Current and future solid waste management in Iskandar Malaysia

Current and future solid waste management in Iskandar Malaysia28/8/2014Solid Waste Solid Waste is defined as waste arising from human and animal activities that are normally solid and are discarded as useless or unwanted.

Source : Integrated Solid Waste Management by THICOBANOGLOUS, , 1993

1.0 BackgroundDefinitionFrom THICOBANOGLOUS, 1993 , Solid Waste is defined as waste arising from human and animal activities that are normally solid and are discarded as useless or unwanted. 2Impact on Environment1.0 Background Issues related to improper management of solid waste includes:

PollutionSafety and healthDegradation of quality of life 3Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management Act 2007Controlled Waste Solid waste Act 672 Solid Waste Management Blueprint1.0 Background

Endorsed in AIC 2010Realising this, IRDA has taken the initiative to formulate solid waste management Blueprint which alligned to Solid Waste Act, endorsed by the Parliament in 2007Solid waste as defined in the Act covers controlled waste such as :Commercial waste Construction wasteHousehold waste Industrial waste ( non hazardous waste) and Waste from institutional and public sources

These are all Controlled waste. 4ScopeSTORAGE COLLECTIONTREATMENT DISPOSAL GENERATION1.0 BackgroundThe scope of solid waste management in IM covers solid waste generation, storage, collection, treatment and disposal for controlled solid waste which includes solid waste from commercial, construction, household, industrial, institutional and public sources as well as solid waste which are imported for processing or disposal.

The planning period considered is up to the year 2025 with the key strategy is to achieve comprehensive and integrated solid waste management through elimination, reduction, reuse and recycling and the use of appropriate technologies and facilities in order to contribute to the sustainable development of IM and protection of public health and the environment.

5Key Issues1.0 BackgroundThe blueprint has identified several key issues related to institutional and waste infrastructure issues in IM: 1. Collection of Waste : One of the concern / is that to ensure waste collection services cover all areas in IM. Collection in area currently covers area that pay assessment and areas at villages still depending on communal bins such as villages at Sungai Karang and Serkat, Pontian. We need to standardize services across IM in terms of service quality which includes lateness in pick up deliveries, spills/leachates)

2. Illegal Dumping : Known to have occurred at former dumpsites (Batu 24, 26 Senai and Saleng) (Kulai) Road sides , Taman Megah Ria MBJBT), Jalan Tahana

3. Waste Management : We has been depending on landfills with no alternative. However, Land has become scarce and we need to look for other options and perhaps tackle the source of the waste

4. Waste Disposal Facilities : Based on projection/ the existing waste facilities will be full by 2018 and no alternative identified so far. Situation at Pekan Nenas is one of the issues it is a dumpsite not a landfill (i.e. no environmental controls in place), complaints of pollution from the community, overcapacity6Potential Pollution

Sungai SemangarSungai LayangSungai Pontian BesarSungai SenaiSungaiPulaiSungaiDangaPekan Nenas DumpsiteTaruka Transfer StationSeelong Sanitary LandfillTg Langsat LandfillSungai Jeram BatuSungaiTebrau1.0 BackgroundOne of the critical considerations for siting of new waste facility locations was the ESAESA 1 protected area, catchment of existing/proposed dams, areas above 1000mESA 2 other forest, buffer around ESA 1, areas between 300 1000mESA 3 marine parks, buffer around ESA 2 , areas between 150 300m. Controlled development allowed based on case by case basis.

Note:Nearest river to Pekan Nenas Dumpsite: Sg Jeram Batu (approx. 2km)Nearest river to Seelong Sanitary Landfill: Sungai Tiram (Approx. 1km-3km)Nearest river to Tg Langsat Landfill: Sungai Tiga (approx. 1km)72.0 Forecast and Projection8

Waste Generation ForecastIt is imperative to note that population growth and urbanisation have significant impacts on amount of waste generated. This graph indicates when population increase / the amount of waste will also increase.

Based on projection, total population in IM is estimated to increase from 1,731,785 (2010) to 3,086,891 (2025). 8

MBJBPopulationHousehold Waste (tonnes/year)2010514,3122010198,9872025952,4062025486,680MPPGPopulationHousehold Waste (tonnes/year)2010211,900201081,9842025340,8002025174,149MPJBTPopulationHousehold Waste (tonnes/year)2010815,6002010315,55620251,493,4002025763,128MDPPopulationHousehold Waste (tonnes/year)201033,078201012,796202540,085202520,484MPKuPopulationHousehold Waste (tonnes/year)2010156,900201060,7052025260,2002025132,9622.0 Forecast and ProjectionWaste Generation Forecast by Local AuthorityEstimated total waste for IM will increase from 2.2 milion tonnes per year in 2025 from 965,000 tonnes per year in 2010. Household contributes about 70 % of total waste generated in 2025.

It is anticipated that population in MPJBT will contribute the most waste by year 2025 and MBJB in second place, therefore the blueprint provide strategies /and action plans to address the issues 9Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningForecast Of Waste Generation

10Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningForecast Of Waste Generation

Domestic Waste Generation Rates for 2010-2025Waste generation rates particular to Malaysia

11Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningForecast Of Waste Generation

The waste generation rate defined as waste available after informal , scavenger type recovery activities have occurred.

Example of calculation: Waste generation for MPJBT in 2010:

Forecast on solid waste generation (residential area)12Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningForecast Of Waste Generation

Forecast of Commercial and industrial waste in IM13Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningForecast Of Waste GenerationSummary of waste generate

14Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningDomestic Waste Composition

-no recent data on waste composition for Johor and more specifically, for IM. Estimated Composition of Household Waste by Weight (%)Food waste still the largest wasteTaken as indicative only as : With the development of IM, paper, plastic and man-made components will decrease while food waste will in decrease.The proportions of plastic, paper, and other man made items are already likely to be greater in IM than is reflected in the JICA study.15Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningCollection Summary of Current Collection Fleet16Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningCollectionConversion and Upgrading of Collection Fleet17Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningWaste Treatment and Disposal Infrastructure Network

18Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningCritical Consideration for Solid Waste Infrastructure In IM19Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical Planningxxx

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Table 3-14: Summary of Recycling Sorting Facilities in IM21Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningSummary of recycling Treatment Facilities in IM

22Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningWaste Diversion Plan for IM

23Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningWaste Infrastructure Transformation

24Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningSummary of Planned Facilities

25Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningPotential fro Waste to Energy26Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningProposal for Household Hazardous Waste

Figure 3-14: Management of Household Hazardous Waste in IM27Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningProposal for Construction waste

28Chapter 3: Infrastructure and Physical PlanningProposal for wste management in Rural and Squatter Areas

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