Culture and Globalisation

ByDinesh S

Nithin NanuVidhya V

Introduction

The phenomenon of globalization is the "acceleration and intensification of economic interaction among the people, companies, and governments of different nations.“

Observers of globalization are increasingly recognizing that globalization is having a significant impact on matters such as local cultures, matters which are less tangible and hard to quantify, but often fraught with intense emotion and controversy

GLOBALISATION

1.Globalisation is the new buzzword that has come to dominate the world since the nineties of the last century with the end of the cold war and the break-up of the former Soviet Union.

2.The term implies worldly integration/amalgamation of various cultures, styles, economic policies, ideas, etc.

3.It must not be confused with “making things common around the world”. It is an integration, not simulation.

Globalization vs. Local Cultures

The globalization of the production and distribution of goods and services is a welcome development for many people in that it offers them access to products that they would not otherwise have. However, some are concerned that the changes brought about by globalization threaten the viability of locally made products and the people who produce them

The international trade in cultural products and services, such as movies, music, and publications are increasing

Positives : 1.interaction across boundaries leads to the mixing of cultures in

particular places and practice--Pluralisation 2.cultural flows occur differently in different spheres and may

originate in many places--differentiation 3.integration and the spread of ideas and images provoke

reactions and resistance--contestation 4.global norms or practices are interpreted differently according

to local tradition; the universal must take particular forms--globalization

5.diversity has itself become a global value, promoted through international organizations and movements, not to mention nation-states--institutionalization

Globalisation and cultural diversity

Globalisation and cultural diversityNegatives : 1.multinational corporations promote a certain kind of

consumerist culture, in which standard commodities, promoted by global marketing campaigns exploiting basic material desires, create similar lifestyles--"Coca-Colonization"

2.backed by the power of certain states, Western ideals (or, ideals of the powerful) are falsely established as universal, overriding local traditions--"cultural imperialism"

3.modern institutions have an inherently rationalizing thrust, making all human practices more efficient, controllable, and predictable, as exemplified by the spread of fast food--"McDonaldization"

4.the United States exerts hegemonic influence in promoting its values and habits through popular culture and the news media--"Americanization"

The Influence of U.S. Corporations on Local Mores One of the principal concerns about the new globalization of culture that

is supposedly taking place is that it not only leads to a homogenization of world culture, but also that it largely represents the "Americanization" of world cultures

Coffee in Italy is more than a drink; it is part of the way of life and Italian mores. While in the United States it is common for people to buy takeaway coffee for drinking in the street or office, in Italy people usually prefer to relax and chat with peers while drinking coffee

The principles of the fastfood restaurant are coming to dominate more and more sectors of American society as well as of the rest of the world.” Statistics show that within the last fifty years, McDonalds has expanded to over 31,000 restaurants worldwide

Global Graph of Starbucks and McDonald Monopolies

The Dominance of the American Market

The size of the U.S. market

The wealth of the U.S. economy

A comparatively homogenous culture

The Integration of Cultures

Hollywood is a good example of an industry that integrates elements from more than one culture

"one reason for Hollywood's success is that from the earliest days it was open to foreign talent and foreign money.“

The Columbia Tristar and Twentieth Century Fox companies are owned by Japan's Sony and Australia's News Corporation, respectively, two foreign media conglomerates

Cultural Impacts of Globalization

the development of a new culture of the globally connected professionals and especially business elites

the proliferation of pop culture—which many critics complain is primarily American

the diffusion of beliefs and values about broader issues such as human rights and other social mores

New Global Professions

Many observers of globalization have come to recognize a new class of people who are generally well-educated, trained professionals in the business field, who have developed a kind of global common culture

they think in cosmopolitan rather than national terms; have high skill and education levels and, as such, benefit the most

economically from globalization; speak foreign languages; travel internationally; are much less likely to lose their jobs, or to work in industries with falling

wages, due to globalizing economics; and, are unlikely to have served—or even have family members who have

served—in the military.

Pop Culture

this new juggernaut of American industry has propelled the American pop culture around the world at a frenetic pace

Reality television is a popular medium for the broadcast of American culture.

The growth of the influence of American television has been mirrored within the film industry, as well

The Spread of American Popular Culture

Globalization enables foreign companies to distribute American cultural products, American movies, music, and TV shows have consistently gained more and more audiences worldwide

Television

Pop Culture ValuesAlmost by definition, popular culture has attained an immense global following precisely because it is popular. For many citizens of other countries, though, the near take-over of their own cultural industries, especially for younger audiences, is of great concern

The Global Village

globalization is in fact another word for Americanization

globalization offers the potential to enrich the world culturally

vision is the multi-cultural "global village," where ideas and practices can be freely exchanged and appreciated

The Canadian Magazine Dispute

One of the most prominent conflicts with implications for cultural concerns that turned into a trade dispute concerned the selling of magazines in Canada

89 percent of magazines sold in Canada are foreign, a high percentage of which are American. In spite of the low proportion of domestically produced magazines in Canada, the Canadian government has nonetheless identified the production of magazines as an important touchstone of Canadian national identity

In 1970, a special Canadian governmental Committee on Mass Media concluded that "magazines constitute the only national press we possess in Canada. Magazines, in a different way from any other medium, can help foster in Canadians a sense of themselves."

Conclusion

Globalization involves the diffusion of ideas, practices and technologies and the increase of worldwide social relations which link distant localities, significantly impacting on the economic, social, cultural and political dimensions of nations and its peoples.

In the coming years, efforts to protect traditional cultures are likely to play an increasingly prominent role in new trade agreements and within international cooperative ventures. Indeed, a "global" effort to protect local cultures from "globalization" would be a somewhat ironic development. But increasingly, local activists are trying to learn how to harness new worldwide forces to cope with the impact of international trends that have cultural effects

Few interesting facts:

Global income is more than $31 trillion a year, but 1.2 billion

people of the world's population earn less than $1 a day

80% of the global population earns only 20% of global income, and within many countries there is a large gap between rich and

poor

The 3 billion people living in the 24 developing countries that

increased their integration into the world economy enjoyed an

average 5% growth rate in income per capita, longer life

expectancy and better schooling

Two billion people, living in countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and the former Soviet Union, have been unable to increase their integration into the world economy,

and their economies have contracted, poverty has risen, and education

levels have risen less rapidly than in the more globalised countries

Thank you!!!!