycine and cytathionine concentrations while minimally affecting the rates of glycine turnover and glycine cleavage in healthy men and women. Journal of Nutrition 139: 452-460.

148) Wardell, S.E., Ilkayeva, O.R., Wieman, H., Rathmell, J.C., Newgard, C.B., McDonnell, D.P. 2009. Glucose metabolism as a target of histone deacetylase inhibitors. Molecular Endocrinology 23: 388-401. 149) Shah, S.H., Hauser, E.R., Bain, J.R., Muehlbauer, M.J., Haynes, C., Stevens, R.D., Wenner, B.R., Dowdy, Z.E., Granger, C.B., Ginsburg, G.S., Newgard, C.B., Kraus, W.E. 2009. High

heritability of metabolomic profiles in families burdened with premature cardiovascular disease. Molecular Systems Biology 5: 258-266. 150) Malakauskas, S.M., Kournay, W.M., Lu, D., Stevens, R., Koves, T.R., Frey, C.W., Hohmeier, H.E., Muoio, D.M., Newgard, C.B., Le, T.H. 2009. Increased insulin sensitivity in mice lacking collectrin, a downstream target of HNF-1a. Molecular Endocrinology 23: 881-892. 151) Grasfeder, L.L., Gaillard, S., Hammes, S.R., Ilkayeva, O., Newgard, C.B., Hochberg, R.B., Dwyer, M.A., Chang, C., McDonnell, D.P. 2009. Fasting-induced hepatic production of DHEA is regulated by PGC-1a, ERRa, and HNF4a. Molecular Endocrinology 23: 1171-1182. 152) Huffman, K.M., Shah, S.H., Stevens, R.D., Bain, J.R., Muehlbauer, M., Slentz, C.A., Tanner, C.J., Kuchibhatla, M., Houmard, J.A., Newgard, C.B., Kraus, W.E. 2009. Relationships between circulating metabolic intermediates and insulin action in middle-aged overweight to obese inactive men and women. Diabetes Care 32: 1678-1683 153) Anderson, K.R., Torres, C., Solomon, K., Becker, T.C., Newgard, C.B., Wright, C.V., Hagman, J., Susel, L. 2009. Cooperative transcriptional regulation of the essential pancreatic islet gene NeuroD1 (beta2) by Nkx2.2 and neurogenin 3. Journal of Biological Chemistry 284: 31236-31248. 154) Chao, L.C., Wroblewski, K., Zhang, Z., Pei, L., Vergnes, L., Reue, K., Watt, M.J., Ilkayeva, O., Newgard, C.B., Pilch, P.F., Hevener, A.L., Tontonoz, P. 2009. Insulin resistance and altered systemic glucose metabolism in mice lacking Nur77. Diabetes 58: 2788-2796. 155) Dong, B., Saha, P.K., Head, D., Huang, W., Russell, D.W., Wakil, S.J., Ilkayeva, O., Stevens, R., Newgard, C.B., Chan, L., Moore, D.D. 2009. Activation of nuclear receptor CAR improves diabetes and fatty liver disease. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 106: 18831-18836. 156) Shah, S.H., Bain, J., Crosslin, D.R., Muehlbauer, M.J., Stevens, R., Haynes, C., Dungan, J., Newby, L.K., Hauser, E.R., Ginsburg, G.S., Newgard, C.B., Kraus, W.E. 2010. Association of a peripheral blood metabolic profile with coronary artery disease and risk of subsequent cardiovascular events. Circulation Cardiovascular Genetics 3: 207-214. 157) Tai, E-S. Tan, M.L.S., Stevens, R.D., Low, Y-L, Muehlbauer, M., Goh, DLM, Ilkayeva O, Wenner B, Bain JR, Lee JJM, Lim S-C, Shah, S., Newgard, CB. 2010. Insulin resistance is associated with a metabolic profile of altered protein metabolism in Chinese and Asian-Indian men. Diabetologia 53: 757-767. 158) Hirschey, M.D., Shimazu, T., Schwer, B., Lombard, D.B., Goetzman, E., Jing, E., Grueter, C.A., Li, Y., Ilkayeva, O., Stevens, R.D., Saha, A.K., Bain, J.R., Newgard, C.B., Farese, R.V. Jr., Kahn, C. Ronald, Alt, F.W., Verdin, E. 2010. SIRT3 regulates fatty acid oxidation via reversible enzyme deacetylation. Nature 464: 121-125. 159) Maynard, J.C., Pham, T., Zheng, T., Jockheck-Clark, A., Rankin, H.B., Newgard, C.B., Spana, E.P., Nicchitta, C.V. 2010. Gp93, the Drosophila GRP94 ortholog, is required for gut epithelial homeostasis and nutrient assimilation-coupled growth control. Developmental Biology 339: 295-306.

160) Lavine, JA, Raess, P.W., Davis, D.B, Rabaglia, M. E., Presley, B.K., Keller, M.P., Beinfeld, M.C., Kopin, A.S., Newgard, C.B., Attie, A.D. 2010. Contamination with E1A-positive wild-type adenovirus accounts for species-specific stimulation of islet cell proliferation by CCK: A cautionary note. Molecular Endocrinology 24: 464-467. 161) Healy, J., Nilsson, K., Hohmeier, H.E., Petrovick J., Davis, J., Hoffman, J., Kohler, M., Berggren, P-O., Newgard, C.B., Bennett, V. 2010. Cholinergic augmentation of insulin release requires ankyrin-B. Science Signaling 3: ra19 162) Wang, M-Y, Chen L, Clark GO, Lee Y, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva OR, Wenner BR, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Unger RH. 2010. New therapy for type 1 diabetes. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 107: 4813-4819 (Feature Article) 163) Zhang W., Telemaque, S., Augustiniak R, Anderson P, Thomas G.D, An J, Wang Z, Newgard C.B., Victor R.G. 2010. Adenovirus-mediate leptin expression normalizes hypertension associated with diet-induced obesity. Journal of Neuroendocrinology 22: 175-180.

164) Odegaard, ML, Joseph JW, Jensen, M.V., Lu, D., Ilkayeva, O., Ronnebaum, S.M., Becker, T.C., Newgard, C.B. 2010. The mitochondrial 2-oxoglutarate carrier is part of a metabolic pathway that mediates glucose- and glutamine-stimulated insulin secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 285: 16530-16537. 165) Kelly P., Bailey C.L., Fueger, P.T., Newgard, C.B., Casey, P.J., Kimple M.E. 2010. Rap1 promotes multiple pancreatic islet cell functions and signals through mTOR complex 1 to enhance proliferation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 285: 15777-15785 166) Rey F.E., Faith J. J., Bain, J.R., Muehlbauer, M.J., Stevens, M.J., Newgard, C.B., Gordon, J.I. 2010. Dissecting the in vivo niches of two human gut acetogens. Journal of Biological Chemistry 16: 22082-22090. 167) Civitarese AE, MacLean PS, Carling S, Kerr-Bayles L, McMillan RP, Pierce A, Becker TC, Moro C, Finlayson J, Lefort N, Newgard C.B., Mandarino L, Cefalu W, Walder K, Collier GR, Hulver MW, Smith SR, Ravussin E. 2010. Regulation of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and insulin signaling by the mitochondrial rhomboid protease PARL. Cell Metabolism 11: 412-426. 168) Han JC, Muehlbauer MJ, Cui HN, Newgard C.B., Haqq AM. Lower brain-derived neurotrophic factor in patients with Prader-Willi syndrome compared to obese and lean control subjects. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 95: 3532-3536. 169) Huffman KM, Slentz CA, Bateman LA, Thompson D, Muehlbauer MJ, Bain JR, Stevens RD, Wenner BR, Kraus VB, Newgard CB, Kraus WE. 2010. Exercise-induced changes in metabolic intermediates, hormones, and inflammatory markers associate with improvements in insulin sensitivity. Diabetes Care 34: 174-176. 170) Louet JF, Chopra AR, Sagen JV, An J, York B, Tannour-Louet M, Saha PK, Stevens RD, Wenner BR, Ilkayeva OR, Bain JR, Zhou S, Demayo F, Xu J, Newgard CB, O’Malley BW. 2010.

The coactivator SRC-1 is an essential coordinator of hepatic glucose production. Cell Metabolism 12:606-618. 171) Haqq AM, Muehlbauer MJ, Newgard CB, Grambow S, Freemark M. 2010. The metabolic phenotype of Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) in childhood: Heightened insulin sensitivity relative to body mass index. J. Clin Endocrinol. Metab. 96: E225-232. 172) Redman LM, Huffman KM, Landerman LR, Pieper CF, Bain JR, Muehlbauer, MJ, Stevens RD, Wenner BR, Kraus VB, Newgard CB, Kraus WE, Ravussin E. 2010. Effect of caloric restriction with and without exercise on metabolic intermediates in non-obese men and women. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 96: E312-321. 173) Lum H, Sloane R, Huffman KM, Kraus V, Thompson DK, Kraus WE, Bain JR, Stevens RD, Pieper CF, Taylor GA, Newgard CB, Cohen HJ, Morey MC. 2011. Plasma acylcarnitines are associated with physical performance in elderly men. Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences 66: 548-553. 174) Horn SR, Thomenius MJ, Johnson ES, Freel CD, Wu JQ, Coloff JL, Yang CS, Tang W, An J, Ilkayeva OR, Rathmell JC, Newgard CB., Kornbluth S. 2011. Regulation of mitochondrial morphology by APC/CCdh1-mediated control of Drp1 stability. Molecular Biology of the Cell 22: 1207-1216.

175) Sampey BP, Vanhoose AM, Winfield HM, Freemerman AJ, Muehlbauer MJ, Fueger PT, Newgard CB, Makowski L. 2011. Cafeteria diet is a robust model of human metabolic syndrome with liver and adipose inflammation: comparison to high-fat diet. Obesity 19: 1109-1117. 176) Lemaire, K., Granvik, M., Becker, T.C., Newgard, C.B., Waelkens, E., Schuit, F. 2011. Ufm1, a new ubiquitin-like protein, is required for glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and binds to Ufbp1. PLoS1 6: e18517. 177) LaFerrere, B., Arias, S., Swerdlow, N., Gorroochurn P., Bose, M., Bawa, B., Tiexeira J., Stevens, R.D., Wenner, B.R., Bain, J.R., Muehlbauer, M.J., Haqq, A., Lien, L., Shah, S., Svetkey, L.S., Newgard, C.B. 2011. Differential metabolic impact of gastric bypass surgery versus dietary intervention in obese diabetic subjects despite identical weight loss. Science Translational Medicine 3: 80re2. 178) Hirschey, M.D., Aouizerat, B., Jing, E., Shimazu, T., Grueter, C.A., Collins, A.M., Stevens, R.D., Lam, M.M, Muehlbauer, M.J., Kim H-S, Schwer, B., Gao, B., Bass, N.M., Alt, F.W., Deng, C-X., Kakar, S., Newgard, C.B., Farese, R.V. Jr., Kahn, C.R., Verdin, E. 2011. Mitochondrial protein hyperacetylation and SIRT3 deficiency accelerates the development of the metabolic syndrome. Molecular Cell 44: 177-190. 179) Shah SH, Crosslin DR, Haynes C, Nelson S, Turer CB, Stevens RD, Muehlbauerr MJ, Wenner BR, Bain JR, Laferrere B, Gorrochum P, Teixeira J, Brantley PJ, Stevens VJ, Hollis JF, Appel LJ, Lien LF, Batch B, Newgard CB, Svetkey LP. 2012. Branched chain amino acid levels are associated with improvement in insulin resistance with weight loss. Diabetologia 55: 321-330.

180) McNulty NP, Yatsunenko T, Hsiao A, Faith JJ, Muegge BD, Goodman AL, Herissat B, Oozeer R, Cools-Portier S, Gobert G, Chervaux C, Knights D, Lozupone CA, Knight R, Duncan AE, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Newgard CB, Heath AC, Gordon JI. 2011. The impact of a consortium of feremented milk strains on the human gut microbiome: a study involving monozygotic twins and gnotobiotic mice. Science Translational Medicine 3: 106ra. 181) Brunner MP, Shah SH, Craig DM, Stevens RD, Muehlbauer, MJ, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Kraus WE, Granger CB, Sketch MH, Newby LK. 2011. Effect of heparin administration on metabolomic profiles in samples obtained during cardiac catheterization. Circulation Cardiovascular Genetics 4: 695-700. 182) Shah AA, Craig DM, Sebek JK, Haynes C, Stevens RC, Muehlbauer MJ, Granger CB, Hauser ER, Newby LK, Newgard, CB, Kraus WE, Hughes GC, Shah, S. 2012. Metabolite profiles predict adverse events following coronary artery bypass grafting. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 143: 873-878. 183) Anderson, K.A., Lin, F., Ribar, T.J., Muehlbauer, M.J., Newgard, C.B., Means, A.R. 2012. Deletion of CAMKK2 from the liver lowers blood glucose and improves whole body glucose tolerance in the mouse. Molecular Endocrinology 26: 281-291. 184) York B, Reineke EL, Sagen JV, Nikolai BC, Zhou S, Louet J-F, Chopra AR, Chen X, Reed G, Noebels J, Adesina AM, Tsimelzon A, Hilsenbeck S, Stevens RD, Wenner BR, Ilkayeva O, Xu J, Newgard CB*, O’Malley BW*. 2012. Ablation of steroid receptor coactivator-3 resembles the human CACT metabolic myopathy. Cell Metabolism 15: 752-763. *Co-Senior Authors. 185) Huffman KM, Redman LM, Landerman LR, Pieper CF, Stevens RD, Muehlbauer MJ, Wenner BR, Bain JR, Kraus VB, Newgard CB, Ravussin E, Kraus WE. 2012. Caloric restriction alters the metabolic response to a mixed meal: results from a randomized, controlled trial. PLoS ONE 7: e28190 186) Thompson DK, Sloane R, Bain JR, Stevens RD, Newgard CB, Pieper CF, Kraus VB. 2012. Daily variation of serum acylcarnitines and amino acids. Metabolomics 8: 556-565. 187) Sinha, R.A., You, S-H., Siddique, M.M., Bay, B-H., Zhu X., Privalsky M.L., Chen, S., Stevens, R.D., Summers, S.A., Newgard, C.B., Lazar M.A., Yen, P.M. 2012. Thyroid hormone stimulates hepatic autophagy associated with increased lipid catabolism. Journal of Clinical Investigation 122: 2428-2438. 188) Shah SH, Sun JL, Stevens RD, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Pieper KS, Haynes C, Hauser ER, Kraus WE, Granger CB, Newgard CB, Califf RM, Newby LK. 2012. Baseline metabolomics profiles predict cardiovascular events in patients at risk for coronary artery disease. American Heart Journal 163: 844-850. 189) Kimple, ME, Moss, JB, Brar, H.K., Rosa, T. C., Newgard, C.B., and Casey P.J. 2012. Deletion of Gaz protects against diet-induced glucose intolerance via expansion of b-cell mass. Journal of Biological Chemistry 287: 20344-20355.

190) Stephens, S., Schisler, J.C., Hohmeier, H.E., An, J., Sun, A.Y., Pitt, G.S., Newgard, C.B. 2012. A VGF-derived peptide attenuates development of type 2 diabetes via enhancement of b-cell survival and function. Cell Metabolism 16: 33-43.

191) Ku, BJ, Kim, TH, Mao J, Buras ED, White LD, Bain JR, Newgard CB, O’Malley BW, DeMayo FJ, Jeong J-W. 2012. Mig-6 plays a critical role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis and bile acid synthesis. PLoS One 7: e42915. 192) Kim DH, Sartor MA, Bain JR, Sandoval D, Stevens RD, Medvedovic M, Newgard CB, Woods SC, Seeley RJ. 2012. Rapid and weight-independent improvement in glucose tolerance induced by a peptide designed to elicit apoptosis in adipose tissue endothelium. Diabetes 61: 2299-2310. 193) Gaudet MM, Falk RT, Stevens RD, Gunter MJ, Bain JR, Pfeiffer RM, Potischman N, Lissowska J, Peplonska B, Brinton LA, Garcia-Closas M, Newgard CB, Sherman ME. 2012. J. Clin Endocrinol. Metabolism 97: 3216-3223. 194) Sampey BP, Feemerman AJ, Zhang J, Kuan J, Kuan PF, Galanko JA, O’Connell TM, Ilkayeva OR, Muehlbauer MJ, Stevens RD, Newgard CB, Brauer HA, Troester MA, Makowski L. 2012. Metabolomic profiling reveals mitochondrial-derived lipid biomarkers that drive obesity-associated inflammation. PLoS One 7: e38812. 195) Patel SG, Hsu JW, Jahoor F, Coraza I, Bain JR, Stevens RD, Iyer D, Nalini R, Ozer K, Hampe CS, Newgard CB, Balasubramanyam A. 2012. Pathogenesis of A-b+ ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD). Diabetes 62: 912-922. 196) Chao LC, Wroblewski K, Ilkayeva OR, Stevens RD, Bain J, Meyer GA, Schenk S, Martinez L, Vergnes L, Narkar VA, Drew BG, Hong C, Boyadjian R, Hevener AL, Evans RM, Reue K, Spencer MJ, Newgard CB, Tontonoz P. 2012. Skeletal muscle Nur77 expression enhances oxidative metabolism and substrate utilization. Journal of Lipid Research 53: 2610-2619. 197) Zhao M, Lamers Y, Ralat MA, Coats BS, Chi YY, Muller KE, Bain JR, Shankar MN, Newgard CB, Stacpoole PW, Gregory JF 3rd. 2012. Marginal vitamin B-6 deficiency decreases plasma n-3 and n-6 PUFA concentrations in healthy men and women. Journal of Nutrition 142: 1791-1797. 198) Vernochet C, Mourier A, Bezy O, Macotela Y, Boucher J, Rardin MJ, An D, Lee KY, Ilkayeva OR, Zingaretti CM, Emanuelli B, Smyth G, Cinti S, Newgard CB, Gibson BW, Larsson N-G, Kahn CR. 2012. Adipose-specific deletion of TFAM increases mitochondrial oxidation and protects mice against obesity and insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism 16: 765-776. 199) Shimazu T, Hirschey MD, Newman J, He W, Shirakawa K, Le Moan N, Grueter CA, Lim H, Saunders LR, Stevens RD, Newgard CB, Farese RV Jr, de Cabo R, Ulrich S, Akassoglou K, Verdin E. 2013. Suppression of oxidative stress by b-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor. Science 339: 211-214.

200) Coppola A, Wenner BR, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva O, Maggioni M, Slotkin TA, Levin ED, Newgard CB. 2013. Dietary branched-chain amino acids alter neurobehavioral function in rats. American Journal of Physiology Endocrinology and Metabolism 304: E405-413. 201) York B, Sagen JV, Tsimelzon A, Louet J-F, Chopra AR, Rieneke EL, Zhou S, Stevens RD, Wenner BR, Ilkayeva O, Bain JR, Xu J, Hilenbeck SG, Newgard CB, O’Malley BW. 2013. Tissue- and pathway-specific metabolomics profiles of the steroid receptor coactivator (SRC) family. Molecular Endocrinology 27: 366-380. 202) Li XN, Herrington J, Petrov A, Ge L, Eiermann G, Xiong Y, Jensen MV, Hohmeier HE, Newgard CB, Garcia ML, Wagner M, Zhang BB, Thornberry NA, Howard AD, Kaczorowski GJ, Zhou YP. 2012. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 344: 407-416. 203) Reineke EL, York B, Stashi E, Chen X, Tsimelzon A, Xu J, Newgard CB, Taffet GE, Taegtmeyer H, Entman ML, O'Malley BW. 2013. SRC-2 coactivator deficiency decreases functional reserve in response to pressure overload of mouse heart. PLoS One 7: e53395. 204) Batch BC, Shah SH, Newgard CB, Turer CB, Haynes C, Bain JR, Muehlbauer M, Patel MJ, Stevens RD, Appel LJ, Newby LK, Svetkey LP. 2013. Branched-chain amino acids are novel biomarkers for discrimination of metabolic wellness. Metabolism 62: 961-969. 205) Johnson ES, Lindblom KR, Robeson A, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva OR, Newgard CB, Kornbluth S, Andersen JL. 2013. Metabolomic profiling reveals a role for caspase-2 in lipoapoptosis. Journal of Biological Chemistry 288: 14463-14475. 206) Magkos F, Bradley D, Schweitzer GG, Finck BN, Eagon JC, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Klein S. 2013. Effect of roux-en-Y bypass and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding on branched-chain amino acid metabolism. Diabetes 62: 2757-2761.

207) Khoo, C.M., Muehlbauer, M.J., Stevens, R.D., Pamuklar Z, Chen, J., Newgard, C.B.*, Torquati, A.* 2013. Unique kinetics of metabolite responses to a mixed meal following bariatric surgery. Annals of Surgery 259: 687-693. * Co-Senior Authors.

208) Jensen MV, Haldeman JM, Zhang H., Lu D., Huising MO, Vale WW, Hohmeier HE, Rosenberg P, Newgard CB. 2013. Control of Kv2.2 expression by pyruvate-isocitrate cycling mediates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 288: 23128-23140. 209) Klett EL, Chen S, Edin ML, Li LO, Ilkayeva O, Zeldin DC, Newgard CB, Coleman RA. 2013. Diminished acyl-CoA synthetase isoform 4 activity in INS 832/13 cells reduces cellular epoxyeicosatrienoic acid levels and results in impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Journal of Biological Chemistry 288: 21618-21629. 210) Jing E, O’Neill BT, Rardin MJ, Kleinridders A, Ilkayeva OR, Ussar S, Bain JR, Lee KY, Verdin EM, Newgard CB, Gibson BW, Kahn CR. 2013. Sirt3 regulates metabolic flexibility of skeletal muscle through reversible enzymatic deacetylation. Diabetes 62: 3404-3417. 211) Gregory JF 3rd, Park Y, Lamers Y, Bandyopadhyay N, Chi YY, Lee K, Kim S, da Silva V, Hove N, Ranka S, Kahveci T, Muller KE, Stevens RD, Newgard CB, Stacpoole PW, Jones DP. 2013.

Metabolomic analysis reveals extended metabolic consequences of marginal vitamin B-6 deficiency in healthy human subjects. PLoS One 8: e63544 212) Ridaura VK, Faith JJ, Rey FE, Cheng J, Duncan AE, Kau AL, Griffin NW, Lombard V, Henrissat B, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Ilkayeva O, Hayashi DK, Martini MC, Ursell LK, Clemente JC, Van Treuren W, Walters WA, Knight R, Newgard CB, Heath C, Gordon JI. 2013. Cultured gut bacterial consortia from twins discordant for obesity modulate adiposity and metabolic phenotypes in gnotobiotic mice. Science 341: 1241214. 213) Peek CB, Affinati AH, Ramsey KM, Kuo HY, Yu W, Sena LA, Ilkayeva O, Marcheva B, Kobayashi Y, Omura C, Levine DC, Bacsik DJ, Gius D, Newgard CB, Goetzman E, Chandel NS, Denu JM, Mrksich M, Bass J. 2013. Circadian clock NAD+ cycle drives mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in mice. Science 342: 1243417. 214) Bhattacharya S, Granger CB, Craig D, Haynes C, Bain J, Stevens RD, Hauser ER, Newgard CB, Kraus WE, Newby LK, Shah SH. 2014. Validation of the association between a branched chain amino acid metabolite profile and extremes of coronary artery disease in patients referred for cardiac catheterization. Atherosclerosis 232: 191-196. 215) Sinha RA, Farah BL, Singh BK, Siddique MM, Li Y, Wu Y, Ilkayeva OR, Gooding J, Ching J, Zhou J, Martinez L, Xie S, Bay BH, Summers SA, Newgard CB, Yen PM. 2014. Caffeine stimulates hepatic lipid metabolism via autophagy-lysosomal pathway. Hepatology 59: 1366-1380. 216) Scholtens DM, Muehlbauer MJ, Stevens RD, Daya NR, Dyer AR, Lowe LP, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Bain JR, Lowe, WL. 2013. Metabolomics reveals broad-scale metabolic perturbations in hyperglycemic mothers during pregnancy. Diabetes Care 37: 158-166. 217) Hayes HL, Moss LG, Schisler JC, Zhang Z, Rosenberg PB, Newgard CB, Hohmeier, HE. 2013. Pdx-1 activates islet a- and b-cell proliferation via a TRPC3/6- and ERK1/2-regulated mechanism. Molecular and Cellular Biology 33: 4017-4029. 218) Patel MJ, Batch BC, Svetkey LP, Bain JR, Turer CB, Haynes C, Muehlbauer MJ, Stevens RD, Newgard CB, Shah SH. 2013. Race and sex differences in small-molecule metabolites and metabolic hormones in overweight and obese adults. OMICS 17: 627-635. 219) Thalacker-Mercer AE, Ingram KH, Guo F, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Garvey WT. 2013. BMI, RQ, diabetes, and gender affect the relationships between amino acids and clamp measures of insulin action in humans. Diabetes 63: 791-800. 220) Rardin MJ, He W, Nishida Y, Newman JC, Carrico C, Danielson SR, Guo A, Gut P, Sahu AK, Li B, Uppala R, Fitch M, Riiff T, Zhu L, Zhou J, Mulhern D, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva OR, Newgard CB, Jacobson MP, Hellerstein M, Goetzman ES, Gibson BW, Verdin E. 2013. Sirt5 regulates the lysine succinylome and metabolic networks. Cell Metabolism 8: 920-933. 221) Seiler SE, Martin OJ, Noland RC, Slentz DH, Debalsi KL, Ilkayeva OR, An J, Newgard CB, Koves TR, Muoio DM. 2014. Obesity and lipid stress inhibit carnitine acetyltransferase activity. Journal of Lipid Research 55: 635-644.

222) Lamonte G, Tang X, Chen JL, Wu J, Ding CK, Keenan MM, Sangokoya C, Kung HN, Ilkayeva O, Boros LG, Newgard CB, Chi JT. 2013. Acidosis induces reprogramming of cellular metabolism to mitigate oxidative stress. Cancer Metabolism 1: 23 223) Bartz S, Mody A, Kyimba T, Hornik C, Bain JR, Muehlbauer M, Kiboneka E, Stevens R, Bartlett J, St. Peter JV, Newgard, CB, Freemark M. 2013. Severe acute malnutrition in childhood: metabolic and hormonal status at presentation, response to treatment, and predictors of mortality. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 99: 2128-2137. 224) Bhattacharya S, Granger CB, Craig D, Haynes C, Bain J, Stevens RD, Hauser ER, Newgard CB, Kraus WE, Newby LK, Shah SH. 2014. Validation of the association between a branched chain amino acid metabolite profile and extremes of coronary artery disease in patients referred for cardiac catheterization. Atherosclerosis 232: 191-196. 225) Tessem JS, Moss LG, Chao LC, Arlotto M, Lu D, Jensen MV, Stephens SB, Tontonoz P, Hohmeier HE, Newgard CB. 2014. Nkx6.1 regulates islet b-cell proliferation via Nr4a1 and Nr4a3 nuclear receptors. Proceedings National Academy Sciences USA 111: 5242-5247 226) Hamilton DJ, Gupte AA, Cordero-Reyes AM, Youker KA, Estep J, Stevens RD, Wenner B, Ilkayeva O, Loebe M, Peterson L, Taegtmeyer H, Newgard CB, Torre-Amione G, Hsueh WA. 2014. Mechanical unloading promotes myocardial energy recover in human heart failure. Circulation Cardiovascular Genetics 7: 266-276. 227) Mody A, Bartz S, Hornik CP, Kiyimba T, Bain J, Muehlbauer M, Kiboneka E, Stevens R, Newgard CB, Bartlett, J, Freemark M. 2014. Effects of HIV infection on the metabolic and hormonal status of children with severe acute malnutrition. PLoS One 9: e102233. 228) Baskin KK, Grueter CE, Kusminski CM, Holland, WL, Satapati S, Kong M, Burgess SC, Malloy CR, Scherer PE, Newgard CB, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. 2014. MED13 dependent signaling from the heart enhances metabolism in adipose tissue and liver and confers leaness. EMBO Molecular Medicine 6: 1610-1621. 229) Shin AC, Fasshauer M, Filatova N, Grundell LA, Zielinski E, Zhou JY, Scherer T, Lindtner C, White PJ, Lapworth AL, Ilkayeva O, Knippschild U, Wolf AM, Scheja L, Grove KL, Smith RD, Qian WJ, Lynch CJ, Newgard CB, Buettner C. 2014. Brain insulin lowers BCAA levels by inducing hepatic BCAA catabolism. Cell Metabolism 20: 898-909. 230) Teh JT, Zhu WL, Ilkayeva OR, Li Y, Gooding J, Casey PJ, Summers SA, Newgard CB, Wang M. 2014. Isoprenylcysteine carboxymethyltransferase regulates mitochondrial respiration and cancer cell metabolism. Oncogene 34: 3296-3304. 231) Tannour-Louet M, York B, Tang K, Stashi E, Bouguerra H, Zhou S, Yu H, Wong LJ, Stevens RD, Xu J, Newgard CB, O'Malley BW, Louet JF. 2014. Hepatic SRC-1 orchestrates transcriptional circuitries of amino acid pathways with potential relevance for human metabolic pathogenesis. Molecular Endocrinology 28: 1707-1718.

232) Ali S, Ussher JR, Baggio LL, Kabir MG, Charron MJ, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Drucker DJ. 2014. Cardiomyocyte glucagon receptor signaling modulates outcomes in mice with experimental myocardial infarction. Molecular Metabolism 4: 132-143. 233) Palmer ND, Stevens RD, Antinozzi PA, Anderson A, Bergman RN, Wagenknecht LE, Newgard, CB, Bowden DW. 2015. A metabolomics profile associated with insulin resistance and conversion to diabetes in the insulin resistance atherosclerosis study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 100: E463-468. 234) Gerriets VA, Macintyre AN, Nichols AG, Kishton RJ, Inoue M, Ilkayeva O, Winter PS, Wood KC, Hale LP, Newgard CB, Shinohara ML, Rathmell JC. 2015. Metabolic programming and PDHK1 control CD4 T cell differentiation and inflammation. Journal of Clinical Investigation 125: 194-207. 235) Guo C, Ludvik AE, Arlotto ME, Hayes MG, Armstrong LL, Scholtens DM, Brown CD, Newgard CB, Becker TC, Layden BT, Lowe WL, Reddy TE. 2015. Coordinated regulatory variation associated with gestational hyperglycemia regulates expression of the novel hexokinase HKDC1. Nature Communications 6: 6069. 236) Li LO, Grevengoed TJ, Paul DS, Ilkayea O, Koves TR, Pascual F, Newgard CB, Muoio DM, Coleman RA. 2015. Compartmentalized acyl-CoA metabolism in skeletal muscle regulates systemic glucose homeostasis. Diabetes 64: 23-35. 237) Morgan PG, Higdon R, Kolker N, Bauman AT, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Kolker E, Steele LM, Sedensky MM. 2015. Comparison of proteomic and metabolomics profiles of mutants of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in C. elegans. Mitochondrion 20: 95-102. 238) Kang YK, Putluri N, Maity S, Tsimelzon A, Ilkayeva O, Mo Q, Lonard D, Michailidis G, Sreekumar A, Newgard CB, Wang M, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, O'Malley BW. 2015. CAPER is vital for energy and redox homeostasis by integrating glucose-induced mitochondrial functions via ERR-alpha-Gabpa and stress-induced adaptive responses to NF-kB-cMYC. PLoS Genetics 11: e1005116. 239) Zhang M, Qiu Q, Li Z, Sachdeva M, Min H, Cardona DM, DeLaney TF, Han T, Ma Y, Luo L, Ilkayeva OR, Lui K, Nichols AG, Newgard CB, Kastan MB, Rathmell JC, Dewhirst MW, Kirsch DG. 2015. HIF-1 alpha regulates the response of primary sarcomas to radiation therapy through a cell autonomous mechanism. Radiation Research 183: 594-609. 240) Rodríguez JE, Liao JY, He J, Schisler JC, Newgard CB, Drujan D, Glass DJ, Frederick CB, Yoder BC, Lalush DS, Patterson C, Willis MS. 2015. The ubiquitin ligase MuRF1 regulates PPARalpha activity in the heart by enhancing nuclear export via monoubiquitination. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 413: 36-48. 241) Glynn EL, Piner LW, Huffman KM, Slentz CA, Elliot-Penry L, AbouAssi HN, White PJ, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Ilkayeva OR, Stevens RD, Porter Starr KN, Bales CW, Volpi E, Brosnan MJ, Trimmer JK, Rolph TP, Newgard CB*, Kraus WE*. 2015. Impact of combined resistance and

aerobic exercise training on branched-chain amino acid turnover, glycine metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in overweight humans. Diabetologia 58: 2324-2335. *Co-Senior Authors 242) Quintana MT, He J, Sullivan J, Grevengoed T, Schisler J, Han Y, Hill JA, Yates CC, Stansfield WE, Mapanga RF, Essop MF, Muehlbauer MJ, Newgard CB, Bain JR, Willis MS. 2015. Muscle ring finger protein-3 protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy induced by high-fat diet. BMC Endocrine Disord. 15: 36. 243) Banerjee R, Bultman SJ, Holley D, Hillhouse C, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Muehlbauer MJ, Willis MS. 2015. Non-targeted metabolomics of Brg1/Brm double-mutant cardiomyocytes reveals a novel role for SWI/SNF complexes of metabolic homeostasis. Metabolomics 11: 1287-1301. 244) Kraus, WE, Stevens R, Craig D, Bain JR, Burns E, Haynes C, Kwee L, Krupp D, Muehlbauer M, Hauser ER, Gregory SG, Newgard CB*, Shah SH.* 2015. Metabolomic quantitative trait loci (mQTL) mapping implicates ubiquitin proteasome system in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. PLoS Genetics 11: e1005553 *Co-Senior Authors 245) Ferdaoussi M, Dai X, Jensen MV, Wang R, Peterson BS, Huang C, Ilkayeva O, Smith N, Miller

N, Hajmrle C, Spigelman AF, Wright RC, Plummer G, Suzuki K, Mackay JP, van de Bunt M, Gloyn

AL, Ryan TE, Norquay L, Brosnan MJ, Trimmer JK, Rolph TP, Kibbey RG, Manning Fox JE, Colmers WF, Shirihai O, Neufer P Darrell, Yeh Edward TH*, Newgard CB*, MacDonald PE*. 2015. Isocitrate-to-SENP1 signaling amplifies insulin secretion and rescues dysfunctional beta-cells. Journal of Clinical Investigation 125: 3847-3860. *Co-Senior Authors 246) Gooding JR, Jensen MV, Dai X-Q, Wenner BR, Lu D, Arumugam R, Fedaoussi M, MacDonald

PE*, Newgard CB*. 2015. Adenylosuccinate (S-AMP) is an insulin secretagogue derived from glucose-induced purine metabolism. Cell Reports 13: 157-167. *Co-Senior Authors 247) Shang J, Li J, Keller MP, Hohmeier HE, Wang Y, Feng Y, Zhou HH, Shen X, Rabaglia M, Soni M, Attie AD, Newgard CB, Thornberry NA, Howard AD, Zhou YP. 2015. Induction of miR-132 and miR-212 expression by glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) in human and rodent pancreatic beta-cells. Molecular Endocrinology 29: 1243-1253. 248) Wagner M, Choi S, Panzitt K, Mamrosh JL, Man Lee J, Zaufel A, Xiao R, Wooton-Kee R, Ståhlman M, Newgard CB, Borén J, Moore DD. 2015. LRH-1 is a critical determinant of methyl-pool metabolism. Hepatology 63: 95-106.

249) Charbonneau MR, O’Donnell D, Blanton LV, Totten SM, Davis JCC, Barratt MJ, Cheng J, Guruge J, Talcott M, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Ilkayeva O, Wu C, Struckmeyer T, Barile D, Mangani C, Jorgensen J, Fan Y, Maleta K, Dewey KG, Ashorn P, Newgard CB, Lebrilla C, Mills DA, Gordon

JI. 2016. Sialylated milk glycans promote growth in gnotobiotic mice and pigs with a stunted Malawian infant gut microbiome. Cell 164: 859-871. 250) Sommer F, Stahlman M, Ilkayeva O, Arnemo JM, Kindberg J, Josefsson J, Newgard CB, Frobert O, Backhed F. 2016. The gut microbiota modulates energy metabolism in the hibernating brown bear Usus arctos. Cell Reports 14: 1655-1661.

251) Blanton LV, Charbonneau MR, Salih T, Barratt MJ, Venkatesh S, Ilkayeva O, Subramanian S, Manary MJ, Trehan I, Jorgensen JM, Fan Y-M, Henrissat B, Leyn SA, Rodionov DA, Osterman AL, Maleta KM, Newgard CB, Ashorn P, Dewey KG, Gordon JI. 2016. Gut bacteria that rescue growth impairments transmitted by immature microbiota from undernourished children. Science 351: 6275. 252) Kraus WE, Pieper CF, Huffman KM, Thompson DK, Kraus VB, Morey MC, Cohen HJ, Ravussin E, Redman LM, Bain JR, Stevens RD, Newgard CB. 2016. Association of plasma small-molecule intermediate metabolites with age and body mass index across six diverse study populations. Journal of Gerontology A Biol Sci Med Sci, in press. 253) Zhang W, Bu SY, Mashek MT, O-Sullivan I, Sibai Z, Khan SA, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Mashek DG, Unterman TG. 2016. Integrated regulation of hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism by adipose triacylglycerol lipase and FoxO proteins. Cell Reports 15: 349-359. 254) Sun H, Olson KC, Gao C, Prosdocimo DA, Zhou M, Wang Z, Jeyaraj D, Youn JY, Ren S, Liu Y, Rau CD, Shah S, Ilkayeva O, Gui WJ, Williams NS, Wynn RM, Newgard CB, Cai H, Xiao X, Chuang DT, Schulze PC, Lynch C, Jain MK, Wang Y. 2016. Catabolic defect of branched-chain amino acids promotes heart failure. Circulation 133: 2038-2049. 255) White PJ, Lapworth AL, An J, Wang L, McGarrah RW, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva O, George T, Muehlbauer MJ, Bain JR, Trimmer JK, Brosnan MJ, Rolph TP, Newgard CB. 2016. Branched-chain amino acid restriction in Zucker-obese rats improves muscle insulin sensitivity by enhancing efficiency of fatty acid oxidation and acyl-glycine export. Molecular Metabolism 5: 538-551. 256) Marcelo KL, Ribar T, Means CR, Tsimelzon A, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva O, Bain JR, Hilsenbeck SG, Newgard CB, Means AR, York B. 2016. Research Resource: Roles for calcium/calmoduling-dependent protein kinase 2 (CaMKK2) in systems metabolism. Molecular Endocrinology 30: 557-572. 257) Kucejova B, Duarte J, Satapati S, Fu X, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Brugarolas J, Burgess SC. 2016. Hepatic mTORC1 opposes impaired insulin action to control mitochondrial metabolism in obesity. Cell Reports 16: 508-519. 258) Hunter WG, Kelly JP, McGarrah RW 3rd, Khouri MG, Craig D, Haynes C, Ilkayeva O, Stevens RD, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Newgard CB, Felker GM, Hernandez AF, Velazquez EJ, Kraus WE, Shah SH. 2016. Metabolomic profiling identified novel circulating biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction differentially elevated in heart failure with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction: evidence for shared metabolic impairments in clinical heart failure. Journal of the American Heart Association, in press. 259) Quintana MT, Parry TL, He J, Yates CC, Sidorova TN, Murray KT, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Muehlbauer MJ, Eaton SC, Hishiya A, Takayama S, Willis MS. 2016. Cardiomyocyte-specific human Bcl2-associated anthanogene 3 P209L expression induces mitochondrial fragmentation, Bcl2-associated anthanogene 3 haploinsufficiency, and activates p38 signaling. American Journal of Pathology 186: 1989-2007.

260) Scholtens DM, Bain JR, Reisetter AC, Muehlbauer MJ, Nodzenski M, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva O, Lowe LP, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Lowe WL Jr; HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. 2016. Metabolic networks and metabolites underlie associations between maternal glucose during pregnancy and newborn size at birth. Diabetes 65: 2039-2050. 261) Guthrie G, Kulkarni M, Vlaardingerbroek H, Stoll B, Ng K, Martin C, Belmont J, Hadsell D, Heird W, Newgard CB, Olutoye O, van Goudoever J, Lauridsen C, He X, Schuchman EH, Burrin D. 2016. Multi-omic profiles of hepatic metabolism in TPN-fed preterm pigs administered new generation lipid emulsions. Journal of Lipid Research 57: 1696-1711. 262) Hayes HL, Stephens, SB, Becker, TC, Moss, LG, Newgard, CB, Hohmeier HE. 2016. A Pdx-1-regulated soluble factor activates rat and human islet cell proliferation. Molecular and Cellular Biology 36: 2918-2930. 263) Gurley JM, Ilkayeva O, Jackson RM, Griesel BA, White, P, Matsuzaki S, Qaisar R, van Remmen H, White P, Newgard CB, Olson AL. 2016. Enhanced Glut4-dependent glucose transport relieves nutrient stress in obese mice through changes in lipid and amino acid metabolism. Diabetes 65: 3585-3597. 264) Quinones QJ, Zhang Z, Ma Q, Smith MP, Soderblom E, Moseley MA, Bain J, Newgard CB, Muehlbauer MJ, Hirschey M, Drew KL, Barnes BM, Podgoreanu MV. 2016. Proteomic profiling reveals adaptive responses to surgical myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in hibernating artic ground squirrels compared to rats. Anesthesiology 124: 1296-1310. 265) Sandler V, Reisetter AC, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Nodzenski M, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva O, Lowe LP, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Scholtens DM, Lowe WL Jr; HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. 2016. Associations of maternal BMI and insulin resistancce with the maternal metabolome and newborn outcomes. Diabetologia 60: 518-530. 266) Wagner VE, Dey N, Guruge J, Hsiao A, Ahern PP, Semenkovich NP, Blanton LV, Cheng J, Griffin N, Stappenbeck TS, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Petri W, Haque R, Ahmed T, Gordon JI. 2016. Effects of a gut pathobiont in a gnotobiotic mouse model of childhood undernutrition. Science Transl. Med. 8: 366ra164. 267) Ribel-Madsen A, Hellgren LI, Brons C, Ribel-Madsen R, Newgard CB, Vaag AA. 2016. Plasma amino acids are elevated in young, healthy low birth weigh men exposed to short-term high-fat overfeeding. Physiological Reports 4: e13044. 268) Masko EM, Alfaqih MA, Solomon KR, Barry WT, Newgard CB, Muehlbauer MJ, Valilis NA, Phillips TE, Poulton SH, Freedland AR, Sun S, Dambal SK, Sanders SE, Macias E, Freeman MR, Dewhirst MW, Pizzo SV, Freedland SJ. 2017. Evidence for feedback regulation following cholesterol lowering therapy in a prostate cancer xenograft model. Prostate 77: 446-457. 269) Bradley T, Yang G, Ilkayeva O, Holl TM, Zhang R, Zhang J, Santra S, Fox CB, Reed SG, Parks R, Bowman CM, Bouton-Verville H, Sutherland LL, Scearce RM, Vandergrift N, Kepler TB, Moody MA, Liao HX, Alam SM, McLendon R, Everitt JI, Newgard CB, Verkoczy L, Kelsoe G, Haynes BF. 2016. HIV-1 envelope mimicry of host enzyme kynuernenase does not disrupt tryptophan metabolism. J. Immunology 197: 4663-4673.

270) Ribel-Madsen A, Ribel-Madsen R, Brons C, Newgard CB, Vaag AA, Hellgren LI. 2016. Plasma acylcarnitine profiling indicates increased fatty acid oxidation relative to tricarboxylic acid cycle capacity in young, healthy low birth weight men. Physiological Reports 4: e12977. 271) Ilaiwy A, Liu M, Parry TL, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Schisler JC, Muehlbauer MJ, Despa F, Willis MS. 2016. Human amylin proteotoxicity impairs protein biosynthesis, and alters major cellular signaling pathways in the heart, brain, and liver of humanized diabetic rat model in vivo. Metabolomics 12: 95. 272) Griffin NW, Ahern PP, Cheng J, Heath AC, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Fontana L, Gordon JI. 2017. Prior dietary practices and connections to a human gut microbial metacommunity alter responses to diet interventions. Cell Host Microbe 21: 84-96. 273) Sandler V, Reisetter AC, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Nodzenski M, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva O, Lowe LP, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Scholtens DM, Lowe WL Jr; HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. 2017. Associations of maternal BMI and insulin resistance with the maternal metabolome and newborn outcomes. Diabetologia 60: 518-530. 274) Hayes HL, Peterson BS, Newgard CB, Hohmeier HE, Stephens SB. 2016. Apoptosis allows islet beta-cells to implement an autophagic mechanism to promote cell survival. PLoS One 12: e0172567. 275) Reisetter AC, Muehlbauer MJ, Bain JR, Nodzenski M, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva O, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Lowe WL Jr, Scholtens DM. 2017. Mixture model normalization for non-targeted gas chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomics data. BMC Bioinformatics 18: 84. 276) Wang H, Anstrom K, Ilkayeva O, Muehlbauer MJ, Bain JR, McNulty S, Newgard CB, Kraus WE, Hernandez A, Felker GM, Redfield M, Shah SH. 2017. Sildenafil treatment in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: targeted metabolomics profiling in the RELAX trial. JAMA Cardiology, in press. 277) Fu J, Dai X, Plummer G, Suzuki K, Bautista A, Githaka JM, Senior L, Jensen M, Greitzer-Antes D, Manning Fox JE, Gaisano HY, Newgard CB, Touret N, MacDonald PE. 2017. Kv2.1 clustering contributes to insulin exocytosis and rescues human beta-cell dysfunction. Diabetes 66: 1890-1900. 278) Lowe WL Jr, Bain JR, Nodzenski M, Reisetter AC, Muehlbauer MJ, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva O, Lowe LP, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Scholtens DM; HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. 2017. Maternal BMI and glycemica impact the fetal metabolome. Diabetes Care 40: 902-910. 279) Jacob S, Nodzenski M, Reisetter AC, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva OR, Lowe LP, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Scholtens DM, Lowe WL Jr; HAPO Cooperative Research Group. 2017. Targeted metabolomics demonstrates distinct and overlapping maternal metabolites associated with BMI, glucose, and insulin sensitivity during pregnancy across four ancestry groups. Diabetes Care 40: 911-919.

280) Luo N, Craig D, Ilkayeva O, Muehlbauer M, Kraus WE, Newgard CB, Shah SH, Rajagopal S. 2017. Plasma acylcarnitines are associated with pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary Circulation 7: 211-218.

281) Abudullah M, Kornegay JN, Honcoop A, Parry TL, Balog-Alvarez CJ, O’Neal SK, Bain JR, Muehlbauer, Newgard CB, Patterson C, Willis MS. 2017. Non-targeted metabolomics analysis of golden retriever muscular dystrophy-affect muscles reveals alterations in arginine and proline metabolism, and elevations in glutamic and oleic acid in vivo. Metabolites, in press. 282) Wang H, Muehlbauer MJ, O’Neal SK, Newgard CB, Hauser ER, Bain JR, Shah SH. 2017. Recommendation for improving identification and quantification in non-targeted GC/MS-based metabolomics profiling of human plasma. Metabolites, in press.

283) Stephens SB, Edwards RJ, Sadahiro M, Lin W-J, Jiang C, Salton SR, Newgard CB. 2017. Loss of the prohormone VGF diminishes beta-cell function via reduced insulin secretory granule biogenesis. Cell Reports 20: 2480-2489. 284) Softic S, Gupta MK, Wang GX, Fujisaka S, O’Neill BT, Rao TN, Willoughby J, Harbison C, Fitzgerald K, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Cohen DE, Kahn CR. 2017. Divergent effects of glucose and fructose on hepatic lipogenesis and insulin signaling. Journal of Clinical Investigation 127: 4059-4074. 285) Chondronikola M, Magkos F, Yoshino J, Okunade AL, Patterson BW, Muehlbauer MJ, Newgard CB, Klein S. 2018. Effect of progressive weight loss on lactate metabolism: a randomized controlled trial. Obesity 26: 683-688. 286) Sugi K, Hsieh PN, Ilkayeva O, Shelkay S, Moroney B, Baadh P, Haynes B, Pophal M, Fan L, Newgard, CB, Prosdocimo DA, Jain MK. 2018. Kruppel-like factor 15 is required for the cardiac response to fasting. PLoS One 13: e0192376. 287) Jensen BC, Parry TL, Huang W, Beak JY, Ilaiwy A, Bain JR, Newgard CB, Muehlbauer MJ, Patterson C, Johnson GL, Willis MS. 2017. Effects of the kinase inhibitor sorafenib on heart, muscle, liver and plasma metabolism in vivo using non-targeted metabolomics analysis. British J. Pharmacology 174: 4797-4811. 288) White PJ, McGarrah RW, Grimsrud PA, Tso S-C, Yang W-H, Haldeman J, Grenier-Larouche T, An J, Lapworth AL, Astapova I, Hannou SA, George T, Arlotto M, Lai M, Zhang G, Ilkayeva O, Herman MA, Wynn RM, Chuang DT, Newgard CB. 2018. The BCKDH kinase and phosphatase integrate BCAA and lipid metabolism via regulation of ATP-citrate lyase. Cell Metabolism 27: 1281-1293. 289) An J, Wang L, Patnode ML, Ridaura VK, Haldeman J, Ilkayeva O, Bain JR, Muehlbauer M, Glynn E, Thomas S, Muoio D, Summers S, Vath JE, Hughes TE, Gordon JI, Newgard CB. 2018. Physiological mechanisms of sustained fumagillin-induced weight loss. JCI-Insight 3(5): e99453.

290) Peterson BS, Campbell JE, Ilkayeva O, Grimsrud PA, Hirschey MD, Newgard CB. 2018. Remodeling of the acetylproteome by SIRT3 manipulation fails to affect insulin secretion or beta-cell metabolism in the absence of dietary overnutrition. Cell Reports 24: 209-223. 291) Shantavasinkul PC, Muehlbauer MJ, Bain JR, Ilkayeva OR, Craig DM, Newgard CB, Svetkey LP, Shah SH, Torquati A. 2018. Improvement in insulin resistance after gastric bypass surgery is correlated with a decline in plasma 2-hydoxybutyric acid. Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases, in press. 292) Bhupathiraju SN, Guasch-Ferre M, Gadgil MD, Newgard CB, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Ilkayeva OR, Scholtens DM, Hu FB, Kanaya AM, Kandula NR. 2018. Dietary patterns among Asian Indians Living in the United States have Distinct Metabolomic Profiles that are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk. Journal of Nutrition 148: 1150-1159 293) Ravi S, Parry TL, Willis MS, Lockyer P, Patterson C, Bain JR, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva OR, Newgard CB, Schisler JC. 2018. Adverse effects of fenofibrate in mice deficient in the protein quality control regulator, CHIP. J. Cardiovascular Development Diseases, in press. 294) Meyer JG, Softic S, Basisty N, Rardin MJ, Verdin E, Gibson BW, Ilayeva O, Newgard CB, Kahn CR, Schilling B. 2018. Temporal dynamics of liver mitochondrial protein acetylation and succinylation and metabolites due to high fat diet and/or excess glucose or fructose. PLoS One 13: e0208973. 295) Haldeman JM, Conway AE, Arlotto ME, Slentz DH, Muoio DM, Becker TC, Newgard CB. 2019. Creation of versatile cloning platforms for transgene expression and epigenome editing. Nucleic Acids Research 47: e23. 296) Kadakia R, Nodzenski M, Talbot O, Kuang A, Bain JR, Muehlbauer MJ, Stevens RD, Ilkayeva OR, O'Neal SK, Lowe LP, Metzger BE, Newgard CB, Scholtens DM, Lowe WL Jr; HAPO Study Cooperative Research Group. 2019. Maternal metabolites during pregnancy are associated with newborn outcomes and hyperinsulinemia across ancestries. Diabetologia 62: 472-484. 297) The JT, Whu WL, Newgard CB, Casey PJ, Wang M. 2019. Respiratory capacity and reserve predict cell sensitivity to mitochondria inhibitors: mechanism-based markers to identify metformin-responsive cancers. Molecular Cancer Ther. 18: 693-705. 298) Harskamp RE, Granger TM, Clare RM, White KR, Lopes RD, Pieper KS, Granger CB, Newgard CB, Shah SH, Newby LK. 2019. Peripheral blood metabolite profiles associated with new onset atrial fibrillation. American Heart Journal 211: 54-59. 299) Wang G, Meyer JG, Cai W, Softic S, Li ME, Verdin E, Newgard C, Schilling B, Kahn CR. 2019. Regulation of UCP1 and mitochondrial metabolism in brown adipose tissue by reversible succinylation. Molecular Cell 74: 844-857.

300) Younge NE, Newgard CB, Cotton CM, Goldberg RN, Muehlbauer MJ, Bain JR, Stevens RD, O’Connell TM, Rawls JF, Seed PC, Ashley PL. 2019. Disrupted maturation of the microbiota and

metabolome among extremely preterm infants with postnatal growth failure. Scientific Reports 9: 8167. 301) Gehrig JL, Venkatesh S, Chang H-W, Hibberd MC, Kung VL, Cheng J, Chen RY, Subramanian S, Cowardin CA, Meier M, O’Donnell D, Talcott M, Spears LD, Semenkovich CF, Henrissat B, Giannone RJ, Hettich RL, Ilkayeva O, Muehlbauer MJ, Newgard CB, Sawyer C, Head RD, Rodinov DA, Arzamasov AA, Leyn SA, Osterman AL, Hossain MI, Islam M, Choudhury N, Sarker SA, Huq S, Mahmud I, Mostafa I, Mahfuz M, Barratt MJ, Ahmed T, Gordon JI. 2019. Effects of microbiota-directed foods in gnotobiotic animals and undernourished children. Science, in press. 302) Softic S, Meyer J, Wang G-X, Gupta M, Lauritzen H, Fujisaka S, Serra D, Herrero L, Willoughby J, Fitzgerald K, Ilkayeva O, Newgard CB, Gibson B, Schilling B, Cohen, D, Kahn CR. 2019. Dietary sugars alter hepatic fatty acid oxidation via transcriptional and post-translational modifications of mitochondrial proteins. Cell Metabolism, in press.

303) White PJ, Lapworth AL, McGarrah RW, Kwee LC, Ilkayeva O, An J, Carson MW, Davies MN, Kjalarsdottir L, George T, Muehlbauer MJ, Bain JR, Stevens RD, Muoio DM, Brozinick JT, Gimeno RE, Brosnan MJ, Rolph TP, Kraus WE, Shah SH, Newgard CB. 2019. Muscle-liver trafficking of BCAA-derived nitrogen underlies obesity-related glycine depletion: implications for glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Cell Metabolism, in revision. 304) Hohmeier HE, Zhang L, Taylor B, Stephens S, McNamara P, Laffitte B, Newgard CB. 2019. Identification of a small molecule that stimulates human b-cell proliferation and insulin secretion, and protects against cytotoxic stress. Diabetologia, in revision 305) McGarrah RW, Zhang G-F, Christopher BA, Deleye Y, Page S, Ilkayeva O, White PJ, Newgard CB. 2019. Dietary branched-chain amino acid restriction alters fuel selection and reduces triglyceride stores in hearts of Zucker fatty rats. American Journal Physiology, in revision

REVIEW ARTICLES, BOOK CHAPTERS, AND COMMENTARY ARTICLES

1) McGarry, J.D., Kuwajima, M., Newgard, C.B., Foster, D.W., Katz, J., & S. Golden. 1985. Hepatic Glycogen Synthesis in the Fasted to Fed Transition. In Diabetes 1985. Proceedings of the 12th Congress of the International Diabetes Federation. M. Serrano-Rios and P.J. Lefebvre (eds). Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam, pp. 332-336. 2) Fletterick, R.J., Burke, J., Hwang, P.K., Nakano, K., Newgard, C.B. 1986. Structural Relationships in Glycogen Phosphorylases. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 478: 220-232. 3) McGarry, J.D., Kuwajima, M., Newgard, C.B., Foster, D.W., & J. Katz. 1986. From Dietary Glucose to Liver Glycogen -- The Full Circle Round. Annual Review of Nutrition 7: 51-73. 4) Hwang, P.K., Fletterick, R.J., Nakano, K., Newgard, C.B. 1987. Expression of Native and Redesigned Mammalian Phosphorylases in Yeast, in Protein Structure, Folding, and Design 2, D. Oxender (ed); Alan R. Liss, New York, pp. 265-274.

5) Fletterick, R.J., Craik, C.S., Goldsmith, E., Newgard, C.B., Rath, V.T., Rutter, W.J., Sprang, S.R., & T.S. Standing. 1987. Enzyme Mechanisms: Allostery and Catalysis, in Protein Structure, Folding, and Design 2, D. Oxender (ed), Alan R. Liss, New York, pp. 247-256. 6) Newgard, C.B., Hwang, P.K., & R.J. Fletterick. 1989. The Family of Glycogen Phosphorylases: Structure and Function. CRC Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 24: 69-99. 7) Newgard, C. B., Quaade, C., Hughes, S. D., and Milburn, J. L. 1990. Glucokinase and Glucose Transporter Expression in Liver and Islets: Implications for Control of Glucose Homeostasis. Biochemical Society Transactions 18: 851-853. 8) Newgard, C. B. 1991. Human Glycogen Phosphorylases, in Human Protein Data, A. Haeberli, editor, VCH Press, Mannheim, Installment 1. 9) Chen, L., Appel, M. C., Alam, T., Miyaura, C., Sestak, A., O'Neil, J., Unger, R. H., and Newgard, C. B. 1992. Factors Regulating Islet Regeneration in the Post-insulinoma NEDH Rat, in Pancreatic Islet Cell Regeneration and Growth, A. Vinik, editor, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 71-84. 10) Newgard, C. B., Quaade, C., Johnson, J. H., and Hughes, S. D. 1992. Engineering of Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion in Clonal Cells: Therapeutic Implications. Proceedings of the Third International Symposium on Islet Transplantation, P. Brunetti, editor, Diabetes, Nutrition, Metabolism Vol. 5, Suppl. 1: 15-20. 11) Newgard, C. B. 1992. Cellular Engineering for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders: Prospects for Therapy in Diabetes. Bio/Technology 10: 1112-1120. 12) Newgard, C. B., Hughes, S. D., Quaade, C., BeltrandelRio, H., Gomez-Foix, A., and Ferber, S. 1993. Molecular Engineering of the Pancreatic b-cell. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 122: 356-363. 13) Ferber, S., Schnedl, W., Irminger, J-C., Halban, P., and Newgard, C. B. 1994. Molecular Strategies for the Treatment of Diabetes. Transplantation Proceedings 26: 363-365. 14) Newgard, C. B., Ferber, S., Quaade, C., Johnson, J. H., and Hughes, S. D. 1994. Molecular Engineering of Glucose-Regulated Insulin Secretion. In: Molecular Biology of Diabetes, Humana Press, B. Draznin & D. LeRoith, editors, pp. 119-154. 15) Newgard, C.B. 1994. Cellular Engineering and Gene Therapy Strategies for Insulin Replacement in Diabetes. Diabetes 43: 341-350. 16) Becker, T., Noel, R., Coats, W. S., Gomez-Foix, A., Alam, T., Gerard, R. D. and Newgard, C. B. 1994. Use of Recombinant Adenovirus for Metabolic Engineering. In: Protein Expression in Mammalian Cells Academic Press, M. Roth, Editor, Methods Cell Biology 43: 161-189.

17) BeltrandelRio, H., Schnedl, W., Ferber, S., and Newgard, C. B. 1994. Creation of a Genetically Engineered b-Cell. In : Pancreatic Islet Transplantation. R. G. Landes Co., R. Lanza and W. Chick, editors, Volume 1, pp. 169-178. 18) Cassidy, L. E. and Newgard, C. B. 1994. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in cell lines. Diabetes, Nutrition & Metabolism 7: 189-195. 19) Newgard, C.B. and McGarry, J.D. 1995. Metabolic Coupling Factors in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Signal Transduction. Annual Reviews of Biochemistry 64: 689-719. 20) Johnson, J.H. and Newgard, C.B. 1996. The Role of Glucose Transport and Phosphorylation in Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Secretion, in Diabetes mellitus: A fundamental and clinical text. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, D. LeRoith, S.I. Taylor, and J.M. Olefsky, editors, pp. 42-48. 21) Newgard, C.B. 1996. Regulatory Role of Glucose Transport and Phosphorylation in Pancreatic Islet b-cells. Diabetes Reviews 4: 191-205. 22) Noel, R. J. and Newgard, C.B. 1996. Prospects for Genetic Manipulation in Diabetes. In: The Diabetes Annual/10, Elsevier Scientific, S.M. Marshall, P.D. Home, R.A. Rizza, editors, pp 65-84.

23) Newgard, C.B., Becker, T.C., Berman, H., O’Doherty, R.M. 1997. Regulation of Overexpressed Hexokinases in Liver and Islet Cells. Biochemical Society Transactions 25: 118-121. 24) Sestak, A. L. and Newgard, C. B. 1997. Gene Transfer Methods in Diabetes Research. In: Ellenberg and Rifkin's Diabetes Mellitus. Fifth Edition. Appleton & Lange, Stamford, CT, D. Porte and R. Sherwin, editors, pp. 257-286 25) Newgard, C.B., Clark, S., BeltrandelRio, H., Hohmeier, H., Quaade, C., Normington, K. 1997. Engineered Cell Lines for Insulin Replacement in Diabetes: Current Status and Future Prospects. Diabetologia 40: S42-S47. 26) Newgard, C.B., Clark, S., Thigpen, A., Hohmeier, H.E., Quaade, C., Tran, V.V., and Normington, K. 1999. Engineering of Cell Lines for Insulin Replacement in IDDM. Canadian Journal of Diabetes Care 23: 52-58

27) Antinozzi, P., Berman, H. K., O’Doherty, R.M., and Newgard, C.B. 1999. Metabolic Engineering with Adenoviral Vectors. Annual Review of Nutrition 19: 511-514. 28) Berman, H.K., Trinh, K.Y., O'Doherty, R.M., Antinozzi, P.A., Gasa, R., and Newgard, C.B. 2000. Metabolic Mechanisms and Diabetes Candidate Genes: Insights Gained from Genetic Engineering with Recombinant Adenoviruses. In Molecular Pathogenesis of MODYs. Karger, Basel, Vol 15, in press.

29) Newgard, C.B., Brady, M.J., O'Doherty, R.M., and Saltiel, A.R. 2000. Organizing Glucose Disposal: Emerging Roles of the Glycogen Targeting Subunits of Protein Phosphatase-1. Diabetes 49: 1967-1977

30) Newgard, C.B. and Matschinsky, F.M. 2001. Substrate Control of Insulin Release; In: Handbook of Physiology, Vol. II. J. Jefferson, A. Cherrington, editors, Oxford Univ. Press, pp. 125-152. 31) Mulder, H. and Newgard, C. B. 2001. Genetic Engineering of Insulin Secreting Cells. In: Ellenberg and Rifkin's Diabetes Mellitus. Fifth Edition. Appleton & Lange, Stamford, CT, D. Porte and R. Sherwin, editors, in press. 32) Sonenberg, N. and Newgard, C.B. 2001. The Perks of Balancing Glucose. Science 293: 818-819.

33) Newgard, C.B. 2002. While Tinkering with the Beta Cell….Metabolic regulatory mechanisms and new therapeutic strategies. American Diabetes Association Lilly Lecture, 2001. Diabetes 51: 3141-3150.

34) Newgard, C.B., Lu, D., Jensen, M.V., Schissler, J., Boucher, A., Burgess, S., and Sherry, A.D. 2002. Stimulus/secretion Coupling Factors in Glucose-stimulated Insulin Secretion: Insights Gained from a Multidisciplinary Approach. Diabetes 51 (Suppl.) S389-S393.

35) Hohmeier, H.E., Tran, V.V., Chen, G., Gasa, R, Newgard, C.B. 2003. Inflammatory mechanisms in diabetes: lessons from the beta-cell. International Journal of Obesity 27, Suppl. 3: 12-16. 36) Yang, R., and Newgard, C.B. 2004. Balancing hepatic glucose disposal and production: key regulatory genes and therapeutic opportunities, in Glucokinase and glycemic diseases: from basics to novel therapeutics. Matschinsky, F.M., Magnuson, M.A., editors, pp. 379-397.

37) Newgard, C.B. and Efrat, S. 2004. Surrogate b-cells for Insulin Replacement Therapy. in Diabetes mellitus: A fundamental and clinical text. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, D. LeRoith, S.I. Taylor, and J.M. Olefsky, editors, pp. 763-772. 38) Newgard, C.B. 2004. Regulation of Glucose Metabolism in the Liver. in International Textbook of Diabetes, W. T. Garvey and R. DeFronzo, editors. John Wiley and sons, pp. 253-276

39) Hohmeier, H. and Newgard, C.B. 2004. Cell lines derived from pancreatic islets. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 228: 121-128. 40) Newgard, C.B., Hohmeier, H.E., Lu, D., Jensen M.V., Tran V.V., Chen, G., Burgess, S., Sherry, A.D. 2004. Understanding of basic mechanisms of b-cell function and survival: prelude to new diabetes therapies. Cell Biochem. Biophys. 40 (Suppl. 3) 159-168 41) Clark, C. and Newgard, C.B. 2005. Hepatic regulation of fuel metabolism, in Mechanisms of Insulin Action, Saltiel, A. and Pessin, J., editors, in press 42) Muoio, D.M. and Newgard, C.B. 2006. Obesity-related derangements in metabolic regulation. Annual Reviews of Biochemistry 75: 367-401.

43) Muoio D.M., Koves, T. R., An, J., and Newgard, C.B. 2008. Metabolic mechanisms of muscle insulin resistance, in Type 2 diabetes mellitus: an evidence-based approach to practical management, Feinglos, M., editor, Humana Press. 44) Muoio D.M., Newgard C.B. 2008. Molecular and metabolic mechanisms of insulin resistance and b-cell failure in type 2 diabetes. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 9: 193-205. 45) Newgard, C.B., Stevens, R.D., Wenner B. R., Burgess, S.C., Ilkayeva, O., Muehlbauer, M.J., Sherry, A.D., Bain, J.R. 2008. Comprehensive metabolic analysis for understanding of disease mechanisms, in Handbook of Genomic Medicine, Willard, H., Ginsburg, G., editors, Elsevier, in press. 46) Jensen, M.V., Joseph, J.W., Ronnebaum, S.M., Burgess, S.C., Sherry, A.D., Newgard, C.B. 2008. Metabolic cycling in control of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Invited review, American Journal of Physiology 295: E1287-E1297. 47) Moss, L.G., Newgard, C.B. 2009. The liver—a potential new player in islet regeneration? Cell Metabolism 9: 5-6. 48) Rathmell, J.C., Newgard, C.B. 2009. A glucose-to-gene link. Science 324: 1021-22. 49) Bain, J.R., Stevens, R.D., Wenner B.R., Ilkayeva, O., Muoio, D.M., Newgard, C.B. 2009. Metabolomics applied to diabetes research: Moving from information to knowledge. Diabetes 58: 2429-2443. 50) Newgard, C.B. and Attie, A.D. 2010. Getting biologic about the genetics of diabetes. Nature Medicine 16: 388-391. 51) Turer AT, Malloy CR, Newgard CB, Podgoreau MV. 2010. Energetics and metabolism in the failing heart: important but poorly understood. Curr. Opion Clin Nutr Metab Care 14: 458-465. 52) Shah, SH, Svetkey, LP, Newgard CB. 2011. Branching out for detection of type 2 diabetes. Cell Metabolism 13: 491-492.

53) Newgard, C.B. 2012. Interplay between lipids and branched-chain amino acids in development of insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism 15: 606-614. 54) Farese RV Jr, Zechner R, Newgard CB, Walther TC. 2012. The problem of establishing relationships between hepatic steatosis and hepatic insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism 15: 570-573. 55) Shah SH, Kraus WE, Newgard CB. 2012. Metabolomic profiling for the identification of novel biomarkers and mechanisms related to common cardiovascular diseases: form and function. Circulation 126: 1110-1120.

56) Newgard CB, Sharpless NE. 2013. Coming of age: molecular drivers of aging and therapeutic opportunities. Journal of Clinical Investigation 123: 946-950. 57) Kurland IJ, Accili D, Burant C, Fischer SM, Kahn BB, Newgard CB, Ramagiri S, Ronnett GV, Ryals JA, Sanders M, Shambaugh J, Shockor J, Gross SS. 2013. Application of combined omics platforms to accelerate biomedical discovery in diabesity. Annals NY Academy Sciences 1287: 1-16. 58) Newgard CB, Pessin JE. 2014. Recent progress in metabolic signaling pathways regulating aging and lifespan. Journal of Gerontology Suppl. 1: S21-27. 59) Muoio DM, Newgard CB. 2014. Diabetes: The good in fat? Nature 516: 49-50. 60) Shah SH, Newgard CB. 2015. Integrated metabolomics and genomics: systems approaches to biomarkers and mechanisms of cardiovascular disease. Circulation Cardiovascular Genetics 8: 410-419. 61) Gooding JR, Jensen MV, Newgard CB. 2015. Metabolomics applied to the pancreatic islet. Arch Biochem. Biophys 589: 120-130. 62) Newgard, CB. 2017. Metabolomics and metabolic diseases: Where do we stand? Cell Metabolism 25: 43-56. 63) Jensen MV, Gooding JR, Ferdaoussi M, Dai X-Q, Peterson BS, MacDonald PE, Newgard CB. 2017. Metabolomics applied to islet nutrient sensing mechanisms. Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Suppl 1: 90-94. 64) Balikcioglu PG, Newgard CB. 2018. Metabolomic signatures and metabolic complications in childhood obesity. Chapter 21, pp 343-362 in Pediatric Obesity: Etiology, pathogenesis and treatment. MS Freemark, Editor.

65) McGarrah RW, Crown SB, Zhang G, Shah SH, Newgard CB. 2018. Cardiovascular metabolomics. Circulation Research 122: 1238-1258. 66) Newgard CB. 2018. John Denis McGarry: A remembrance of a master metabolic physiologist. Diabetes Care 41: 1330-1336. 67) White, PJ, Newgard CB. 2019. Branched-chain amino acids in disease. Science 363: 582-583. (Invited Perspectives article) 68) Hohmeier, HE, An, J, Newgard CB. 2019. Improving human b-cell maturation in vivo. Nature Cell Biology 21: 119-121.

Ongoing Research Support ACTIVE

1(GG010947-01) (Newgard) 09/22/15-06/30/19 0.18 calendar months Columbia University/NIH $139,178 Metabolomic Biomarkers Predictors of Long-term Success Following Bariatric Surgery The overall goal of this project is to identify biomarker predictors of success after bariatric surgery. To this end, samples collected longitudinally from participants in the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) study, and from a control group from the Action for Health in Diabetes study (Look AHEAD), will be analyzed for metabolomic signatures. 5R01-DK046492-25 (Newgard) 09/01/16-08/31/20 1.92 calendar months NIH/NIDDK $363,291 Engineered Glucose Metabolism in Insulin Secreting Cells The major goals of this project are: 1) To complete the map of the pyruvate/isocitrate cycle in islet beta-cells, and to understand how it regulates GSIS; 2) To investigate the link between de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, pyruvate cycling activity, and insulin secretion; 3) To understand the potential contributions of impaired pyruvate cycling activity and guanine nucleotide biosynthesis to defective GSIS in type 2 diabetes. 5R24DK110492-03 (Rawls) 09/25/16-08/31/21 0.60 calendar months NIH $229,939 A Comprehensive Research Resource to Define Mechanisms Underlying Microbial Regulation of Host Metabolism in Pediatric Obesity and Obesity-Targeted Therapeutics The major goal of this project is to establish a comprehensive research resource to define mechanisms underlying microbial regulation of host metabolism in adolescents with obesity before and after weight loss intervention. Role: Co-Investigator WU-16-229-MOD-3 (Newgard) 11/24/15-05/31/19 0.60 calendar months WUSL / Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation $180,619 The Breast Milk, Gut Microbiome and Immunity (BMMI) Project - Proof of Concept Phase The role of the Duke team is to perform, analyze and interpret targeted and non-targeted metabolomics measurements in mammalian plasma, feces, fecal contents, urine, and tissue homogenates collected by members of the BMMI consortium. WU-15-198-MOD-4 (Newgard) 09/15/14-06/30/19 0.66 calendar months WUSTL / NIH 5P01-DK078669-08 $45,500 Project 1 – Metagenomic Studies of the Gut Microbiomes of Obese and Lean Twins The goal of this project is to understand the impact of gut microbiota in mediating the physiology of obesity. Better understanding of the mechanism of action of fumagillin could potentially lead to new and sustained intervention strategies for obesity.

WU-15-197-MOD-4 (Bain) 09/15/14-06/30/19 0.24 calendar months WUSTL / NIH 5P01-DK078669-08 $162,000 Metabolomics Core A – Metagenomic Studies of the Gut Microbiomes of Obese and Lean The goal is to define the impact of modulation of host metabolism on gut microbiome speciation and function. Role: PD/PI SA14001-DU (Newgard) 06/01/17-05/31/20 1.08 calendar months Buck Institute for Research on Aging / NIH $159,748 Reversible Mitochondrial Protein Acetylation and Metabolic Regulation This is a competitive renewal of a U24 proposal in collaboration with Drs. Eric Verdin, Ron Kahn, Brad Gibson and our group at Duke that seeks to understand the diverse metabolic regulatory roles of the mitochondrial sirtuin, Sirt3. The role of our group will be to perform metabolomics profiling of tissues and bodily fluid samples from a variety of cellular and animal models under study by the group and to assess the role of Sirt3 in pancreatic islet function. 5000620-5500000965 (Newgard) 12/14/16-12/31/22 1.80 calendar months Broad Institute / NIH $121,382 A Biochemical Roadmap of Exercise Signaling Goal: To form a collaborative, interdisciplinary core laboratory led by scientists at Harvard and Duke with complementary strengths in metabolomics and proteomics technologies, and decades of experience in cardiometabolic research to perform comprehensive molecular profiling for the Molecular Circuits Mediating the Health Benefits of Exercise (MoTrPac) consortium. (Newgard) 12/13/18-02/19/20 0.36 calendar months Eli Lilly and Company $190,074 Eli Lilly Collaboration – CVD Extension Goals: 1) To investigate the impact of hepatic BCAA/BCKA metabolism on cardiac BCKA utilization, and 2) to determine the effects of altered BCAA metabolism on cardiac function and fuel selection in animal models of heart failure. WU-18-179 (Newgard) 10/01/17-09/30/19 0.72 calendar months Washington University St Louis / Gates Fdn $81,818 EED Project The role of the Duke team is to perform, analyze and interpret targeted and non-targeted metabolomics measurements procured from Bangladesh for studies of interaction of diet, environmental enteric dysfunction (EED) and the microbiome in regulation of growth in pediatric subjects. (Newgard) 06/18/18-12/17/19 0.16 calendar months Merck Sharp & Dohme $366,928

Networks of nutritional stress in human pancreatic islet cells This work will provide the first comprehensive atlas of cell type-specific changes in gene expression in human islets exposed to elevated levels of glucose and fatty acids. This data set will allow us to understand changes in transcriptional programs indifferent islet cell types in response to nutritional stress, thereby potentially unveiling both inter- and intra-cellular networks that contribute to islet cell dysfunction and cytotoxicity. (Newgard) 09/10/18-08/31/23 0.12 calendar months Baylor College of Medicine / NIH $31,428 Center for Atypical Diabetes Research and Evaluation (CADRE) The goal is to comprehensively define the forms of AD, find clinical diagnostic markers, and characterize their genotypes, phenotypes, etiologies, natural histories, and treatment responses. WU-19-172 (Newgard) 10/02/18-09/01/21 0.60 calendar months Washington University St Louis / Gates Fdn $60,605 BMMI Phase 3 We will perform targeted mass-spec (MS)-based analysis of human plasma for biomarkers of nutritional status/metabolic phenotype from specimens obtained from the follow-on MDCF-2 POC human study. (Newgard) 12/01/18-05/31/20 0.12 calendar months Univ of Alberta – Edmonton / Weston Fdn. $32,101 Weston Family Microbiome Initiative 2018 The goal of our study is to determine if a 3-week fiber intervention for children with PWS has a clinically significant effect on their degree of hyperphagia and metabolic parameters. (Hohmeier/Newgard) 03/01/19-02/29/20 0.12 calendar months Eli Lilly & Company $187,500 Small molecules with pleiotropic positive effects on beta-cell health Goals: 1) Effects of GNF-9228 or its analogs to promote human islet survival and function during exposure to cytotoxic agents; 2) Define the molecular target of GNF-9228 that explains its effects on human islet biology. (Newgard) 02/05/19-06/04/19 0.12 calendar months Axcella Health $4,233 Core Laboratory - metabolomics analysis-healthy baseline Goals: To build a comprehensive understanding of the impact of EMM supplementation, targeted metabolomics analyses will be performed on blood from healthy volunteers. (Newgard) 02/05/19-06/04/19 0.12 calendar months Axcella Health $39,791 Core Laboratory - targeted metabolomics study

Goals: MBX testing, including HbA1c, fatty acids, amino acids, lipids and other biomarkers of inflammation. PENDING This proposal 1R01DK121710-01 (Newgard) 07/01/19-06/30/24 1.80 calendar months NIH $557,083 Mechanisms connecting dysregulated BCAA, glucose & lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease The goal is to fully understand the metabolic and molecular mechanisms linking concerted dysregulation of BCAA, glucose and lipid metabolism. (Newgard) 04/01/19-03/31/22 0.60 calendar months Univ of Michigan / NIH $215,583 Development of small molecules for islet beta-cell regeneration and diabetes therapy Goals: 1): High content screening of 300 phenylbenzamides for beta-cell proliferation and GSIS in isolated rodent/human islets; 2) Optimization of lead from the Nkx6.1 pathway screen; 3) In vivo profiling of active compounds. (Newgard) 09/01/19-08/31/22 0.60 calendar months Univ of Colorado Denver / NIH $99,812 MoTrPAC Ancillary Study OGTT We will perform measurements of key insulin resistance markers (insulin, glucose and free fatty acids) in a large cohort of humans undergoing aerobic or resistance exercise training. OVERLAP: There is no budgetary or scientific overlap. Certified by DMPI/SBA-SPOC, 03/11/2019, SPS 244001