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CONGESTION MANAGEMENT IN TRANSMISSION LINES USING
THYRISTOR CONTROLLED SERIES COMPENSATOR (TCSC)
Presented byC.S.Chitra
Roll. No.03M.Tech-PEPS
Guided byMs. Sarin BabyAsst. Professor
EEE Department
Contents• Introduction• Literature Review• Problem Formulation• Brief outline of Thesis• Problem Tackling Methods• Project Design Plan• Outline of Software • Time schedule• Conclusion• Bibliography
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Objective
• To study the effect of TCSC in transmission line for congestion management by
1. Modeling six bus system using MATPOWER
2. Analyze the system without contingency based on loss reduction
3. Modeling TCSC and analyze the system without contingency
4.Modeling TCSC and analyzing the system with contingency using sensitivity method and GA
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IntroductionModern electric power utilities are facing many
challenges due to ever increasing complexity in their operation and structure
With the lack of new generation and transmission
facilities and over exploitation of the existing facilities make these types of problems more imminent in modern power systems
Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers use thyristor switching devices to provide greater control, speed and flexibility of ac transmission systems
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Contd..
FACTS devices can be used to control the power flows in heavily loaded lines
One of the best innovated FACTS devices is the Thyristor controlled series compensator (TCSC) .
TCSC finds applications in power flow control, transient stability improvement, power oscillation damping, sub-synchronous resonance
Congestion refers to the overloading of lines due to increased electric power consumption
This thesis analyze the effect of TCSC in congestion management of the power system
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Literature Review
Different methods of optimal location of TCSC is done by various authors
From the review, [1]-[6] deals with the congestion management in transmission lines using FACTS devices
In [7] an algorithm for congestion management using OPF is done,[8] presented an Improved Evolutionary Programming approach which determines the optimal placement of multi-type of FACTS devices
The optimal location of FACTS devices using sensitivity method is explained in[10-12]
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Contd..
The optimal location of TCSC is determined using GA is presented in [13-15]
Particle swarm optimization and neural network methods [16-20] are also used to determine the optimal location of TCSC in power systems
Various authors had done the optimal location of combination of series compensators [21-23] using the above methods
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Problem Formulation
Modeling of IEEE six bus system in MATPOWERAnalyze the results after the power flowModeling of TCSC and determine the optimal
location using sensitivity method To find the optimal location of TCSC in transmission
line using GAValidate the results by Power World Simulator
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Brief Outline of Thesis
1. Modeling and Analysis of IEEE six bus system without contingency
2. Modeling of TCSC for power flow control: fixed impedance and variable impedance modes of operation
3. Solution to the allocation problem based on power loss reduction technique
4. Modeling and analysis of IEEE six bus system with contingency
5. Modeling of TCSC for congestion management: fixed impedance mode and variable impedance modes of operation
6. Solution to the allocation problem with contingency
a. Classical method- Sensitivity method
b . Heuristic method-GA
7.Validation of the results using power world simulator9
Details of the study system(IEEE 6-bus system)
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The resistance and reactance of the transmission line [24] in per unit is given in the table
Bus Data
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Modeling and Analysis of IEEE six bus system without contingency
The IEEE six bus system is modeled in MATPOWER
Power flow analysis is done by N-R method
From the analysis voltage magnitude, angle and total real and reactive power loss of bus and branches can be calculated
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Results
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TOTAL LOSS BRANCH DATA
TOTAL LOSS BUS DATA
TOTAL LOSS LOAD DATA
P (MW) Q (MVar) P (MW)Q (gen)(MVar)
P(MW)
Q (load)(MVar)
7.875 24.17 217.88 179.94 210.0 210.00
Normal case:
Modeling of TCSC for power flow control without contingency
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Fig. 1: Single-line diagram of the basic TCSC module
The active power transferred by the transmission system is given by , P=(V1V2/X12)Sin ᵟ
Modes of Operation
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Three modes of operation•Thyristor blocked•Thyristor bypassed•Vernier operation
Fig. 2: The TCSC reactance vs firing angle
Operating principle of TCSC
Thyristor blocked mode
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Fig. 3: Diagram of the TCSC operating under thyristor blocked mode
Thyristor bypassed mode
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Fig. 4: Diagram of the TCSC operating under thyristor blocked mode
Thyristor Vernier mode
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Fig. 5: Diagram of the TCSC operating under capacitive vernier operation mode
Contd..Vernier mode (90o<α<180o)
1.Inductive Vernier mode (90o<α < α res)
2.Capacitive Vernier mode (α res< α<180o )
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is a parameter of TCSC
is the conduction angle
Losses after compensation
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Sl.No P(MW) Q(Mvar) P(MW) Q(Mvar) P(MW) Q(Mvar)
Line1 8.145 23.95 218.14 179.73 210 210
Line2 7.621 22.66 217.62 178.36 210 210
Line3 7.717 22.77 217.72 178.45 210 210
Line4 7.905 24.23 217.9 180 210210
Line5 8.057 23.32 218.06 178.96210
210
Line6 7.861 23.58 217.86 217.86210 210
Line7 7.932 23.56 217.93 217.93 210 210
Line8 8.122 23.65 218.12 218.12 210 210
Line9 7.805 22.96 217.81 217.81 210 210
Line10 7.886 24.16 217.89 217.89 210 210
line11 7.870 24.17 217.87 217.87 210 210
Problem Tackling Methods
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The thesis is concerned with the congestion management in transmission lines using TCSC and the various steps are
Using MATPOWER, modeling of IEEE six bus system without and with contingency
Modeling of TCSC and allocation of TCSC based on loss reduction technique (without contingency) using MATPOWER
Modeling of TCSC and allocation of TCSC using classical method- Sensitivity method (with congestion)
Optimal location of TCSC using heuristic method GA Validation of the results by Power world simulator
Design Plans
Design of TCSC is to be made assuming 25% compensation
The modeling of the system is done by MATPOWER
Optimal location of TCSC to be determined by GAThe results are validated by power world simulator
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Outline of Software
MATPOWER and Power world simulator are used
MATPOWER program is used to calculate the total losses in the bus and the branch
Power world simulator is used to indicate the power flow
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Time Schedule
Sl. No. WORK TIME
1 Data collection and Literature survey 1 month 2 Power World Simulator 1 month
3Modeling of 6 bus system in PWS and MAPOWER under normal and contingency conditions.
1 month
4 Design of TCSC and implementation in 6 bus system 1 month
5Design of TCSC and implementation in 6 bus system 1 month
6 GA to obtain optimal location of TCSC 2 months
Conclusion
Modeling of IEEE six bus system without contingency has been done
Modeling of TCSC under fixed capacitance mode is carried out and the results are analyzed using MATPOWER (without congestion)
If there is no congestion the location of TCSC can be decided on the basis of reducing losses but it is inadequate during congestion
The next phase is to determine the optimal location of TCSC using sensitivity method and GA during congestion
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Bibliography[1] V. P. Rajderkar, Dr. V.K. Chandrakar, “Optimal Location of Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator (TCSC) for Congestion Management",
IE (I) Journal-EL, vol 90, dec 2009 pp.30-35, 2010
[2] Seyed Abbas Taher, Hadi Besharat, "Transmission Congestion Management by Determining Optimal Location Of FACTS devices in Deregulated Power Systems”, Am. J. Applied Sci.,vol. 5, pp.242-247, 2008
[3] N. G. Hingorani and L. Gyugyi, Understanding FACTS: Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission System, IEEE Press.2000
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[5] Mazilah Binti Rahman, Goro Fujita, “Overview of Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor (TCSC) in power transmission system”, IEEE Transactions on power systems, vol.14,pp.23-29,2000
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[6] S. Surender Reddy, M. Sailaja kumari, M. Sydulu, "Congestion management in Deregulated power system by optimal choice and allocation of FACTS controllers using Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm", IEEE Transactions on power systems, vol.10, 2010.[7] K. Vijayakumar, "Optimal location of FACTS devices for congestion management in Deregulated power systems", International Journal of Computer Applications, vol.16-No.6, Feb.2011[8] Weerakorn Ongsakul and Peerapol Jirapong, "optimal placement of multi-type FACTS devices for total transfer capability enhancement using Improved Evolutionary Programming"IEEE transactions on power systems,vol.20, may1995[9] D. Venu Madhava Chary and J. Amarnath, "Complex neural network approach to optimal location of FACTS devices for Transfer capability Enhancement", ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences ,vol. 5, No. 1, Jan 2010[10] S. N. Singh and A. K. David,” Optimal Location of FACTS devices for congestion management”, Electric power system research, vol.58, 2001, pp.71-75
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[11] Manasarani Mandala & C. P. Gupta, "Congestion management by optimal placement of FACTS device", American Journal of Applied Sciences, vol.18, pp.23-27,1998
[12] Muwaffaq I. Alomoush," Multicriteria selection of optimal location of TCSC in a competitive Energy Market", Journal of Electrical Engineering, vol. 61, No.3, pp.129-140,2010
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[16] M. Saravanan, S. Mary Raja Slochanal, P. Venkatesh, Prince Stephen Abraham .J, “Application of PSO technique for optimal location of FACTS devices considering system Loadability and cost of Installation", Power Engineering Conference,vol.2, Dec.2005[17] S. Mary Raja Slochanal, M. Saravanan and A. Chitra Devi, "Application of PSO technique to find the optimal settings of TCSC for static security enhancement considering Installation cost”, Power Engineering Conference,vol.3.june 2009[18] Hossein Hashemzadeh, Seyed Hamid Hosseini, "Locating series FACTS devices using line outage sensitivity factors and particle swarm optimization for congestion management", IEEE transactions on power systems,vol.6, 2009[19] G.I. Rasheed, H.I. Shaheen and S.J. Cheng, “Evolutionary Optimization Techniques for optimal location and parameter settings of TCSC under single line contingency”, IEEE Trans. On power electronics, vol.8, mar.2008[20] V. P. Rajderkar and V. K. Chandrakar, " Comparison of series FACTS devices via optimal location in a power system for congestion management" IE(I) Journal-EL, vol.90, dec.2009 pp.30-35
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[21] M.A. Furini and P.B. De Araujo," A comparative study of the damping Oscillation Function of TCSC and UPFC", IEEE Trans. On power delivery, pp 1629-1634, 2008
[22] Siddhartha Panda and N. P. Padhy,"MATLAB/SIMULINK based model of single- machine infinite bus with TCSC for stability studies and tuning employing GA", World academy of science, Engineering and Technology,vol.14,dec. 2007
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THANK YOU
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