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Topic Topic CRUISE MISSILESCRUISE MISSILES

GROUP MEMBERSGROUP MEMBERS

REHAN AHMEDREHAN AHMED 04-CP-53 04-CP-53

SHAHID ABBASSHAHID ABBAS

04-CP-6704-CP-67

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TOPIC CONTENTSTOPIC CONTENTS

WHAT ARE MISSILESWHAT ARE MISSILES

HISTORY OF CRUISE MISSILEHISTORY OF CRUISE MISSILE

HOW CRUISE MISSILE WORKSHOW CRUISE MISSILE WORKS

CRUISE MISSILE STRIKES CRUISE MISSILE STRIKES

NEW ADVANCEMENTS IN CRUISE NEW ADVANCEMENTS IN CRUISE MISSILEMISSILE

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MISSILESMISSILES

Missile is a weapon or object that Missile is a weapon or object that is thrown at a target is thrown at a target

or or A projectile that is, something A projectile that is, something

thrown or otherwise propelled. thrown or otherwise propelled. Missiles can range from a rock Missiles can range from a rock

thrown from a slingshot, through thrown from a slingshot, through a crossbow or ballista bolt, to a a crossbow or ballista bolt, to a stinger missile which is launched stinger missile which is launched by launcher. by launcher.

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TYPES OF MISSILES

There are two types of missilesThere are two types of missiles

GUIDED MISSILESGUIDED MISSILES which are guided which are guided through some remote controls e.g. through some remote controls e.g. cruise missilecruise missile

UNGUIDED OR BALLISTICUNGUIDED OR BALLISTIC MISSILES MISSILES

which move freely to the target & can't which move freely to the target & can't be controlled after launching e.g. be controlled after launching e.g. missiles of tankmissiles of tank

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HISTORYOF HISTORYOF TOMAHAWK CRUISE TOMAHAWK CRUISE

MISSILEMISSILE Tomahawk®Tomahawk® cruise missiles was designed to cruise missiles was designed to fly at extremely low altitudes at high fly at extremely low altitudes at high subsonic speeds, and could be piloted over subsonic speeds, and could be piloted over an evasive route by guidance systems. an evasive route by guidance systems.

In 1995 the governments ofIn 1995 the governments of the United States and the United States and United Kingdom signed United Kingdom signed a Foreign Military Sales a Foreign Military Sales Agreement for the acquisitionAgreement for the acquisition of 65missiles,marking the first sale of of 65missiles,marking the first sale of

Tomahawk®Tomahawk® to a foreign country. to a foreign country. After a After a November 1998 launch and live warhead November 1998 launch and live warhead test, the U.K. declared operational capability. test, the U.K. declared operational capability.

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TOMAHAWK CRUISE TOMAHAWK CRUISE MISSILEMISSILE

The The Tomahawk®Tomahawk® Land Attack Land Attack Missile (TLAM) is a long range, Missile (TLAM) is a long range, subsonic cruise missile used for subsonic cruise missile used for land attack warfare, launched from land attack warfare, launched from U. S. Navy surface ships and U.S. U. S. Navy surface ships and U.S. Navy and Royal Navy submarines. Navy and Royal Navy submarines. The first operational use was in The first operational use was in Operation Desert Storm,Operation Desert Storm, 1991, with 1991, with immense success. The missile has immense success. The missile has since been used successfully in since been used successfully in several other conflicts. several other conflicts.

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TOMAHAWK CRUISE TOMAHAWK CRUISE MISSILEMISSILE

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PARTS OF TOMAHAWK PARTS OF TOMAHAWK CRUISE MSSILECRUISE MSSILE

A tomahawk cruise missile has A tomahawk cruise missile has following sections in its structuresfollowing sections in its structures

Guidance sectionGuidance section Forward body pay load sectionForward body pay load section Forward body 4-foot sectionForward body 4-foot section Mid body sectionMid body section Aft-body sectionAft-body section Propulsion sectionPropulsion section Rocket motor Rocket motor

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Parts of cruise missileParts of cruise missile

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FEATURESFEATURES

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TERCOM AND DSMACTERCOM AND DSMAC

The The Tomahawk®Tomahawk® uses an Inertial Navigation uses an Inertial Navigation System (INS) aided by Terrain Contour System (INS) aided by Terrain Contour Matching (TERCOM) for missile navigation.Matching (TERCOM) for missile navigation.

The TERCOM radar uses a stored map The TERCOM radar uses a stored map reference to compare with the actual terrain reference to compare with the actual terrain to determine the missile's position to determine the missile's position

TLAM-N contains the W80 nuclear warhead. TLAM-N contains the W80 nuclear warhead. Tomahawk®Tomahawk® Block III adds Digital Scene Block III adds Digital Scene

Matching Area Correlation (DSMAC) Terminal Matching Area Correlation (DSMAC) Terminal guidance in the target area is provided by the guidance in the target area is provided by the optical optical Digital Scene Matching Area Digital Scene Matching Area CorrelationCorrelation (DSMAC) system, which compares (DSMAC) system, which compares a stored image of target with the actual a stored image of target with the actual target image. target image.

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GLOBAL POSITIONING GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEMSYSTEM

Tomahawk®Tomahawk® Block IV the next Block IV the next generation generation Tomahawk®Tomahawk® cruise cruise missile adds the capability to missile adds the capability to reprogram the missile while in-reprogram the missile while in-flight to strike any of 15 pre-flight to strike any of 15 pre-programmed alternate targets or programmed alternate targets or redirect the missile to any Global redirect the missile to any Global Positioning System (GPS) target Positioning System (GPS) target coordinates. coordinates.

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ON-BOARD CAMERAON-BOARD CAMERA

It also will be able to loiter over a target It also will be able to loiter over a target area, and with its on-board camera, will area, and with its on-board camera, will allow the war fighting commanders to allow the war fighting commanders to assess target.first launch of the Block IV assess target.first launch of the Block IV Tomahawk® from an operational Tomahawk® from an operational surface ship equipped with the surface ship equipped with the Tactical Tactical Tomahawk™Tomahawk™ Weapon Control System Weapon Control System took place on 5 April 2003 from took place on 5 April 2003 from USS USS StethemStethem (DDG 63) off southern (DDG 63) off southern California. California.

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DIFFERENT PARTS OF DIFFERENT PARTS OF TOMAHAWKCRUSIE TOMAHAWKCRUSIE

MISSILEMISSILE

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DATASHEETDATASHEET

Primary FunctionPrimary Function: : long-range subsonic long-range subsonic cruise missile for striking high value or cruise missile for striking high value or heavily defended land targets.heavily defended land targets.

ContractorContractor: : Raytheon Systems Company, Raytheon Systems Company, Tucson, Ariz.Tucson, Ariz.

Unit CostUnit Cost: : approximately $569,000 (FY99 $)approximately $569,000 (FY99 $) Length:Length: 18 feet 3 inches (5.56 meters); with 18 feet 3 inches (5.56 meters); with

booster: 20 feet 6 inches (6.25 meters)booster: 20 feet 6 inches (6.25 meters) WeightWeight: : 2,900 pounds (1,315.44 kg); 3,500 2,900 pounds (1,315.44 kg); 3,500

pounds (1,587.6 kg) with boosterpounds (1,587.6 kg) with booster Diameter:Diameter: 20.4 inches (51.81 cm)20.4 inches (51.81 cm) Wing SpanWing Span: : 8 feet 9 inches (2.67 meters)8 feet 9 inches (2.67 meters)

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RANGE AND SPEEDRANGE AND SPEED

Range:Range: 1 Block II TLAM-A – 1350 nautical miles 1 Block II TLAM-A – 1350 nautical miles

(1500 statute miles, 2500 km)(1500 statute miles, 2500 km)22 Block III TLAM-C - 900 nautical miles Block III TLAM-C - 900 nautical miles

(1000 statute miles, 1600 km)(1000 statute miles, 1600 km)33 Block III TLAM-D - 700 nautical miles Block III TLAM-D - 700 nautical miles

(800 statute miles, 1250 km)(800 statute miles, 1250 km)44 Block IV TLAM-E - 900 nautical miles Block IV TLAM-E - 900 nautical miles

(1000 statute miles, 1600 km)(1000 statute miles, 1600 km) Speed:Speed: Subsonic - about 550 mph Subsonic - about 550 mph

(880 km/h)(880 km/h)

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DEPLOYED DATESDEPLOYED DATES

Date Deployed:Date Deployed: Block II TLAM-A IOC - 1984Block II TLAM-A IOC - 1984

Block III – IOC 1994Block III – IOC 1994

Block IV – IOC 2004 Block IV – IOC 2004

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TOMAHAWK VARIENTSTOMAHAWK VARIENTS

The Tomahawk is a mature missile The Tomahawk is a mature missile weapons system with Block II and III, weapons system with Block II and III, C (unitary warhead) and D versions C (unitary warhead) and D versions in fleet use. These two variants of in fleet use. These two variants of Tomahawk cruise missile are Tomahawk cruise missile are distinguished by their warhead; distinguished by their warhead; TLAM-C has a conventional unitary TLAM-C has a conventional unitary warhead, and TLAM-D has a warhead, and TLAM-D has a conventional sub munitions warhead. conventional sub munitions warhead. Both are identical in appearance, but Both are identical in appearance, but different in capabilitiesdifferent in capabilities

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TOMAHAWK VARIENTSTOMAHAWK VARIENTS

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TOMAHAWK TOMAHAWK OPERATINAOL USAGEOPERATINAOL USAGE

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OPERATION DESERT OPERATION DESERT STORMSTORM

Tomahawk was used extensively Tomahawk was used extensively during Desert Storm in 1991, in during Desert Storm in 1991, in Iraq in January and June 1993, in Iraq in January and June 1993, in Bosnia (Deliberate Force) in 1995 Bosnia (Deliberate Force) in 1995 and in Iraq (Desert Strike) in and in Iraq (Desert Strike) in 1996. Four hundred Block II and 1996. Four hundred Block II and Block III missiles were fired on Block III missiles were fired on five separate occasions. five separate occasions.

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IRAQ AND IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN WARAFGHANISTAN WAR

In most recent attacks on In most recent attacks on Afghanistan and Iraq, America Afghanistan and Iraq, America depended mostly on cruise depended mostly on cruise missiles to attack different targets missiles to attack different targets . Success rates for both strikes . Success rates for both strikes were above 90%. In all, were above 90%. In all, Tomahawks firing power shows a Tomahawks firing power shows a greater than 85% Accuracy rate. greater than 85% Accuracy rate.

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STRIKE BY TWO CRUIS STRIKE BY TWO CRUIS MISSILEMISSILE

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ADVANCEMENTS IN ADVANCEMENTS IN CRUISE MISSILECRUISE MISSILE

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FURTHUR FURTHUR ADVANCEMENTS IN ADVANCEMENTS IN

CRUISE MISSILECRUISE MISSILE ON June 12 2001, the BrahMos cruise ON June 12 2001, the BrahMos cruise

missile took off from its launcher at missile took off from its launcher at Chandipur-on-Sea, Orissa, and reached Chandipur-on-Sea, Orissa, and reached a speed of upto a speed of upto Mach 2Mach 2, it became the , it became the first ever supersonic cruise missile that first ever supersonic cruise missile that used used liquid ram jet technology.. The The missile, with a missile, with a range of 280 kmrange of 280 km, , weighed weighed three tonnesthree tonnes The BrahMos will The BrahMos will not carry nuclear warheads because it not carry nuclear warheads because it is an anti-ship missile that can be is an anti-ship missile that can be launched from ships, submarines, launched from ships, submarines, aircraft and land . The BrahMos missile aircraft and land . The BrahMos missile is a product of an is a product of an Indo-RussianIndo-Russian joint joint venture known by the same name. venture known by the same name.

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THE BrahMos CRUISE THE BrahMos CRUISE MISSILEMISSILE

The BrahMos missile, The BrahMos missile, travelling at 2.8 to three travelling at 2.8 to three times the speed of sound times the speed of sound (Mach 2.8 to 3), is three (Mach 2.8 to 3), is three times faster than a times faster than a subsonic cruise missile subsonic cruise missile such as the Tomahawk of such as the Tomahawk of the U.S.the U.S.

It has nine times the kill It has nine times the kill power because the kill power because the kill power is proportional to the power is proportional to the square of the velocity. square of the velocity.

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PAKISTAN’S EFFORTS PAKISTAN’S EFFORTS FOR CRUISE MISSILEFOR CRUISE MISSILE

Pakistan is all set to achieve a major Pakistan is all set to achieve a major breakthrough in missile technology by conducting breakthrough in missile technology by conducting test of its first cruise missile in end September.test of its first cruise missile in end September.

It is believed that this cruise missile will cater to It is believed that this cruise missile will cater to the needs of Pakistan Navy in order to the needs of Pakistan Navy in order to significantly enhance its long-range strike significantly enhance its long-range strike abilities.It is believed that range of this missile abilities.It is believed that range of this missile can be upto 300km (within the MTCR range) and can be upto 300km (within the MTCR range) and can carry both conventional and nuclear can carry both conventional and nuclear warheads. warheads.

It is designed to fly at extremely low altitudes at It is designed to fly at extremely low altitudes at high speeds and is piloted over an evasive route high speeds and is piloted over an evasive route by several mission tailored guidance systems. It by several mission tailored guidance systems. It will have the capability to hit high value or heavily will have the capability to hit high value or heavily guarded targets. One of its special features is that guarded targets. One of its special features is that this essentially anti-ship missile can be launched this essentially anti-ship missile can be launched from ground, ship, submarine or air.from ground, ship, submarine or air.

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THE ENDTHE END..