cultural tourism and local development: a two-way model for the community of santurce (javier j...
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J A V IE R J . H E R N Á N D E Z A C O S TA
J J H E R N A N D E Z@ S A G R A D O . E D U
H A ZE L C O LÓ N V Á ZQ U E Z
H A ZE L. C O L O N P R @ G M A I L . C O M
P R E S E N TE D A T S TP & A C O N F E R E N C E 2 0 15
A D E LA ID E , A U S TR A LIA
Cultural Tourism and Local Development: A Two-Way Model for the Community of Santurce
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Background
Culture as a key factor for Development
The importance of cultural tourism strategies for cities
The development of key cultural infrastructure in
cities as part of the strategy
Creative cities discourse
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Objectives
The main objective of this research consists on the analysis of the development of the community of
Santurce as a cultural district and understanding the role of the different agents involved in the process
(Academia, NGO, Government, cultural sector, entrepreneurs, private sector).
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Literature Review
The impact of culture in tourism (OECD, 2009)
Tourism and sustainability (Korstanje, 2014, Giampicolli, 2015)
Policies for creative industries in cities (Tafel-Viia, et
al, 2014, Fleming, 2009)
Artists and Gentrification (Ley, 2003, Sheppard, 2012)
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Methodology
Case study analysis of the local development process for the community of Santurce.
Legislation
Community development initiatives
Entrepreneurship
Infrastructure development (cultural, housing, economic, etc.)
Strategies
Identifying the main challenges of the cultural tourism efforts.
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Santurce
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The community of Santurce
Santurce is one of the most important and centric communities in San Juan, capital city of Puerto Rico.
It represents one of the most populated communities with a high level of cultural diversity.
Diverse socio-economic profile on the population
Host some of the most important cultural infrastructure in the country (Museums, Concert Halls, Conservatory, Theaters).
Has become a model for local development strategies
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Santurce
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Local development strategies
Past efforts to develop Santurce as an “arts district”.
Legislation to promote the development of the community of Santurce.
Bill 173 for a public policy for the Creative Industries.
Resolution 789 to develop a Law for Santurce.
Bill 20 and 22 to grant tax incentives
NEA – Our Town Proposal (Cultural mapping)
Housing development
Entrepreneurship (creative, technological, gastronomical, etc.)
Real Estate market development
Cultural tourism strategies (Airbnb, cultural routes, etc.)
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Main Challenges
Local Dev elopment
Gentrification
Citizen Participation
Cultural Divesity
Sustainable Entrepreneurship
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A Preliminary Model
1. Public Policies
2. Infraestructure
3. Coordination
1. Entrepreneurship
2. Cultural Engagement
3. Citizenship
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Challenges and Actions
Gentrification
Cultural diversity
Participation
Sustainable Entrepreneurship
Public Policy
Infrastructure
Coordination
Entrepreneurship
Cultural Engagement
Citizenship
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Actions and Agents
Government
Academia
NGO
Cultural Agents
Private Sector
Community Organizations
Public Policy
Infrastructure
Coordination
Entrepreneurship
Cultural Engagement
Citizenship
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Agents’ Roles
Government – Should focus on public policy to promote sustainability in local development and provide cultural infrastructure.
Academia – Should focus on programs to support
entrepreneurs and collaboration between agents.
NGOs – To develop collaboration efforts and alliances with community organizations.
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Agents’ Roles
Cultural agents – Should develop the cultural offering (routes, events, performances, educational, etc.) and promote participation.
Private Sector – Should contribute through
infrastructure and ventures related to the tourist experience.
Community Organizations – Should influence public policy and guarantee participation in all processes.
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Conclusions
Top-down models does not understand the multiple implications of cultural tourism strategies.
Cultural tourism strategies need a balance between economic policy objectives and cultural policy objectives.
A two-way model could allow agents to understand their role in the ecosystem and facilitate the implementation process.
It is important to develop indicator for each of the main challenges.
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J A V IE R J . H E R N Á N D E Z A C O S TA
U N IV E R S ID A D D E L S A G R A D O C O R A ZÓ N
J J H E R N A N D E Z@ S A G R A D O . E D U
H A ZE L C O LÓ N V Á ZQ U E Z
U N IV E R S ID A D D E P U E R TO R IC O
H A ZE L. C O L O N P R @ G M A I L . C O M
Questions?