culture notes culture definition: feature’s of a group of people’s way of life, passed down...
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CULTURE NOTES
Culture definition: feature’s of a group of people’s way of life, passed down through generations by teachings, examples and imitation. (you will become your parents)
How do cultures develop? 10 % innovation 90 % diffusion
Examples from USA innovation
Examples from USA diffusion
Culture Hearth:
Center of learning and innovation that diffuses to other regions
How do cultures spread?
Culture moves with people (migration) and trade.
The spice trade.
The Silk Road
When people move, they take their language, religion, foods, clothing with them.
Elements of Culture (what makes up a culture)
Assimilation: joining or fitting in with a larger culture. (German descendants in the USA.)
Acculturation: a culture accepting an innovation or diffusion from another culture.
Ethnocentrism: judging other cultures by the rules of your culture.
Are you an ethnocentric?
Languages
World’s most understood language
World’s largest single language
Dialects –a regional way to speak a language
New Englanders drop the “r” from many words.
I will park my “caw” in front to the “baw.”
Southern examples?
Lingua franca – a non-native language many educated people understand. English in India.
Underrepresented groups/populations – general term that refers often refers to “minorities” and women that have historically not been represented in a cultural and political sense.
Women in the U.S. Senate
French ban on the hijab in schools
Cultural convergence
Contact between two cultures – similar to acculuration – how cultures borrow from each other and change over time.
cutural convergance is growing cultural unity.
Example: people around the world read a lot of the same books watch a lot of the same movies and
Cultural divergence: Cultures growing more apart generally due to outside influences.
French and English in Quebec, Canada
Immigrants not learning the native language
Christianity is the largest, Islam is the fastest growing.
Monotheism
Belief in a single deity(God)
ChristianityJudaismIslam
Polytheism
Belief in two or more deities (gods)
Branches of Christianity
Protestant
Catholic
Orthodox
Hearth of Judaism and Christianity - Israel
The holy city of Islam is?
The holy city for Jews and Christians and a holy city for Muslims is?
Jerusalem
Mecca
Western Wall
Dome of the Rock
Church of the Holy Sepulchre
Sacred writings
Quran
Torah
Hearth of Judaism - Israel
Branches of Islam: Sunni (85%) and Shiite (Shia) (15%)
The hearth and the holy city of Islam, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
The Hajj or pilgrimage all Muslims are supposed to make to Mecca at least once in their lives.
The country with the largest Muslim population in the world is?
Indonesia
Buddhism Founded by Siddhartha Gautama in India
Believe in the “Eightfold Path” and “Four Noble Truths” in order to build a more harmonious world.
Hinduism has no single founder. It is considered the oldest continuous religion, possibly dating back 5,000 years.
Hindu holy man
fate
Karma is the reward for living a proper life in your previous live.
Hindu’s believe in death and rebirth, or, reincarnation.
Brahmans
Kshatriyas
Vaisyas
Sudras
Showing theoriginal castelevels in the pyramidshape symbolizes “status”from highest to lowest, but also representsthe the portion of the populationfitting into each level.
Untouchables are NOT a part of the caste system.
Largest %of population
A person is bornand will die inthe same caste
Most Hindus in the world live in India with some 800 million people
Punjab in India is the hearth of the Sikh faith.
Golden Dome in Amritsar
Tens of thousands of Sikhs have migrated to Europe and North America
Traditional, or Animist, religions are found all around the world, but primarily in LDC’s today.
The Columbian Exchange left behind the primary language of Spanish as well as the Catholic religion.
And early “globalization”
When the Spanish arrived there were ~30 million natives
•80%-90% decimated by European diseases like smallpox and measles.
Both positive and negative results.
disease wiped out many Native Americans in Latin America
new animals and foods changed ways of life
The native Indian tribes were forced to work on European plantations. Between brutal work, disease, and mistreatment, most Caribbean Indians died.
To solve this labor problem, the Europeans brought African slaves over to work on the plantations. On many of the islands today, the majority of the population is of African descent.
A lasting legacy of the Columbian Exchange is found in the ethnic diversity found in Latin America.