culture v – ethnicity and race. ethnicity vs. race ethnic group or ethnicity – cultural traits...
TRANSCRIPT
Ethnicity vs. Race• Ethnic Group or Ethnicity– Cultural traits shared by a group of people– Closely linked w/Nationality
• Nationality is identity w/a group of people through legal attachment (country of origin)
• Race– Characteristics that can be transmitted genetically from
parent to offspring– Physical characteristics of a common genetic heritage
• African American vs. Black
Counting the Races
• US Census– US Census race classifications– Population Estimates
• What is this information used for?• What is the purpose of knowing the races?• What do people identify more with, race or
ethnicity?
Race in the USA• Historically, race relations in the USA has been to discourage
of spatial interaction– Laws and policies– Cultural preferences or discrimination– Based on racism
• “Separate but Equal” – 1896• “Jim Crow” laws– Housing and Ghettos
Race in the USA
• Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, KS – 1954
• “White Flight” and “Blockbusting”
• Detroit– Whites
• 1950 – 1.7 million• 1960 – 1.3 million• 1970 – 900,000• 1980 – 500,000• 1990 – 300,000• 2000 – 200,000
– Blacks• 1950 – 300,000• 1960 – 500,000• 1970 – 700,000• 1990 – 800,000• 2000 – 800,000
Race in South Africa
• Apartheid– Established by whites –
Boers/Afrikaners– British defeated Boers in 1902– 1948 – Afrikaners gained
control of gov’t through elections
– Newborns classified in to 1 of 4 races• White, black, colored (mix), or
Asian
– Established 10 “homelands” for blacks
Race in South Africa
• End of Apartheid– 1991 – white dominated
gov’t repealed laws– African National
Congress legalized• Nelson Mandela released
from jail after 27 years
• Nelson Mandela was elected president in 1994
Distribution of Ethnicities in the USA
• 2 largest ethnic groups1. Hispanic or Latino – 14%2. African American – 12%
• Distribution of ethnicities at 2 scales1. Within regions of a country2. Within neighborhoods of cities
Concentration of Ethnicities in Cities
• African Americans– ¼ of Americans live in
cities– ½ of African Americans
live in cities• MI
– Detroit - 85% – Rest of State – 7%
• Hispanic Americans– North – similar to
African Americans– South
• CA– Los Angeles – 50%– Rest of State – state
average• TX
– San Antonio and El Paso – 50%
– Rest of State – state average
Concentration of Ethnicities in Neighborhoods
• Immigration in early 20th century to Northern cities due to manufacturing industries
• Ethnic groups clustered in neighborhoods – chain migration
Ethnic Groups in Los Angeles
Ethnic Groups in Chicago
African American Migration Patterns
2. Immigration from South to North during 1st half of 20th century
a) WWIb) WWII