Name: Naimur Rahman

Subject: English 102 Program: B.Sc. in EEE

ID: 14153108016

Intake: 15th

Culture OfCulture Of

Ancient Ancient EgyptEgypt

3200 B.C. – 312 B.C.3200 B.C. – 312 B.C.

EgyptianMonuments

Sphinx and PyramidsAt Giza

Step Pyramid of Zoser

Obelisk ofHatshepsut

Pyramids

The pyramids were built from LIMESTONELIMESTONE

The Great Pyramid, built for Pharaoh Khufu,

contains over 2 million limestone blocks, each

weighing roughly 2 ½ tons!

As the pyramids still stand today it is easy to see the ancient Egyptians

knowledge in mathematics &

geometry.

The diagram below shows the outside of the Great Pyramid.

The pyramids in front of the Great Pyramid were built for the

Pharaoh’s Queens.

A temple was built in front of the Great Pyramid to allow daily

rituals, and where offerings were left.

The buildings surrounding the pyramid are called MASTABASMASTABAS,

which were tombs that held nobles.

The inside of the pyramid contained many different

areas. * Air Shafts * King’s Chamber * Other Chambers * Grand Gallery * Queen’s Chamber * Underground Chamber

The Great SphinxThe Great Sphinx

The Great Sphinx is a large human-headed lion that

was carved from a mound of natural rock. It is located in Giza where it guards the front of Khafra’s pyramid.

Legends have been told for many years about the Great Sphinx. These stories tell

about the powers & mysteries of the Sphinx. Some people believe that

there are hidden passageways or rooms

underneath, but nothing has been found…. yet!

Mummification

Mummification: Process of embalming & drying corpses to prevent them from decaying.Ancient Egyptians believed in an

afterlife. They mummified the body so the soul could return

later.

Anubis was the god who watched over the

process of mummifying people when they died.

After the embalming procedure, the

mummy’s internal organs were placed in

these clay Caponic jars.

Egyptian Gods

As you know, the ancient Egyptians practiced a polytheistic, animistic religion. Here are some of the key gods of the Egyptian religion. Notice their animalistic qualities. Next to each god you

will see their name, and what they are a god of.

RaRa – the sun god. He was

the most important god of the

ancient Egyptians.

IsisIsis – the protective

goddess. She used powerful magic to help

people in need.

Anubis Anubis – the god of embalming

and the dead.

Osiris – god of the dead, and ruler of

the underworld.

SethSeth – the god of chaos.

AtumAtum – the creator god.

Believed to be the first god to

exist.

SekhmetSekhmet – goddess of

war.

HorusHorus – god of the sky.

Protector of the pharaoh.

Egyptian ArtIn Egyptian art the human body is usually shown in profile or partial profile.

Hieroglyphics

The earliest form of writing in Egypt were pictographs, like the one you see below. Each picture stood for an idea. For example a picture of a bird would

mean bird.

As time past, the scribes needed to find an easier way of writing. As a result, a newer form of hieroglyphics

was formed.

Another innovation came overtime. Papyrus, a paper-like material was developed. Now scribes could write on a more compact surface, instead of stone or clay.

As the Egyptian civilization declined, any chance of deciphering hieroglyphics was

lost…. … That is until the Rosetta Stone was discovered in 1799.The Rosetta Stone

contained a message in 3 different languages: * Hieroglyphics

* Hieroglyphics (in a simpler form)* Greek

Finally, in 1822 the stone was deciphered!!

Thank You For Your Attention !

Any Questions ?