current & future services - eumetcast user forum 2014

MONITORING WEATHER AND CLIMATE FROM SPACE

EUMETCast User Forum

Current and Future Satellite Services

2 EUMETCast User Forum Current & Future Services – EUM/OPS/VWG/14/772226 - 17 September 2014

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METEOSAT FIRST GENERATION

METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION

EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM (EPS)

METEOSAT-7

MSG-4/METEOSAT-11*

METOP-C

JASON

JASON-3

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EUMETSAT current programmes

Mandatory Programmes

Optional Programmes

JASON-2

METOP-B

METOP-A

METEOSAT-10

METEOSAT-9

METEOSAT-8


METOP A-B(LOW-EARTH, SUN – SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT)

EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM/INITIAL JOINT POLAR SYSTEM

JASON-2 (shared with CNES, NOAA)(LOW-EARTH, 63° INCL. NON SYNCHRONOUS ORBIT)

OCEAN SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY MISSION

METEOSAT 8-9-10 (2nd GENERATION)(GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT)

TWO-SATELLITE SYSTEM:

- METEOSAT-10: FULL DISK IMAGERY MISSION AT 0° (15 MN)

- METEOSAT-9: RAPID SCAN SERVICE OVER EUROPE AT 9.5°E (5 MN)

METEOSAT – 7 (1st GENERATION) (GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT)

INDIAN OCEAN DATA COVERAGE MISSION AT 57°5 E

(UNTILL END 2016)

Current EUMETSAT satellites

- METEOSAT- 8: BACK UP AT 3.5°E


EUMETCast Users Worldwide as of 30 June 2014

4

3

2-10

11-50

51-200

201-500

1 User

500+

0 User

EUMETCast Americas

SES 6, C-BAND

EUMETCast Africa

EUTELSAT 5 WEST A, C-BAND

EUMETCast Europe

EUTELSAT 9 A, KU-BAND

Access to Near Real-time data : EUMETCast

User Distribution:

• 3304 users worldwide• 4200 stations


0° and Indian Ocean Data Coverage (until end 2016)

Meteosat-10 (0° Longitude, FES)

Meteosat-7 (57.5° E, IODC)

0 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 18020406080100120140160 20

60 S

0

60 N


Indian Ocean Data Coverage

Meteosat-7, launched on 2 September 1997, has been providing the 57.5°E

IODC services since 5 December 2006

Meteosat-7 will be de-orbited during Spring 2017 and IODC supported services

discontinued end of 2016/early 2017

IODC by EUMETSAT is a best effort undertaking which reflects a Council

decision to use residual Meteosat First Generation capability for this purpose, in

the context of a temporary data gap over the Indian Ocean

International discussions (EUMETSAT, India, China, Russia) on-going to secure

continuity/consolidation of IODC services in the WMO/CGMS framework

Meteosat-7 as a benchmark

IODC services should be similar to or better and should fulfil the needs of the

WMO User Community


The EUMETSAT Polar System is part of the Initial Joint

Polar System shared with the US


Dual Metop operations: global winds & impact on NWP

Global dual Metop winds

Operational on 18 September 2014


Trends and distribution of Sea Level Rise


Current programmes: highlights (1/2)

• Continuity of main services secured for 5 years: Metop-B

and Meteosat-10 are both healthy primary satellites

• Temporary enhancements of main services:

• Increase of availability of Meteosat imagery services using ageing

Meteosat-8 as a back up

• Dual Metop service delivers two real time data streams with

additional positive impact on global NWP

• Meteosat-7 IODC mission until end of 2016: discussion with

other operators to continue/consolidate IODC services


Current programmes: highlights (2/2)

• Timeliness of delivery of global Metop-B data further

improved using McMurdo

• EARS regional data services expanded in scope and

coverage, RARS Africa project proposed

• Last satellites of current generation scheduled for launch

in 2015 (MSG-4 & Jason-3) and 2018 (Metop-C)

• Smooth transition with next generation MTG & EPS-SG in the

2020 timeframe


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METEOSAT FIRST GENERATION

METEOSAT SECOND GENERATION

METEOSAT THIRD GENERATION

EUMETSAT POLAR SYSTEM (EPS)

METEOSAT-7

MSG-4/METEOSAT-11*

MTG-I-1 : IMAGERY

MTG-S-1: SOUNDING

MTG-I-2: IMAGERY

MTG-I-3: IMAGERY

MTG-S-2: SOUNDING

MTG-I-4: IMAGERY

METOP-C

EPS-SECOND GENERATION (EPS-SG)

METOP-SG A: SOUNDING AND IMAGERY

METOP-SG B: MICROWAVE IMAGERY

JASON

JASON-3

JASON-CS/SENTINEL-6

03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40YEAR...

EUMETSAT current and future programmes

Mandatory Programmes

Optional Programmes

JASON-2

METOP-B

METOP-A

METEOSAT-10

METEOSAT-9

METEOSAT-8


EUMETSAT future programmes: approval status

Jason-CS : Proposed, to be approved in 2015Phase B2 approved at ESA CMIN12

EPS-SG : approval process started in July 2014Metop-SG programme approved at ESA CMIN12Sentinel-5 development started/approved by PBEO

MTG: Approved, under developmentSentinel-4 approved (2 instruments funded by ESA)


Primary mission: support nowcasting/Short Range Forecasting

of high impact weather

Continuity and enhancement of MSG imagery services

New lightning imaging capability

New, innovative infrared hyper-spectral

sounding mission: world premiere

Secondary mission: air quality monitoring over Europe

Synergy between Sentinel-4, IRS and imagery

6-satellite programme (4 MTG-I and 2 MTG-S) to cover 2019-40

Meteosat Third Generation


MTG-I imagery mission implemented by a two-satellite system:

Advanced imager (FCI)

Full disk imagery every 10 minutes in 16 spectral bands

Fast imaging of European weather every 2.5 minutes

New Lightning Imager (LI)

MTG-S sounding mission:

Hyperspectral infrared (IRS):

3D mapping of water vapour, temperature, O3 every 30 minutes

over Europe

Will carry the Copernicus Sentinel-4 Ultraviolet sounder

Air quality monitoring, in synergy with IRS instrument

Meteosat Third Generation: MTG-I and MTG-S missions


1=VIS0.6 2=VIS0.8

3=NIR1.6

4=IR3.9 5=WV6.2 6=WV7.3 7=IR8.7

8=IR9.7 9=IR10.8 10=IR12.0 11=IR13.4

12=HRV

Meteosat Second Generation (MSG)

Solar3.0 km

Thermal3.0 km

1.0 km


3=VIS0.6 4=VIS0.8

7=NIR1.6

9=IR3.8 10=WV6.2 11=WV7.3 12=IR8.7

13=IR9.7 14=IR10.5 15=IR12.3 16=IR13.3

1=VIS0.4 2=VIS0.5 5=NIR0.9 6=NIR1.3

8=NIR2.2

Meteosat Third Generation (MTG)

Solar1.0 km

Thermal2.0 km


2005 06 25 11:57

SEVERI (11:45 UTC) MODIS (11:47 UTC)

RGB VIS0.6, NIR1.6, IR10.8 RGB VIS0.6, NIR2.2, IR11.0

27 November 2009Severe convective storm over South Africa

NIR2.2: Cloud Microphysical Channel

NIR2.2 better than NIR1.6 for cloud microphysics


TrueCol RGB 1 km

MTG Improvements: smoke detection


26 August 2007

NatCol RGB 3 km

Formaldehyde concentration from SCIAMACHY:

Poisonous gas reaches the coast of Libya!


Dust streaks better visible because of better spatial resolution

Dust RGB 1 kmDust RGB 3 km

MTG Improvements: dust monitoring

MODIS (18:15 UTC)SEVERI (18:00 UTC)

29 October 2010Dust Squall Argentina

Courtesy: H. Allende


MTG Improvements: fog monitoring

Night Micro RGB 1 kmNight Micro RGB 3 km

D.R.C.

River

valley

fog

MODIS (21:10 UTC)SEVERI (21:00 UTC)

13 July 2014

Shallow river valley fog often not detected in MSG(too thin and too small area)


MTG Improvements: vegetation monitoring

NatCol RGB 1 km

OkavangoDelta

NatCol RGB 3 km


20 July 2014


FCI – Benefits from new Channels

The 0.91 µm channel will provide daytime total column precipitable water especially over land surfaces.

The 2.26 µm channel will provide the capability for an improved retrieval of cloud microphysics.

The 0.444 µm and the 0.51 µm channels will support true colour images and permit surpassing current aerosol retrievals especially over land – also an important contribution to air quality monitoring

The 1.375 µm channel will improve detection of very thin cirrus clouds not seen by the current system. If not detected, errors are introduced in all clear sky products.

The higher spatial resolution (1 km and 2 km) of the 3.8 µm channel will improve fire detection and, via its extended dynamical range (from 350 K to 450 K), the quality of products as Fire Radiative Energy (FRE) – a climate relevant product directly related to the CO2 production of active fires.


VIS channels: 0.5 km; IR channels :1 kmVIS channels: 1 km ; IR channels : 2 km

Two possible operation modes for the Flexible Combined Imager

HRFI Mode: ¼ of Disc/ in 2.5 min.

(4 channels, sampling 0.5 and 1 km

or 16 channels, sampling 1 and 2 km)

FDHSI Mode: Full Earth Scan in 10 min.

(16 channels, sampling 1 km and 2 km)


MSG

2005 06 25 11:57

MTG simulation

(courtesy D. Rosenfeld)

MTG Improvements: horizontal sampling (up to 0.5 km)


New Lightning Imagery mission on MTG-I: Lightning

Imager (LI)


MTG - Lightning Imager

• Continuous lightning observations from space

• Recording of intra-cloud and cloud-to-ground

lightning


MTG MissionsLI – Benefits Summary

The MTG LI measurements of total lightning will complement global measurements of ground based systems (e.g. ATDnet) improving the quality of information essential for air traffic routing and safety

MTG-LI IC+CG lightning information to assess impact of climate change on thunderstorm activity by monitoring and long-term analysing lightning characteristics (coordination with NOAA’s GLM mission on GOES-R and GOES-S essential)

IC+CG information on a global scale as prerequisite for studying and monitoring the physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere regarding NOx, playing a key role in the ozone conversion process and acid rain generation

IC+CG information on a global scale with known error-characteristic a prerequisite for: assimilation in regional models to improve very short range forecasts of convective events verification/validation of algorithms to nowcast (time and location) convective initiation


~ 300 stares for Full Disc Coverage

~ 75 stares Local Area Coverage (LAC)

LAC-1/2/3/4 repeat cycle: 15 min including 2-3 min for calibration

Basic Repeat Cycle Pattern over 6 hours:

5 times LAC-3 plus LAC-4



LAC-4 (Europe) covered every 30 min

all LACs have at least 3 consecutive measurements with 30 min repeat cycle

MTG-IRS Operations Scenario

LAC -1

LAC -2

LAC -3

LAC -4

MTG – IR Sounder (IRS)


Courtesy W.L. Smith

MTG and the short range numerical forecast


12.0 10.8 microns

Thin ash cloud

Thin ice cloud

MSG Dust RGB IASI data probes15 April 2010, 10:45 UTC (Iceland Ash Cloud)

Better Identification of Water, Ice & Ash CloudsExploiting high-spectral resolution data (IR Sounders)

MTG-IRS: Better identification of clouds


MTG MissionsIRS – Benefits Summary

The IRS (30 min repeat cycle over Europe) will fill large spatial and temporal voids in the 12-hour standard radiosonde observations and will provide time and space interpolation of moisture/temperature observations taken from the polar orbiting satellites.

The IRS derived information on tropospheric moisture structures and their variation in time is expected to lead to a better depiction of the hydrological cycle in models, potentially providing better precipitation forecast.

The IRS will provide information on vertically resolved atmospheric motion vectors with improved height assignment, which in particular is beneficial for the tropical areas having only a weak coupling between the dynamic and thermodynamic atmospheric fields.

The IRS will provide information to identify pre-convective situations supporting NWC applications to forecast convective initiation.

IRS will support forecasting pollution and monitoring of atmospheric minor constituents through its capability to provide estimates of diurnal variations of tropospheric contributions of atmospheric trace gases as O3 and CO.


EPS Second Generation

Primary mission: further improve observational inputs to Numerical Weather

Prediction models

Climate monitoring: expand by 20+years the climate data records initiated in

2006 with EPS

Significant contributions to other real time applications:

Nowcasting at high latitudes

Marine meteorology and operational

oceanography

Operational hydrology

Air quality monitoring


EPS Second Generation

Continuation and enhancement of service from mid-morning

polar orbit in 2021–2040

Two series of 3 successive satellites for 21 years of operations

European contribution to the Joint Polar System (JPS) shared

with the US/NOAA

Twin satellite in-orbit configuration:

Metop-SG A: optical imagery and

sounding mission

Flies the Copernicus Sentinel-5

instrument

Metop-SG B: microwave

imaging mission

current & future services - eumetcast user forum 2014

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