cta - vision batt · cta front terminal series and is designed to help users select the appropriate...
TRANSCRIPT
Center Power Industrial Park Tongfu Industrial DistrictDapeng TownPC 518120 Shenzhen China
Tel +86-755-8431 8088 Fax +86-755-8431 8700
E-mail salesvision-battcom Website httpwwwvision-battcom
(Edition Apr 2008)
CTA Front Terminal Type
Series
wwwvision-battcom
Shenzhen Center Power Tech Co Ltd
VISION
Rechargeable Products
Lead-Acid Battery
On
e o
f th
e l
arg
est
Seale
d L
ead A
cid
Batt
ery
man
ufa
ctu
rers
in t
he w
orl
d
21
IntroductionContents
The new VISION CTA series of VRLA
batteries has been specially designed for
use in telecom systems With proven
compliance to the most rigorous
international standards Such as
IEC60896-2122 BS6290-4 Eurobat
Guide VISION CTA series batteries are
recognized as the best ones for telecom
applications With front access terminals
its easy for installing and taking voltage
readings during service The battery
container and cover made from V0 class
flame retardant ABS amp with thick walls
offer the battery with high mechanical
strength and safety service features
VISION CTA delivers high performance
while occupying less space than
conventional battery series
Shenzhen Center Power Tech CoLtd has
more than 15 years experience in the
manufacturing of VRLA batteries
This product guide covers the VISION
CTA Front Terminal series and is designed
to help users select the appropriate
battery for particular applications
Technical information includes detailed
discharge performance data for each unit
and advice on calculating the correct
battery size
The new VISION CTA Front Terminal
range of valve regulated lead acid
batteries has been designed specifically
for use in applications where demand
the highest levels of security and
reliability With proven compliance to
international standards VISION CTA is
recognized as one of the best battery
series for TelecomIT applications
The adoption of gas recombination
technology enables lead acid batteries
be manufactured in sealed design and
maintenance-free This Technology
provides the user with the freedom to
use lead acid batteries in a wide range of
applications and batteries can be
installed in any locations
The VISION CTA Front Terminal batteries
are suitable for 19rdquo 23rdquo and ETSI
racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density With all
electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler
and quicker
wwwvision-battcom
Features and benefits
IEC60896-2122
BS6290-4
Eurobat Guide
IEC 707 FV0
DOT 167
1 High conductivity connectors and terminal
Strong copper threaded insert terminals providing high conductivity
and power The front access terminals make installation very
convenient
2 High reliability terminal sealing
VISIONs unique construction and sealing technique guarantee that no
electrolyte leakage can occur
3 Self-regulating relief valve
Low-pressure self-return valve prevents ingress of oxygen in the
atmosphere
4 Thick positive plates
Scientific grids designed to resist corrosion and increase battery
service life
5 Balanced negative plates
Ensure optimum recombination efficiency
6 Tough amp V0 flame retardant battery container and cover ensure
safety operation of battery
7 Separators
Low resistance microporous glassfibre The electrolyte is absorbed
within this material
8 Lifting handles
All the batteries in the range are provided with rope handles
Construction
Introduction 1
Features and benefitsStandards Construction 2
Range Summary Position of terminals 3
Performance Data 4-7
Selection of Battery Size 8
Technology 9
Operating Characteristics 10
Operating Instructions andGuidelines 11
Installation and CommissioningCharge 12
Battery Storage 13
Battery Accommodation 14
Thick pasted plates with high quality lead-tin-calcium alloy grids for long service life
Centralized venting system for gas ventilation
Rope handles for handing and installation convenience
Design life 12+ years
Easy installation
Robust copper terminals providing high conductivity easy connection
Front access terminals for easy and quick connection
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Standards
Unitmm
19
M8
45
3 4
CTA12-50X CTA12-80XCTA12-75X
CTA12-85X CTA12-100X CTA12-155XCTA12-125X
CTA12-50X 12 50 279 110 105 413 280 110 280 110 M8 200 441
CTA12-75X 12 75 563 222 115 453 188 740 188 740 M8 285 628
CTA12-80X 12 80 508 200 110 433 231 909 231 909 M8 310 684
CTA12-85X 12 85 393 155 125 492 256 101 256 101 M8 320 706
CTA12-100X 12 100 558 220 125 492 228 898 228 898 M8 420 9265
CTA12-125X 12 125 548 221 105 413 316 124 316 124 M8 495 109
CTA12-140X 12 140 428 168 177 697 253 996 253 996 M8 486 107
CTA12-155X 12 155 546 215 125 492 315 124 315 124 M8 616 13588
TYPE NominalVoltage(V)
Capacity Terminal Wt(lbs)
oto 18Vpc10hr20 C L(mm) L(inch) W(mm) H(mm) W(inch) H(inch) TH(mm) TH(inch) Wt(Kg)
Range Summary
Position of terminals
Pe
rfo
rma
nce
Da
taA
mp
ere
s
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
e p
erf
orm
an
ce
oC
onst
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
C to
16
5 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e
C
o( A
mpere
s )
at
20
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
CTA
12-5
0X
104
857
729
632
561
506
456
420
386
358
252
200
168
147
119
100
84
673
364
858
253
045
723
8
CTA
12-7
5X
155
129
109
949
842
759
684
630
580
536
378
299
251
220
178
151
127
110
97
387
479
468
635
7
CTA
12-8
0X
166
137
117
101
898
809
730
672
618
572
403
319
268
234
190
161
135
117
104
93
284
773
138
1
CTA
12-8
5X
176
146
124
108
954
860
775
714
657
608
428
339
285
249
201
171
144
125
110
99
090
077
740
5
CTA
12-1
00X
207
171
146
126
112
101
912
840
773
715
504
399
335
293
237
201
169
147
130
117
106
91
447
6
CTA
12-1
25X
214
182
158
140
126
114
105
966
894
630
499
419
366
296
251
212
183
162
146
132
114
59
5
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
213
186
164
147
138
130
122
116
840
646
543
475
372
310
259
223
198
177
160
141
74
7
260
215
180
160
140
129
117
108
100
935
670
530
455
395
315
265
225
200
180
165
148
128
68
5
CTA
12-5
0X
960
809
689
607
533
482
434
398
372
350
247
195
164
144
116
98
483
072
063
857
452
245
323
6
CTA
12-7
5X
144
121
103
910
800
723
652
597
558
525
371
293
246
215
174
148
125
108
95
786
078
467
935
4
CTA
12-8
0X
153
129
110
971
853
771
695
637
595
560
395
312
262
230
186
157
133
115
102
91
883
672
437
8
CTA
12-8
5X
163
138
117
103
907
819
739
677
632
595
420
332
279
244
197
167
141
122
108
97
588
876
940
1
CTA
12-1
00X
192
162
138
121
107
964
869
796
744
700
494
390
328
287
232
197
166
144
128
115
105
90
547
2
CTA
12-1
25X
202
172
152
133
120
109
995
930
875
618
488
410
359
290
246
208
180
159
143
131
113
59
0
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
204
177
156
143
133
126
120
114
822
638
538
471
369
307
257
221
196
175
158
140
73
7
245
203
171
153
134
124
113
104
971
910
653
517
445
386
309
260
221
197
177
163
146
126
67
7
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
65
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
oC
onst
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
C to
17
0 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
CTA
12-5
0X
908
769
658
580
515
463
420
391
365
343
242
191
161
140
113
96
281
370
662
756
551
544
723
4
CTA
12-7
5X
136
115
986
870
773
695
630
586
547
515
362
287
241
210
170
144
122
106
94
084
777
367
035
0
CTA
12-8
0X
145
123
105
928
824
741
672
625
583
549
386
306
257
224
181
154
130
113
100
90
382
471
537
4
CTA
12-8
5X
154
131
112
986
876
788
714
664
620
583
411
325
273
238
192
163
138
120
107
96
087
675
939
7
CTA
12-1
00X
182
154
132
116
103
927
840
782
729
686
483
382
321
280
226
192
163
141
125
113
103
89
346
7
CTA
12-1
25X
192
164
145
129
116
105
977
911
858
604
478
401
350
28
3240
203
177
157
141
129
112
58
4
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
194
170
151
139
129
121
116
111
803
630
532
467
365
304
254
219
195
174
157
139
73
3
230
192
162
145
128
119
109
101
943
885
636
505
434
378
30
2255
217
194
175
160
144
125
67
0
CTA
12-5
0X
855
725
624
557
496
447
410
379
352
330
237
187
157
137
111
93
779
569
361
755
751
044
123
2
CTA
12-7
5X
128
109
936
836
744
671
615
569
529
496
355
281
236
206
167
141
119
104
92
583
676
566
134
7
CTA
12-8
0X
137
116
100
891
794
715
656
607
564
529
378
299
251
219
178
150
127
111
99
089
281
670
537
0
CTA
12-8
5X
145
123
106
947
843
760
697
645
599
562
402
318
267
233
189
159
135
118
105
94
886
774
939
4
CTA
12-1
00X
171
145
125
111
992
894
820
759
705
661
473
374
314
274
222
188
159
139
123
112
102
88
146
3
CTA
12-1
25X
181
156
139
124
112
103
948
881
826
591
468
393
343
278
234
199
173
154
139
128
110
57
9
CTA
12-1
40X
215
180
152
138
122
114
104
968
914
860
618
492
424
369
296
250
213
190
172
158
142
123
66
2
CTA
12-1
55X
185
164
144
135
125
118
112
107
789
622
527
463
362
302
253
218
193
173
156
138
72
8
CTA
12-5
0X
820
690
603
539
484
437
400
370
344
321
232
183
154
135
109
91
477
667
760
454
650
043
222
7
CTA
12-7
5X
123
104
904
809
725
655
600
555
515
482
348
275
231
202
164
137
116
102
90
581
975
064
934
1
CTA
12-8
0X
131
110
960
863
774
698
640
592
550
514
371
293
246
215
174
146
124
108
97
087
480
069
236
3
CTA
12-8
5X
139
117
102
917
822
742
680
629
584
546
394
311
262
229
185
155
132
115
103
92
885
073
538
6
CTA
12-1
00X
164
138
120
108
967
873
800
740
687
643
464
366
308
269
218
183
155
136
121
109
100
86
545
4
CTA
12-1
25X
173
151
135
121
109
100
925
859
803
580
458
385
336
273
229
194
169
151
137
125
108
56
8
CTA
12-1
40X
200
168
143
130
116
109
100
931
885
835
601
479
413
360
290
245
209
187
169
155
140
121
65
4
CTA
12-1
55X
173
151
138
127
119
114
107
102
770
615
522
460
360
300
251
216
192
172
155
137
72
3
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Pe
rfo
rma
nce
Da
ta W
att
s p
er
cell
Co
nsta
nt
Po
we
r D
isch
arg
e p
erf
orm
an
ce
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
60 v
olts
per
cell
oC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
65 v
olts
per
cell
oC
CTA
12-5
0X
177
148
126
111
993
906
828
767
714
665
470
371
313
275
223
192
163
140
126
113
102
87
545
0
CTA
12-7
5X
266
222
189
167
149
136
124
115
107
998
705
556
470
413
335
287
244
210
188
169
153
131
67
4
CTA
12-8
0X
284
237
202
178
159
145
132
123
114
106
752
593
501
440
35
7306
261
224
201
180
163
140
71
9
CTA
12-8
5X
302
252
214
189
169
154
141
130
121
113
799
630
533
468
37
9326
277
238
213
191
173
149
76
4
CTA
12-1
00X
355
296
252
223
199
181
166
154
143
133
940
741
627
550
446
383
326
280
251
225
204
175
89
9
CTA
12-1
25X
356
302
267
238
217
199
184
179
166
117
927
783
688
55
8479
407
350
314
281
255
219
112
CTA
12-1
40X
470
390
328
292
257
237
216
200
186
175
126
100
860
750
602
510
435
388
350
322
290
251
138
CTA
12-1
55X
358
320
290
266
249
235
224
212
155
125
107
951
744
620
522
452
410
368
334
289
149
CTA
12-5
0X
168
141
122
108
962
875
792
740
690
644
458
360
307
271
22
0188
160
138
124
112
101
87
044
8
CTA
12-7
5X
252
212
183
161
144
131
119
111
104
966
687
539
460
407
33
0283
239
206
186
167
152
131
67
1
CTA
12-8
0X
269
226
195
172
154
140
127
118
110
103
733
575
490
434
35
2301
255
220
198
178
162
139
71
6
CTA
12-8
5X
285
240
207
183
163
149
135
126
117
110
779
611
521
461
374
320
271
234
211
190
172
148
76
1
CTA
12-1
00X
336
282
244
215
192
175
158
148
138
129
916
719
613
542
44
0377
319
275
248
223
202
174
89
5
CTA
12-1
25X
338
293
258
231
210
190
177
173
161
115
899
766
678
550
471
399
344
310
279
253
218
112
CTA
12-1
40X
444
369
312
279
247
228
209
194
181
171
123
979
843
736
59
3503
429
384
346
319
288
249
137
CTA
12-1
55X
346
308
282
259
244
230
219
209
153
123
106
944
738
615
517
448
406
365
331
286
148
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
The following examples are designed to illustrate the
method of determining which VISION CTA Front Terminal
unit will support your required duty load
Constant current discharge
EXAMPLE A To demonstrate constant current calculation and
also the effect of temperature
A nominal 50V telecommunications system using a 24 cell
battery and requiring 185 amps constant current will operate
satisfactorily at a minimum battery terminal volts level of 42
volts
Calculate the battery type required for 5 hours standby
duration on the basis of
(a) 20 operating temperature
(b) 0 operating temperature
METHOD
Minimum allowable volts per cell
42 volts
= 175Vpc24 cells
Hence cell performance requirement is 185 amps
Constant current to 175Vpc
By reference to constant current performance table
relating to 175 volts per cell level (see page 5)
(a) at 20
CTA12-100X unit size is smallest available size to use
(188 amps available)
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-100X
(b) at 0
By reference to the table on page 10 of this
product guide available current output at 0 C is
reduced by factor 083
The refore at 0 - 5 hours output is reduced to
on CTA12-100X size 188 amps x 083 = 158 amps
Hence CTA12-100X unit size too small
Try the next largest unit size - CTA12-125X At 0 available
current output is 234 amps x 083 =194 amps
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-125X
oCoC
oC
oC
o
oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
Constant power discharge
EXAMPLE B To demonstrate constant power
calculation
An inverter system requires a DC constant power input of
58 kW in the voltage range 451 volts maximum 317 volts
minimum
Calculate the optimum battery size required for
operation for a 4 hour standby period
METHOD
Number of cells
= 451228Vpc = 198 cells
Minimum volt per cell
317198 = 16Vpc
Watts per cell
= 5800 watts 198 cells = 293watts per cell
Hence cell performance requirement is 293 watts to
16Vpc at 20
By reference to the constant power performance table
(see page 6) relating to 16 volts per cell level
CTA12-75X monobloc is the correct available size to use
20oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Selection of battery size
87
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
CTA
12-5
0X
159
133
115
103
923
847
771
718
673
635
451
354
302
267
21
7184
157
136
124
111
101
86
944
5
CTA
12-7
5X
238
200
173
154
138
127
116
108
101
953
677
531
453
401
32
5276
236
204
185
166
151
130
66
8
CTA
12-8
0X
254
213
185
164
148
136
123
115
108
102
722
566
483
427
34
6295
251
218
198
177
161
139
71
2
CTA
12-8
5X
270
226
196
174
157
144
131
122
114
108
767
602
513
454
36
8313
267
231
210
188
171
148
75
7
CTA
12-1
00X
318
266
231
205
184
169
154
144
135
127
902
708
604
534
433
368
314
272
247
221
201
174
89
0
CTA
12-1
25X
319
277
246
221
203
185
172
168
159
113
885
755
668
54
1460
393
340
309
276
251
217
111
CTA
12-1
40X
418
349
296
266
236
220
201
188
177
167
120
958
825
722
584
495
423
379
343
316
285
247
136
CTA
12-1
55X
337
301
273
252
238
225
215
204
151
121
105
937
733
610
513
444
404
362
329
284
147
CTA
12-5
0X
149
126
111
990
885
811
757
698
661
618
442
349
297
263
214
182
155
134
123
110
100
86
544
3
CTA
12-7
5X
223
189
166
148
133
122
114
105
990
927
662
523
446
395
320
274
233
201
184
165
150
130
66
5
CTA
12-8
0X
238
201
177
158
142
130
121
112
106
990
706
558
475
421
342
292
248
214
196
176
160
138
70
9
CTA
12-8
5X
253
214
189
168
150
138
129
119
112
105
751
592
505
447
36
3310
264
228
208
187
170
147
75
3
CTA
12-1
00X
298
252
222
198
177
162
151
140
132
124
883
697
594
526
42
7365
310
268
245
220
200
173
88
6
CTA
12-1
25X
302
266
237
212
195
182
168
165
154
110
871
743
658
534
456
388
335
306
275
250
216
111
CTA
12-1
40X
391
328
279
253
226
211
194
181
172
162
117
936
808
708
57
4488
416
375
339
312
283
245
135
CTA
12-1
55X
326
293
267
248
232
221
211
200
149
120
104
925
72
7605
509
441
400
359
326
282
146
CTA
12-5
0X
137
118
104
940
853
783
733
684
641
601
432
343
293
259
21
1179
153
133
121
109
98
485
044
1
CTA
12-7
5X
206
177
155
141
128
118
110
103
962
902
649
515
439
388
31
6269
230
199
181
163
148
128
66
1
CTA
12-8
0X
220
189
166
151
136
125
117
109
103
960
692
549
468
414
337
287
245
212
193
174
157
136
70
5
CTA
12-8
5X
234
201
176
160
145
133
125
116
109
102
735
583
497
439
358
305
260
225
205
185
167
145
74
9
CTA
12-1
00X
275
237
207
188
171
157
147
137
128
120
865
686
585
517
421
359
306
265
241
218
197
170
88
1
CTA
12-1
25X
284
248
226
205
188
176
164
160
150
108
858
731
646
52
6449
383
331
301
272
246
213
110
CTA
12-1
40X
365
307
263
240
215
202
186
175
167
158
114
915
790
694
56
5480
410
370
335
309
280
243
134
CTA
12-1
55X
313
282
261
242
229
217
206
196
147
118
103
910
72
1600
505
437
397
356
324
280
145
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
9 10
Operating Characteristics
The Front Terminal units should be charged
using constant potential chargers
VISION CTA
Float voltage
At normal room temperature (20 ) the recommended float
voltage is equal to 225 volts per cell
To optimise battery performance it is recommended that the
float voltage is adjusted for room ambient temperatures in
accordance with the following table
oC
Temperature Float voltage range per cell
0 231-236V
10 228-233V
20 225-230V
25 223-228V
30 222-227V
35 220-225V
40 219-224V
Under these conditions a recharge will be completed in
approximately 72 hours
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
Charging current
A discharged VRLA battery will accept a high recharge
current but for those seeking a more economical charging
system a current limit of 03 C10 (A) is adequate
Note For a completely discharged battery 80 of the capacity is
replaced in approximately
10 hours at 01 C10
6 hours at 03 C10
5 hours no current limit applied
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 144~147volts per battery can
reduce recharge time and it is possible depending on the
depth of discharge to halve the recharge time Under these
conditions however the charge must be monitored and
must be terminated when the charge current remains
reasonably steady for 3 consecutive hours after the voltage
limit has been reached At the beginning of charge the
current must be limited to 03 C10 (A) This charge regime
in order to achieve a normal service life must not be
used more than once per month
The effect of temperature on capacity
Correction factors for capacity at different temperatures are
shown in the following table the reference temperature
being 20
oC
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
050 056 063 070 077 084 092 100 108 116 124 131
062 067 073 078 084 089 095 100 105 110 115 120
073 077 081 085 089 093 096 100 103 106 109 111
o o o o o o o o o o o oC C C C C C C C C C C C
Battery temperature
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Technology
Principle of the oxygen reduction cycle
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
2
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
Valve
O
Electrolyte in absorptive glass mat
VISION CTA
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
2H
Liquid electrolyte
Convention Cell
2O
Principle of VRLA batteries
During charging of conventional lead acid battery
electrolysis of water occurs at the final stage then(so)
hydrogen generates from the negative plates and
oxygen from the positive plates This causes water
loss and periodic watering is needed
However evolution of oxygen and hydrogen gases
does not occur simultaneously because the recharge
of the positive plates is not as efficient as the
negative ones This means that oxygen is evolved
from the positive plate before hydrogen is evolved
from the negative plate
At the same time that oxygen is evolved from the
positive plate a substantial amount of highly active
spongy lead exists on the negative plate before it
commences hydrogen evolution Therefore
providing oxygen can be transported to the negative
plates conditions are ideal for a rapid reaction
between lead and oxygen ie oxygen is
electrochemically reduced on the negative plate
according to the following formula
and the final product is water
The current flowing through the negative plate
drives this reaction instead of hydrogen evolution
which occur in a conventional battery
This process is called gas recombination If this
process is 100 efficient no water would be lost
from the battery By careful design and selection of
battery components gas recombination efficiency is
between 95 to 99
- + 12e + 2H + 2O2rarrH2O
Conventional Cell
Oxygen and hydrogen escape to the atmosphere
VISION CTA
Oxygen from the positive plate transfers to the
negative and recombines with lead to form water
Recombination efficiency
Recombination efficiency is determined under specific
conditions by measuring the volume of
hydrogen emitted from the battery and converting this
into its ampere hour equivalent This equivalent value is
then subtracted from the total ampere hours taken by
the battery during the test period and the remainder is
the batterys recombination efficiency and is usually
expressed as a percentage
As recombination is never 100 some hydrogen gas is
emitted from batteries through the safety valve The
volume of gas emitted is very small and typical average
values on constant potential float at 20 are as followsoC
VISION CTA hydrogen emissions
Float Voltage Volume of gas emitted
(V) (ml per cell per C10 Ah per month)
135~138 38
144~147 25
Operating Instructions and Guidelines Installation and Commissioning Charge wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Accidental deep discharge
eg Discharge at a lower current for a longer time than
the original system specification
Failure of the charging system
Battery not recharged immediately after a discharge
When a battery is completely discharged
The utilisation of the sulphuric acid in the electrolyte is
total and the electrolyte now consists only of water
During recharge this condition may produce metallic
dendrites which can penetrate the separator and cause
a short circuit in a cell
The sulphation of the plate is at its maximum and the
internal resistance of the cell is also at its maximum
The battery should be recharged under a constant potential
of 228 volts per cell with the current limited to a maximum
of 03 C10(A) in order to prevent excessive internal heating
For instance for a CTA12-155X the maximum charge current
is 465 amps If the sulphation of the cellbattery is extensive
then the recharge of the battery may require more than 96
hours
Note Deep discharging will produce a premature deterioration of the
battery and a noticeable reduction in the life expectancy of the
battery
For optimum operation the minimum voltage of the system
should be related to the duty as follows
t lt1h 165V
1 h ltt lt5h 170V
5 h ltt lt8h 175V
8 h ltt lt20h 180V
In order to protect the battery it is advisable to have system
monitoring and low voltage cut-out
Float charge ripple
Excessive ripple on the DC supply across a battery has the
effect of reducing life and performance
It is recommended therefore that voltage regulation across
the system including the load but without the battery
connected under steady state conditions shall be better
than 1 between 5 and 100 load
(I)
(II)
(III)
(I)
(II)
Duty Minimum end voltage
Transient and other ripple type excursions can be
accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
but the load connected the system peak to peak voltage
including the regulation limits falls within 25 of the
recommended float voltage of the battery
Under no circumstances should the current flowing through
the battery when it is operating under float conditions
reverse into the discharge mode
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)
products are covered by the EMC statement in
prEN 502261995 which reads as follows
Rechargeable cells or batteries are not sensitive to normal
electromagnetic disturbances and therefore no immunity
tests shall be required Free-standing rechargeable cells or
batteries electrically isolated from any associated electrical
system are for all practical purposes electromagnetically
inert and therefore the requirements for electromagnetic
compatibility shall be deemed to be satisfied
Note It should be noted that rechargeable cells or batteries are part
of an electrical system and the manner in which they are used could
invoke the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility upon
that system In such cases the requirements of electromagnetic
compatibility shall be accommodated by the design of the system
Maintenance
Every month check that the total voltage at the battery
terminals is (N x 225V) for a temperature of 20
N = the number of cells in the battery and
225V = 20 float voltage
Once a year take a reading of the individual bloc voltages
in the battery A variation of 25 on individual voltages
from the average voltage is acceptable
The system must be checked once or twice a year
Principal factors affecting the life of recombination
batteries
Deep discharge
Poor control of the float voltage
Cycling or micro-cycling
Poor quality of charging current (excessive ripple)
High ambient temperature
VISION CTA
oC
oC
11
Warning
Front Terminal units are already charged when
delivered
They should be unpacked with care Avoid short circuiting
terminals of opposite polarity as these units are capable of
discharging at a very high current especially if the lid or the
container is damaged
Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided before
switching on noting open circuit voltage
There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking
It is advisable to unpack all the monoblocs and accessories
before commencing to erect and not to unpack and erect
monobloc by monobloc
All items should be carefully checked against the
accompanying advice notes to ascertain if any are missing
Advise the Sales Department of any discrepancies
A rigid plastic insulating cover is provided which totally
protects the unit terminals This is factory fitted to all
products of the range and there is no need to remove it
until access to the terminals is required
Setting up the battery stands
The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
To level the stand use the adjustable insulating feet
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery
Is suitably insulated
Is naturally ventilated
Connecting the monoblocs
Torque setting
Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label
VISION CTA Always use insulated tools for fitting and torquring up
battery connections
In series
The number of cells in series (N) will not affect the
selected float voltage per cell
Therefore charging float voltage = N x Cell float Voltage
No special circuit arrangements are required
In parallel
Using constant voltage chargers and ensuring that the
connections made between the charger and the batteries
have the same electrical resistance no special
arrangements have to be made for batteries in parallel
Although no special circuit arrangements are required
where the parallel connection is made at the charger or
distribution board to avoid out of step conditions
the bus bar run length and the area of cross section
should be designed so that the circuit resistance value
for each string is equal within limits 5
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid static
generation
Use only a clean soft damp cloth for cleaning the
monoblocs Do not use chemicals or detergents
Use insulated tools
Commence installation at the least accessible point
Consult the drawing for the correct position of the
monobloc poles
Commissioning charge
Ensure that the batteries will be operated in a clean
environment
Before use the batteries should be charged at a constant
float voltage adjusted according to the ambient temperature
eg 135~138Vbattery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours or
alternatively a voltage of 144~147Vbattery at 20 can be
used to reduce the commissioning period from 24 to 15 hours
Where the batteries have been stored under harsh
conditions this increased voltage recharge is particularly
effective
oCoC
12
13
The VISION Front Terminal batterys compact
design and standard footprint suitable for 19rdquo
23rdquo and ETSI racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density
With all electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler and
quicker
Recharge of stored batteries
A refreshing charge shall be performed after this time at
135-138V battery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours
A current limit is not essential but for optimum charge
efficiency the current output of the charger can be limited
to 20 of the 10-hour rated capacity
The necessity of a refreshing charge can also be determined
by measuring the open circuit voltage of a stored battery
Refreshing charge is advised if the voltage drops below
210 volts per cell
Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly
reduced capacity and service life
oC
Storage conditions
Store the battery in a dry clean and preferably cool location
Storage time
As the batteries are supplied charged storage time is limited
In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged
storage it is advisable not to store batteries for more than
6 months at 20
3 months at 30
6 weeks at 40
Battery state of charge
The battery state of charge can be determined by measuring
the open-circuit voltage of cells in rest position for 24 hours
at 20
100 214Vpc
80 210Vpc
60 207Vpc
40 204Vpc
20 200Vpc
Open circuit voltage variation with temperature is 25mV
per 10
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
State of charge Voltage
Battery AccommodationBattery Storagewwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
14
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
21
IntroductionContents
The new VISION CTA series of VRLA
batteries has been specially designed for
use in telecom systems With proven
compliance to the most rigorous
international standards Such as
IEC60896-2122 BS6290-4 Eurobat
Guide VISION CTA series batteries are
recognized as the best ones for telecom
applications With front access terminals
its easy for installing and taking voltage
readings during service The battery
container and cover made from V0 class
flame retardant ABS amp with thick walls
offer the battery with high mechanical
strength and safety service features
VISION CTA delivers high performance
while occupying less space than
conventional battery series
Shenzhen Center Power Tech CoLtd has
more than 15 years experience in the
manufacturing of VRLA batteries
This product guide covers the VISION
CTA Front Terminal series and is designed
to help users select the appropriate
battery for particular applications
Technical information includes detailed
discharge performance data for each unit
and advice on calculating the correct
battery size
The new VISION CTA Front Terminal
range of valve regulated lead acid
batteries has been designed specifically
for use in applications where demand
the highest levels of security and
reliability With proven compliance to
international standards VISION CTA is
recognized as one of the best battery
series for TelecomIT applications
The adoption of gas recombination
technology enables lead acid batteries
be manufactured in sealed design and
maintenance-free This Technology
provides the user with the freedom to
use lead acid batteries in a wide range of
applications and batteries can be
installed in any locations
The VISION CTA Front Terminal batteries
are suitable for 19rdquo 23rdquo and ETSI
racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density With all
electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler
and quicker
wwwvision-battcom
Features and benefits
IEC60896-2122
BS6290-4
Eurobat Guide
IEC 707 FV0
DOT 167
1 High conductivity connectors and terminal
Strong copper threaded insert terminals providing high conductivity
and power The front access terminals make installation very
convenient
2 High reliability terminal sealing
VISIONs unique construction and sealing technique guarantee that no
electrolyte leakage can occur
3 Self-regulating relief valve
Low-pressure self-return valve prevents ingress of oxygen in the
atmosphere
4 Thick positive plates
Scientific grids designed to resist corrosion and increase battery
service life
5 Balanced negative plates
Ensure optimum recombination efficiency
6 Tough amp V0 flame retardant battery container and cover ensure
safety operation of battery
7 Separators
Low resistance microporous glassfibre The electrolyte is absorbed
within this material
8 Lifting handles
All the batteries in the range are provided with rope handles
Construction
Introduction 1
Features and benefitsStandards Construction 2
Range Summary Position of terminals 3
Performance Data 4-7
Selection of Battery Size 8
Technology 9
Operating Characteristics 10
Operating Instructions andGuidelines 11
Installation and CommissioningCharge 12
Battery Storage 13
Battery Accommodation 14
Thick pasted plates with high quality lead-tin-calcium alloy grids for long service life
Centralized venting system for gas ventilation
Rope handles for handing and installation convenience
Design life 12+ years
Easy installation
Robust copper terminals providing high conductivity easy connection
Front access terminals for easy and quick connection
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Standards
Unitmm
19
M8
45
3 4
CTA12-50X CTA12-80XCTA12-75X
CTA12-85X CTA12-100X CTA12-155XCTA12-125X
CTA12-50X 12 50 279 110 105 413 280 110 280 110 M8 200 441
CTA12-75X 12 75 563 222 115 453 188 740 188 740 M8 285 628
CTA12-80X 12 80 508 200 110 433 231 909 231 909 M8 310 684
CTA12-85X 12 85 393 155 125 492 256 101 256 101 M8 320 706
CTA12-100X 12 100 558 220 125 492 228 898 228 898 M8 420 9265
CTA12-125X 12 125 548 221 105 413 316 124 316 124 M8 495 109
CTA12-140X 12 140 428 168 177 697 253 996 253 996 M8 486 107
CTA12-155X 12 155 546 215 125 492 315 124 315 124 M8 616 13588
TYPE NominalVoltage(V)
Capacity Terminal Wt(lbs)
oto 18Vpc10hr20 C L(mm) L(inch) W(mm) H(mm) W(inch) H(inch) TH(mm) TH(inch) Wt(Kg)
Range Summary
Position of terminals
Pe
rfo
rma
nce
Da
taA
mp
ere
s
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
e p
erf
orm
an
ce
oC
onst
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
C to
16
5 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e
C
o( A
mpere
s )
at
20
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
CTA
12-5
0X
104
857
729
632
561
506
456
420
386
358
252
200
168
147
119
100
84
673
364
858
253
045
723
8
CTA
12-7
5X
155
129
109
949
842
759
684
630
580
536
378
299
251
220
178
151
127
110
97
387
479
468
635
7
CTA
12-8
0X
166
137
117
101
898
809
730
672
618
572
403
319
268
234
190
161
135
117
104
93
284
773
138
1
CTA
12-8
5X
176
146
124
108
954
860
775
714
657
608
428
339
285
249
201
171
144
125
110
99
090
077
740
5
CTA
12-1
00X
207
171
146
126
112
101
912
840
773
715
504
399
335
293
237
201
169
147
130
117
106
91
447
6
CTA
12-1
25X
214
182
158
140
126
114
105
966
894
630
499
419
366
296
251
212
183
162
146
132
114
59
5
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
213
186
164
147
138
130
122
116
840
646
543
475
372
310
259
223
198
177
160
141
74
7
260
215
180
160
140
129
117
108
100
935
670
530
455
395
315
265
225
200
180
165
148
128
68
5
CTA
12-5
0X
960
809
689
607
533
482
434
398
372
350
247
195
164
144
116
98
483
072
063
857
452
245
323
6
CTA
12-7
5X
144
121
103
910
800
723
652
597
558
525
371
293
246
215
174
148
125
108
95
786
078
467
935
4
CTA
12-8
0X
153
129
110
971
853
771
695
637
595
560
395
312
262
230
186
157
133
115
102
91
883
672
437
8
CTA
12-8
5X
163
138
117
103
907
819
739
677
632
595
420
332
279
244
197
167
141
122
108
97
588
876
940
1
CTA
12-1
00X
192
162
138
121
107
964
869
796
744
700
494
390
328
287
232
197
166
144
128
115
105
90
547
2
CTA
12-1
25X
202
172
152
133
120
109
995
930
875
618
488
410
359
290
246
208
180
159
143
131
113
59
0
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
204
177
156
143
133
126
120
114
822
638
538
471
369
307
257
221
196
175
158
140
73
7
245
203
171
153
134
124
113
104
971
910
653
517
445
386
309
260
221
197
177
163
146
126
67
7
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
65
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
oC
onst
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
C to
17
0 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
CTA
12-5
0X
908
769
658
580
515
463
420
391
365
343
242
191
161
140
113
96
281
370
662
756
551
544
723
4
CTA
12-7
5X
136
115
986
870
773
695
630
586
547
515
362
287
241
210
170
144
122
106
94
084
777
367
035
0
CTA
12-8
0X
145
123
105
928
824
741
672
625
583
549
386
306
257
224
181
154
130
113
100
90
382
471
537
4
CTA
12-8
5X
154
131
112
986
876
788
714
664
620
583
411
325
273
238
192
163
138
120
107
96
087
675
939
7
CTA
12-1
00X
182
154
132
116
103
927
840
782
729
686
483
382
321
280
226
192
163
141
125
113
103
89
346
7
CTA
12-1
25X
192
164
145
129
116
105
977
911
858
604
478
401
350
28
3240
203
177
157
141
129
112
58
4
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
194
170
151
139
129
121
116
111
803
630
532
467
365
304
254
219
195
174
157
139
73
3
230
192
162
145
128
119
109
101
943
885
636
505
434
378
30
2255
217
194
175
160
144
125
67
0
CTA
12-5
0X
855
725
624
557
496
447
410
379
352
330
237
187
157
137
111
93
779
569
361
755
751
044
123
2
CTA
12-7
5X
128
109
936
836
744
671
615
569
529
496
355
281
236
206
167
141
119
104
92
583
676
566
134
7
CTA
12-8
0X
137
116
100
891
794
715
656
607
564
529
378
299
251
219
178
150
127
111
99
089
281
670
537
0
CTA
12-8
5X
145
123
106
947
843
760
697
645
599
562
402
318
267
233
189
159
135
118
105
94
886
774
939
4
CTA
12-1
00X
171
145
125
111
992
894
820
759
705
661
473
374
314
274
222
188
159
139
123
112
102
88
146
3
CTA
12-1
25X
181
156
139
124
112
103
948
881
826
591
468
393
343
278
234
199
173
154
139
128
110
57
9
CTA
12-1
40X
215
180
152
138
122
114
104
968
914
860
618
492
424
369
296
250
213
190
172
158
142
123
66
2
CTA
12-1
55X
185
164
144
135
125
118
112
107
789
622
527
463
362
302
253
218
193
173
156
138
72
8
CTA
12-5
0X
820
690
603
539
484
437
400
370
344
321
232
183
154
135
109
91
477
667
760
454
650
043
222
7
CTA
12-7
5X
123
104
904
809
725
655
600
555
515
482
348
275
231
202
164
137
116
102
90
581
975
064
934
1
CTA
12-8
0X
131
110
960
863
774
698
640
592
550
514
371
293
246
215
174
146
124
108
97
087
480
069
236
3
CTA
12-8
5X
139
117
102
917
822
742
680
629
584
546
394
311
262
229
185
155
132
115
103
92
885
073
538
6
CTA
12-1
00X
164
138
120
108
967
873
800
740
687
643
464
366
308
269
218
183
155
136
121
109
100
86
545
4
CTA
12-1
25X
173
151
135
121
109
100
925
859
803
580
458
385
336
273
229
194
169
151
137
125
108
56
8
CTA
12-1
40X
200
168
143
130
116
109
100
931
885
835
601
479
413
360
290
245
209
187
169
155
140
121
65
4
CTA
12-1
55X
173
151
138
127
119
114
107
102
770
615
522
460
360
300
251
216
192
172
155
137
72
3
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Pe
rfo
rma
nce
Da
ta W
att
s p
er
cell
Co
nsta
nt
Po
we
r D
isch
arg
e p
erf
orm
an
ce
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
60 v
olts
per
cell
oC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
65 v
olts
per
cell
oC
CTA
12-5
0X
177
148
126
111
993
906
828
767
714
665
470
371
313
275
223
192
163
140
126
113
102
87
545
0
CTA
12-7
5X
266
222
189
167
149
136
124
115
107
998
705
556
470
413
335
287
244
210
188
169
153
131
67
4
CTA
12-8
0X
284
237
202
178
159
145
132
123
114
106
752
593
501
440
35
7306
261
224
201
180
163
140
71
9
CTA
12-8
5X
302
252
214
189
169
154
141
130
121
113
799
630
533
468
37
9326
277
238
213
191
173
149
76
4
CTA
12-1
00X
355
296
252
223
199
181
166
154
143
133
940
741
627
550
446
383
326
280
251
225
204
175
89
9
CTA
12-1
25X
356
302
267
238
217
199
184
179
166
117
927
783
688
55
8479
407
350
314
281
255
219
112
CTA
12-1
40X
470
390
328
292
257
237
216
200
186
175
126
100
860
750
602
510
435
388
350
322
290
251
138
CTA
12-1
55X
358
320
290
266
249
235
224
212
155
125
107
951
744
620
522
452
410
368
334
289
149
CTA
12-5
0X
168
141
122
108
962
875
792
740
690
644
458
360
307
271
22
0188
160
138
124
112
101
87
044
8
CTA
12-7
5X
252
212
183
161
144
131
119
111
104
966
687
539
460
407
33
0283
239
206
186
167
152
131
67
1
CTA
12-8
0X
269
226
195
172
154
140
127
118
110
103
733
575
490
434
35
2301
255
220
198
178
162
139
71
6
CTA
12-8
5X
285
240
207
183
163
149
135
126
117
110
779
611
521
461
374
320
271
234
211
190
172
148
76
1
CTA
12-1
00X
336
282
244
215
192
175
158
148
138
129
916
719
613
542
44
0377
319
275
248
223
202
174
89
5
CTA
12-1
25X
338
293
258
231
210
190
177
173
161
115
899
766
678
550
471
399
344
310
279
253
218
112
CTA
12-1
40X
444
369
312
279
247
228
209
194
181
171
123
979
843
736
59
3503
429
384
346
319
288
249
137
CTA
12-1
55X
346
308
282
259
244
230
219
209
153
123
106
944
738
615
517
448
406
365
331
286
148
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
The following examples are designed to illustrate the
method of determining which VISION CTA Front Terminal
unit will support your required duty load
Constant current discharge
EXAMPLE A To demonstrate constant current calculation and
also the effect of temperature
A nominal 50V telecommunications system using a 24 cell
battery and requiring 185 amps constant current will operate
satisfactorily at a minimum battery terminal volts level of 42
volts
Calculate the battery type required for 5 hours standby
duration on the basis of
(a) 20 operating temperature
(b) 0 operating temperature
METHOD
Minimum allowable volts per cell
42 volts
= 175Vpc24 cells
Hence cell performance requirement is 185 amps
Constant current to 175Vpc
By reference to constant current performance table
relating to 175 volts per cell level (see page 5)
(a) at 20
CTA12-100X unit size is smallest available size to use
(188 amps available)
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-100X
(b) at 0
By reference to the table on page 10 of this
product guide available current output at 0 C is
reduced by factor 083
The refore at 0 - 5 hours output is reduced to
on CTA12-100X size 188 amps x 083 = 158 amps
Hence CTA12-100X unit size too small
Try the next largest unit size - CTA12-125X At 0 available
current output is 234 amps x 083 =194 amps
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-125X
oCoC
oC
oC
o
oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
Constant power discharge
EXAMPLE B To demonstrate constant power
calculation
An inverter system requires a DC constant power input of
58 kW in the voltage range 451 volts maximum 317 volts
minimum
Calculate the optimum battery size required for
operation for a 4 hour standby period
METHOD
Number of cells
= 451228Vpc = 198 cells
Minimum volt per cell
317198 = 16Vpc
Watts per cell
= 5800 watts 198 cells = 293watts per cell
Hence cell performance requirement is 293 watts to
16Vpc at 20
By reference to the constant power performance table
(see page 6) relating to 16 volts per cell level
CTA12-75X monobloc is the correct available size to use
20oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Selection of battery size
87
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
CTA
12-5
0X
159
133
115
103
923
847
771
718
673
635
451
354
302
267
21
7184
157
136
124
111
101
86
944
5
CTA
12-7
5X
238
200
173
154
138
127
116
108
101
953
677
531
453
401
32
5276
236
204
185
166
151
130
66
8
CTA
12-8
0X
254
213
185
164
148
136
123
115
108
102
722
566
483
427
34
6295
251
218
198
177
161
139
71
2
CTA
12-8
5X
270
226
196
174
157
144
131
122
114
108
767
602
513
454
36
8313
267
231
210
188
171
148
75
7
CTA
12-1
00X
318
266
231
205
184
169
154
144
135
127
902
708
604
534
433
368
314
272
247
221
201
174
89
0
CTA
12-1
25X
319
277
246
221
203
185
172
168
159
113
885
755
668
54
1460
393
340
309
276
251
217
111
CTA
12-1
40X
418
349
296
266
236
220
201
188
177
167
120
958
825
722
584
495
423
379
343
316
285
247
136
CTA
12-1
55X
337
301
273
252
238
225
215
204
151
121
105
937
733
610
513
444
404
362
329
284
147
CTA
12-5
0X
149
126
111
990
885
811
757
698
661
618
442
349
297
263
214
182
155
134
123
110
100
86
544
3
CTA
12-7
5X
223
189
166
148
133
122
114
105
990
927
662
523
446
395
320
274
233
201
184
165
150
130
66
5
CTA
12-8
0X
238
201
177
158
142
130
121
112
106
990
706
558
475
421
342
292
248
214
196
176
160
138
70
9
CTA
12-8
5X
253
214
189
168
150
138
129
119
112
105
751
592
505
447
36
3310
264
228
208
187
170
147
75
3
CTA
12-1
00X
298
252
222
198
177
162
151
140
132
124
883
697
594
526
42
7365
310
268
245
220
200
173
88
6
CTA
12-1
25X
302
266
237
212
195
182
168
165
154
110
871
743
658
534
456
388
335
306
275
250
216
111
CTA
12-1
40X
391
328
279
253
226
211
194
181
172
162
117
936
808
708
57
4488
416
375
339
312
283
245
135
CTA
12-1
55X
326
293
267
248
232
221
211
200
149
120
104
925
72
7605
509
441
400
359
326
282
146
CTA
12-5
0X
137
118
104
940
853
783
733
684
641
601
432
343
293
259
21
1179
153
133
121
109
98
485
044
1
CTA
12-7
5X
206
177
155
141
128
118
110
103
962
902
649
515
439
388
31
6269
230
199
181
163
148
128
66
1
CTA
12-8
0X
220
189
166
151
136
125
117
109
103
960
692
549
468
414
337
287
245
212
193
174
157
136
70
5
CTA
12-8
5X
234
201
176
160
145
133
125
116
109
102
735
583
497
439
358
305
260
225
205
185
167
145
74
9
CTA
12-1
00X
275
237
207
188
171
157
147
137
128
120
865
686
585
517
421
359
306
265
241
218
197
170
88
1
CTA
12-1
25X
284
248
226
205
188
176
164
160
150
108
858
731
646
52
6449
383
331
301
272
246
213
110
CTA
12-1
40X
365
307
263
240
215
202
186
175
167
158
114
915
790
694
56
5480
410
370
335
309
280
243
134
CTA
12-1
55X
313
282
261
242
229
217
206
196
147
118
103
910
72
1600
505
437
397
356
324
280
145
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
9 10
Operating Characteristics
The Front Terminal units should be charged
using constant potential chargers
VISION CTA
Float voltage
At normal room temperature (20 ) the recommended float
voltage is equal to 225 volts per cell
To optimise battery performance it is recommended that the
float voltage is adjusted for room ambient temperatures in
accordance with the following table
oC
Temperature Float voltage range per cell
0 231-236V
10 228-233V
20 225-230V
25 223-228V
30 222-227V
35 220-225V
40 219-224V
Under these conditions a recharge will be completed in
approximately 72 hours
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
Charging current
A discharged VRLA battery will accept a high recharge
current but for those seeking a more economical charging
system a current limit of 03 C10 (A) is adequate
Note For a completely discharged battery 80 of the capacity is
replaced in approximately
10 hours at 01 C10
6 hours at 03 C10
5 hours no current limit applied
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 144~147volts per battery can
reduce recharge time and it is possible depending on the
depth of discharge to halve the recharge time Under these
conditions however the charge must be monitored and
must be terminated when the charge current remains
reasonably steady for 3 consecutive hours after the voltage
limit has been reached At the beginning of charge the
current must be limited to 03 C10 (A) This charge regime
in order to achieve a normal service life must not be
used more than once per month
The effect of temperature on capacity
Correction factors for capacity at different temperatures are
shown in the following table the reference temperature
being 20
oC
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
050 056 063 070 077 084 092 100 108 116 124 131
062 067 073 078 084 089 095 100 105 110 115 120
073 077 081 085 089 093 096 100 103 106 109 111
o o o o o o o o o o o oC C C C C C C C C C C C
Battery temperature
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Technology
Principle of the oxygen reduction cycle
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
2
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
Valve
O
Electrolyte in absorptive glass mat
VISION CTA
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
2H
Liquid electrolyte
Convention Cell
2O
Principle of VRLA batteries
During charging of conventional lead acid battery
electrolysis of water occurs at the final stage then(so)
hydrogen generates from the negative plates and
oxygen from the positive plates This causes water
loss and periodic watering is needed
However evolution of oxygen and hydrogen gases
does not occur simultaneously because the recharge
of the positive plates is not as efficient as the
negative ones This means that oxygen is evolved
from the positive plate before hydrogen is evolved
from the negative plate
At the same time that oxygen is evolved from the
positive plate a substantial amount of highly active
spongy lead exists on the negative plate before it
commences hydrogen evolution Therefore
providing oxygen can be transported to the negative
plates conditions are ideal for a rapid reaction
between lead and oxygen ie oxygen is
electrochemically reduced on the negative plate
according to the following formula
and the final product is water
The current flowing through the negative plate
drives this reaction instead of hydrogen evolution
which occur in a conventional battery
This process is called gas recombination If this
process is 100 efficient no water would be lost
from the battery By careful design and selection of
battery components gas recombination efficiency is
between 95 to 99
- + 12e + 2H + 2O2rarrH2O
Conventional Cell
Oxygen and hydrogen escape to the atmosphere
VISION CTA
Oxygen from the positive plate transfers to the
negative and recombines with lead to form water
Recombination efficiency
Recombination efficiency is determined under specific
conditions by measuring the volume of
hydrogen emitted from the battery and converting this
into its ampere hour equivalent This equivalent value is
then subtracted from the total ampere hours taken by
the battery during the test period and the remainder is
the batterys recombination efficiency and is usually
expressed as a percentage
As recombination is never 100 some hydrogen gas is
emitted from batteries through the safety valve The
volume of gas emitted is very small and typical average
values on constant potential float at 20 are as followsoC
VISION CTA hydrogen emissions
Float Voltage Volume of gas emitted
(V) (ml per cell per C10 Ah per month)
135~138 38
144~147 25
Operating Instructions and Guidelines Installation and Commissioning Charge wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Accidental deep discharge
eg Discharge at a lower current for a longer time than
the original system specification
Failure of the charging system
Battery not recharged immediately after a discharge
When a battery is completely discharged
The utilisation of the sulphuric acid in the electrolyte is
total and the electrolyte now consists only of water
During recharge this condition may produce metallic
dendrites which can penetrate the separator and cause
a short circuit in a cell
The sulphation of the plate is at its maximum and the
internal resistance of the cell is also at its maximum
The battery should be recharged under a constant potential
of 228 volts per cell with the current limited to a maximum
of 03 C10(A) in order to prevent excessive internal heating
For instance for a CTA12-155X the maximum charge current
is 465 amps If the sulphation of the cellbattery is extensive
then the recharge of the battery may require more than 96
hours
Note Deep discharging will produce a premature deterioration of the
battery and a noticeable reduction in the life expectancy of the
battery
For optimum operation the minimum voltage of the system
should be related to the duty as follows
t lt1h 165V
1 h ltt lt5h 170V
5 h ltt lt8h 175V
8 h ltt lt20h 180V
In order to protect the battery it is advisable to have system
monitoring and low voltage cut-out
Float charge ripple
Excessive ripple on the DC supply across a battery has the
effect of reducing life and performance
It is recommended therefore that voltage regulation across
the system including the load but without the battery
connected under steady state conditions shall be better
than 1 between 5 and 100 load
(I)
(II)
(III)
(I)
(II)
Duty Minimum end voltage
Transient and other ripple type excursions can be
accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
but the load connected the system peak to peak voltage
including the regulation limits falls within 25 of the
recommended float voltage of the battery
Under no circumstances should the current flowing through
the battery when it is operating under float conditions
reverse into the discharge mode
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)
products are covered by the EMC statement in
prEN 502261995 which reads as follows
Rechargeable cells or batteries are not sensitive to normal
electromagnetic disturbances and therefore no immunity
tests shall be required Free-standing rechargeable cells or
batteries electrically isolated from any associated electrical
system are for all practical purposes electromagnetically
inert and therefore the requirements for electromagnetic
compatibility shall be deemed to be satisfied
Note It should be noted that rechargeable cells or batteries are part
of an electrical system and the manner in which they are used could
invoke the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility upon
that system In such cases the requirements of electromagnetic
compatibility shall be accommodated by the design of the system
Maintenance
Every month check that the total voltage at the battery
terminals is (N x 225V) for a temperature of 20
N = the number of cells in the battery and
225V = 20 float voltage
Once a year take a reading of the individual bloc voltages
in the battery A variation of 25 on individual voltages
from the average voltage is acceptable
The system must be checked once or twice a year
Principal factors affecting the life of recombination
batteries
Deep discharge
Poor control of the float voltage
Cycling or micro-cycling
Poor quality of charging current (excessive ripple)
High ambient temperature
VISION CTA
oC
oC
11
Warning
Front Terminal units are already charged when
delivered
They should be unpacked with care Avoid short circuiting
terminals of opposite polarity as these units are capable of
discharging at a very high current especially if the lid or the
container is damaged
Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided before
switching on noting open circuit voltage
There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking
It is advisable to unpack all the monoblocs and accessories
before commencing to erect and not to unpack and erect
monobloc by monobloc
All items should be carefully checked against the
accompanying advice notes to ascertain if any are missing
Advise the Sales Department of any discrepancies
A rigid plastic insulating cover is provided which totally
protects the unit terminals This is factory fitted to all
products of the range and there is no need to remove it
until access to the terminals is required
Setting up the battery stands
The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
To level the stand use the adjustable insulating feet
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery
Is suitably insulated
Is naturally ventilated
Connecting the monoblocs
Torque setting
Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label
VISION CTA Always use insulated tools for fitting and torquring up
battery connections
In series
The number of cells in series (N) will not affect the
selected float voltage per cell
Therefore charging float voltage = N x Cell float Voltage
No special circuit arrangements are required
In parallel
Using constant voltage chargers and ensuring that the
connections made between the charger and the batteries
have the same electrical resistance no special
arrangements have to be made for batteries in parallel
Although no special circuit arrangements are required
where the parallel connection is made at the charger or
distribution board to avoid out of step conditions
the bus bar run length and the area of cross section
should be designed so that the circuit resistance value
for each string is equal within limits 5
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid static
generation
Use only a clean soft damp cloth for cleaning the
monoblocs Do not use chemicals or detergents
Use insulated tools
Commence installation at the least accessible point
Consult the drawing for the correct position of the
monobloc poles
Commissioning charge
Ensure that the batteries will be operated in a clean
environment
Before use the batteries should be charged at a constant
float voltage adjusted according to the ambient temperature
eg 135~138Vbattery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours or
alternatively a voltage of 144~147Vbattery at 20 can be
used to reduce the commissioning period from 24 to 15 hours
Where the batteries have been stored under harsh
conditions this increased voltage recharge is particularly
effective
oCoC
12
13
The VISION Front Terminal batterys compact
design and standard footprint suitable for 19rdquo
23rdquo and ETSI racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density
With all electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler and
quicker
Recharge of stored batteries
A refreshing charge shall be performed after this time at
135-138V battery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours
A current limit is not essential but for optimum charge
efficiency the current output of the charger can be limited
to 20 of the 10-hour rated capacity
The necessity of a refreshing charge can also be determined
by measuring the open circuit voltage of a stored battery
Refreshing charge is advised if the voltage drops below
210 volts per cell
Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly
reduced capacity and service life
oC
Storage conditions
Store the battery in a dry clean and preferably cool location
Storage time
As the batteries are supplied charged storage time is limited
In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged
storage it is advisable not to store batteries for more than
6 months at 20
3 months at 30
6 weeks at 40
Battery state of charge
The battery state of charge can be determined by measuring
the open-circuit voltage of cells in rest position for 24 hours
at 20
100 214Vpc
80 210Vpc
60 207Vpc
40 204Vpc
20 200Vpc
Open circuit voltage variation with temperature is 25mV
per 10
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
State of charge Voltage
Battery AccommodationBattery Storagewwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
14
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
3 4
CTA12-50X CTA12-80XCTA12-75X
CTA12-85X CTA12-100X CTA12-155XCTA12-125X
CTA12-50X 12 50 279 110 105 413 280 110 280 110 M8 200 441
CTA12-75X 12 75 563 222 115 453 188 740 188 740 M8 285 628
CTA12-80X 12 80 508 200 110 433 231 909 231 909 M8 310 684
CTA12-85X 12 85 393 155 125 492 256 101 256 101 M8 320 706
CTA12-100X 12 100 558 220 125 492 228 898 228 898 M8 420 9265
CTA12-125X 12 125 548 221 105 413 316 124 316 124 M8 495 109
CTA12-140X 12 140 428 168 177 697 253 996 253 996 M8 486 107
CTA12-155X 12 155 546 215 125 492 315 124 315 124 M8 616 13588
TYPE NominalVoltage(V)
Capacity Terminal Wt(lbs)
oto 18Vpc10hr20 C L(mm) L(inch) W(mm) H(mm) W(inch) H(inch) TH(mm) TH(inch) Wt(Kg)
Range Summary
Position of terminals
Pe
rfo
rma
nce
Da
taA
mp
ere
s
Co
nsta
nt
Cu
rre
nt
Dis
ch
arg
e p
erf
orm
an
ce
oC
onst
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
C to
16
5 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e
C
o( A
mpere
s )
at
20
to 1
60 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
CTA
12-5
0X
104
857
729
632
561
506
456
420
386
358
252
200
168
147
119
100
84
673
364
858
253
045
723
8
CTA
12-7
5X
155
129
109
949
842
759
684
630
580
536
378
299
251
220
178
151
127
110
97
387
479
468
635
7
CTA
12-8
0X
166
137
117
101
898
809
730
672
618
572
403
319
268
234
190
161
135
117
104
93
284
773
138
1
CTA
12-8
5X
176
146
124
108
954
860
775
714
657
608
428
339
285
249
201
171
144
125
110
99
090
077
740
5
CTA
12-1
00X
207
171
146
126
112
101
912
840
773
715
504
399
335
293
237
201
169
147
130
117
106
91
447
6
CTA
12-1
25X
214
182
158
140
126
114
105
966
894
630
499
419
366
296
251
212
183
162
146
132
114
59
5
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
213
186
164
147
138
130
122
116
840
646
543
475
372
310
259
223
198
177
160
141
74
7
260
215
180
160
140
129
117
108
100
935
670
530
455
395
315
265
225
200
180
165
148
128
68
5
CTA
12-5
0X
960
809
689
607
533
482
434
398
372
350
247
195
164
144
116
98
483
072
063
857
452
245
323
6
CTA
12-7
5X
144
121
103
910
800
723
652
597
558
525
371
293
246
215
174
148
125
108
95
786
078
467
935
4
CTA
12-8
0X
153
129
110
971
853
771
695
637
595
560
395
312
262
230
186
157
133
115
102
91
883
672
437
8
CTA
12-8
5X
163
138
117
103
907
819
739
677
632
595
420
332
279
244
197
167
141
122
108
97
588
876
940
1
CTA
12-1
00X
192
162
138
121
107
964
869
796
744
700
494
390
328
287
232
197
166
144
128
115
105
90
547
2
CTA
12-1
25X
202
172
152
133
120
109
995
930
875
618
488
410
359
290
246
208
180
159
143
131
113
59
0
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
204
177
156
143
133
126
120
114
822
638
538
471
369
307
257
221
196
175
158
140
73
7
245
203
171
153
134
124
113
104
971
910
653
517
445
386
309
260
221
197
177
163
146
126
67
7
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
65
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
oC
onst
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
C to
17
0 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
CTA
12-5
0X
908
769
658
580
515
463
420
391
365
343
242
191
161
140
113
96
281
370
662
756
551
544
723
4
CTA
12-7
5X
136
115
986
870
773
695
630
586
547
515
362
287
241
210
170
144
122
106
94
084
777
367
035
0
CTA
12-8
0X
145
123
105
928
824
741
672
625
583
549
386
306
257
224
181
154
130
113
100
90
382
471
537
4
CTA
12-8
5X
154
131
112
986
876
788
714
664
620
583
411
325
273
238
192
163
138
120
107
96
087
675
939
7
CTA
12-1
00X
182
154
132
116
103
927
840
782
729
686
483
382
321
280
226
192
163
141
125
113
103
89
346
7
CTA
12-1
25X
192
164
145
129
116
105
977
911
858
604
478
401
350
28
3240
203
177
157
141
129
112
58
4
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
194
170
151
139
129
121
116
111
803
630
532
467
365
304
254
219
195
174
157
139
73
3
230
192
162
145
128
119
109
101
943
885
636
505
434
378
30
2255
217
194
175
160
144
125
67
0
CTA
12-5
0X
855
725
624
557
496
447
410
379
352
330
237
187
157
137
111
93
779
569
361
755
751
044
123
2
CTA
12-7
5X
128
109
936
836
744
671
615
569
529
496
355
281
236
206
167
141
119
104
92
583
676
566
134
7
CTA
12-8
0X
137
116
100
891
794
715
656
607
564
529
378
299
251
219
178
150
127
111
99
089
281
670
537
0
CTA
12-8
5X
145
123
106
947
843
760
697
645
599
562
402
318
267
233
189
159
135
118
105
94
886
774
939
4
CTA
12-1
00X
171
145
125
111
992
894
820
759
705
661
473
374
314
274
222
188
159
139
123
112
102
88
146
3
CTA
12-1
25X
181
156
139
124
112
103
948
881
826
591
468
393
343
278
234
199
173
154
139
128
110
57
9
CTA
12-1
40X
215
180
152
138
122
114
104
968
914
860
618
492
424
369
296
250
213
190
172
158
142
123
66
2
CTA
12-1
55X
185
164
144
135
125
118
112
107
789
622
527
463
362
302
253
218
193
173
156
138
72
8
CTA
12-5
0X
820
690
603
539
484
437
400
370
344
321
232
183
154
135
109
91
477
667
760
454
650
043
222
7
CTA
12-7
5X
123
104
904
809
725
655
600
555
515
482
348
275
231
202
164
137
116
102
90
581
975
064
934
1
CTA
12-8
0X
131
110
960
863
774
698
640
592
550
514
371
293
246
215
174
146
124
108
97
087
480
069
236
3
CTA
12-8
5X
139
117
102
917
822
742
680
629
584
546
394
311
262
229
185
155
132
115
103
92
885
073
538
6
CTA
12-1
00X
164
138
120
108
967
873
800
740
687
643
464
366
308
269
218
183
155
136
121
109
100
86
545
4
CTA
12-1
25X
173
151
135
121
109
100
925
859
803
580
458
385
336
273
229
194
169
151
137
125
108
56
8
CTA
12-1
40X
200
168
143
130
116
109
100
931
885
835
601
479
413
360
290
245
209
187
169
155
140
121
65
4
CTA
12-1
55X
173
151
138
127
119
114
107
102
770
615
522
460
360
300
251
216
192
172
155
137
72
3
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Pe
rfo
rma
nce
Da
ta W
att
s p
er
cell
Co
nsta
nt
Po
we
r D
isch
arg
e p
erf
orm
an
ce
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
60 v
olts
per
cell
oC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
65 v
olts
per
cell
oC
CTA
12-5
0X
177
148
126
111
993
906
828
767
714
665
470
371
313
275
223
192
163
140
126
113
102
87
545
0
CTA
12-7
5X
266
222
189
167
149
136
124
115
107
998
705
556
470
413
335
287
244
210
188
169
153
131
67
4
CTA
12-8
0X
284
237
202
178
159
145
132
123
114
106
752
593
501
440
35
7306
261
224
201
180
163
140
71
9
CTA
12-8
5X
302
252
214
189
169
154
141
130
121
113
799
630
533
468
37
9326
277
238
213
191
173
149
76
4
CTA
12-1
00X
355
296
252
223
199
181
166
154
143
133
940
741
627
550
446
383
326
280
251
225
204
175
89
9
CTA
12-1
25X
356
302
267
238
217
199
184
179
166
117
927
783
688
55
8479
407
350
314
281
255
219
112
CTA
12-1
40X
470
390
328
292
257
237
216
200
186
175
126
100
860
750
602
510
435
388
350
322
290
251
138
CTA
12-1
55X
358
320
290
266
249
235
224
212
155
125
107
951
744
620
522
452
410
368
334
289
149
CTA
12-5
0X
168
141
122
108
962
875
792
740
690
644
458
360
307
271
22
0188
160
138
124
112
101
87
044
8
CTA
12-7
5X
252
212
183
161
144
131
119
111
104
966
687
539
460
407
33
0283
239
206
186
167
152
131
67
1
CTA
12-8
0X
269
226
195
172
154
140
127
118
110
103
733
575
490
434
35
2301
255
220
198
178
162
139
71
6
CTA
12-8
5X
285
240
207
183
163
149
135
126
117
110
779
611
521
461
374
320
271
234
211
190
172
148
76
1
CTA
12-1
00X
336
282
244
215
192
175
158
148
138
129
916
719
613
542
44
0377
319
275
248
223
202
174
89
5
CTA
12-1
25X
338
293
258
231
210
190
177
173
161
115
899
766
678
550
471
399
344
310
279
253
218
112
CTA
12-1
40X
444
369
312
279
247
228
209
194
181
171
123
979
843
736
59
3503
429
384
346
319
288
249
137
CTA
12-1
55X
346
308
282
259
244
230
219
209
153
123
106
944
738
615
517
448
406
365
331
286
148
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
The following examples are designed to illustrate the
method of determining which VISION CTA Front Terminal
unit will support your required duty load
Constant current discharge
EXAMPLE A To demonstrate constant current calculation and
also the effect of temperature
A nominal 50V telecommunications system using a 24 cell
battery and requiring 185 amps constant current will operate
satisfactorily at a minimum battery terminal volts level of 42
volts
Calculate the battery type required for 5 hours standby
duration on the basis of
(a) 20 operating temperature
(b) 0 operating temperature
METHOD
Minimum allowable volts per cell
42 volts
= 175Vpc24 cells
Hence cell performance requirement is 185 amps
Constant current to 175Vpc
By reference to constant current performance table
relating to 175 volts per cell level (see page 5)
(a) at 20
CTA12-100X unit size is smallest available size to use
(188 amps available)
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-100X
(b) at 0
By reference to the table on page 10 of this
product guide available current output at 0 C is
reduced by factor 083
The refore at 0 - 5 hours output is reduced to
on CTA12-100X size 188 amps x 083 = 158 amps
Hence CTA12-100X unit size too small
Try the next largest unit size - CTA12-125X At 0 available
current output is 234 amps x 083 =194 amps
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-125X
oCoC
oC
oC
o
oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
Constant power discharge
EXAMPLE B To demonstrate constant power
calculation
An inverter system requires a DC constant power input of
58 kW in the voltage range 451 volts maximum 317 volts
minimum
Calculate the optimum battery size required for
operation for a 4 hour standby period
METHOD
Number of cells
= 451228Vpc = 198 cells
Minimum volt per cell
317198 = 16Vpc
Watts per cell
= 5800 watts 198 cells = 293watts per cell
Hence cell performance requirement is 293 watts to
16Vpc at 20
By reference to the constant power performance table
(see page 6) relating to 16 volts per cell level
CTA12-75X monobloc is the correct available size to use
20oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Selection of battery size
87
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
CTA
12-5
0X
159
133
115
103
923
847
771
718
673
635
451
354
302
267
21
7184
157
136
124
111
101
86
944
5
CTA
12-7
5X
238
200
173
154
138
127
116
108
101
953
677
531
453
401
32
5276
236
204
185
166
151
130
66
8
CTA
12-8
0X
254
213
185
164
148
136
123
115
108
102
722
566
483
427
34
6295
251
218
198
177
161
139
71
2
CTA
12-8
5X
270
226
196
174
157
144
131
122
114
108
767
602
513
454
36
8313
267
231
210
188
171
148
75
7
CTA
12-1
00X
318
266
231
205
184
169
154
144
135
127
902
708
604
534
433
368
314
272
247
221
201
174
89
0
CTA
12-1
25X
319
277
246
221
203
185
172
168
159
113
885
755
668
54
1460
393
340
309
276
251
217
111
CTA
12-1
40X
418
349
296
266
236
220
201
188
177
167
120
958
825
722
584
495
423
379
343
316
285
247
136
CTA
12-1
55X
337
301
273
252
238
225
215
204
151
121
105
937
733
610
513
444
404
362
329
284
147
CTA
12-5
0X
149
126
111
990
885
811
757
698
661
618
442
349
297
263
214
182
155
134
123
110
100
86
544
3
CTA
12-7
5X
223
189
166
148
133
122
114
105
990
927
662
523
446
395
320
274
233
201
184
165
150
130
66
5
CTA
12-8
0X
238
201
177
158
142
130
121
112
106
990
706
558
475
421
342
292
248
214
196
176
160
138
70
9
CTA
12-8
5X
253
214
189
168
150
138
129
119
112
105
751
592
505
447
36
3310
264
228
208
187
170
147
75
3
CTA
12-1
00X
298
252
222
198
177
162
151
140
132
124
883
697
594
526
42
7365
310
268
245
220
200
173
88
6
CTA
12-1
25X
302
266
237
212
195
182
168
165
154
110
871
743
658
534
456
388
335
306
275
250
216
111
CTA
12-1
40X
391
328
279
253
226
211
194
181
172
162
117
936
808
708
57
4488
416
375
339
312
283
245
135
CTA
12-1
55X
326
293
267
248
232
221
211
200
149
120
104
925
72
7605
509
441
400
359
326
282
146
CTA
12-5
0X
137
118
104
940
853
783
733
684
641
601
432
343
293
259
21
1179
153
133
121
109
98
485
044
1
CTA
12-7
5X
206
177
155
141
128
118
110
103
962
902
649
515
439
388
31
6269
230
199
181
163
148
128
66
1
CTA
12-8
0X
220
189
166
151
136
125
117
109
103
960
692
549
468
414
337
287
245
212
193
174
157
136
70
5
CTA
12-8
5X
234
201
176
160
145
133
125
116
109
102
735
583
497
439
358
305
260
225
205
185
167
145
74
9
CTA
12-1
00X
275
237
207
188
171
157
147
137
128
120
865
686
585
517
421
359
306
265
241
218
197
170
88
1
CTA
12-1
25X
284
248
226
205
188
176
164
160
150
108
858
731
646
52
6449
383
331
301
272
246
213
110
CTA
12-1
40X
365
307
263
240
215
202
186
175
167
158
114
915
790
694
56
5480
410
370
335
309
280
243
134
CTA
12-1
55X
313
282
261
242
229
217
206
196
147
118
103
910
72
1600
505
437
397
356
324
280
145
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
9 10
Operating Characteristics
The Front Terminal units should be charged
using constant potential chargers
VISION CTA
Float voltage
At normal room temperature (20 ) the recommended float
voltage is equal to 225 volts per cell
To optimise battery performance it is recommended that the
float voltage is adjusted for room ambient temperatures in
accordance with the following table
oC
Temperature Float voltage range per cell
0 231-236V
10 228-233V
20 225-230V
25 223-228V
30 222-227V
35 220-225V
40 219-224V
Under these conditions a recharge will be completed in
approximately 72 hours
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
Charging current
A discharged VRLA battery will accept a high recharge
current but for those seeking a more economical charging
system a current limit of 03 C10 (A) is adequate
Note For a completely discharged battery 80 of the capacity is
replaced in approximately
10 hours at 01 C10
6 hours at 03 C10
5 hours no current limit applied
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 144~147volts per battery can
reduce recharge time and it is possible depending on the
depth of discharge to halve the recharge time Under these
conditions however the charge must be monitored and
must be terminated when the charge current remains
reasonably steady for 3 consecutive hours after the voltage
limit has been reached At the beginning of charge the
current must be limited to 03 C10 (A) This charge regime
in order to achieve a normal service life must not be
used more than once per month
The effect of temperature on capacity
Correction factors for capacity at different temperatures are
shown in the following table the reference temperature
being 20
oC
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
050 056 063 070 077 084 092 100 108 116 124 131
062 067 073 078 084 089 095 100 105 110 115 120
073 077 081 085 089 093 096 100 103 106 109 111
o o o o o o o o o o o oC C C C C C C C C C C C
Battery temperature
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Technology
Principle of the oxygen reduction cycle
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
2
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
Valve
O
Electrolyte in absorptive glass mat
VISION CTA
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
2H
Liquid electrolyte
Convention Cell
2O
Principle of VRLA batteries
During charging of conventional lead acid battery
electrolysis of water occurs at the final stage then(so)
hydrogen generates from the negative plates and
oxygen from the positive plates This causes water
loss and periodic watering is needed
However evolution of oxygen and hydrogen gases
does not occur simultaneously because the recharge
of the positive plates is not as efficient as the
negative ones This means that oxygen is evolved
from the positive plate before hydrogen is evolved
from the negative plate
At the same time that oxygen is evolved from the
positive plate a substantial amount of highly active
spongy lead exists on the negative plate before it
commences hydrogen evolution Therefore
providing oxygen can be transported to the negative
plates conditions are ideal for a rapid reaction
between lead and oxygen ie oxygen is
electrochemically reduced on the negative plate
according to the following formula
and the final product is water
The current flowing through the negative plate
drives this reaction instead of hydrogen evolution
which occur in a conventional battery
This process is called gas recombination If this
process is 100 efficient no water would be lost
from the battery By careful design and selection of
battery components gas recombination efficiency is
between 95 to 99
- + 12e + 2H + 2O2rarrH2O
Conventional Cell
Oxygen and hydrogen escape to the atmosphere
VISION CTA
Oxygen from the positive plate transfers to the
negative and recombines with lead to form water
Recombination efficiency
Recombination efficiency is determined under specific
conditions by measuring the volume of
hydrogen emitted from the battery and converting this
into its ampere hour equivalent This equivalent value is
then subtracted from the total ampere hours taken by
the battery during the test period and the remainder is
the batterys recombination efficiency and is usually
expressed as a percentage
As recombination is never 100 some hydrogen gas is
emitted from batteries through the safety valve The
volume of gas emitted is very small and typical average
values on constant potential float at 20 are as followsoC
VISION CTA hydrogen emissions
Float Voltage Volume of gas emitted
(V) (ml per cell per C10 Ah per month)
135~138 38
144~147 25
Operating Instructions and Guidelines Installation and Commissioning Charge wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Accidental deep discharge
eg Discharge at a lower current for a longer time than
the original system specification
Failure of the charging system
Battery not recharged immediately after a discharge
When a battery is completely discharged
The utilisation of the sulphuric acid in the electrolyte is
total and the electrolyte now consists only of water
During recharge this condition may produce metallic
dendrites which can penetrate the separator and cause
a short circuit in a cell
The sulphation of the plate is at its maximum and the
internal resistance of the cell is also at its maximum
The battery should be recharged under a constant potential
of 228 volts per cell with the current limited to a maximum
of 03 C10(A) in order to prevent excessive internal heating
For instance for a CTA12-155X the maximum charge current
is 465 amps If the sulphation of the cellbattery is extensive
then the recharge of the battery may require more than 96
hours
Note Deep discharging will produce a premature deterioration of the
battery and a noticeable reduction in the life expectancy of the
battery
For optimum operation the minimum voltage of the system
should be related to the duty as follows
t lt1h 165V
1 h ltt lt5h 170V
5 h ltt lt8h 175V
8 h ltt lt20h 180V
In order to protect the battery it is advisable to have system
monitoring and low voltage cut-out
Float charge ripple
Excessive ripple on the DC supply across a battery has the
effect of reducing life and performance
It is recommended therefore that voltage regulation across
the system including the load but without the battery
connected under steady state conditions shall be better
than 1 between 5 and 100 load
(I)
(II)
(III)
(I)
(II)
Duty Minimum end voltage
Transient and other ripple type excursions can be
accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
but the load connected the system peak to peak voltage
including the regulation limits falls within 25 of the
recommended float voltage of the battery
Under no circumstances should the current flowing through
the battery when it is operating under float conditions
reverse into the discharge mode
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)
products are covered by the EMC statement in
prEN 502261995 which reads as follows
Rechargeable cells or batteries are not sensitive to normal
electromagnetic disturbances and therefore no immunity
tests shall be required Free-standing rechargeable cells or
batteries electrically isolated from any associated electrical
system are for all practical purposes electromagnetically
inert and therefore the requirements for electromagnetic
compatibility shall be deemed to be satisfied
Note It should be noted that rechargeable cells or batteries are part
of an electrical system and the manner in which they are used could
invoke the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility upon
that system In such cases the requirements of electromagnetic
compatibility shall be accommodated by the design of the system
Maintenance
Every month check that the total voltage at the battery
terminals is (N x 225V) for a temperature of 20
N = the number of cells in the battery and
225V = 20 float voltage
Once a year take a reading of the individual bloc voltages
in the battery A variation of 25 on individual voltages
from the average voltage is acceptable
The system must be checked once or twice a year
Principal factors affecting the life of recombination
batteries
Deep discharge
Poor control of the float voltage
Cycling or micro-cycling
Poor quality of charging current (excessive ripple)
High ambient temperature
VISION CTA
oC
oC
11
Warning
Front Terminal units are already charged when
delivered
They should be unpacked with care Avoid short circuiting
terminals of opposite polarity as these units are capable of
discharging at a very high current especially if the lid or the
container is damaged
Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided before
switching on noting open circuit voltage
There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking
It is advisable to unpack all the monoblocs and accessories
before commencing to erect and not to unpack and erect
monobloc by monobloc
All items should be carefully checked against the
accompanying advice notes to ascertain if any are missing
Advise the Sales Department of any discrepancies
A rigid plastic insulating cover is provided which totally
protects the unit terminals This is factory fitted to all
products of the range and there is no need to remove it
until access to the terminals is required
Setting up the battery stands
The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
To level the stand use the adjustable insulating feet
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery
Is suitably insulated
Is naturally ventilated
Connecting the monoblocs
Torque setting
Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label
VISION CTA Always use insulated tools for fitting and torquring up
battery connections
In series
The number of cells in series (N) will not affect the
selected float voltage per cell
Therefore charging float voltage = N x Cell float Voltage
No special circuit arrangements are required
In parallel
Using constant voltage chargers and ensuring that the
connections made between the charger and the batteries
have the same electrical resistance no special
arrangements have to be made for batteries in parallel
Although no special circuit arrangements are required
where the parallel connection is made at the charger or
distribution board to avoid out of step conditions
the bus bar run length and the area of cross section
should be designed so that the circuit resistance value
for each string is equal within limits 5
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid static
generation
Use only a clean soft damp cloth for cleaning the
monoblocs Do not use chemicals or detergents
Use insulated tools
Commence installation at the least accessible point
Consult the drawing for the correct position of the
monobloc poles
Commissioning charge
Ensure that the batteries will be operated in a clean
environment
Before use the batteries should be charged at a constant
float voltage adjusted according to the ambient temperature
eg 135~138Vbattery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours or
alternatively a voltage of 144~147Vbattery at 20 can be
used to reduce the commissioning period from 24 to 15 hours
Where the batteries have been stored under harsh
conditions this increased voltage recharge is particularly
effective
oCoC
12
13
The VISION Front Terminal batterys compact
design and standard footprint suitable for 19rdquo
23rdquo and ETSI racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density
With all electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler and
quicker
Recharge of stored batteries
A refreshing charge shall be performed after this time at
135-138V battery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours
A current limit is not essential but for optimum charge
efficiency the current output of the charger can be limited
to 20 of the 10-hour rated capacity
The necessity of a refreshing charge can also be determined
by measuring the open circuit voltage of a stored battery
Refreshing charge is advised if the voltage drops below
210 volts per cell
Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly
reduced capacity and service life
oC
Storage conditions
Store the battery in a dry clean and preferably cool location
Storage time
As the batteries are supplied charged storage time is limited
In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged
storage it is advisable not to store batteries for more than
6 months at 20
3 months at 30
6 weeks at 40
Battery state of charge
The battery state of charge can be determined by measuring
the open-circuit voltage of cells in rest position for 24 hours
at 20
100 214Vpc
80 210Vpc
60 207Vpc
40 204Vpc
20 200Vpc
Open circuit voltage variation with temperature is 25mV
per 10
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
State of charge Voltage
Battery AccommodationBattery Storagewwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
14
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
65
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
oC
onst
ant
Curr
ent
Dis
charg
e (
Am
pere
s )
at
20
C to
17
0 v
olts
pe
r ce
ll
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
CTA
12-5
0X
908
769
658
580
515
463
420
391
365
343
242
191
161
140
113
96
281
370
662
756
551
544
723
4
CTA
12-7
5X
136
115
986
870
773
695
630
586
547
515
362
287
241
210
170
144
122
106
94
084
777
367
035
0
CTA
12-8
0X
145
123
105
928
824
741
672
625
583
549
386
306
257
224
181
154
130
113
100
90
382
471
537
4
CTA
12-8
5X
154
131
112
986
876
788
714
664
620
583
411
325
273
238
192
163
138
120
107
96
087
675
939
7
CTA
12-1
00X
182
154
132
116
103
927
840
782
729
686
483
382
321
280
226
192
163
141
125
113
103
89
346
7
CTA
12-1
25X
192
164
145
129
116
105
977
911
858
604
478
401
350
28
3240
203
177
157
141
129
112
58
4
CTA
12-1
40X
CTA
12-1
55X
194
170
151
139
129
121
116
111
803
630
532
467
365
304
254
219
195
174
157
139
73
3
230
192
162
145
128
119
109
101
943
885
636
505
434
378
30
2255
217
194
175
160
144
125
67
0
CTA
12-5
0X
855
725
624
557
496
447
410
379
352
330
237
187
157
137
111
93
779
569
361
755
751
044
123
2
CTA
12-7
5X
128
109
936
836
744
671
615
569
529
496
355
281
236
206
167
141
119
104
92
583
676
566
134
7
CTA
12-8
0X
137
116
100
891
794
715
656
607
564
529
378
299
251
219
178
150
127
111
99
089
281
670
537
0
CTA
12-8
5X
145
123
106
947
843
760
697
645
599
562
402
318
267
233
189
159
135
118
105
94
886
774
939
4
CTA
12-1
00X
171
145
125
111
992
894
820
759
705
661
473
374
314
274
222
188
159
139
123
112
102
88
146
3
CTA
12-1
25X
181
156
139
124
112
103
948
881
826
591
468
393
343
278
234
199
173
154
139
128
110
57
9
CTA
12-1
40X
215
180
152
138
122
114
104
968
914
860
618
492
424
369
296
250
213
190
172
158
142
123
66
2
CTA
12-1
55X
185
164
144
135
125
118
112
107
789
622
527
463
362
302
253
218
193
173
156
138
72
8
CTA
12-5
0X
820
690
603
539
484
437
400
370
344
321
232
183
154
135
109
91
477
667
760
454
650
043
222
7
CTA
12-7
5X
123
104
904
809
725
655
600
555
515
482
348
275
231
202
164
137
116
102
90
581
975
064
934
1
CTA
12-8
0X
131
110
960
863
774
698
640
592
550
514
371
293
246
215
174
146
124
108
97
087
480
069
236
3
CTA
12-8
5X
139
117
102
917
822
742
680
629
584
546
394
311
262
229
185
155
132
115
103
92
885
073
538
6
CTA
12-1
00X
164
138
120
108
967
873
800
740
687
643
464
366
308
269
218
183
155
136
121
109
100
86
545
4
CTA
12-1
25X
173
151
135
121
109
100
925
859
803
580
458
385
336
273
229
194
169
151
137
125
108
56
8
CTA
12-1
40X
200
168
143
130
116
109
100
931
885
835
601
479
413
360
290
245
209
187
169
155
140
121
65
4
CTA
12-1
55X
173
151
138
127
119
114
107
102
770
615
522
460
360
300
251
216
192
172
155
137
72
3
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Pe
rfo
rma
nce
Da
ta W
att
s p
er
cell
Co
nsta
nt
Po
we
r D
isch
arg
e p
erf
orm
an
ce
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
60 v
olts
per
cell
oC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
65 v
olts
per
cell
oC
CTA
12-5
0X
177
148
126
111
993
906
828
767
714
665
470
371
313
275
223
192
163
140
126
113
102
87
545
0
CTA
12-7
5X
266
222
189
167
149
136
124
115
107
998
705
556
470
413
335
287
244
210
188
169
153
131
67
4
CTA
12-8
0X
284
237
202
178
159
145
132
123
114
106
752
593
501
440
35
7306
261
224
201
180
163
140
71
9
CTA
12-8
5X
302
252
214
189
169
154
141
130
121
113
799
630
533
468
37
9326
277
238
213
191
173
149
76
4
CTA
12-1
00X
355
296
252
223
199
181
166
154
143
133
940
741
627
550
446
383
326
280
251
225
204
175
89
9
CTA
12-1
25X
356
302
267
238
217
199
184
179
166
117
927
783
688
55
8479
407
350
314
281
255
219
112
CTA
12-1
40X
470
390
328
292
257
237
216
200
186
175
126
100
860
750
602
510
435
388
350
322
290
251
138
CTA
12-1
55X
358
320
290
266
249
235
224
212
155
125
107
951
744
620
522
452
410
368
334
289
149
CTA
12-5
0X
168
141
122
108
962
875
792
740
690
644
458
360
307
271
22
0188
160
138
124
112
101
87
044
8
CTA
12-7
5X
252
212
183
161
144
131
119
111
104
966
687
539
460
407
33
0283
239
206
186
167
152
131
67
1
CTA
12-8
0X
269
226
195
172
154
140
127
118
110
103
733
575
490
434
35
2301
255
220
198
178
162
139
71
6
CTA
12-8
5X
285
240
207
183
163
149
135
126
117
110
779
611
521
461
374
320
271
234
211
190
172
148
76
1
CTA
12-1
00X
336
282
244
215
192
175
158
148
138
129
916
719
613
542
44
0377
319
275
248
223
202
174
89
5
CTA
12-1
25X
338
293
258
231
210
190
177
173
161
115
899
766
678
550
471
399
344
310
279
253
218
112
CTA
12-1
40X
444
369
312
279
247
228
209
194
181
171
123
979
843
736
59
3503
429
384
346
319
288
249
137
CTA
12-1
55X
346
308
282
259
244
230
219
209
153
123
106
944
738
615
517
448
406
365
331
286
148
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
The following examples are designed to illustrate the
method of determining which VISION CTA Front Terminal
unit will support your required duty load
Constant current discharge
EXAMPLE A To demonstrate constant current calculation and
also the effect of temperature
A nominal 50V telecommunications system using a 24 cell
battery and requiring 185 amps constant current will operate
satisfactorily at a minimum battery terminal volts level of 42
volts
Calculate the battery type required for 5 hours standby
duration on the basis of
(a) 20 operating temperature
(b) 0 operating temperature
METHOD
Minimum allowable volts per cell
42 volts
= 175Vpc24 cells
Hence cell performance requirement is 185 amps
Constant current to 175Vpc
By reference to constant current performance table
relating to 175 volts per cell level (see page 5)
(a) at 20
CTA12-100X unit size is smallest available size to use
(188 amps available)
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-100X
(b) at 0
By reference to the table on page 10 of this
product guide available current output at 0 C is
reduced by factor 083
The refore at 0 - 5 hours output is reduced to
on CTA12-100X size 188 amps x 083 = 158 amps
Hence CTA12-100X unit size too small
Try the next largest unit size - CTA12-125X At 0 available
current output is 234 amps x 083 =194 amps
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-125X
oCoC
oC
oC
o
oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
Constant power discharge
EXAMPLE B To demonstrate constant power
calculation
An inverter system requires a DC constant power input of
58 kW in the voltage range 451 volts maximum 317 volts
minimum
Calculate the optimum battery size required for
operation for a 4 hour standby period
METHOD
Number of cells
= 451228Vpc = 198 cells
Minimum volt per cell
317198 = 16Vpc
Watts per cell
= 5800 watts 198 cells = 293watts per cell
Hence cell performance requirement is 293 watts to
16Vpc at 20
By reference to the constant power performance table
(see page 6) relating to 16 volts per cell level
CTA12-75X monobloc is the correct available size to use
20oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Selection of battery size
87
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
CTA
12-5
0X
159
133
115
103
923
847
771
718
673
635
451
354
302
267
21
7184
157
136
124
111
101
86
944
5
CTA
12-7
5X
238
200
173
154
138
127
116
108
101
953
677
531
453
401
32
5276
236
204
185
166
151
130
66
8
CTA
12-8
0X
254
213
185
164
148
136
123
115
108
102
722
566
483
427
34
6295
251
218
198
177
161
139
71
2
CTA
12-8
5X
270
226
196
174
157
144
131
122
114
108
767
602
513
454
36
8313
267
231
210
188
171
148
75
7
CTA
12-1
00X
318
266
231
205
184
169
154
144
135
127
902
708
604
534
433
368
314
272
247
221
201
174
89
0
CTA
12-1
25X
319
277
246
221
203
185
172
168
159
113
885
755
668
54
1460
393
340
309
276
251
217
111
CTA
12-1
40X
418
349
296
266
236
220
201
188
177
167
120
958
825
722
584
495
423
379
343
316
285
247
136
CTA
12-1
55X
337
301
273
252
238
225
215
204
151
121
105
937
733
610
513
444
404
362
329
284
147
CTA
12-5
0X
149
126
111
990
885
811
757
698
661
618
442
349
297
263
214
182
155
134
123
110
100
86
544
3
CTA
12-7
5X
223
189
166
148
133
122
114
105
990
927
662
523
446
395
320
274
233
201
184
165
150
130
66
5
CTA
12-8
0X
238
201
177
158
142
130
121
112
106
990
706
558
475
421
342
292
248
214
196
176
160
138
70
9
CTA
12-8
5X
253
214
189
168
150
138
129
119
112
105
751
592
505
447
36
3310
264
228
208
187
170
147
75
3
CTA
12-1
00X
298
252
222
198
177
162
151
140
132
124
883
697
594
526
42
7365
310
268
245
220
200
173
88
6
CTA
12-1
25X
302
266
237
212
195
182
168
165
154
110
871
743
658
534
456
388
335
306
275
250
216
111
CTA
12-1
40X
391
328
279
253
226
211
194
181
172
162
117
936
808
708
57
4488
416
375
339
312
283
245
135
CTA
12-1
55X
326
293
267
248
232
221
211
200
149
120
104
925
72
7605
509
441
400
359
326
282
146
CTA
12-5
0X
137
118
104
940
853
783
733
684
641
601
432
343
293
259
21
1179
153
133
121
109
98
485
044
1
CTA
12-7
5X
206
177
155
141
128
118
110
103
962
902
649
515
439
388
31
6269
230
199
181
163
148
128
66
1
CTA
12-8
0X
220
189
166
151
136
125
117
109
103
960
692
549
468
414
337
287
245
212
193
174
157
136
70
5
CTA
12-8
5X
234
201
176
160
145
133
125
116
109
102
735
583
497
439
358
305
260
225
205
185
167
145
74
9
CTA
12-1
00X
275
237
207
188
171
157
147
137
128
120
865
686
585
517
421
359
306
265
241
218
197
170
88
1
CTA
12-1
25X
284
248
226
205
188
176
164
160
150
108
858
731
646
52
6449
383
331
301
272
246
213
110
CTA
12-1
40X
365
307
263
240
215
202
186
175
167
158
114
915
790
694
56
5480
410
370
335
309
280
243
134
CTA
12-1
55X
313
282
261
242
229
217
206
196
147
118
103
910
72
1600
505
437
397
356
324
280
145
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
9 10
Operating Characteristics
The Front Terminal units should be charged
using constant potential chargers
VISION CTA
Float voltage
At normal room temperature (20 ) the recommended float
voltage is equal to 225 volts per cell
To optimise battery performance it is recommended that the
float voltage is adjusted for room ambient temperatures in
accordance with the following table
oC
Temperature Float voltage range per cell
0 231-236V
10 228-233V
20 225-230V
25 223-228V
30 222-227V
35 220-225V
40 219-224V
Under these conditions a recharge will be completed in
approximately 72 hours
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
Charging current
A discharged VRLA battery will accept a high recharge
current but for those seeking a more economical charging
system a current limit of 03 C10 (A) is adequate
Note For a completely discharged battery 80 of the capacity is
replaced in approximately
10 hours at 01 C10
6 hours at 03 C10
5 hours no current limit applied
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 144~147volts per battery can
reduce recharge time and it is possible depending on the
depth of discharge to halve the recharge time Under these
conditions however the charge must be monitored and
must be terminated when the charge current remains
reasonably steady for 3 consecutive hours after the voltage
limit has been reached At the beginning of charge the
current must be limited to 03 C10 (A) This charge regime
in order to achieve a normal service life must not be
used more than once per month
The effect of temperature on capacity
Correction factors for capacity at different temperatures are
shown in the following table the reference temperature
being 20
oC
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
050 056 063 070 077 084 092 100 108 116 124 131
062 067 073 078 084 089 095 100 105 110 115 120
073 077 081 085 089 093 096 100 103 106 109 111
o o o o o o o o o o o oC C C C C C C C C C C C
Battery temperature
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Technology
Principle of the oxygen reduction cycle
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
2
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
Valve
O
Electrolyte in absorptive glass mat
VISION CTA
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
2H
Liquid electrolyte
Convention Cell
2O
Principle of VRLA batteries
During charging of conventional lead acid battery
electrolysis of water occurs at the final stage then(so)
hydrogen generates from the negative plates and
oxygen from the positive plates This causes water
loss and periodic watering is needed
However evolution of oxygen and hydrogen gases
does not occur simultaneously because the recharge
of the positive plates is not as efficient as the
negative ones This means that oxygen is evolved
from the positive plate before hydrogen is evolved
from the negative plate
At the same time that oxygen is evolved from the
positive plate a substantial amount of highly active
spongy lead exists on the negative plate before it
commences hydrogen evolution Therefore
providing oxygen can be transported to the negative
plates conditions are ideal for a rapid reaction
between lead and oxygen ie oxygen is
electrochemically reduced on the negative plate
according to the following formula
and the final product is water
The current flowing through the negative plate
drives this reaction instead of hydrogen evolution
which occur in a conventional battery
This process is called gas recombination If this
process is 100 efficient no water would be lost
from the battery By careful design and selection of
battery components gas recombination efficiency is
between 95 to 99
- + 12e + 2H + 2O2rarrH2O
Conventional Cell
Oxygen and hydrogen escape to the atmosphere
VISION CTA
Oxygen from the positive plate transfers to the
negative and recombines with lead to form water
Recombination efficiency
Recombination efficiency is determined under specific
conditions by measuring the volume of
hydrogen emitted from the battery and converting this
into its ampere hour equivalent This equivalent value is
then subtracted from the total ampere hours taken by
the battery during the test period and the remainder is
the batterys recombination efficiency and is usually
expressed as a percentage
As recombination is never 100 some hydrogen gas is
emitted from batteries through the safety valve The
volume of gas emitted is very small and typical average
values on constant potential float at 20 are as followsoC
VISION CTA hydrogen emissions
Float Voltage Volume of gas emitted
(V) (ml per cell per C10 Ah per month)
135~138 38
144~147 25
Operating Instructions and Guidelines Installation and Commissioning Charge wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Accidental deep discharge
eg Discharge at a lower current for a longer time than
the original system specification
Failure of the charging system
Battery not recharged immediately after a discharge
When a battery is completely discharged
The utilisation of the sulphuric acid in the electrolyte is
total and the electrolyte now consists only of water
During recharge this condition may produce metallic
dendrites which can penetrate the separator and cause
a short circuit in a cell
The sulphation of the plate is at its maximum and the
internal resistance of the cell is also at its maximum
The battery should be recharged under a constant potential
of 228 volts per cell with the current limited to a maximum
of 03 C10(A) in order to prevent excessive internal heating
For instance for a CTA12-155X the maximum charge current
is 465 amps If the sulphation of the cellbattery is extensive
then the recharge of the battery may require more than 96
hours
Note Deep discharging will produce a premature deterioration of the
battery and a noticeable reduction in the life expectancy of the
battery
For optimum operation the minimum voltage of the system
should be related to the duty as follows
t lt1h 165V
1 h ltt lt5h 170V
5 h ltt lt8h 175V
8 h ltt lt20h 180V
In order to protect the battery it is advisable to have system
monitoring and low voltage cut-out
Float charge ripple
Excessive ripple on the DC supply across a battery has the
effect of reducing life and performance
It is recommended therefore that voltage regulation across
the system including the load but without the battery
connected under steady state conditions shall be better
than 1 between 5 and 100 load
(I)
(II)
(III)
(I)
(II)
Duty Minimum end voltage
Transient and other ripple type excursions can be
accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
but the load connected the system peak to peak voltage
including the regulation limits falls within 25 of the
recommended float voltage of the battery
Under no circumstances should the current flowing through
the battery when it is operating under float conditions
reverse into the discharge mode
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)
products are covered by the EMC statement in
prEN 502261995 which reads as follows
Rechargeable cells or batteries are not sensitive to normal
electromagnetic disturbances and therefore no immunity
tests shall be required Free-standing rechargeable cells or
batteries electrically isolated from any associated electrical
system are for all practical purposes electromagnetically
inert and therefore the requirements for electromagnetic
compatibility shall be deemed to be satisfied
Note It should be noted that rechargeable cells or batteries are part
of an electrical system and the manner in which they are used could
invoke the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility upon
that system In such cases the requirements of electromagnetic
compatibility shall be accommodated by the design of the system
Maintenance
Every month check that the total voltage at the battery
terminals is (N x 225V) for a temperature of 20
N = the number of cells in the battery and
225V = 20 float voltage
Once a year take a reading of the individual bloc voltages
in the battery A variation of 25 on individual voltages
from the average voltage is acceptable
The system must be checked once or twice a year
Principal factors affecting the life of recombination
batteries
Deep discharge
Poor control of the float voltage
Cycling or micro-cycling
Poor quality of charging current (excessive ripple)
High ambient temperature
VISION CTA
oC
oC
11
Warning
Front Terminal units are already charged when
delivered
They should be unpacked with care Avoid short circuiting
terminals of opposite polarity as these units are capable of
discharging at a very high current especially if the lid or the
container is damaged
Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided before
switching on noting open circuit voltage
There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking
It is advisable to unpack all the monoblocs and accessories
before commencing to erect and not to unpack and erect
monobloc by monobloc
All items should be carefully checked against the
accompanying advice notes to ascertain if any are missing
Advise the Sales Department of any discrepancies
A rigid plastic insulating cover is provided which totally
protects the unit terminals This is factory fitted to all
products of the range and there is no need to remove it
until access to the terminals is required
Setting up the battery stands
The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
To level the stand use the adjustable insulating feet
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery
Is suitably insulated
Is naturally ventilated
Connecting the monoblocs
Torque setting
Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label
VISION CTA Always use insulated tools for fitting and torquring up
battery connections
In series
The number of cells in series (N) will not affect the
selected float voltage per cell
Therefore charging float voltage = N x Cell float Voltage
No special circuit arrangements are required
In parallel
Using constant voltage chargers and ensuring that the
connections made between the charger and the batteries
have the same electrical resistance no special
arrangements have to be made for batteries in parallel
Although no special circuit arrangements are required
where the parallel connection is made at the charger or
distribution board to avoid out of step conditions
the bus bar run length and the area of cross section
should be designed so that the circuit resistance value
for each string is equal within limits 5
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid static
generation
Use only a clean soft damp cloth for cleaning the
monoblocs Do not use chemicals or detergents
Use insulated tools
Commence installation at the least accessible point
Consult the drawing for the correct position of the
monobloc poles
Commissioning charge
Ensure that the batteries will be operated in a clean
environment
Before use the batteries should be charged at a constant
float voltage adjusted according to the ambient temperature
eg 135~138Vbattery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours or
alternatively a voltage of 144~147Vbattery at 20 can be
used to reduce the commissioning period from 24 to 15 hours
Where the batteries have been stored under harsh
conditions this increased voltage recharge is particularly
effective
oCoC
12
13
The VISION Front Terminal batterys compact
design and standard footprint suitable for 19rdquo
23rdquo and ETSI racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density
With all electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler and
quicker
Recharge of stored batteries
A refreshing charge shall be performed after this time at
135-138V battery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours
A current limit is not essential but for optimum charge
efficiency the current output of the charger can be limited
to 20 of the 10-hour rated capacity
The necessity of a refreshing charge can also be determined
by measuring the open circuit voltage of a stored battery
Refreshing charge is advised if the voltage drops below
210 volts per cell
Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly
reduced capacity and service life
oC
Storage conditions
Store the battery in a dry clean and preferably cool location
Storage time
As the batteries are supplied charged storage time is limited
In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged
storage it is advisable not to store batteries for more than
6 months at 20
3 months at 30
6 weeks at 40
Battery state of charge
The battery state of charge can be determined by measuring
the open-circuit voltage of cells in rest position for 24 hours
at 20
100 214Vpc
80 210Vpc
60 207Vpc
40 204Vpc
20 200Vpc
Open circuit voltage variation with temperature is 25mV
per 10
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
State of charge Voltage
Battery AccommodationBattery Storagewwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
14
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
The following examples are designed to illustrate the
method of determining which VISION CTA Front Terminal
unit will support your required duty load
Constant current discharge
EXAMPLE A To demonstrate constant current calculation and
also the effect of temperature
A nominal 50V telecommunications system using a 24 cell
battery and requiring 185 amps constant current will operate
satisfactorily at a minimum battery terminal volts level of 42
volts
Calculate the battery type required for 5 hours standby
duration on the basis of
(a) 20 operating temperature
(b) 0 operating temperature
METHOD
Minimum allowable volts per cell
42 volts
= 175Vpc24 cells
Hence cell performance requirement is 185 amps
Constant current to 175Vpc
By reference to constant current performance table
relating to 175 volts per cell level (see page 5)
(a) at 20
CTA12-100X unit size is smallest available size to use
(188 amps available)
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-100X
(b) at 0
By reference to the table on page 10 of this
product guide available current output at 0 C is
reduced by factor 083
The refore at 0 - 5 hours output is reduced to
on CTA12-100X size 188 amps x 083 = 158 amps
Hence CTA12-100X unit size too small
Try the next largest unit size - CTA12-125X At 0 available
current output is 234 amps x 083 =194 amps
Conclusion Use 4 - CTA12-125X
oCoC
oC
oC
o
oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
Constant power discharge
EXAMPLE B To demonstrate constant power
calculation
An inverter system requires a DC constant power input of
58 kW in the voltage range 451 volts maximum 317 volts
minimum
Calculate the optimum battery size required for
operation for a 4 hour standby period
METHOD
Number of cells
= 451228Vpc = 198 cells
Minimum volt per cell
317198 = 16Vpc
Watts per cell
= 5800 watts 198 cells = 293watts per cell
Hence cell performance requirement is 293 watts to
16Vpc at 20
By reference to the constant power performance table
(see page 6) relating to 16 volts per cell level
CTA12-75X monobloc is the correct available size to use
20oC
oC
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
Selection of battery size
87
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
80 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
75 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
Ba
tte
ry T
yp
e
15
min
2
0m
in
25
min
30
min
35
min
4
0m
in 4
5m
in 5
0m
in
55
min
1h
15
h
2h
2
5h
3
h
4
h
5h
6h
7
h
8h
9
h
10
h
1
2h
2
4h
Const
ant
Pow
er
Dis
charg
e
( W
att
s per
cell
) at
20
to 1
70 v
olts
pe
r ce
lloC
CTA
12-5
0X
159
133
115
103
923
847
771
718
673
635
451
354
302
267
21
7184
157
136
124
111
101
86
944
5
CTA
12-7
5X
238
200
173
154
138
127
116
108
101
953
677
531
453
401
32
5276
236
204
185
166
151
130
66
8
CTA
12-8
0X
254
213
185
164
148
136
123
115
108
102
722
566
483
427
34
6295
251
218
198
177
161
139
71
2
CTA
12-8
5X
270
226
196
174
157
144
131
122
114
108
767
602
513
454
36
8313
267
231
210
188
171
148
75
7
CTA
12-1
00X
318
266
231
205
184
169
154
144
135
127
902
708
604
534
433
368
314
272
247
221
201
174
89
0
CTA
12-1
25X
319
277
246
221
203
185
172
168
159
113
885
755
668
54
1460
393
340
309
276
251
217
111
CTA
12-1
40X
418
349
296
266
236
220
201
188
177
167
120
958
825
722
584
495
423
379
343
316
285
247
136
CTA
12-1
55X
337
301
273
252
238
225
215
204
151
121
105
937
733
610
513
444
404
362
329
284
147
CTA
12-5
0X
149
126
111
990
885
811
757
698
661
618
442
349
297
263
214
182
155
134
123
110
100
86
544
3
CTA
12-7
5X
223
189
166
148
133
122
114
105
990
927
662
523
446
395
320
274
233
201
184
165
150
130
66
5
CTA
12-8
0X
238
201
177
158
142
130
121
112
106
990
706
558
475
421
342
292
248
214
196
176
160
138
70
9
CTA
12-8
5X
253
214
189
168
150
138
129
119
112
105
751
592
505
447
36
3310
264
228
208
187
170
147
75
3
CTA
12-1
00X
298
252
222
198
177
162
151
140
132
124
883
697
594
526
42
7365
310
268
245
220
200
173
88
6
CTA
12-1
25X
302
266
237
212
195
182
168
165
154
110
871
743
658
534
456
388
335
306
275
250
216
111
CTA
12-1
40X
391
328
279
253
226
211
194
181
172
162
117
936
808
708
57
4488
416
375
339
312
283
245
135
CTA
12-1
55X
326
293
267
248
232
221
211
200
149
120
104
925
72
7605
509
441
400
359
326
282
146
CTA
12-5
0X
137
118
104
940
853
783
733
684
641
601
432
343
293
259
21
1179
153
133
121
109
98
485
044
1
CTA
12-7
5X
206
177
155
141
128
118
110
103
962
902
649
515
439
388
31
6269
230
199
181
163
148
128
66
1
CTA
12-8
0X
220
189
166
151
136
125
117
109
103
960
692
549
468
414
337
287
245
212
193
174
157
136
70
5
CTA
12-8
5X
234
201
176
160
145
133
125
116
109
102
735
583
497
439
358
305
260
225
205
185
167
145
74
9
CTA
12-1
00X
275
237
207
188
171
157
147
137
128
120
865
686
585
517
421
359
306
265
241
218
197
170
88
1
CTA
12-1
25X
284
248
226
205
188
176
164
160
150
108
858
731
646
52
6449
383
331
301
272
246
213
110
CTA
12-1
40X
365
307
263
240
215
202
186
175
167
158
114
915
790
694
56
5480
410
370
335
309
280
243
134
CTA
12-1
55X
313
282
261
242
229
217
206
196
147
118
103
910
72
1600
505
437
397
356
324
280
145
(No
te)T
he a
bo
ve c
ha
racte
risti
cs
da
ta a
re a
ve
rag
e v
alu
es
ob
tain
ed w
ith
in t
hre
e c
ha
rge
dis
ch
arg
e c
ycle
s n
ot
the
mim
imu
m v
alu
es
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
9 10
Operating Characteristics
The Front Terminal units should be charged
using constant potential chargers
VISION CTA
Float voltage
At normal room temperature (20 ) the recommended float
voltage is equal to 225 volts per cell
To optimise battery performance it is recommended that the
float voltage is adjusted for room ambient temperatures in
accordance with the following table
oC
Temperature Float voltage range per cell
0 231-236V
10 228-233V
20 225-230V
25 223-228V
30 222-227V
35 220-225V
40 219-224V
Under these conditions a recharge will be completed in
approximately 72 hours
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
Charging current
A discharged VRLA battery will accept a high recharge
current but for those seeking a more economical charging
system a current limit of 03 C10 (A) is adequate
Note For a completely discharged battery 80 of the capacity is
replaced in approximately
10 hours at 01 C10
6 hours at 03 C10
5 hours no current limit applied
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 144~147volts per battery can
reduce recharge time and it is possible depending on the
depth of discharge to halve the recharge time Under these
conditions however the charge must be monitored and
must be terminated when the charge current remains
reasonably steady for 3 consecutive hours after the voltage
limit has been reached At the beginning of charge the
current must be limited to 03 C10 (A) This charge regime
in order to achieve a normal service life must not be
used more than once per month
The effect of temperature on capacity
Correction factors for capacity at different temperatures are
shown in the following table the reference temperature
being 20
oC
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
050 056 063 070 077 084 092 100 108 116 124 131
062 067 073 078 084 089 095 100 105 110 115 120
073 077 081 085 089 093 096 100 103 106 109 111
o o o o o o o o o o o oC C C C C C C C C C C C
Battery temperature
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Technology
Principle of the oxygen reduction cycle
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
2
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
Valve
O
Electrolyte in absorptive glass mat
VISION CTA
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
2H
Liquid electrolyte
Convention Cell
2O
Principle of VRLA batteries
During charging of conventional lead acid battery
electrolysis of water occurs at the final stage then(so)
hydrogen generates from the negative plates and
oxygen from the positive plates This causes water
loss and periodic watering is needed
However evolution of oxygen and hydrogen gases
does not occur simultaneously because the recharge
of the positive plates is not as efficient as the
negative ones This means that oxygen is evolved
from the positive plate before hydrogen is evolved
from the negative plate
At the same time that oxygen is evolved from the
positive plate a substantial amount of highly active
spongy lead exists on the negative plate before it
commences hydrogen evolution Therefore
providing oxygen can be transported to the negative
plates conditions are ideal for a rapid reaction
between lead and oxygen ie oxygen is
electrochemically reduced on the negative plate
according to the following formula
and the final product is water
The current flowing through the negative plate
drives this reaction instead of hydrogen evolution
which occur in a conventional battery
This process is called gas recombination If this
process is 100 efficient no water would be lost
from the battery By careful design and selection of
battery components gas recombination efficiency is
between 95 to 99
- + 12e + 2H + 2O2rarrH2O
Conventional Cell
Oxygen and hydrogen escape to the atmosphere
VISION CTA
Oxygen from the positive plate transfers to the
negative and recombines with lead to form water
Recombination efficiency
Recombination efficiency is determined under specific
conditions by measuring the volume of
hydrogen emitted from the battery and converting this
into its ampere hour equivalent This equivalent value is
then subtracted from the total ampere hours taken by
the battery during the test period and the remainder is
the batterys recombination efficiency and is usually
expressed as a percentage
As recombination is never 100 some hydrogen gas is
emitted from batteries through the safety valve The
volume of gas emitted is very small and typical average
values on constant potential float at 20 are as followsoC
VISION CTA hydrogen emissions
Float Voltage Volume of gas emitted
(V) (ml per cell per C10 Ah per month)
135~138 38
144~147 25
Operating Instructions and Guidelines Installation and Commissioning Charge wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Accidental deep discharge
eg Discharge at a lower current for a longer time than
the original system specification
Failure of the charging system
Battery not recharged immediately after a discharge
When a battery is completely discharged
The utilisation of the sulphuric acid in the electrolyte is
total and the electrolyte now consists only of water
During recharge this condition may produce metallic
dendrites which can penetrate the separator and cause
a short circuit in a cell
The sulphation of the plate is at its maximum and the
internal resistance of the cell is also at its maximum
The battery should be recharged under a constant potential
of 228 volts per cell with the current limited to a maximum
of 03 C10(A) in order to prevent excessive internal heating
For instance for a CTA12-155X the maximum charge current
is 465 amps If the sulphation of the cellbattery is extensive
then the recharge of the battery may require more than 96
hours
Note Deep discharging will produce a premature deterioration of the
battery and a noticeable reduction in the life expectancy of the
battery
For optimum operation the minimum voltage of the system
should be related to the duty as follows
t lt1h 165V
1 h ltt lt5h 170V
5 h ltt lt8h 175V
8 h ltt lt20h 180V
In order to protect the battery it is advisable to have system
monitoring and low voltage cut-out
Float charge ripple
Excessive ripple on the DC supply across a battery has the
effect of reducing life and performance
It is recommended therefore that voltage regulation across
the system including the load but without the battery
connected under steady state conditions shall be better
than 1 between 5 and 100 load
(I)
(II)
(III)
(I)
(II)
Duty Minimum end voltage
Transient and other ripple type excursions can be
accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
but the load connected the system peak to peak voltage
including the regulation limits falls within 25 of the
recommended float voltage of the battery
Under no circumstances should the current flowing through
the battery when it is operating under float conditions
reverse into the discharge mode
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)
products are covered by the EMC statement in
prEN 502261995 which reads as follows
Rechargeable cells or batteries are not sensitive to normal
electromagnetic disturbances and therefore no immunity
tests shall be required Free-standing rechargeable cells or
batteries electrically isolated from any associated electrical
system are for all practical purposes electromagnetically
inert and therefore the requirements for electromagnetic
compatibility shall be deemed to be satisfied
Note It should be noted that rechargeable cells or batteries are part
of an electrical system and the manner in which they are used could
invoke the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility upon
that system In such cases the requirements of electromagnetic
compatibility shall be accommodated by the design of the system
Maintenance
Every month check that the total voltage at the battery
terminals is (N x 225V) for a temperature of 20
N = the number of cells in the battery and
225V = 20 float voltage
Once a year take a reading of the individual bloc voltages
in the battery A variation of 25 on individual voltages
from the average voltage is acceptable
The system must be checked once or twice a year
Principal factors affecting the life of recombination
batteries
Deep discharge
Poor control of the float voltage
Cycling or micro-cycling
Poor quality of charging current (excessive ripple)
High ambient temperature
VISION CTA
oC
oC
11
Warning
Front Terminal units are already charged when
delivered
They should be unpacked with care Avoid short circuiting
terminals of opposite polarity as these units are capable of
discharging at a very high current especially if the lid or the
container is damaged
Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided before
switching on noting open circuit voltage
There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking
It is advisable to unpack all the monoblocs and accessories
before commencing to erect and not to unpack and erect
monobloc by monobloc
All items should be carefully checked against the
accompanying advice notes to ascertain if any are missing
Advise the Sales Department of any discrepancies
A rigid plastic insulating cover is provided which totally
protects the unit terminals This is factory fitted to all
products of the range and there is no need to remove it
until access to the terminals is required
Setting up the battery stands
The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
To level the stand use the adjustable insulating feet
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery
Is suitably insulated
Is naturally ventilated
Connecting the monoblocs
Torque setting
Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label
VISION CTA Always use insulated tools for fitting and torquring up
battery connections
In series
The number of cells in series (N) will not affect the
selected float voltage per cell
Therefore charging float voltage = N x Cell float Voltage
No special circuit arrangements are required
In parallel
Using constant voltage chargers and ensuring that the
connections made between the charger and the batteries
have the same electrical resistance no special
arrangements have to be made for batteries in parallel
Although no special circuit arrangements are required
where the parallel connection is made at the charger or
distribution board to avoid out of step conditions
the bus bar run length and the area of cross section
should be designed so that the circuit resistance value
for each string is equal within limits 5
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid static
generation
Use only a clean soft damp cloth for cleaning the
monoblocs Do not use chemicals or detergents
Use insulated tools
Commence installation at the least accessible point
Consult the drawing for the correct position of the
monobloc poles
Commissioning charge
Ensure that the batteries will be operated in a clean
environment
Before use the batteries should be charged at a constant
float voltage adjusted according to the ambient temperature
eg 135~138Vbattery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours or
alternatively a voltage of 144~147Vbattery at 20 can be
used to reduce the commissioning period from 24 to 15 hours
Where the batteries have been stored under harsh
conditions this increased voltage recharge is particularly
effective
oCoC
12
13
The VISION Front Terminal batterys compact
design and standard footprint suitable for 19rdquo
23rdquo and ETSI racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density
With all electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler and
quicker
Recharge of stored batteries
A refreshing charge shall be performed after this time at
135-138V battery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours
A current limit is not essential but for optimum charge
efficiency the current output of the charger can be limited
to 20 of the 10-hour rated capacity
The necessity of a refreshing charge can also be determined
by measuring the open circuit voltage of a stored battery
Refreshing charge is advised if the voltage drops below
210 volts per cell
Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly
reduced capacity and service life
oC
Storage conditions
Store the battery in a dry clean and preferably cool location
Storage time
As the batteries are supplied charged storage time is limited
In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged
storage it is advisable not to store batteries for more than
6 months at 20
3 months at 30
6 weeks at 40
Battery state of charge
The battery state of charge can be determined by measuring
the open-circuit voltage of cells in rest position for 24 hours
at 20
100 214Vpc
80 210Vpc
60 207Vpc
40 204Vpc
20 200Vpc
Open circuit voltage variation with temperature is 25mV
per 10
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
State of charge Voltage
Battery AccommodationBattery Storagewwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
14
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
9 10
Operating Characteristics
The Front Terminal units should be charged
using constant potential chargers
VISION CTA
Float voltage
At normal room temperature (20 ) the recommended float
voltage is equal to 225 volts per cell
To optimise battery performance it is recommended that the
float voltage is adjusted for room ambient temperatures in
accordance with the following table
oC
Temperature Float voltage range per cell
0 231-236V
10 228-233V
20 225-230V
25 223-228V
30 222-227V
35 220-225V
40 219-224V
Under these conditions a recharge will be completed in
approximately 72 hours
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
Charging current
A discharged VRLA battery will accept a high recharge
current but for those seeking a more economical charging
system a current limit of 03 C10 (A) is adequate
Note For a completely discharged battery 80 of the capacity is
replaced in approximately
10 hours at 01 C10
6 hours at 03 C10
5 hours no current limit applied
Fast recharge
Increasing the charge voltage to 144~147volts per battery can
reduce recharge time and it is possible depending on the
depth of discharge to halve the recharge time Under these
conditions however the charge must be monitored and
must be terminated when the charge current remains
reasonably steady for 3 consecutive hours after the voltage
limit has been reached At the beginning of charge the
current must be limited to 03 C10 (A) This charge regime
in order to achieve a normal service life must not be
used more than once per month
The effect of temperature on capacity
Correction factors for capacity at different temperatures are
shown in the following table the reference temperature
being 20
oC
Duration of
discharge
15min
1 hour
10hour
-15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
050 056 063 070 077 084 092 100 108 116 124 131
062 067 073 078 084 089 095 100 105 110 115 120
073 077 081 085 089 093 096 100 103 106 109 111
o o o o o o o o o o o oC C C C C C C C C C C C
Battery temperature
wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Technology
Principle of the oxygen reduction cycle
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
2
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
Valve
O
Electrolyte in absorptive glass mat
VISION CTA
PbO2
Positive Plate
Pb
Negative Plate
Separator
+ -
H SO2 4
+ -Charger
2H
Liquid electrolyte
Convention Cell
2O
Principle of VRLA batteries
During charging of conventional lead acid battery
electrolysis of water occurs at the final stage then(so)
hydrogen generates from the negative plates and
oxygen from the positive plates This causes water
loss and periodic watering is needed
However evolution of oxygen and hydrogen gases
does not occur simultaneously because the recharge
of the positive plates is not as efficient as the
negative ones This means that oxygen is evolved
from the positive plate before hydrogen is evolved
from the negative plate
At the same time that oxygen is evolved from the
positive plate a substantial amount of highly active
spongy lead exists on the negative plate before it
commences hydrogen evolution Therefore
providing oxygen can be transported to the negative
plates conditions are ideal for a rapid reaction
between lead and oxygen ie oxygen is
electrochemically reduced on the negative plate
according to the following formula
and the final product is water
The current flowing through the negative plate
drives this reaction instead of hydrogen evolution
which occur in a conventional battery
This process is called gas recombination If this
process is 100 efficient no water would be lost
from the battery By careful design and selection of
battery components gas recombination efficiency is
between 95 to 99
- + 12e + 2H + 2O2rarrH2O
Conventional Cell
Oxygen and hydrogen escape to the atmosphere
VISION CTA
Oxygen from the positive plate transfers to the
negative and recombines with lead to form water
Recombination efficiency
Recombination efficiency is determined under specific
conditions by measuring the volume of
hydrogen emitted from the battery and converting this
into its ampere hour equivalent This equivalent value is
then subtracted from the total ampere hours taken by
the battery during the test period and the remainder is
the batterys recombination efficiency and is usually
expressed as a percentage
As recombination is never 100 some hydrogen gas is
emitted from batteries through the safety valve The
volume of gas emitted is very small and typical average
values on constant potential float at 20 are as followsoC
VISION CTA hydrogen emissions
Float Voltage Volume of gas emitted
(V) (ml per cell per C10 Ah per month)
135~138 38
144~147 25
Operating Instructions and Guidelines Installation and Commissioning Charge wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Accidental deep discharge
eg Discharge at a lower current for a longer time than
the original system specification
Failure of the charging system
Battery not recharged immediately after a discharge
When a battery is completely discharged
The utilisation of the sulphuric acid in the electrolyte is
total and the electrolyte now consists only of water
During recharge this condition may produce metallic
dendrites which can penetrate the separator and cause
a short circuit in a cell
The sulphation of the plate is at its maximum and the
internal resistance of the cell is also at its maximum
The battery should be recharged under a constant potential
of 228 volts per cell with the current limited to a maximum
of 03 C10(A) in order to prevent excessive internal heating
For instance for a CTA12-155X the maximum charge current
is 465 amps If the sulphation of the cellbattery is extensive
then the recharge of the battery may require more than 96
hours
Note Deep discharging will produce a premature deterioration of the
battery and a noticeable reduction in the life expectancy of the
battery
For optimum operation the minimum voltage of the system
should be related to the duty as follows
t lt1h 165V
1 h ltt lt5h 170V
5 h ltt lt8h 175V
8 h ltt lt20h 180V
In order to protect the battery it is advisable to have system
monitoring and low voltage cut-out
Float charge ripple
Excessive ripple on the DC supply across a battery has the
effect of reducing life and performance
It is recommended therefore that voltage regulation across
the system including the load but without the battery
connected under steady state conditions shall be better
than 1 between 5 and 100 load
(I)
(II)
(III)
(I)
(II)
Duty Minimum end voltage
Transient and other ripple type excursions can be
accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
but the load connected the system peak to peak voltage
including the regulation limits falls within 25 of the
recommended float voltage of the battery
Under no circumstances should the current flowing through
the battery when it is operating under float conditions
reverse into the discharge mode
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)
products are covered by the EMC statement in
prEN 502261995 which reads as follows
Rechargeable cells or batteries are not sensitive to normal
electromagnetic disturbances and therefore no immunity
tests shall be required Free-standing rechargeable cells or
batteries electrically isolated from any associated electrical
system are for all practical purposes electromagnetically
inert and therefore the requirements for electromagnetic
compatibility shall be deemed to be satisfied
Note It should be noted that rechargeable cells or batteries are part
of an electrical system and the manner in which they are used could
invoke the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility upon
that system In such cases the requirements of electromagnetic
compatibility shall be accommodated by the design of the system
Maintenance
Every month check that the total voltage at the battery
terminals is (N x 225V) for a temperature of 20
N = the number of cells in the battery and
225V = 20 float voltage
Once a year take a reading of the individual bloc voltages
in the battery A variation of 25 on individual voltages
from the average voltage is acceptable
The system must be checked once or twice a year
Principal factors affecting the life of recombination
batteries
Deep discharge
Poor control of the float voltage
Cycling or micro-cycling
Poor quality of charging current (excessive ripple)
High ambient temperature
VISION CTA
oC
oC
11
Warning
Front Terminal units are already charged when
delivered
They should be unpacked with care Avoid short circuiting
terminals of opposite polarity as these units are capable of
discharging at a very high current especially if the lid or the
container is damaged
Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided before
switching on noting open circuit voltage
There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking
It is advisable to unpack all the monoblocs and accessories
before commencing to erect and not to unpack and erect
monobloc by monobloc
All items should be carefully checked against the
accompanying advice notes to ascertain if any are missing
Advise the Sales Department of any discrepancies
A rigid plastic insulating cover is provided which totally
protects the unit terminals This is factory fitted to all
products of the range and there is no need to remove it
until access to the terminals is required
Setting up the battery stands
The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
To level the stand use the adjustable insulating feet
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery
Is suitably insulated
Is naturally ventilated
Connecting the monoblocs
Torque setting
Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label
VISION CTA Always use insulated tools for fitting and torquring up
battery connections
In series
The number of cells in series (N) will not affect the
selected float voltage per cell
Therefore charging float voltage = N x Cell float Voltage
No special circuit arrangements are required
In parallel
Using constant voltage chargers and ensuring that the
connections made between the charger and the batteries
have the same electrical resistance no special
arrangements have to be made for batteries in parallel
Although no special circuit arrangements are required
where the parallel connection is made at the charger or
distribution board to avoid out of step conditions
the bus bar run length and the area of cross section
should be designed so that the circuit resistance value
for each string is equal within limits 5
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid static
generation
Use only a clean soft damp cloth for cleaning the
monoblocs Do not use chemicals or detergents
Use insulated tools
Commence installation at the least accessible point
Consult the drawing for the correct position of the
monobloc poles
Commissioning charge
Ensure that the batteries will be operated in a clean
environment
Before use the batteries should be charged at a constant
float voltage adjusted according to the ambient temperature
eg 135~138Vbattery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours or
alternatively a voltage of 144~147Vbattery at 20 can be
used to reduce the commissioning period from 24 to 15 hours
Where the batteries have been stored under harsh
conditions this increased voltage recharge is particularly
effective
oCoC
12
13
The VISION Front Terminal batterys compact
design and standard footprint suitable for 19rdquo
23rdquo and ETSI racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density
With all electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler and
quicker
Recharge of stored batteries
A refreshing charge shall be performed after this time at
135-138V battery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours
A current limit is not essential but for optimum charge
efficiency the current output of the charger can be limited
to 20 of the 10-hour rated capacity
The necessity of a refreshing charge can also be determined
by measuring the open circuit voltage of a stored battery
Refreshing charge is advised if the voltage drops below
210 volts per cell
Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly
reduced capacity and service life
oC
Storage conditions
Store the battery in a dry clean and preferably cool location
Storage time
As the batteries are supplied charged storage time is limited
In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged
storage it is advisable not to store batteries for more than
6 months at 20
3 months at 30
6 weeks at 40
Battery state of charge
The battery state of charge can be determined by measuring
the open-circuit voltage of cells in rest position for 24 hours
at 20
100 214Vpc
80 210Vpc
60 207Vpc
40 204Vpc
20 200Vpc
Open circuit voltage variation with temperature is 25mV
per 10
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
State of charge Voltage
Battery AccommodationBattery Storagewwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
14
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
Operating Instructions and Guidelines Installation and Commissioning Charge wwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
Accidental deep discharge
eg Discharge at a lower current for a longer time than
the original system specification
Failure of the charging system
Battery not recharged immediately after a discharge
When a battery is completely discharged
The utilisation of the sulphuric acid in the electrolyte is
total and the electrolyte now consists only of water
During recharge this condition may produce metallic
dendrites which can penetrate the separator and cause
a short circuit in a cell
The sulphation of the plate is at its maximum and the
internal resistance of the cell is also at its maximum
The battery should be recharged under a constant potential
of 228 volts per cell with the current limited to a maximum
of 03 C10(A) in order to prevent excessive internal heating
For instance for a CTA12-155X the maximum charge current
is 465 amps If the sulphation of the cellbattery is extensive
then the recharge of the battery may require more than 96
hours
Note Deep discharging will produce a premature deterioration of the
battery and a noticeable reduction in the life expectancy of the
battery
For optimum operation the minimum voltage of the system
should be related to the duty as follows
t lt1h 165V
1 h ltt lt5h 170V
5 h ltt lt8h 175V
8 h ltt lt20h 180V
In order to protect the battery it is advisable to have system
monitoring and low voltage cut-out
Float charge ripple
Excessive ripple on the DC supply across a battery has the
effect of reducing life and performance
It is recommended therefore that voltage regulation across
the system including the load but without the battery
connected under steady state conditions shall be better
than 1 between 5 and 100 load
(I)
(II)
(III)
(I)
(II)
Duty Minimum end voltage
Transient and other ripple type excursions can be
accommodated provided that with the battery disconnected
but the load connected the system peak to peak voltage
including the regulation limits falls within 25 of the
recommended float voltage of the battery
Under no circumstances should the current flowing through
the battery when it is operating under float conditions
reverse into the discharge mode
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC)
products are covered by the EMC statement in
prEN 502261995 which reads as follows
Rechargeable cells or batteries are not sensitive to normal
electromagnetic disturbances and therefore no immunity
tests shall be required Free-standing rechargeable cells or
batteries electrically isolated from any associated electrical
system are for all practical purposes electromagnetically
inert and therefore the requirements for electromagnetic
compatibility shall be deemed to be satisfied
Note It should be noted that rechargeable cells or batteries are part
of an electrical system and the manner in which they are used could
invoke the requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility upon
that system In such cases the requirements of electromagnetic
compatibility shall be accommodated by the design of the system
Maintenance
Every month check that the total voltage at the battery
terminals is (N x 225V) for a temperature of 20
N = the number of cells in the battery and
225V = 20 float voltage
Once a year take a reading of the individual bloc voltages
in the battery A variation of 25 on individual voltages
from the average voltage is acceptable
The system must be checked once or twice a year
Principal factors affecting the life of recombination
batteries
Deep discharge
Poor control of the float voltage
Cycling or micro-cycling
Poor quality of charging current (excessive ripple)
High ambient temperature
VISION CTA
oC
oC
11
Warning
Front Terminal units are already charged when
delivered
They should be unpacked with care Avoid short circuiting
terminals of opposite polarity as these units are capable of
discharging at a very high current especially if the lid or the
container is damaged
Acid leakage and unusual appearance must be avoided before
switching on noting open circuit voltage
There must be appointed man operating for 24 hs after
switching on to solving potential problems in time
noting voltage and current
Unpacking
It is advisable to unpack all the monoblocs and accessories
before commencing to erect and not to unpack and erect
monobloc by monobloc
All items should be carefully checked against the
accompanying advice notes to ascertain if any are missing
Advise the Sales Department of any discrepancies
A rigid plastic insulating cover is provided which totally
protects the unit terminals This is factory fitted to all
products of the range and there is no need to remove it
until access to the terminals is required
Setting up the battery stands
The structure should be assembled in accordance with
instructions supplied with the equipment
To level the stand use the adjustable insulating feet
Mounting in a cabinet
Ensure that the cabinet
Is sufficiently strong to cope with the weight of the
battery
Is suitably insulated
Is naturally ventilated
Connecting the monoblocs
Torque setting
Tighten the nuts or bolts to the recommended levels of
torque indicated on the product label
VISION CTA Always use insulated tools for fitting and torquring up
battery connections
In series
The number of cells in series (N) will not affect the
selected float voltage per cell
Therefore charging float voltage = N x Cell float Voltage
No special circuit arrangements are required
In parallel
Using constant voltage chargers and ensuring that the
connections made between the charger and the batteries
have the same electrical resistance no special
arrangements have to be made for batteries in parallel
Although no special circuit arrangements are required
where the parallel connection is made at the charger or
distribution board to avoid out of step conditions
the bus bar run length and the area of cross section
should be designed so that the circuit resistance value
for each string is equal within limits 5
There is no technical reason for limiting the number of
strings but for practical installation reasons It is
recommended not allowed to exceed 3 strings in parallel
especially if the battery is used in high discharge rates
(backup time less than 15 mins)
General recommendations
Do not wear clothing of synthetic material to avoid static
generation
Use only a clean soft damp cloth for cleaning the
monoblocs Do not use chemicals or detergents
Use insulated tools
Commence installation at the least accessible point
Consult the drawing for the correct position of the
monobloc poles
Commissioning charge
Ensure that the batteries will be operated in a clean
environment
Before use the batteries should be charged at a constant
float voltage adjusted according to the ambient temperature
eg 135~138Vbattery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours or
alternatively a voltage of 144~147Vbattery at 20 can be
used to reduce the commissioning period from 24 to 15 hours
Where the batteries have been stored under harsh
conditions this increased voltage recharge is particularly
effective
oCoC
12
13
The VISION Front Terminal batterys compact
design and standard footprint suitable for 19rdquo
23rdquo and ETSI racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density
With all electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler and
quicker
Recharge of stored batteries
A refreshing charge shall be performed after this time at
135-138V battery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours
A current limit is not essential but for optimum charge
efficiency the current output of the charger can be limited
to 20 of the 10-hour rated capacity
The necessity of a refreshing charge can also be determined
by measuring the open circuit voltage of a stored battery
Refreshing charge is advised if the voltage drops below
210 volts per cell
Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly
reduced capacity and service life
oC
Storage conditions
Store the battery in a dry clean and preferably cool location
Storage time
As the batteries are supplied charged storage time is limited
In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged
storage it is advisable not to store batteries for more than
6 months at 20
3 months at 30
6 weeks at 40
Battery state of charge
The battery state of charge can be determined by measuring
the open-circuit voltage of cells in rest position for 24 hours
at 20
100 214Vpc
80 210Vpc
60 207Vpc
40 204Vpc
20 200Vpc
Open circuit voltage variation with temperature is 25mV
per 10
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
State of charge Voltage
Battery AccommodationBattery Storagewwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
14
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom
13
The VISION Front Terminal batterys compact
design and standard footprint suitable for 19rdquo
23rdquo and ETSI racking give users the benefit of
increased energy density
With all electrical connections at the front
installation and inspection are simpler and
quicker
Recharge of stored batteries
A refreshing charge shall be performed after this time at
135-138V battery at 20 for 48 to 96 hours
A current limit is not essential but for optimum charge
efficiency the current output of the charger can be limited
to 20 of the 10-hour rated capacity
The necessity of a refreshing charge can also be determined
by measuring the open circuit voltage of a stored battery
Refreshing charge is advised if the voltage drops below
210 volts per cell
Failure to observe these conditions may result in greatly
reduced capacity and service life
oC
Storage conditions
Store the battery in a dry clean and preferably cool location
Storage time
As the batteries are supplied charged storage time is limited
In order to easily charge the batteries after prolonged
storage it is advisable not to store batteries for more than
6 months at 20
3 months at 30
6 weeks at 40
Battery state of charge
The battery state of charge can be determined by measuring
the open-circuit voltage of cells in rest position for 24 hours
at 20
100 214Vpc
80 210Vpc
60 207Vpc
40 204Vpc
20 200Vpc
Open circuit voltage variation with temperature is 25mV
per 10
oC
oC
oC
oC
oC
State of charge Voltage
Battery AccommodationBattery Storagewwwvision-battcom
VISION Rechargeable Products
Sealed Lead Acid Battery
14
Communication Batterieswwwvision-battcom