crucial role of the full value chain and smes in ... - egvi · swot analysis (2) threads (barriers)...
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CRUCIAL ROLE OF THE FULL VALUE CHAIN AND SMEs IN BATTERY MANUFACTURING
Joint EC /European Green Cars Initiative PPP Expert Workshop 2011
Europe’s Strengths, Competencies and Job Opportunities in Electric Vehicle Battery Manufacturing
Brussels, 7th December 2011
Asociación Española de Fabricantes de
Equipos y Componentes para Automoción
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Contents
1. The Automotive Value Chain: Current and Potential Actors in EV Supply Chain
2. SMEs Role in the Automotive Value Chain
3. Opportunities in EV Battery Manufacturing
4. Conclusions
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1. The Automotive Value Chain: Current and Potential Actors in EV
Supply Chain
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The European Automotive Supply Chain
• Suppliers are responsible of 70-75% of the value of the vehicle
• Suppliers spend 50% of the R&D costs
• Approx. 70-80% of the suppliers are SMEs, mainly TIER2 and TIER3.
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Vehicle Manufacturers
OEMs
TIER 1
TIER 2 – TIER 3
SMEs
EVs: Current and Potential Actors
The deployment of Electric Vehicles represents:
• A thread for companies involved in the manufacturing of components for
systems related to the ICE: combustion engines, exhaust systems, starter
motors, fuel tanks, fuel injection systems, etc.
• A opportunity for current actors involved in:
Electric and electronic components
Powertrain and drivetrain systems: alternative options (range extenders)
Battery development and manufacturing
Electric auxiliaries (AC, heating, etc)
Manufacturing of metal and polymeric parts (stamping, casting, injection
and extrusion, welding and sealing techniques, etc) and isolating
materials
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EVs: Current and Potential Actors
• A opportunity for newcomers involved in:
e-motor development and manufacturing and control strategies
Development and manufacturing of energy storage systems:
batteries, supercapacitors, thermal management, BMS, energy
management systems
Power electronics and communication systems
New vehicle concepts
New business models (battery, vehicle ownership and operation,
etc)
Will the EV involve significant changes in the current supply
chain structure?
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2. SMEs Role in the Automotive Supply Chain
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SWOT Analysis (1)
Strengths • Competitiveness in niche
market and specialized products and in short series and customised products
• Proactivity to change
• Light organizational structures that facilitate adoption of strategic decisions
• Personnel motivation
• Former experience and knowledge of automotive quality procedures
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Weaknesses
• Strong difficulties in getting financial support for new investments, key for setting medium and long term strategies
• Difficulties to compete in “mass-products”
SWOT Analysis (2)
Threads (Barriers)
• Products with high development costs or high investment costs for serial manufacturing
• EV market evolution: terms for the return on the investments
• Regulation and standardization of EV components
• Product and process quality procedures in the automotive sector
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Opportunities
• High number of EV models announced
• Suppliers location near the vehicles assembly plants
• Broad range of new components and subassemblies demanded and forecasted
3. Opportunities in EV Battery Manufacturing
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EV Battery Cycle: From Raw Materials to Recycling
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Materials and components
Cell manufacturing
Module assembly
Battery design and assembly for specific EVs
Charging, monitoring and energy management
system
Battery testing, handling and maintenance
2nd battery life
Dismantling and recycling
Batteries for EVs in Europe: Current Situation
• Active materials and cell components: Large EU companies involved in RTD projects
• Cell manufacturing: Mainly in Asia (Japan, Korea, China). High barriers due to high initial investment costs and large production scales
• Module assembly: OEMs and TIER1 suppliers have concluded agreements mainly with Asian battery manufacturers.
• Battery design and assembly for specific EV applications: Packaging, thermal management, BMS. Ongoing plans to establish battery plants in Europe
• Charging, monitoring and energy management system: Charge control and optimisation of battery working conditions
• Battery dismantling and recycling: Industrialisation just started (UMICORE). RTD projects under the GC initiative
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Opportunities for SMEs
• Active materials and cell components:
o Linked to supply to “big” cell manufacturers
o Potential opportunities for specific components
• Module assembly:
o Linked to product standardisation or to specific customer demands
o Cables and connectors, electronic devices
o Opportunities in small series
• Battery design and assembly for specific EV applications:
o Work linked to vehicle manufacturers (i.e. new light vehicles, microcars, buses, vehicles for urban services)
o Hybrid energy storage systems
o Toolings and machinery for prototypes and first series assembly
o Components for thermal management systems and BMS software design
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Opportunities for SMEs
• Charging, monitoring and energy management system:
o Software for specific applications, with existing hardware and electronic
components
o Development of algorithms for optimisation of energy flow for each vehicle
under the specific utilisation conditions
• 2nd battery life:
o Reconditioning for other applications (resell, remanufacturing, reuse)
o Increasing range of energy storage applications: Stationary, quick charge
stations, etc.
• Battery dismantling and recycling:
o Sorting of components (cell/electronics, etc.) to facilitate selective recycling
o Recovery of scarce and rare materials is expensive and large scale demanding
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Other Business Opportunities
• Battery testing, handling and maintenance:
o Vehicle dealers and independent repair services
• Training:
o Engineers and electrochemists for battery development and
industrialisation, modelling and simulation
o Vocational training for battery handling, testing, maintenance and
reconditioning, emergency and rescue services
• Battery information services about energy storage systems
• ICT solutions for new business models:
o Battery renting, information exchange (owner/user/charging operator)
o EV fleet maintenance and operation (including battery swap)
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4. Conclusions
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Conclusions
• Development and manufacturing of EV Batteries is a field in which Europe is far from Asian countries, that took the lead in product development and commercialization of batteries for consumer applications.
• Batteries are a key element in EV deployment: performance and affordability are a must to fulfil the goals for the electrification of road transport.
• To succeed, European OEMs and TIER1s need that the whole value chain is able to supply new products and technologies in the terms and volumes demanded, according to the market evolution.
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Conclusions
• In smaller volumes, market niches and customised
products, SMEs can provide clear advantages in terms of
agile response and economic efficiency.
• To overcome the barriers and take advantage of the
opportunities SMEs need:
o Financial resources: funding of innovation programmes and
access to BEI facilities
o Collaborative work with other actors of the value chain
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Spanish Green Cars Support Action
• Support action to promote Spanish participation in the European Green Cars Initiative
• Funded by CDTI, Interempresas Internacional (2009-2011)
www.fp7greencars.es (ES/EN)
• Directory (enterprises & RTD performers)
• Events
• Documentation
• Links
• Projects
• Contact: [email protected]
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