culture and the workplace
TRANSCRIPT
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BI QUANG TRNPHM TH M LAN
NGUYN TRN DIM TRANGTRN NGC TIM
CH CNG
Group
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DIFFERENCES IN CULTURE
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INTRODUCTION
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What is Culture?
Cultureis a complex whole (knowledge, beliefs, art,
morals, law, customs, and other capabilities) acquired
by people as members of society.
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VALUES
Genorosity
Fairness
Community Involvement
Innovation
Concern for EmployeesWelfare
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NORMS
Prescriptive
FolkwaysMores
TaboosLaws
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COUNTRY FOCUS
ISLAMIC BANKING IN PAKISTAN
Islamic banks started to open
predominantly Muslim countries.
170 Islamic financial institutionsworldwide.
Banks are entering the marketciti
Group and HSBC, now offer Islamic
financial services.
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ISLAMIC BANKING IN PAKISTAN
In July 2001, Pakistan became the third country for
adopting Islamic methods
Islamic banks can not pay or charge interest, they
must find a different way of making money.
Pakistan banks has 2 different Islamic banking
methods :
o The mudarabah
o
The murabaha
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ISLAMIC BANKING IN PAKISTAN
Under Mudarabah, when an Islamic bank
tends money to a business, rather than
charging that business interest on the loan,
it takes a share in the profits that are
derived from the investment.
In murabaha contract, when a firm wishesto purchase something using loan lets say
a piece of equipment manufacturer. The
bank then buys the equipment for $1,000
and the borrower buys it back from bank at
some later date for say $1,100 a price that
includes a $100 markup for the bank.
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ISLAMIC BANKING IN PAKISTAN
There are could be large- scale
withdrawals by depositors
The country need to have a tight
regulatory regime to ensure that
unscrupulous borrowers
The uncertainty created by thetransition will scare off foreign
investors, leaving Pakistan starved of
capital.
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BUDDHISM
It was founded in India in 6th
century B.C by Siddharha
Gautama, an Indian prince
Today it has 250 million
followers most of whom are from
Central and Southeast Asia,
China, Korea, and Japan.
Life is comprised of suffering
Doesnt support the caste system
and the kind of extreme ascetic.
Buddhists stress the afterlife and
spiritual achievement rather thaninvolvement in this world.
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CONFUCIANISM
It was founded in 5thcentury B.C by Kung- Fu- tzu
Observance of Confucian ethics has been weakened in
China since 1949, more than 150 million people stillfollow the teachings of Confucius, principally in China,
Korea, and Japan
It teaches the importance of attaining personal solvation
through right action.
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Economic Implications of Confucianism
There are 3 values central to the Confuciansystem of ethics:
o Loyalty
o Reciprocal obligations
o Honesty
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Loyalty to ones superiors is regarded as a sacredduty an absolute obligation
In the modern organization based on Confucian
culture, the loyalty can reduce the conflict
between management and labor.
Confucian ethics stress that superiors are obliged
to reward the loyalty of their subordinates byawarding blessing on them.
The reciprocal obligations can help managers
and workers perform their jobs more effectively
and cooperate with others in the organization.
when companies can trust each other not to break
contractual obligations, the cost of doing arelowered.
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LANGUAGE
Spoken language
o Language does far more than just enable people tocommunicate with each other.
o The natural of a language also structure the way we
perceive the world.
o Language also helps define culture. In countries,
with more than 1 language, one also often findsmore than 1 culture.
o English is increasingly becoming the language of
international business. However, most people
prefer to converse in their own language
o
International businesses that do not understand thelocal language can make major mistakes through
improper translation.
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Unspoken language
o It refers to nonverbal
communication
o We all communicate with each other
by a host of nonverbal signal.
o A failure to understand the
nonverbal signal of another culture
can lead to a failure of
communication.
o Nonverbal communication is
personal space, which is thecomfortable amout of distance
between you and someone you are
talking to.
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EDUCATION
Formal education is the medium through
which individuals learns many of thelanguage conceptual and mathematical skill
that are indispensable in a modern society.
From an international business perspective,
one important aspect of education is its role
as determinant of national competitive
advantage. The general education level of a country is
also a good index of the kind of products
that might sell in country and of the type of
promotional material that should be used.
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MATSUSHITAS AND JAPANS CHANGING CULTURE
o
Established in 1920.o Was at the forefront of the rise of Japan in 1970s and 1980s.o Regarded as a bastion of traditional Japanese values such as strong group
identification , reciprocal obligations, and loyalty.o In 1998 began to change: Changed the pay scheme for its 11000 managers.
Took aim at the lifetime employment system and the associated perks. Failed in changes
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IMPLICATIONS FOR BUSINESS
3 important implications for international business: Cross cultural literacy Culture and competitive advantages Culture and business ethics
Cross c lt ral literac
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Cross cultural literacy
One danger confronting a company that goes abroad for the first time is being ill-
informed. To develop the cross cultural literacy, international businesses need to
employ host-country nationals, build a cadres of cosmopolitan executives, and guard
against the dangers of ethnocentric.
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Cultureand competitive advantage
The values systems and norms of a
country can effect the costs of doingbusiness in that country.
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Cultureand business ethics
Although many ethical principles are universal, some are
culturally bounded. What is the hot ethical in one country
might be common in each other. Despite this, the when inRome approach to business ethics is dangerous. International
businesses need to adhere to a consistent set of ethics derived
from a high moral code.
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Culture and the Workplace
How does a society's culture affect the values found
in the workplace?
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MAP 3.2
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MAP 3.3
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CULTURAL CHANGE
Culture is not a constant; it evolves over time.
The culture of societies may also change as they
become richer because economic progress affects a
number of other factors, which in turn impact onculture.
In an increasingly modern and materialistic world,
some cultural roots and uniqueness. societies are
trying to reemphasize their .
Trang