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The Use of GIS in Geological Research and Exploration in Egypt
Islam El-DeekID # 201004520
CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111Term Paper Presentation
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Outline
O Introduction
O GIS in Egypt
O GIS Application in Geological Research and
Exploration
O A Case Study from Egypt
O Conclusion
O Q & A
CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111 Term Paper Presentation
212/27/2011
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What’s GIS
O A geographic information system (GIS)
integrates hardware, software, and data for
capturing, managing, analyzing, and
displaying all forms of geographically
referenced information.
CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111 Term Paper Presentation
312/27/2011
http://www.gis.com/content/what-gis
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What’s GIS
O GIS allows us to view, understand, question,
interpret, and visualize data in many ways
that reveal relationships, patterns, and
trends in the form of maps, globes, reports,
and charts.
12/27/2011CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111 Term Paper Presentation
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GIS in Egypt
O First GIS projects: Early 1980s (Ahmed, 2009)
O Egyptian government has drawn on GIS
technology in a number of promising
projects in various disciplines throughout
Egypt
O Information Technology Institute (ITI)
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GIS in Egypt
12/27/2011CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111 Term Paper Presentation
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Number of GIS Organizations, since ITI was established (Ahmed, 2009)
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GIS in Geological Research and Exploration
12/27/2011CRP 514: Introduction to GIS - Term 111 Term Paper Presentation
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Requirements Advantages
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Requirements
O (Mazzo, and Burroughs, 2000) defined the 7
main features required of a GIS for regional
geological studies
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Requirements
O Have the ability to deal with many different
formats of mappable and non-mappable
data
O Encompass coordinate systems that can be
easily rescaled and transformed
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Requirements
O Be able to readily organize large volumes of
information.
A given regional study may be composed of
1000 or more products
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Requirements
O Provide a database which stores meaningful
geological information (attributes) for map
features, such as
faults
field closures
geological polygons
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Requirements
O Have the ability to digitally overlay and
suture layers of data together into new
graphic and tabular relationships
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Requirements
O Have the ability to store metadata
O Have the ability to provide high-quality
graphic output
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Advantages
O All spatial information is available for
interpretation in essentially one system.
The GIS database acts as a digital light table,
allowing different layers of information to be
combined to help constrain new
interpretations
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Advantages
O New maps can be created from old maps
O Multiple products can be easily “zippered.”
Regional studies covering multiple basins are
often compiled on a geographic or thematic
basis
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Advantages
O The capability to develop early correlations
between hydrocarbon occurrence and
mapped geology This correlation helps to better define
hydrocarbon plays, petroleum systems, and
the ultimate quality or potential of basins for
further exploration
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Advantages
O The system is self-documenting
loading the data into a standard database
and cataloging layers and maps in a standard
archival structure results in a largely
documented study by the end of a project
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Advantages
O ) Projects are completed at a reduced cost
compared to more traditional methods
the cost of a regional study completed using
GIS methodology will be 80% of the cost of
completing the same study by conventional
methods
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Case Study
O Monitoring some environmental impacts of
oil industry on coastal zone using different
remotely sensed data
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Study Area
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Materials and Methodology
O Satellite imagery data
O Ground geophysical survey
O Water and soil sampling and analyses
Surface water samples
Groundwater samples
Soil samples
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El ti f th t d
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Lithology map of the study area (EGPC/CONOCO-Coral, 1987)
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Change in water body including sabkha boundary in the study area through
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Conclusion
O This study applied different remotely sensed
data, with the field investigations and
measurements in a GIS environment
O the investigations proved that there has
been a detectable negative impact on the
groundwater quality
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Conclusion
O The applied methodology and techniques
proved the feasibility of using different
remotely sensed data, field investigations
and measurements in a GIS environment for
pollution monitoring and environmental
management