CULTIVATED PLANTS IN THE TROPICAL ZONE

Worldwide more human beings gain their livelihood from agriculture growing food for local consumption is the core of tropical agriculture, and for

cash crops (crops grown for export) are also included in the definition.When people discuss the tropics, it is normal to use generalized labels to group

together similar tropical areas. Common terms would include the humid-tropics (rainforests); the arid-tropics (deserts and dry areas); or monsoon zones (those

areas that have well defined wet/dry seasons and experience monsoons).

COFFEE

Coffea is a genus of flowering plants whose seeds, called coffee beans, are used to make coffee. They are shrubs or small trees native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical Asia. The coffee plant is a dicot evergreen tree. Flowers are in cluster and they are white The trees produce edible red or purple fruits called "cherries„ that look like drupes. The fruits are in cluster too. The cherries contain two seeds, the so-called "coffee beans", Arabica 80 % Robusta 20 % of the world coffee beans producing.Blue Mountain coffee: 100g : 28 $ kb. 7800 Ft

Kopi luwak or civet coffee, refers to the coffee that includes part-digested coffee cherries eaten and defecated by the Asian palm civet

Caffeine formula

A shade tolerant rainforest tree that grows about 4 or 5 metre tall throughout the year it produces small flowers right off the trunk that later forms cacao pods oval shaped form shells. When they rape can contain so many seeds inside a soft white cocoa fruit.

Cacao= the plant and the beanCocoa= after processing ( powder, butter,

CACAO

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fiMjr3Rwdjs

COCOA

CAROB ( Szentjánoskenyér)

Carob (or ksylokerato in Greek, which derives from the Ancient Greek word kerátiοn (literally "small horn"), is the fruit of the carob tree an evergreen native tree that flourishes in countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea and throughout Middle East. Carob pods look like bean pods and, when ripe, they are dried changing, their color to a tone of dark brown that resembles chocolate. For centuries, it has been one of the most important food sweeteners.Known from a much earlier time, carob pods hold a special place in the Greek diet, not only for their nutritional importance, but also for their medicinal properties.The pectin and lignin in carob do not only regulate digestion, but also have the ability to neutralize and carry harmful elements (even radioactive particles) safely out of the body.

The carob tree, St John's-bread,or locust bean is a species of flowering evergreen shrub or tree. Tree grows up to 15 metres tall. The crown is broad and semi-spherical, supported by thick trunk with brown rough bark. Leaves are 10 to 20 centimetres. The male trees don't produce fruit. The trees blossom in autumn.

Male carob flower

Chocolate is produced from the cacao tree, but it is not a nectar-producing tree. So carob stands alone as the source of this delicious chocolate-scented honey!The carob tree comes in separate male and female trees. Flowers of the male are stamen clusters with pollen, producing a very strong odor, while the female produces small, yellow, aromatic flowers grouped in clusters. Both male and female flowers produce nectar and attract large numbers of insects. As they are unable to self-pollinate, this is a task left to insects, bees and the wind.

Female carob flower

tea

Camellia sinensis is a species of evergreen shrub or small tree whose leaves and leaf buds are used to produce tea.茶树

Camellia sinensis is native to East Asia, the Indian Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, but it is today cultivated across the world in tropical and subtropical regions.Tea plant is an evergreen shrub or small tree that is usually trimmed to below 2 m when cultivated for its leaves. It has a strong taproot. The flowers are yellow-white, 2.5–4 cm in with 7 to 8 petals.The seeds of Camellia sinensis and Camellia oleifera can be pressed to yield tea oil, a sweetish seasoning and cooking oil that should not be confused with tea tree oil, an essential oil that is used for medical and cosmetic purposes, and originates from the leaves of a different plant.The leaves are 4–15 cm long and 2–5 cm broad. Fresh leaves contain about 4% caffeine, as well as related compounds including theobromine The young, light green leaves are preferably harvested for tea production; they have short white hairs on the underside. Older leaves are deeper green. Different leaf ages produce differing tea qualities,. Usually, the bud and the first two to three leaves are harvested for processing.

Chinese teasThe Chinese plant (sometimes called C. sinensis var. sinensis) is a small-leafed bush with multiple stems that reaches a height of some 3 meters. It is native to southeast China. The first tea plant to be discovered, recorded and used to produce tea three thousand years ago,

Indian teasThree main kinds of tea are produced in India:•Assam comes from the northeastern section of the country. This heavily forested region is home to much wildlife. Tea from here is rich and full-bodied. It was in Assam that the first tea estate was established, in 1837.•Darjeeling, from the cool and wet Darjeeling region, tucked in the foothills of the Himalayas. Tea plantations reach 2,200 metres. The tea is delicately flavoured, and considered to be one of the finest teas in the world. •Nilgiri, from a southern region of India almost as high as Darjeeling. Grown at elevations between 1,000 and 2,500 metres, Nilgiri teas are subtle and rather gentle, and are frequently blended with other, more robust teas

CoconutThe coconut tree is a member of the palm family. It is monocot. The term coconut can refer to the entire coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which, botanically, is a drupe, not a nut. The spelling cocoanut is an archaic form of the word.  The term is derived from the 16th-century Portuguese and Spanish word coco meaning "head" or "skull"

The root has a fibrous root systemThe trunk often reaches a height of 25-30 meters straight,. Typically, light grey in colour.The palm produces both the female and male flowers on the same inflorescence; the palm is monoecious.The fruits, coconut, egg-shaped and pendulous, the colour from green to orange range. Size 30 centimeters long, 18 centimeters in diameter, weighing 1-2 kilograms.

The coconut are covered with fibers can be used for making brush bristles, sealants, and - textile techniques - carpets, matting, cords. This immature coconut soaked in water for 3 days, so that the fibers are separated from the skins to the hard skin After the fibers are dried, hackle. The coco mats are extremely flexible, so that previously made the gym mats and matrices.

The various parts of the coconut have a number of culinary uses. The seed provides oil for frying, cooking, and making margarine. The white, fleshy part of the seed, the coconut meat, is used fresh or dried in cooking, especially in dessertscoconut milk made from it is frequently added to curries and other savory dishes. Coconut flour has also been developed for use in bakingCoconut chips have been sold in the tourist regions of Hawaii and the Caribbean. Coconut butter is often used to describe solidified coconut oil. Dried coconut is also used as the filling for many chocolate bar. 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gOfOt76D3MM

Maldivien banknote

bananaThe banana is an edible fruit, botanically a berry,

produced by several kinds of large herbaceous monocot flowering plants. The fruit is variable in size, color and firmness. The fruits grow in clusters hanging from the top of the plant. They are grown in at least 107 countries, primarily for their fruit. All the above-ground parts of a banana plant grow from a structure usually called a "corm". The female flowers (which can develop into fruit) appear in rows further up the stem (closer to the leaves) from the rows of male flowers. The banana fruits develop from the banana heart, in a large hanging cluster, with up to 20 fruit to a tier. The hanging cluster is known as a bunch, or commercially as a "banana stem", and can weigh 30–50 kilograms. Individual banana is in average 125 grams of which approximately 75% is water and 25% dry matter

corm

Banana flowers and leaves for sale in a market in Thailand.

Wild banana

PineappleThe pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with edible multiple fruit consisting of berries come together , also called pineapples and the most economically significant plant in the Bromelias family.Pineapples may be cultivated from a crown cutting of the fruit possibly flowering in 20–24 months and fruiting in the following six months. Pineapples can be consumed fresh, cooked, juiced, and preserved.. In addition to consumption, the pineapple leaves are used to produce the textile fiber in the Philippines, commonly used as the material for the men's Barong Tagalog and women's Baro't saya formal wear in the country. The fiber is also used as a component for wallpaper and other furnishings.Seed formation needs pollination. In Hawaii, where pineapple is cultivated on an agricultural scale, importation of hummingbirds is prohibited for this reason Certain bat-pollinated wild pineapples open their flowers only at night