css sahara 02 03 tech essays

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TECHNICAL ESSAY

SAHARA Series Compact Substation

MODELS:

24kV 36kV

SAHARA 500 SAHARA MAX-1

SAHARA 1000 SAHARA MAX-2

SAHARA 1600

SAHARA 2000

SAHARA 3000

1. General

SAHARA is a series of outside-operated compact secondary substations for voltages up to 36kV. They

have been designed and manufactured by ABB Electrical Industries Co. Ltd. of Saudi Arabia to withstand

all operating needs and special environmental conditions in the Gulf Cooperation Council Region, Middle

East countries and similar places.

The unit is a fully equipped package substation that includes outdoor housing, high voltage switchgear,

distribution transformer, low voltage panel, and internal wiring for lighting on all compartments, as suchonly the incoming cables need to be connected at site and the site works are kept to an absolute

minimum.

2. General Description

SAHARA substations are completely self-contained, factory assembled in a totally enclosed metal

cladding, weatherproof housing ready for placing into position upon a concrete base pad.

For SAHARA 500 up to 1600, the complete housing assembly is provided with four lifting eyes located on

the sloping roofs for easy lifting and positioning the whole unit at the site by the use of crane. While the

range from SAHARA 2000 up to MAX-2, the complete housing assembly is provided with four lifting lugs

located on the baseframe. The substation can be lifted without damage or distortion.

The housing of the kiosk is mainly made of corrosion resistant 2mm ALUZINK steel sheets. In the

ALUZINK, the steel provides strength while the aluminum and zinc alloy coating provides protection

against corrosion due to harsh environment conditions. In addition, 3mm galvanized steel sheets are

used for stronger support in the base frame or in the corner post. Last finish coat is powder paint of

polymer resin base color to RAL 7032 or RAL 7033. Other colors are available upon request.

Each substation contains three main equipment: transformer, MV switchgear and LV switchgear each is

contained in a separate compartment. The compartments are completely separated by ALUZINK steel

sheet. The barrier between the HV switchgear and the transformer is provided with pressure relief flaps.

PTMV - Medium Voltage EquipmentABB Electrical Industries Co. Ltd.Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

ABB


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All compartments are individually accessible by their own door from outside. Labyrinthian louvers with

sand traps at the bottom form the sidings of the transformer compartment to assure free entry and

exhaust of air, as such the inside temperature is kept within limits. The cooling of transformer is by

natural system. The substation is provided with a metallic ceiling as additional provision to diminish

heating due to solar radiation. Openings located at the lower and upper sides of the sloping roof allow air

circulation as part of the ventilation design.

For SAHARA 2000, 3000, and MAX1, the transformer is located in the middle of the substation while the

MV and LV compartments are located at both ends of the substation adjacent to the corresponding

bushings of the transformer. For MAX2, the transformer is located at one end while each switch/fuse-

switch and LV panel is located in the remaining compartments. Please refer to the dimension drawing,

sectional and plan views.

The outer doors of the kiosk are wide and provided with gas spring stoppers. They are provided with

heavy-duty hinges to prevent distortion and misalignment. Locks are provided with door swing handles.

When they are closed, they are firmly locked as such entry of dust, vermin and rainwater is completely

prevented. The MV doors are provided with a drawing pocket, one danger sign and ABB weatherproof

nameplate. All compartments are equipped with internal lighting controlled by their respective door micro-

switches. Danger signs are located outside the substation doors.

Protection degrees:

HV compartment : IP 43 (IP 54 on request)

Transformer compartment : IP 23

LV compartment : IP 43 (IP 54 on request

3. MV Compartment

This compartment can be equipped with wide varieties of MV switchgear. For voltages up to 24kV,

standard SF6 insulated ring main units (RMU) like ABB SAFERING can be provided. SAFERING is a

family of non-extensible, type tested RMU with different configurations. The basic configuration isSAFERING CCF which consist of two load break switches and one switch-fuse combination for

transformer protection, all contained in a single sealed tank. Other combinations are CCV, CCCF, CCCV,

CCFF, and CCVV.

Whenever extensible compact switchgear is required, ABB SAFEPLUS SF6 insulated switchgear can be

provided for voltages up to 24kV. SAFEPLUS module range covers all required applications such as

switches, fuse-switches, circuit breaker, sectionalizer, and metering panel.

For voltages up to 36kV, ABB CSF2 SF6 insulated switchgear can be provided to protect the distribution

transformer. Load break switches and circuit breaker modules can be combined together in different

arrangements as per customer needs.

Alternatively, air insulated switch and fused switch option is also available for voltages up to 36kV. ABB

NAL switch and ABB NALF fuse switch disconnectors can be used in different configurations in order to

provide the required protection, metering, and switching needs in the MV side of the substation. Each

switch/fuse-switch can be equipped with a mechanically interlocked earthing switch with making

capacity.

4. Transformer Compartment

This compartment is specially designed to provide the transformer with sufficient volume of airflow for

cooling through adequately sized and professionally designed ventilation openings. These opening

located on both sides of the compartment are uniquely designed to trap the sand from entering the

compartment, hence, they are called sand traps.


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The compartment is provided with a pressure relief system integrated in the ceiling/roof. As an option, a

floor mesh can be provided to prevent entry of small animals and other foreign objects, while assuring

continuous airflow and circulation.

Oil-immersed or dry type transformers can be accommodated on this compartment.

5. Low Voltage Section

This compartment contains the Low Voltage Distribution Board (LVDB), which is fed from the secondary

side of the transformer. The LVDB can be designed in different arrangements and configurations in order

to suit any specific application. Copper busbars are provided for the phases and neutral suitable to the

transformer secondary voltage and current ratings. A ground bus linked to the neutral bus is also

provided.

The following equipment can be accommodated inside the panel:

Air circuit breakers (ACBs)

Moulded case circuit breakers (MCCBs)

LV Fuse switches / Fuse ways

Instrumentation and metering

Automatic transfer scheme (ATS) Street lighting system

6. Grounding System

The substation forms a complete metallic structure bolted together and each compartment is provided

with grounding busbars. Bonding and interconnection of the grounding buses are made of 70mm2 bare

stranded copper conductors. The ring main unit (RMU) as well as the low voltage panel (LVDB) is

provided with grounding bus from which connection to the grounding system at site can be made.

-ooOoo-

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