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    Tuesday,

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    CSS Forums> CSS Compulsory Subjects> Current Affairs

    Current Affairs Notes

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    Current AffairsCandidates will be expected to display such general knowledge of History,Geography and Politics as isnecessary to interpret current affairs.Post your queries here.

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    Saturday, October 06, 2012

    riziiraoJunior Member

    Join Date: Dec 2011Location: BahawalpurPosts: 20Thanks: 6Thanked 14 Times in 8 Posts

    Pak-U.S RelationsWhile history has been unkind to Pakistan, its geography has been its great benefit. (Stephen P Cohen)

    Geography

    West-Iran, Afghanistan and Wakhan link to CARs

    South-Arabian sea

    North-China

    East-India

    Energy richer, most conflicted and most populous region

    Trade route, sea route, energy corridor, Geostrategic location

    History

    A diplomatic blunder to engage in alignment policy in 1953

    Serious of engagements and estrangements

    MEDO in 1954

    SEATO in 1954 withdrawal in 1972 CENTO/Baghdad Pact in 1955 withdrawal in 1979

    Military sanctions in 1965 (suspension of military aid)

    Symington amendment in 1979(suspension of military and economic aid)

    Pressler amendment in 1985

    Browns Amendment in 1996

    Glenn Amendment in 1998 ( going nuclear )

    Kerry-Lugar-Berman bill in 2009

    In 1959, 1981 and 2001 aid without sanctions

    Afghanistan issue

    Shares Pak-US mutual responsibility

    Both agreed to cope

    US success to mould world sympathies

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    Military and economic aid to Pakistan

    Confrontation started over Haqqani network and Tehrik-e- Taliban Pakistan (TTP)

    Drone attacks, Raymond Davis case, Abbottabad operation and Silala check post attack

    Pakistan could not mould world favours to its plight besides being partner in war against terrorists

    U.S strategy to tackle the issue

    Anti-Taliban government

    Indian engagement

    Pressure on Pakistan t o do more

    Less share to Pakistan in Afghanistan development

    Terrorist activities inside Pakistan through TTP (Swat, Bajoure,chitral as safe havens of TTP in kunr,kandhar, Nooristan)

    Military and economic aid to Pakistan conditional with full cooperation

    Only those Taliban acceptable who are ready to accept US hegemony

    Pak Strategy to tackle the issue

    Taliban remain in government

    To collect more military and economic gains

    Indian evacuation from Afghanistan

    U.S to leave the region completely

    Good and bad Taliban definition of extremists

    Neighboring States Strategy

    Russia and China dont want U.S stay in the region

    Iran and Turkey dont want Taliban government

    India is also against Taliban regime India wishes to receive maximum benefits from development perspectives

    Recommendations

    Pakistan

    Clear, transparent and comprehensive strategic policies

    -No hidden agreements

    - Policy discussion in parliament

    -Minimize intelligence agencies and military role regarding policy making

    Ban on domestic religious extremist groups activities

    Cordial relations with Afghanistan government

    Pakistan should clearly define its links with Haqqani Group

    Pakistan should focus its benefits from stable and peaceful Afghanistan

    Pakistan should function as a professional trader not soldier

    Mobilize regional stakeholders

    U.S

    Acknowledge Pakistans efforts to curb terrorism globally

    U.S should clearly define whether it has its stake in Afghanistan or Taliban

    Ban of drone attacks

    Must help its afghan partners to rework their relationships with Pakistan

    Must clearly define its agenda of exit till 2014

    Must engage Pakistan in peace talks with Taliban

    Must engage Pakistan in army training and development programmes

    Must end Indian consulates and Moulvi Fazal ullahs TTP s activities in Afghanistans Eastern provinces

    Provided civil government with more administrative powers

    Engage regional security forces in peace activities

    __________________________________________________ __________________

    __________________

    "Obstacles are those frightful things you see when you take your eyes off your goal" (Henry Ford)

    The Following 5 Users Say Thank You to riziirao For This Useful Post:

    BALOCHISTAN(Friday, October 12, 2012), iqramsaleem(Thursday, January 23, 2014), Jolie

    Dame(Thursday, August 22, 2013), madiha alvi(Tuesday, December 03, 2013), Mehwish Pervez(Friday,

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    #22

    #23

    #24

    December 28, 2012)

    Friday, October 12, 2012

    WasiqhSenior Member

    Join Date: Jul 2012Location: PeshawarPosts: 281Thanks: 115Thanked 117 Times in 67 Posts

    ::Links of JWT magazine:: Current Affairs for CE 2013

    Articles, World Affairs and much about CSS.

    February

    www.jworldtimes.com/Magazine/Display/41

    March

    www.jworldtimes.com/Magazine/Display/43

    April

    www.jworldtimes.com/Magazine/Display/45

    May

    www.jworldtimes.com/Magazine/Display/47

    June

    www.jworldtimes.com/Magazine/Display/50

    July

    www.jworldtimes.com/Magazine/Display/53

    The Following 7 Users Say Thank You to Wasiqh For This Useful Post:

    BALOCHISTAN(Friday, October 12, 2012), comm786(Monday, March 18, 2013), dddjjj(Tuesday,

    December 03, 2013), Mehwish Pervez(Friday, December 28, 2012), saima saim(Monday, October 29,

    2012), umair qamar(Tuesday, October 16, 2012), VetDoctor(Tuesday, November 13, 2012)

    Friday, November 09, 2012

    anam ehsanJunior Member

    Join Date: Oct 2012Location: sargodhaPosts: 9Thanks: 0

    Thanked 4 Times in 3 Posts

    @wasiqh,,,thnx alot bt plz guide me hw to access to this JWT's data in order to make it copied......as it is

    nt being copied,,,,plzz helpp

    __________________

    All that I am, or hope to be, I owe to my angel mother.....!!

    Tuesday, November 13, 2012

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    #25

    nice051Senior Member

    Join Date: Oct 2007Location: moonPosts: 310Thanks: 29Thanked 135 Times in 103 Posts

    Quote:

    Originally Posted by anam ehsan@wasiqh,,,thnx alot bt plz guide me hw to access to this JWT's data in order to make it

    copied......as it is nt being copied,,,,plzz helpp

    use ctrl(control)+c to copy and paste it where ever you want.

    __________________

    ''Surely with every hardship there is relief'' (The Holy Quran 94:6)

    The Following 2 Users Say Thank You to nice051 For This Useful Post:

    madiha alvi(Tuesday, December 03, 2013), saradna(Thursday, December 27, 2012)

    Thursday, December 27, 2012

    saradnaJunior Member

    Join Date: Dec 2012Posts: 8Thanks: 10Thanked 6 Times in 4 Posts

    East Asia: Need of Peaceful Solution and Role of China

    As naval patrol vessels of China, South Korea, Japan, and other Southeast Asian countries impacts each

    other and stress installs, its time to consider peaceful and safe solutions. The claims of East Asian

    Countries of sea sources and possible large supplies of oil and gas beneath ocean, stones. If a solution can

    be worked out for discussing the continues between concerned parties: Japan, Vietnam, Malaysia, China,

    and the Philippines while precautionary shunning the controversial sovereignty issues, conflict can be

    prevented.

    In the oil industry, border conflicts between countries are settled with joint development regions, or the

    oil and gas procedure of unitization. Basically, unitization lets each country access underwater sources,

    but results in border issues unchanged.

    Oil tanks that cross national frontiers need special contracts. In oil states where cross-border tanks have

    been discovered, for example areas straddling Norwegian and the UK in the North Sea, the state

    authorities decided on a common structure to create these sources. With unitization, owners of managing

    and nonoperating passions share property passions in a generating area, normally a field, to form one

    natural managing unit. In return, persons receive a pre-negotiated amount of interest. Unitization is

    usually performed to achieve the most efficient and cost-effective exploitation of supplies to benefit all

    events.

    ASEAN nations, in particular, have an immediate need to negotiate conflicts quickly as a protecting

    position. Over the past 30 years, China has obtained worldwide proficiency in oil exploration. Companies

    managing from China could now in theory draw out sources under conflicted- boundaries or unique

    financial areas by using online exploration, which can arrive at near 90 levels flat and increase out

    several miles. ASEAN members, except for Malaysia, officially lag the China oil market and need to secure

    supplies from private growth.

    Additionally, oil and gas tanks can move underground from areas of high gas stress to lower stress

    significance a well managing under China growth could cause pristine oil or gas supplies under the

    Philippine part to move toward the China part. Unitization needs thorough applying and bookkeeping of

    the tank, particularly if its to be utilized as a single source. Without unitization, the rule of capture

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    usually prevails; oil and gas that have moved from beneath nearby boundaries can be easily appropriated

    without settlement to others by generating organizations.

    An unitization contract can help determine cross boundaries by splitting the problem of actual sources,

    handled through a joint program, from sovereignty. Based on the solutions found to similar problems in

    other areas of the world, an contract on the problem of transboundary oil tanks has

    Established typical remains of oil and natural gas, not discussing a particular nation area but to certain

    remains, the level identified by the states events through a combined technological percentage, motivated

    to determine the sources in situ (Austria-Czechoslovakia 1960);

    Defined accurate regional places in connection with oil sources (Norway-UK, 1976);

    Established combined growth places, separated by provisional medians splitting two sub-zones, one for

    each nation (Federal Republic of Germany-the Holland, 1962) or as many subzones as needed (Japan-

    Korea, 1974);

    Established combined growth places (Bahrain-Saudi Arabic, 1958) or combined routines (Iran-Sharjah,

    1971) or typical places (Saudi Arabia-Sudan, 1974);

    Defined delimitation techniques setting up secured places (Australia-Papua New Guinea, 1978) or a

    collaboration area, described by regional harmonizes and separated into places (Australia-

    Indonesia,1989).

    In the Norway-UK agreement, for example, each govt required the recommendation of the version to

    identify an agreement with the licensees of the nearby nation to employ a typical owner. The agreement

    manages the free activity of individuals and components, issues of safety, examinations, taxes, exchange

    of privileges and other issues, but does not impact privileges and legislation in each nation. This structure

    symbolizes a good design for China and its others who live nearby. The plan would reduce management

    costs, but give the events enough management to protect the sovereignty, demanding nations to consent

    on the most effective growth plan and the way in which the continues are to be apportioned.

    The Mexico-US case in the Gulf of Mexico is as another possible prescient design for China and members

    of ASEAN.

    At present, neither the US nor Mexico has described a plan for typical agreement in joint oil functions. Toallow combined growth of national hydrocarbons, Mexico has designed a legal means to protect its

    patrimony. Pemex, the Mexican oil organization, is the only oil organization permitted as trader and

    owner under the Mexican system. This structure prevents international management of oil and gas

    development a situation similar to China and ASEAN nations, which monopolize management to

    state-owned oil companies.

    However this year, the US and Spanish government authorities finalized a contract to manipulate the

    sources in the European Gap under an unitization contract. Formerly there was a 10-year moratorium on

    exploration in this 5000-square-nautical-mile historic area, with continental-shelf and unique financial

    area statements debated by the two nations.

    The destruction of oil supplies onshore and in superficial ocean, such as Beach of Siam surrounding

    Vietnam and Thailand, is driving China to discover for new sources in further overseas areas close to

    common boundaries. Truly, Israel declared the biggest overseas organic gas development in its history,

    the Leviathan area with 16 billion cubic legs of organic gas. Yet this area straddles competitive limitations

    with The red sea, sovereignty problems will gradually be brought up.

    In common, the techniques require organizations to handle the system. These can be complicated or

    simply based on the level of believing in within the other persons regulators and organizations in issues

    related to edge collections, allows, standards and exploration requirements, to name a few. Otherwise, the

    techniques should include a full program of regulators and organizations to handle problems.

    Finally, the alternatives to the transboundary tanks must be divided from the traditionally monopolistic

    framework of the oil market. Different nations have different levels of growth and technical ability. Thus,

    in the cases of such cross-border areas, China and, say, Vietnam each could employ companies to form a

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    #26

    #27

    joint-development effort within competitive limitations and, under that contract, allow PetroChina and

    PetroVietnam to handle the discussing of sources. However, as described, neither of the nations has yet

    indicated possible features or recommendations for such an agreement or plans for settlement and

    acceptance.

    The significances of effective unitization contracts with China are huge. Namely, issue could be prevented.

    State stars with financial passions would have immediate access to sources. It may also set a precedent

    for future areas of the world in regards to source removal such as the Arctic Sea, Greenland, or the

    Antarctic, where China looks for to extend its impact as an establishing superpower.

    source: http://currentaffairsonline.info/eas...solutions.html

    Monday, July 15, 2013

    amara aliJunior Member

    Join Date: Jul 2013Posts: 2Thanks: 0Thanked 0 Times in 0 Posts

    is it's cmpletee course of c.a??

    Monday, July 15, 2013

    Taimoor GondalDiplomat

    Join Date: Jul 2010Location: Mandi BahauddinPosts: 1,757Thanks: 1,623Thanked 2,062 Times in 1,053 Posts

    Quote:

    Originally Posted by amara ali

    is it's cmpletee course of c.a??

    It is not coplete course. you have to consult newspapers for day to day developments in different issues

    and also cover the new emerging issues.

    __________________

    Success is never achieved by the size of our brain but it is always achieved by the quality of our thoughts.

    The Following User Says Thank You to Taimoor Gondal For This Useful Post:

    LEPA(Thursday, July 18, 2013)

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