current affairs pre 2011 list of important bills

8/6/2019 Current Affairs Pre 2011 List of Important Bills

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CURRENT AFFAIRS FOR I.A.S. (PRE.) 2011

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1. Central Information Commission:-

• Central information commission is constituted by the central government through a gazette

notification.

• The commission includes one chief information

and not more than 10 information commission.

• All are appointed by the president.

• Oath of office is administered by the president

of India according to the form set out in the first

schedule.

• Central information commission and state

information commission have power of civil

court.

2. Election Commission celebrates diamond jubilee:-

• The president of India recently inaugurated the

diamond jubilee celebration of the election

commission of India.

• The commission was set up on Jan 25, 1950.

While the rest of the constitution came into force

on Jan 26, 1950.

• Article 324 that created the commission was one

of those exceptional provisions given effect as

early as on Nov 26, 1949.

• Until Oct 1989 there was just one chief election

commission. In 1991 a law providing for the

appointment of two election commissioners. This

law was amended and renamed in 1993.

• The election commission enjoys complete

autonomy and is insulated from any kind of

executive interference.

• It also functions as a quasi-judicial body in matters

of electoral disputes and other matters involving the

conduct of elections.

• However the decisions of the body are liable for

independent judicial reviews by courts acting on

electoral petitions.

Principal functions of Election Commission of

India:-

• Demarcation of consistencies

• Preparation of electoral rolls

• Recognition of political parties and allotment of symbols

• Scrutiny of nomination papers

• Conduct of polls

• Scrutiny of election expenses of candidates.

3. National Health Bill- 2009

It seeks to provide health, health equity and justice

for all Indians.

Its Important Features are:-

• Right to heath care:- the bill seeks to legalize the

right to health care along with other issues associated

with health rights.

• Emergency care:- no individual should be denied

emergency treatment because of his inability to pay

fees or due to the requirement for police clearance.

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• Patient complaints:- bill seeks to make it mandatory

for the hospitals to address patient complaints on

24x7 basis.

• Name of doctor involved in treatment:- every patient

has the right to know the name of doctor/ nurseinvolved in his treatment.

4. National Arrears Grid:-

• Union law minister had announced that the national

arrears grid and the special purpose vehicle would

implement the action plan to bring down the arrears

of cases pending in various courts.

• The action plans should focus on human resourcedevelopment, infrastructure development and

procedural reforms.

• It is decided that special judges to deal with all

pending criminal cases where the term of sentenceswas less than 3 years.

• It favored creation of a national pool of judicial officers

from retired judges to enable persons from the poolto be appointed as high court judges.

5. Gram Nyayalayas:-

• The Gram Nyayalayas act 2008 had been enacted to

provide for the establishment of the gram nyayalayasat the grass root level for the purpose of providing

access to justice to the citizens at their door steps.

Salient features:-

• It is aimed at providing inexpensive justice to peoplein rural areas at their door steps.

• It will have its court of judicial magistrate of the firstclass and its presiding officers ( Nyayadhikri) shall

be appointed by the state government in consultation

with the High Court.

• The Gram Nyayalaya shall be established for every

panchyats at intermediate level in a district or where

there is no panchayat at intermediate level in anystate for a group of contiguous panchayats.

• Gram nyayalaya shall be a mobile court and shall

exercise the powers of both criminal and civil courts.

• Officiating nyaydhikari will go to villages work there

and dispose of the cases.

6. Law Commission:-

• It is a non- statutory body.

• Constituted by the government from time to timeoriginally constituted in 1955 and it is reconstituted

every three years.

7. Judges (Inquiry) Bill , 2006:-

• The judges ( inquiry ) bill 2006 established a national

judicial council ( NJC) to conduct Inquiries intoallegations of incapacity or misbehavior by high court

and Supreme Court judges.

• The proposed NJC would consist of the chief justice

of India, two Supreme Court judges and two high

court chief justices to investigate high court judge

(It has been change again in the new draft).

• The chief justice of India and four Supreme Court

judges to investigate Supreme Court judges.

• The NJC shall investigate complaints submitted by

any persons, or upon receiving a references from

parliament based on a motion moved by 50 Rajya

Sabha or 100 Lok Sabha m.p.

• If the allegations are proven, the NJC may imposeminor measures or recommended the removal of

judges. Removal of judges shall be through

impeachment by parliament.

8. Biotechnology Regulating Authority of

India (BRAI) bill:-

• This Bill would bring about wide ranging changes in

the process of regulating research, transport, import,

manufacture and use of G.M product in the country.

Controversy regarding the Bill:-

• According to section 81 of the bill the act will have

an overriding effect over other state – level acts.Activists allege that this ignores the constitutional

powers of states over agriculture and health

• This bill has no provisions for public participation,

which is a violation of article 23.2 of the Cartagena

Protocol on bio- safety to which India is a signatory.

• The bill also states that whoever without any

evidence or scientific record misleads the public

about the safety of organism and products shall be

punished with imprisonment for a term which shall

not be less than six months. But which may extend to

one year and with fine which may extend to two lakh

rupees or with both.• The bill serves to over ride state specific concerns

by making the proposed authority solely responsible

for releasing and controlling genetically modified

organisms (GMOs) through out the country and

envisages only an advisory role for state.

9. The prohibitions of unfair practices in

technical, medical educations institutions and

universities bill:-

Important Bills




CURRENT AFFAIRS FOR I.A.S. (PRE.) 2011

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• It is drafted by the Human Resource development

ministry to provide for a central law to curb

malpractices.

• However in the T.M.A pai , case supreme court held

that establishment of private unaided educational

institutions was in the exercise of fundamental rights

to occupations under article 19 (1) (g) of the

constitution.

10. Communal violence bill:-

• It is communal violence (prevention, control and

rehabilitation) bill.

• The bill empowers the centre to intervene to tackle

communal violence without the concurrence of the

state government , if it is believe that state is not

doing enough to control the violence.

• The bill also empowers the centre to declare any area

in any state communally disturbed, if it is convinced

that the state government is not following its

directions to control or to check communal violence.

• The bill gives the central government exclusive power

to constitute a unified command to deal with

communal violence.

11. Reservation based on religion:-

• For the first time, the Supreme Court in an interim

order allowed a separate quota for backward Muslims

in Andhra Pradesh.

12. Gender equality in armed forces

• Delhi high court has ruled that equality must be

exercised while granting of the permanent commission

to the army personal that have worked in the army.

13. National environment protection authority

(NEPA)

• This authori ty would ensure monitoring and

compliance of environment laws, besides taking over

the licensing functions from the ministry of

environment and forests.

• It modeled on the lines of the U.S. environment

protections authority.

• NEPA would be a statutory body autonomous of the

environment ministry.

• After transferring all its licensing functions to NEPA,

the environment ministry would remain as a policy

making body.

• NEPA is expected to be a professional body consisting

of experts.

• With NEPA and the national green tribunal in place

the polluter pays principle will be implemented which

makes both private and public sector companies’ pay

for degrading the environment.


IAS PRE 2011 - Current AffairsMedium: English

Price: Rs. 190/-

Pages: 446

Author: S.A. Majid

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