hm¿-Ø-Iƒ \-m-ep-]m-Sp- \n-∂p-w-2009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛14 I sIm-®n- I ]p-kv-X-Iw- 03 I e-°-w- 05 I t]-Pv- 16 I hn-e- 10 cq-]-

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2009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛142tlm-_n-

\m-bv-°-fp-sS- i-co-c-im-kv-Xw-

\m-bv-°ƒ Acp-a-IƒtPm-k-^v- B‚-Wn--

\m-bv-°-fp-sS- i-cm-i-cn- B-bp-kv- 15 h¿-j-am-Wv.- Nn-e- C-\w- \m-bv-°-fn¬- A-Xv- Iq-Sp-I-tbm-Ip-d-bp-I-tbm- sN-ømw.-

G-Xm-≠v- H-cp- h-b-kv- B-Ip-tºm-tg-°pw- \m-bv-°ƒ-°v- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn- F-Øpw.- H-cp-h¿-jw- B-Im-dm-Ip-tºm-tg-°pw- s]¨- \m-b- a-Zn-bp-sS- e-£Ww- Im-Wn-®p- Xp-S-ßpw.-

\m-bv-°ƒ-°v- ap≥-Im-ep-I-fn¬- A-©p- hn-c-ep-I-fpw- ]n≥-Im-ep-I-fn¬- \m-ep- hn-c-ep-I-fp-am-Wv- D-≠m-Ip-I.- B-sI- 42 ]-√p-Iƒ- D-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.- ta¬-Øm-Sn-bn¬- 20˛Dw- Io-gv-Øm-Sn-bn¬- 22 ]-√p-I-fpw-B-Wv.- B-Zyw- ap-f-®p-h-cp-∂- ]m¬-∏-√p-Iƒ- c-≠p-aq-∂p- am-kw- ]m-b-am-Ip-tºmƒ- sIm-gn-™p-t]m-

Ip-I-bpw- ]p-Xn-b- ]-√p-Iƒ- h-cn-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.-Iu-X-p-I-I-c-am-b- a-s‰m-cp- Im-cyw- \m-bv-°-fp-sS-

Im-gv-N- an-°-hm-dpw- "ªm-°v- B‚ v- ssh-‰n'¬- B-Wv- F-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.- A-]q¿-h-am-bn- am-X-ta- \n-d-ß-sf- Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-hm≥- \m-bv-°ƒ-°v- I-gn-bm-dp-≈q.-F-∂m¬- C-cp- n¬- Im-Wm-\p-≈- ti-jn- a-\pjy-t\-°mƒ- h-f-sc-b-[n-I-am-Wv- F-∂-Xm-Wv- a-s‰m-cp-]-tXy-I-X.-

\m-bv-°-fp-sS- hm-en-s‚- \o-fhpw- B-Ir-Xn-bp-sam-s°- ]-e- P\p-k-p-I-fn-epw- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-Wv.-tUm-_¿-am≥,- tdm- v- sh-b-e¿- Xp-S-ßn-b- P-\p-kp-I-fp-sS- hm¬- P-\n-®v- 10˛12 Zn-h-k-Øn-\-Iw- i-kv-X-In-b-bn-eq-sS- ap-dn-®p-I-f-bp-I-bm-Wv- ]-Xn-hv.- i-

co-c-Øn-\v- tbm-Pn-°m-Ø- hm¬- B-b-Xn-\m-em-Wv-A-ß-s\- sN-øp-∂-Xv.-

B¨- \m-bv-°ƒ- ]n-∂-nse- H-cp- Im-ev- s]m-°n- aq-X-sam-gn-°m≥- Xp-S-ßp-tºmƒ- A-h-\v- ]m-b-]q¿-Øn-bm-bn- F-∂v- A-\p-am-\n-°mw.- X-s‚- km-am-Py-Øn-s‚- A-Xn-cp-I-fn-se-√mw- A¬-∏-m¬-]w-aq-X-sam-gn-®v- B-[n-]-Xyw- ÿm-]n-°p-∂- kz- m-hw-\m-bv-°ƒ-°v- Ah-cp-sS- ]q¿-hn-I-cn¬-\n-∂pw- ]-I¿-∂pIn- n-b- kz- m-h-ß-fp-sS- Xp-S¿-®-bm-Wv.-

G-I-tZ-iw- 12˛14 a-Wn-°q¿- \o-≠p-\n¬-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- \m-bv-°-fp-sS- ]-k-hw.- H-cp- Ip-™v- ]n-d-∂v-G-Xm-≠v- A-c-a-Wn-°q¿- I-gn-™m-Ipw- A-Sp-Ø- Ip-™v- ]n-d-°p-I.- km-[m-c-W- K-Xn-bn¬- c-≠p -ap-X¬-10 h-sc- Ip-™p-߃- D-≠m-Ipw.- Hm-tcm- Ip-™pw-sh-t∆-sd- B-h-c-W-Øn-\p-≈n-em-Wv- K¿- -]m-X-Øn-\p-≈n¬- h-f-cp-I.- I-\w-Ip-d-™- sXm-en-t]m-se-bp-≈- B-h-c-W-Øn-\p-≈n-se- Z-m-h-I-Øn-em-Wv-Ip-™p-߃- h-f-cp-I.- ]-kh--Øn¬- B-h-c-Ww-Dƒ-s∏-sS-bm-Wv- ]p-d-Øp-t]-m-c-p-I.-

\m-bv-°-fp-sS- Xz-°n¬- tkz-Z-K-Ÿn-Iƒ- C-√-F-∂-Xm-Wv- a-s‰m-cp- ]-tXy-I-X.- A-Xn-\m¬- \m-bv-

°ƒ- hn-b¿-°m-dn-√.- \m-bv-°-fp-sS- Im-en-em-Wv-tkz-Z-K-Ÿn-Iƒ- ÿn-Xn-sN-øp-∂-Xv.- \m-°v- ]p-d-Øn-v- A-W-®pw- hm-bn-eq-sS-bpw- \m-°n-eq-sS-bpw- D-an-

\o¿- B-hn-bm-°n- am-‰n-bp-am-Wv- \m-bv-°ƒ- tkz-Z-]-h¿-Ø-\w- \-S-Øp-∂-Xv.-

Hm-kv- s]-\o-kv- F-∂-dn-bs∏-Sp-∂- H-cp- F-√v-\m-bv-°-fp-sS- P-\-t\-µn-b-Øn¬- D-≠v- F-∂-Xm-Wv- \m-bv-°-sf- a-‰p- ar-K-ß-fp-sS- i-co-c-im-kv-X-Øn¬-\n-∂pw- th-dn- p-\n¿-Øp-∂- L-S-Iw.- \m-bv-°ƒ-°v- a-m-X-ap-≈- ]-tXy-I-X-bm-W-Xv.-

a-\p-jy-t\-°mƒ- 16 C-c- n- tIƒ-hn-i-‡n-bpw-40 C-c- n- -Lm-W-i-‡n-bpw- \m-bv-°ƒ-°v- D-≠v.- A-Xn¬-Ø-s∂-bm-Wv- C-Sn-an-∂¬,- hm-l-\-ß-fq-sS-tlm¨ ap-g-°w,- sN-≠-ta-fw-,- sh-Sn-s°- v- Xp-S-ßn-b-h- tIƒ-°p-tºmƒ- \m-bv-°ƒ- A-kz-ÿ-cm-Ip-I-bpw- hn-f-dn-]n-Sn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- H-cp- I-Xn-\m- sh-Sn- a-\p-jy≥- tIƒ-°p-∂-Xn-s‚- 16 C-c- n- i-_v-Z-Øn¬- Im-Xn-te-°v- ]-Xn-°p-tºm-gp-≈- A-h-ÿ- B-tem-Nn-®p-t\m-°p-I.-A-Sp-Ø- e-°-Øn¬-:-\m-bv-°-sf- sX-c-s™-Sp-°¬.-

sS≥-Uv-

]-´n-Iƒ-°pw- ]q-®-Iƒ-°pw-A-g-Ip- Iq-´m≥- hn-Kv-

Iq-sS- H-∏w- sIm-≠p- \-S-°p-∂- ]- n-Iƒ-°pw- ]q-®-Iƒ-°pw-B-I¿-j-I-Xzw- Iq- m≥- sh-∏p- ap-Sn-Iƒ.-

hn-hn-[- co-Xn-I-fn-ep-≈- hn-Kp-Iƒ- hn-tZ-i- hn-]-Wn-I-fn¬- hym-]-I-am-bn- e- y-am-bn-Øp-S-ßn.- hn-hn-[- \n-d-ß-fn-ep-≈-h-bpw- ap-Sn-]n-∂n-bn- -Xpw- H-gp-°-\m-bn- sh- n-bn- -Xpw- F-√mw- e- y-am-Wv.- ]-e-Un-ssk-\pw- h-ep-∏-hpw.- Ip-™≥-am¿-°p- ]-‰n-b-Xp- ap-X¬- h-º-∑m¿-°p- tN-cp-∂-Xp- h-sc.- ap-∏-Xp- tUm-f-dn-\p- ap-I-fn-tem- m-Wv- A-ta-cn-°-bn¬- h-f¿-Øp- ar-K-߃-°m-bp-≈- hn-Kp-I-fp-sS- hn-e.- izm-\- ]-Z¿-\-߃-°pw- a-‰pw- izm-\-∑m-sc- hn-Kpw- a-‰pw- h-®v- A-Wn-bn-s®m-cp-°n-bm-Wv- C-d-°p-∂-Xv.- a-\p-jy¿-°p- h-bv-°p-∂- hn-Kv- ar-K-߃-°p- ]n-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp- hn-P-bn-°m-Xn-cp-∂-Xn-\m-em-Wv- ar-K-߃-°p- ]-tXy-I-am-bn- hn-Kv- F-∂- B-i-bw- D-S-se-Sp-Ø-Xv.-

a-\p-jy¿-°m-bp-≈- ]-e- hn-Kv- \n¿-am-Xm-°-fpw- m-j≥- Un-ssk-\¿-am-cpw- Hm-a-\- ar-K-߃-°m-bp-≈- hn-Kv- \n¿-am-W-Øn-te-°pw- Xn-cn-bp-I-bm-Wv.-

kp-\n-

32009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛14sabn≥kv-t‰m-dn-

l¿-Pn- tIm-S-Xn- ]-cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ- l¿-Pn-°m-c-\p-In-´p-∂- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-bn¬- Pv-Uv-Pn-°v- F-¥p- Im-cyw-?-

kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-bn-epw- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-I-fn-epw-s]m-Xp-Xm-Xv-]-cy- l¿-Pn-Iƒ- k-a¿-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ- F-Xn¿- m-Kw- D-S≥- hm-Zn-°p-∂-Xpw- tIm-S-Xn- ]-Y-a-Zr-jv-Sym- Nq-≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂-Xpw- H-‰-°m-cy-am-bn- am-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- l¿-Pn- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- e-£y-am-°n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv-!- l¿-Pn- X-≈m≥-B- H-‰-°m-cyw- a-Xn-!-!- i-_v-Z-an-√m-Ø-h-cp-sS- i-_v-Zw- s]m-Xp-Xm-Xv-]-cy- l¿-Pn-bm-bn- \o-Xn-\ym-b- hy-h-ÿ-bp-sS- Z-bm-Zm-£n-Wyw- tX-Sn- h-cp-tºmƒ- ap-Jw- t\m-°m-sX- X-s∂- \o-Xn- \-S-Øn-∏v-!-!-!- l¿-Pn- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂- I-£n-Iƒ-°v-kzm- m-hn-I-am-bn- D-≠m-Ip-∂- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-sb-\ym-bm-[n-]-∑m¿- F-¥n-\v- I-W-°n-se-Sp-°-Ww-F-∂-Xm-Wv- tNm-Zyw.- A-h¿- A-°m-cy-Øn¬-A-kz-ÿ-cm-tI-≠-Xp-t≠m-?- hn-j-b-Øn-s‚-tbm-Ky-X-bn-te-°p- I-S-°m-sX- X-s∂- l¿-Pn-X-t≈-≠-Xp-t≠m-?-

h-kv-Xp-X-Iƒ- l¿-Pn-°m-c-s\-Xn-s\-Xn-tc-bm-Ip-tºmƒ- \n-b-aw- hm-Zn-®p- Xp-S-ßp-I-bm-Wv- tIm-S-Xn-bn¬- A- n- m-j-I-cp-sS- Iu-i-e-sa-∂v- s]m-Xp-th- H-cp- ]-d-®n-ep-≠v.- F-∂m¬- s]m-Xp-Xm-Xv-]-cy- l¿-Pn-I-fm-Ip-tºmƒ- A-Xn-s‚-t]m-epw- B-h-iy-an-√m-Xm-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- k-a¿-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-s]m-Xp-Xm-Xv-]-cy- l¿-Pn- (]-_v-fn-Iv- C-‚-d-Ãv- en-‰n-tK-j≥-/-]n¬-)-˛-bn-se- "-]n-'- ]-_v-fn-Iv- C-‚-d-Ãn-\p- ]-I-cw- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-t°m- ss]-k-bv-t°m-th-≠n-bm-sW-∂- ap≥-hn-[n-bm-Wv- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-bn-se- P-Uv-Pn-am¿- Dƒ-∏-sS-bp-≈- \ym-bm-[n-∑m¿- ]-I-Sn-∏n-®n- p-≈-Xv.-

l¿-Pn- k-a¿-∏n-°p-∂-Xp- h-gn- H-cmƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤n-tbm- ]-Nm-c-tam- (]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-)- e-`n-®m¬- X-s∂- A-Xp-sIm-≠v-tIm-S-Xn-°v- F-¥m-Wv- ]-iv-\-sa-∂v- km-[m-c-W-°m¿- A-¤p-X-s∏-Sp-∂p.- A-ß-s\- h-cp-tºmƒ- ]-kn-≤n- \n-tcm-[n-°-s∏-tS-≠- A-h-ÿ-bm-tWm- F-∂- tNm-Zyw- Iq-Sn- D-Zn-°p-∂p.- tI-c-f- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bn-epw- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-bn-epw- P-\-Xm-Xv-]-cy-ap-≈- ]-e- hn-j-b-ß-fpw- s]m-Xp-Xm-Xv-]-cy- l¿-Pn-I-fm-bn- m-Wv-k-a¿-∏n-°-s∏- n- p-≈-Xv.- A-sXm-∂pw- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-°v- th-≠n-bp-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂n-√.- hn-j-b-߃-°v- Xm-s\- e- n-°p-∂-]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- X-S-bm-\p-am-In-√.-

]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-sb-∂-Xv- H-cmƒ- X-\n-tb- D-≠m-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬-tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS- \n-e-]m-Sn-\v-A-ev-]-sa-¶n-epw- km-[p-X-bp-s≠-∂p- I-cp-Xmw.- A-Xn-\v-l¿-Pn-°m-c≥- tI-kn-s\-°p-dn-®v- Ip-d-™- ]-£w- t\m- o-kv- A-Sn-®p- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-øp-I-tbm-A-Y-hm- ssa-°p- h-®p- sI- n- hn-fn-®p- Iq-hn- \-S-°p-I-tbm- th-Ww-!- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-°v- am-[y-aw-A-Xym-h-iy-am-Wv.- \q-dp- I-W-°n-\v- am-[y-a-ß-fp-≠v.- A-h- l¿-Pn-°m-c-s‚- \n-b-¥-W-Øn-ep-a-√.- \-√- ]-hr-Øn-Iƒ-°v- ]-kn-≤n-bpw- No-Ø- ]-hr-Øn-Iƒ-°v- hn-e- Ip-d-™- ]-kn-≤n-bpw- (Ip-]-kn-≤n-)- D-≠m-Ip-sa-∂p-≈-Xv- h-kv-Xp-X.-

tI-c-f- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bn¬- ]-cn-K-W-bn-en-cn-°p-∂-sI.-Fw.-am-Xyp-hpw- a-‰p- \m-ep- t]-cpw- A- n.- tI-c-f- kw-ÿm-\- k¿-°m-cpw- a-‰p- c-≠p- t]-cpw-(In-an-\¬- Fw.-kn- \-º¿- 3385/-2006)- F-∂-hy-h-lm-c-Øn¬- Un- m-Iv-tSm- Iw-π-bn-\-‚ v- k-a¿-∏n-®n- p-≈- F-Xn¿- k-Xy-hm-Mv-aq-e-Øn-se-hm-Z-߃- C-Ø-cp-W-Øn¬- i-t≤-b-ß-fm-Wv.-

!!!!! Hm-tcm- hy-‡n-I-fp-tS-bpw- ]-Ir-Xn-°pw- kz- m-h-Øn-\pw- ]-hr-Øn-°pw- ]-I-S-\-Øn-\pw- A-\p-kr-X-am-bm-Wv- ]-kn-≤n-tbm- Ip-]-kn-≤n-tbm- e- n-°p-∂-Xv.- a-‰p-≈-h-tcm- A-Y-hm- am-[y-ß-tfm- B-Wv- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- \-ev-Ip-∂-Xv.- A-√m-sX- _-‘-s∏- - hy-‡n- X-s∂-Øm≥- A-√.- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- X-S-bm≥- a-‰p-≈- hy-‡n-I-fn-

tem- am-[y-a-ß-fn-tem- B¿-°pw- \n-b-¥-W-an-√.- A-sXm-cp- A-h-ÿ-bpw- co-Xn-bpw- kzm- m-hn-I- ]-In-b-bp-am-Wv.- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-°v- H-cp- am-[y-aw- th-≠-Xp-≠v.-

Getting Publicity or Cheap publicity to one mayaccording to the nature, character, action andperformance of each person. Good actionsmay get promotional Publicity and bad ac-tions may get demotional Cheap Publicity orInfamy ie. Evil fame or public reputation(kupprasidhi) also. Publicity is extending byothers or media and not by the concernedperson himself. No one has control over otherpeople and media to hinder Publicity. It is acondition, mode and natural process. Thereshould be a medium for the publicity.

!!!!! ]_vfn-kn-‰n°v hnhn[ \nL≠p°ƒ \evIp∂A¿Y--߃:

According to Dictionary.com Unabridged (v1.0.1) Publicity means 1. extensive mention

in the news media or by word of mouth orother means of communication. 2. publicnotice so gained. 3. the measures, process, orbusiness of securing public notice. 4. infor-mation, articles, or advertisements issued tosecure public notice or attention. 5. the stateof being public, or open to general observa-tion or knowledge. American Heritage Dic-tionary explains as 1. a. Information that con-cerns a person, group, event, or product andthat is disseminated through various mediato attract public notice. b. Public interest,notice, or notoriety achieved by the spread-ing of such information. c. The act, process,or occupation of disseminating informationto gain public interest. 2. The condition ofbeing public.

!!!!! Ip]-kn-≤n°v hnhn[ \nL≠p°ƒ \evIp∂A¿Y--߃:

According to Dictionary.com Unabridged (v1.0.1) Infamy means 1. extremely bad repu-tation, public reproach, or strong condem-nation as the result of a shameful, criminal,or outrageous act. 2. infamous character or

conduct. 3. an infamous act or circumstance.4. Law. loss of rights, incurred by convictionof an infamous offense. American HeritageDictionary explains as: 1. Evil fame or repu-tation. 2. The condition of being infamous.3. An evil or criminal act that is publiclyknown. As per Roget's New Millennium The-saurus, Infamy's Synonyms are abomination,atrocity, bad reputation, disapprobation, dis-credit, disesteem, disgrace, dishonor, disre-pute, enormity, evil, ignominy, immorality,impropriety, notoriety, notoriousness, oblo-quy, odium, opprobrium, outrageousness,scandal, shame, stigma, villainy and wicked-ness.

!!!!! s]mXp-Xm-Xv]cy l¿Pn b¬ sNøp-∂XvInan-\¬ \S-]-Sntbm \mW-t°tSm A√.l¿Pn-I-fn¬ Nq≠n-°m- n-bn-cn-°p∂ hkvXp-X-I-fpsS k-Xy-hm-ZnXzw tImS-Xn°v Xn´whcp-Øm-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈p. tIkv ]cn-K-Wn-°p-

∂-Xn\v tIkn-s‚tbm l¿Pn-°m-c-t‚tbmbikv ASn-ÿm-\-am-°-cp-Xv. tImS-Xn-bpsSASn-ÿm\w \oXn-bp-‡Xbpw \ymbhpwamX-am-bn-cn-°-Ww.

This respondent had not indulged in any kind ofevil or criminal or shameful act to get cheappublicity as alleged. According to this respon-dents' humble knowledge, filing Public In-terest Litigation is not a sin and not a crimi-nal or shameful act. The Hon'ble Court hasthe full authority to go through and verify theveracity of the alleged facts and substancebehind the petitions. After considering thegravity and prima facie nature of allegationsthe Hon'ble Court can take a decision in thecase. Publicity of the case or fame of the pe-titioner should not be the base of consider-ation. Fairness and justice only will be thefoundation of court of law.

!!!!! F√m-h¿°pw Adn-bm-hp-∂Xp t]msesXmgn¬]c-amb \nb-¥-W-ß-fm¬ km[m-cW KXn-bn¬ k¿°m¿ Poh-\-°mtcmDb¿∂ sXmgn-se-Sp-°p-∂-htcm s]mXp-Xm-Xv]cy l¿Pn-Iƒ b¬ sNøm-dn-√.

As everybody knows, usually a government ser-vant or a person in higher avocation may notfile public interest writ petitions for the ben-efit of common or downtrodden people dueto their occupational restrictions or such otherconstraints. Usually public hearted personswithout any bond only can approach the con-cerned forum fearlessly for justice against theimpropriety of public authority or govern-ment officers, violation of fundamental rights,crime, corruption etc. Actually PILs are thevoice of the voiceless and appreciated fromdifferent corners. Moreover PILs are usuallyfiled for legitimate needs of the people only.

I-£n-I-fp-sS- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- cp-Nn-°m-Ø- \ym-bm-[n-]-∑m¿- A-X-\p-k-cn-®v- kz-bw- \-bw- \-S-∏m-°p-I-bpw- th-≠n- h-cpw.- s]m-Xp- ]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ-D-Zv-Lm-S-\w- sN-øm-\pw- ]-kw-Kn-°m-\pw- a-‰pw-t]m-Ip-I-bn-s√-∂p- Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-I- X-s∂- A-Xn¬- B-Zy-tØ-Xv.- s]m-Xp- ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬- ]-

s¶-Sp-°p-I-bpw- sS-en-hn-j-\n-epw- a-‰pw- ]- m-j-W-߃- \-S-Øp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂-Xv- A-h¿-°v- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- am-X-a-√- D-≠m-°p-∂-Xv,- A-h¿- Nn-e- Im-cy-ß-fn-se-¶n-epw- ]-£-]m-X-]-c-am-bn- s]-cp-am-dp-sa-∂- B-i-¶-bpw- Zp-jv-t]-cpw- Iq-Sn-bm-Wv- ]-S¿-Øp-∂-Xv.- tIm-S-Xn-bn¬- am-Xw- ]-d-tb-≠- A- n-]m-b-߃- s]m-Xp- th-Zn-I-fn¬- hn-f-tº-≠-Xn-√.- P-Uv-Pn-am-bn-cn-°p-∂- Im-e-tØm-fw- tIm-S-Xn-bv-°p-≈n¬- am-X-am-Wv- \n-b-a-ß-fpw- h-kv-Xp-X-I-fpw-hym-Jym-\n-t°-≠-Xpw- D-Ø-c-hp-I-fpw- hn-[n-I-fpw-]-Jym-]n-t°-≠-Xpw.-tIm-S-Xn-°p- ]p-d-Øp-≈-G-Xp- \-S-]-Sn-bpw- P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- Nm-bv-hv- ap≥-Iq- n-sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa-∂p-km-[m-c-W- P-\-߃- I-cp-Xn-bm¬- sX-‰p-]-d-bm-\m-In-√.-sS-en-hn-j≥- \yq-kv- Nm-\-ep-Iƒ- hym-]-I-am-b-tXm-Sp- Iq-Sn- A-\-h-k-c-ß-fn¬- tIm-S-Xn-bn-en-cp-∂p- A-\m-h-iy- ]-kv-Xm-h-߃- \-S-Øn- "- v-fm-jv-\yq-kv-'- h-cp-Øm-\p-≈- i-a-hpw- ]-e- P-Uv-Pn-am¿-°n-S-bn¬- C-t∏mƒ- hym-]-I-am-Wv.- A-sXm-∂pw- A-h-km-\- hn-[n-bn¬- Im-Wm-dp-an-√.- kv-Io-\n¬- kv-tImƒ- sN-øn-°m≥- ]-cp-

h-Øn¬- hm-N-I-߃- Xp-d-∂- tIm-S-Xn-bn-en-cp-∂p- ]-d-bpw.- tI-kn-s‚- hn-h-c-ß-fn-te-°v- B-g-Øn-te-°v- t]m-Im≥- tNm-Zy-ß-fpw- I-a-‚p-I-fpw- B-Im-sa-∂- \n-e-]m-Sm-Wv- C-Ø-cw- Pv-Uv-Pn-am¿- kzo-I-cn-°p-I.- ]-d-™-Xn-\p- hn-]-co-X-am-bn- hm¿-Ø- h-∂m¬- Xn-cp-Øm≥- \n¿-tZ-in-°p-I- t]m-ep-an-√.- F-ß-s\-bm-bm-epw- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- a-Xn-sb-∂- \n-e-]m-Sv- B-sW-¶n¬- F-s¥-Sp-°m≥-?-

tI-kn-s‚- hm¿-Ø- ]-X-ß-fn-epw- sS-en-hn-j-\n-epw-td-Un-tbm-bn-epw- h-cp-tºmƒ- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- I-£n-I-fp-sS- t]-cv- Im-Wm-dn-s√-¶n-epw- Pv-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- t]-cp- Im-Wpw.- A-ß-s\- In- p-∂- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- th-s≠-∂v- B-cpw- ]-d-bm-dp-an-√.-l¿-Pn- k-a¿-∏n-®-bmƒ-°v- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-tbm-Sv-A-Xym-k-‡n- (]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- am-\n-b-)- B-sW-∂p- ]-d-bm≥- D-t±-in-®v- B-th-iw- aq-Øv- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n-tbm-Sv- -bw- (]-_v-fn-kn-‰n- t^m-_n-b-)-B-sW-∂p- hn-[n-bn¬- hy-‡-am-bn- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≈- \ym-bm-[n-]-\pw- D-≈- \m-Sm-Wv-tI-c-fw-!- A-ß-t\-bpw- H-cp- ]-_v-fn-kn-‰n.-

(tI-c-f- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- tI-µ-am-bn- Zo-]n-I,- ho-£-

Ww- Zn-\-]-X-ß-fp-sS- \n-b-a-Im-cy- te-J-I-\m-bn-

Zo¿-L-Im-ew- ]-h¿-Øn-®n-´p-≠v- te-J-I≥-.)-

2009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛144km-º-Øn-Iw-

km-∂n-≤yw- Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-]p-e-am-°m≥-tI-c-f-Øn¬- F-kv- _n- sF- sse- v-

tI-c-f-Øn-se- km-∂n-[yw-Iq-Sp-X¬- hn-]p-e-am-°m-\p-≈- \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ- F-kv- _n- sF- sse-

v- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- I-º-\n- en-an-‰-Uv- B-cw- n-®p.- cm-Py-sØ- c-≠m-a-sØ- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- kz-Im-cy-sse- v- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- I-º-\n-bm-b- F-kv- _n- sF- sse- n-\v- kw-ÿm-\-Øv- C-t∏mƒ- 31 im-J-I-fm-Wv- D-≈-Xv.- an-I -hp -‰ - 5600C≥-jp-d≥-kv-A-ssUz-k¿-am-cpw.- C-h-bv-°v-]p-d-sa- tI-c-f-Øn¬- A-tßm-f-an-tßm-f-ap-≈- tÃ-‰v- _m-¶v- Kq-∏v- im-J-Iƒ- h-gn-bpw- F-kv- _n-sF- sse-^v- D¬-∏-∂-߃- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-øp-∂p-≠v.-

I-gn-™- Un-kw-_-dn¬- A-h-km-\n-®- h¿-j-Øn¬- tI-c-f-Øn¬- \n-∂v- 250 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bp-sS- ]p-Xn-b- _n-kn-\-kv- ]o-an-bw-k-am-l-cn-°m≥- I-º-\n-°v- I-gn-™p.- \-S-∏p- km-º-Øn-I- h¿-jw-A-h-km-\-tØm-sS- C-Xv- C-c- n-bm-°p-I-bm-Wv- e-£yw.-

sse- v- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- D¬-∏-∂-ß-sf- ]-‰n-bp-≈- k-a-K- ⁄m-\w,- an-I-®- hn-]-W-\- X-¥-߃,-hn-]-Wm-\-¥-c- tk-h-\w- F-∂n-h-bn¬- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- A-ssUz-k¿-am¿-°v- I-º-\n- Xo-h-]-cn-io-e-\w- \¬-Ip-∂p-≠v.- an-I-®- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- A-ssUz-k¿-am-sc- I-s≠-Øm-\p- B-Z-cn-°m-\pw- I-º-\n- cm-Py-Øn-s‚- hn-hn-[- m-K-ß-fn¬- sa-Km-ta-f-Iƒ- \-S-Øm-dp-≠v.-

X-ß-fp-sS- _n-kn-\-kv- ]-¶m-fn-I-fp-sS- D¬-∏m-Z-\-£-a-Xm- \n-e-hm-cw- hy-h-km-b-Øn-se- X-

s∂- G-‰-hpw- an-I-®-Xm-sW-∂v- do-s -bv¬- G-P≥-kn- B≥-Uv- C≥-Ãn-‰yq-j-W¬- A-e-b≥-kv- I- -Sn- sl-Uv- cm-Po-hv- Kp-]v-X- ]-d-™p.- _m≥-Uv- kv-sS-Mv-Xv- B-Wv- C-Xn-\p- Im-c-Ww.- kw-ÿm-\-sØ- Iq-Sp-X¬- P-\-߃-°v-sse- v- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- ]-Xn-hn-[n-Iƒ- e- y-am-°p-∂-Xn¬- ]-¶m-fn-I-fm-Im≥- Zo¿-L-ho-£-W-ap-≈-C≥-jp-d≥-kv- A-ssUz-k¿-am-sc-

A-t±-lw- £-Wn-®p.-

D - b ¿ - ∂ -km-£-c-Xm- \n-e-hm-c-hpw- P-\-

kw-Jy-bpw- I-W-°n-se-Sp-°p-tºmƒ- tI-c-fw- sse- v- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- _n-kn-\-kn-\v- G-‰-hpw- Iq-Sp-X¬- km-≤y-X-bp-≈- kw-ÿm-\-am-Wv.- A-Xp-sIm-≠p-X-s∂- tI-c-fw- X-߃-°v- ap≥-K-W-\m- hn-]-Wn-bp-am-Wv.- an-I-®- _n-kn-\-kv-]-I-S-\-am-Wv- tI-c-f-Øn-t‚-Xv.-100 i-X-am-\w- _n-kn-\-kv- h-f¿-®- X-߃- e-£y-an-Sp-∂-Xpw- A-Xn-\m-em-sW-∂v- A-t±-lw- ]-d-™p.-

an-ey- - tUm-f¿- du-≠v- tS-_nƒ- Aw-K-ß-fp-sS- F-Æ-Øn-s‚- Im-cy-Øn¬- F-kv- _n- sF-sse-^n-\v- B-tKm-f-X-e-Øn¬-C-t∏mƒ- aq-∂mw- dm-¶n-ßm-Wp-≈-Xv.- 40000 F-kv- _n- sF- sse-

v- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- A-ssUz-k¿-am-cn¬- 1662 t]¿- an-ey- - tUm-f¿- du-≠v- tS-_nƒ- Aw-K-Xz-Øn-\v- tbm-Ky-X- t\-Sn.- A-h-cn¬-X-s∂- 124 t]¿- tIm¿- v- Hm- v- tS-_n-fpw- 20 t]¿- tSm-]v- Hm- v- tS-_n-fp-am-Wv.-

C-¥y-bn-se- ]-ap-J- td-‰n-Mv-G-P≥-kn-bm-b- In-kn-en-s‚- Sn-

∏nƒ- F- tÃ-_nƒ- td-‰n-Mv- I-gn-™- h¿-jw- F-kv- _n- sF- sse-^n-\v- e- n-®p.- t]m-fn-kn- D-S-a-I-tfm-Sp-≈- Np-a-X-e-Iƒ- \n-d-th-‰m≥- ]-cym-]v-X-am-b- I-cp-Øp-‰-km-º-Øn-Im-Sn-Ø-d- B-Wv- Cu-td-‰n-ßn-\v- \n-Zm-\w.-]-kv-Xp-X- D-b¿-∂- td-‰n-Mv- e- n-°p-∂- B-Zy-C≥-jp-d≥-kv- I-º-\n-bm-Wv- F-kv- _n- sF- sse- v.-

s¢-bnw-kv- Xp-I- \¬-Ip-∂-Xn-\p-≈- an-I-®- Im-cy-£-X-bv-°v- ]-ap-J- td-‰n-Mv- G-P≥-kn-bm-b- C-I- Cu-bn-sS- F-kv- _n- sF-sse- n-\v- sF-Sn-∏nƒ-F- td-‰n-Mv-\¬-Ip-I-bp-≠m-bn.- Hu- v-ep-°v-a-Wn- F≥- Un- Sn- hn- t]m- n-‰n-s‚- s_-Ãv- sse- v- C≥-jp-d¿-2008 A-hm¿-Upw- F-kv- _n- sF-sse- n-\m-Wv- e- n-®-Xv.- G-‰-hpw-]p-Xn-b- sF- B¿- Un- F- dn-t∏m¿-´v- ]-Im-cw- I-gn-™- h¿-jw- \-hw-_¿- h-sc-bp-≈- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- ]p-Xn-b- _n-kn-\-kv- ]o-an-b-Øn¬- 78.-13 i-X-am-\w- (3291.-98 tIm-Sn- cq-]-)- h-f¿-®-tbm-sS- F-kv- _n- sF- sse-^n-\v- kz-Im-cy- sse- v- C≥-jp-d¿-am-cn¬- c-≠mw- ÿm-\-am-Wp-≈-Xv.- I-º-\n-bp-sS- sam-Øw- hn-]-Wn- ]-¶m-fn-Øw- 7.-26 i-X-am-\w- B-Wv.- kz-Im-cy- I-º-\n-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬- C-Xv-16.-33 i-X-am-\-hpw.-

tÃ-‰v- _m-¶v- Hm- v- C≥-Uy-bp-tS-bpw- _n- F≥- _n- ]-cn-_m-kv- A-jz-d≥-kn-s‚-bpw- kw-bp-‡- kw-c- -am-b- F-kv- _n- sF-sse- v- C≥-jp-d≥-kn-s‚- sam-Øw- aq-e-[-\-Øn¬- F-kv- _n-sF-°v- 74 i-X-am-\w- Hm-l-cn-bm-Wp-≈-Xv.- _n- F≥- _n- ]-cn-_m-kn-\v- 26 i-X-am-\-hpw.-

F-kv- _n- sF- sse- n-s‚-

Aw-Ko-Ir-X- aq-e-[-\w- 2000 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bpw- A-S-®p- Xo¿-Ø- aq-e-[-\w- 1000 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bp-am-Wv.-tÃ-‰v- _m-¶v- Hm- v- C≥-Uy-bm-Wv-I-º-\n-bp-sS- C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- _m-¶n-Mv- ^m-ss©-kn.- G-gv- A-tkm-kn-tb-‰v- _m-¶p-Iƒ- Dƒ-s∏-sS- tÃ-‰v- _m-¶v- Kq-∏n-\v- 14500 im-J-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.-

G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- ^-©v- I-º-\n-bm-b- _n- F≥- _n- ]-cn-_m-kn-\v- B-tKm-f- _m-¶n-Mv- hy-h-km-b-Øn¬- A-©mw- dm-¶n-ßm-Wp-≈-Xv.- 50 Z-i-e-£w- C-S-]m-Sp-Im¿- I-º-\n-°p-≠v.- 41 cm-Py-ß-fn-em-bn- I-º-\n-bp-sS- ]-h¿-Ø-\w- hym-]n-®p- In-S-°p-∂p.-

k-a-K-am-b- sse- v- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- D¬-∏-∂-ß-fpw- s]≥-j≥-D¬-∏-∂-ß-fpw- Ip-d-™- sN-e-hn¬- e-`y-am-°p-∂- F-kv- _n-sF- sse-^n-s‚- D-]-t`m-‡r-tk-h-\w- D-b¿-∂- \n-e-hm-c-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.- tem-tIm-Ø-c- \n-e-hm-c-ap-≈- ]-h¿-Ø-\- ti-jn-bm-Wv- a-s‰m-cp- ssI-ap-X¬.-

C≥-jp-d≥-kv- D¬-∏-∂-߃-s°m-∏w- -h-\- hm-bv-],- hy-‡n-K-X- hm-bv-]- F-∂n-h-bpw- F-kv-_n- sF- sse-^v- ssI-Im-cyw-sN-øp-∂p-≠v.- F-kv- _n- sF-bp-sS- 100 Z-i-e-£w- D-]-tbm-‡m-°-fp-sS- tk-h-\-Øn-\m-bn- A-dp-]-Xn-\m-bn-cw- C≥-jp-d≥-kv- A-ssUz-k¿-am-cp-sS- H-cp- \n-c-X-s∂-I-º-\n-°p-s≠-∂v- do-P-W¬- sl-Uv- P-K-Zo-jv- ln-sc-a-Xv,- do-P-W¬-sk-bn¬-kv- am-t\-P¿- Zo-]-Iv- \m-b¿,- G-cn-bm- sk-bn¬-kv- am-t\-P¿- hn.- K-tW-jv,- ko-\n-b¿- Un-hn-j-W¬- am-t\-P¿- hn.- kp-tc-jv- Ip-am¿- F-∂n-h¿- tIm-gn-t°m-v- kq-Nn-∏n-®p.-

A-cp¨- tPm-kv-

io-dmw- Sm≥-kv-t]m¿-´v- ^n-\m≥-kv- aq-∂mw-]m-Z-Øn¬- 48.-22%- h-cp-am-\- h-f¿-®-

io-dmw- Sm≥-kv-t]m¿- v- n-\m≥-kv- I-º-\n-°v- 2008 Un-kw-_¿- 31 -\v- A-h-km-\n-®- aq-∂mw-]m-Z-Øn¬- 48.-22%- h-cp-am-\- h-f¿-®.- 972.-85 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-Wv- Cu- ]m-Z-Øn¬- I-º-\n-bp-sS- h-cp-am-\w.- ap≥-h¿-jw- C-Xv- 656.-36 tIm-Sn- am-X-am-bn-cp-∂p.-

\n-Ip-Xn-°v- ti-j-ap-≈- em- w- ap≥-h¿-j-tØ-°mƒ- 34.-88 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-∂v- 149.-31 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn-se-Øn.- B-Zy- aq-∂p- ]m-Z-ß-fn-se- sam-Ø-h-cp-am-\w- 58.-84%- h-f¿-∂v- 2,-697.-14 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn.- \n-Ip-Xn-°v- ti-j-ap-≈- em- -Øn-em-I-s - 64.-

96 i-X-am-\w- h¿-[-\-hp-≠m-bn.- ap≥-h¿-jw- B-Zy-aq-∂p- ]m-Z-ß-fn-se- em- w- 277.-97 tIm-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- Cu- h¿-j-am-I-s - em- w- 458.-54 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn.-

I- -kyq-a¿- n-\m≥-kv,- sse- v- C≥-jq-d≥-kv,- P-\-d¬- C≥-jq-d≥-kv,- tÃm-°v- t_m-°nw-Kv,-Un-kv-Sn-_yq-j≥- cw-K-ß-fn¬- km-∂n-[y-ap-≈- io-dmw- Kq-∏n-s‚- v-fm-Kv-jn-∏v- I-º-\n-bm-Wv- io-dmw-Sm≥-kv-t]m¿- v- n-\m≥- kv- I-º-\n- en-an-‰-Uv.- 2008Un-kw-_¿- 31 -se- I-W-°p-I-f-\p-k-cn-®v- I-º-\n-ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-∂- sam-Øw- \n-t£-]-ß-fp-sS-aq-eyw- 22,-796 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-Wv.-

cm-Pyw- km-º-Øn-I- am-µyw-t\-cn-Sp-∂n√: Nn-Zw-_-cw-cm-Pyw- km-º-Øn-I-am-µyw- t\-cn-Sp-∂n-s√-∂pw- hn-]-Wn-

bn¬- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv- H-cp- th-Kw- Ip-d-b¬- am-X-am-sW-∂pw-tI-µ- a-¥n- ]n- Nn-Zw-_-cw.- sN-ss∂-bn¬- m-c-Xo-b- bp-h-i-‡n-S-kv-‰v- D-Zv-Lm-S-\w-sN-bv-Xp- \-S-Øn-b- ]- m-j-W-Øn-em-Wv- a-¥n-C-°m-cyw- kq-Nn-∏n-®-Xv.-

B-tKm-f-hn-]-Wn-bn¬- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂- km-º-Øn-I- ]-Xn-k-‘n-sb- ]-Xn-tcm-[n-°p-∂-Xn-s‚- m-K-am-bn- Iq-Sp-X¬- I-cp-X-ep-I-fpw- Xo-cp-am-\-ß-fpw- F-Sp-t°-≠-Xm-bn- h-cpw.- C-Ø-cw- Xo-cp-am-\-ß-fn-eq-sS-tb- B- y-¥-c-hn-]-Wn-bn-se- B-h-iyw- i-‡-am-°n- \n-e-\n¿-Øm-\m-Iq.- \n-Ip-Xn- kw-_-‘-am-b- Xo-cp-am-\-߃-k¿-°m-cpw- [-\-]-c-am-b- Xo-cp-am-\-߃- dn-k¿-hv- _m-¶v- Hm- v- C-¥y-bpw- ssI-s°m-≈p-I-bp-am-Wv- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- hm-bv-]-I-fp-sS- G-dn-b-]-¶pw- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-∂-Xv- s]m-Xp-ta-J-em- _m-¶p-I-fm-sW-¶n-epw- _m-¶v- C-X-c-hm-bv-]-I-sf-bpw- am-µyw- ]-Xn-k-‘n-bn-em-°n.-

hm-bv-]-I-fp-sS- hn-X-c-Ww- kp-K-a-am-°n-Xo¿-Øp-sIm-≠v- hn-]-Wn-bn-te-°p-≈- ]-W-Øn-s‚- H-gp-°v- i-‡-am-°-Ww- C-Xn-s‚-`m-K-am-bn- Iq-Sp-X¬- kp-c-£m- ]-≤-Xn-Iƒ- A-\p-h-Zn-°m≥- k¿-°m-cpw- B¿-_n-sF-bpw- ssI-tIm¿-Øp- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-sa-∂pw-a-¥n- Iq- n-t®¿-Øp.-

sF-F≥-Pn- ssh-iy- A-‰m-Zm-b-Øn¬-22 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®-

sF-F≥-Pn- ssh-iy- _m-¶n-s‚- aq-∂mw- ]m-Z-Øn-se- A-‰m-Zm-bw- ap≥- h¿-jw- C-tX- Im-e-b-f-hn-te-Xn-t\-°mƒ- 22%- h¿-[n-®v- 82.-1 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn.- ap≥- h¿-jw- 42.-8 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn-cp-∂p- A-‰m-Zm-bw.- ]-en-i- C-\-Øn-ep-≈- h-cp-am-\w- 19%- h¿-[n-®v-172.-7 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bpw- o-kn-\-Øn¬- 56%- h¿-[n-®v- 149.-1 tIm-Sn-cq-]-bp-am-bn.- o-kn-\-Øn-e-\p- -h-s∏- - h≥- h-cp-am-\- h¿-[-\-hm-Wv- _m-¶n-s‚- Xn-f-°-am¿-∂- h-f¿-®-bv-°v- \n-Zm-\-sa-∂v- am-t\-Pn-ßv- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- thm- - dn-tjm¿- ]-d-™p.- ]-en-i-bn¬- \n-∂p-≈- h-cp-am-\- h¿-[-\-hpw- C-Xn¬- ]-¶p-h-ln-®p.- I-gn-™- 12 am-k-Øn-\-Iw- 45 ]p-Xn-b- im-J-I-fpw- 111 F-Sn-F-Ωpw- Xp-S-ßn.-

6000 tIm-Sn- ]-Xn-h¿-j- Nn-´n- k-e-ssI-h-cn-°m≥- sI-F-kv-F- v-C-A-Sp-Ø-h¿-jw- am¿-t®m-sS- 6000 tIm-Sn- ]-Xn-h¿-j- Nn- n-

k-e- ssI-h-cn-°m≥- ]-≤-Xn-bn- -Xm-bn- sI-F-kv-F- v-C.- Cu-h¿-jw- am¿-®n¬- ]-Xn-h¿-j- Nn- n- k-e- 4200 tIm-Sn- I-hn-bpw.-

I-gn-™- h¿-jw- s]m-t∂m-W- Nn- n-bn-eq-sS- 91 tIm-Sn-bpw,-tI-c-f-∏n-d-hn-Zn-\-Øn¬- B-cw- n-®- ]-hm-kn- _-‘p- Nn- n-bn-eq-sS- 55 tIm-Sn-bpw- C-Xp-h-sc- k-am-l-cn-°m≥- I-gn-™-Xm-bn- A-[n-Ir-X¿- ]-d-™p.- ]-hm-kn-_-‘p- Nn- n-Iƒ- P-\p-h-cn- 31 -\v- A-h-km-\n-®p.- h≥-In-S- _n-kn-\-kp-Im¿,- Km-ao-W- I¿-j-I¿,- sXm-gn-em-fn-Iƒ- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-sc- B-I¿-jn-°m≥- C-Ø-cw- Nn- n-Iƒ-°p- I-gn-™n- p-≠v.-

an-I-®- G-jy≥- _m-¶nw-Kv- sh-_v-ssk-‰v-A-hm¿-Uv- ku-Øv- C-¥y≥- _m-¶n-\v-G-jy-bn-se- an-I-®- _m-¶nw-Kv- sh-_v-ssk-‰v- sX-c-s™-Sp-

°m≥- knw-K-∏q-cn-se- G-jy≥- _m-¶nw-Kv- B≥-Uv- ss -\m≥-kv-am-kn-I- \-S-Øn-b- a-’-c-Øn¬- ku-Øv- C-¥y≥- _m-¶n-s‚- www.-sou-th-in-d-i-an-b-an-k.-com- G-‰-hpw- an-I-®- sh-_v-ssk-‰m-bn- sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- p.-

ku-Øv- C-¥y≥- _m-¶n-s‚- hn-h-c-km-t¶-Xn-I- hn- m-K-Øn-s‚- ta-[m-hn-bpw- sU-]yq- n- P-\-d¬- am-t\-P-cp-am-b- F.-Pn.-h¿-Ko-kv- knw-K-∏q-cn¬- \-S-∂- N-S-ßn¬- _m-¶n-\p- th-≠n- A-hm¿-Uv-kzo-I-cn-®p.- C-S-]m-Sp-Im-cp-sS- ku-I-cym¿-Yw- G-‰-hpw- an-I-®-Xpw- D-]-t`m-‡r- ku-lr-Z-]-c-hp-am-b- sh-_v-ssk-‰v- \n¿-an-°m≥- A-£o-Ww- ]-h¿-Øn-®n-cp-∂- X-ß-fp-sS- So-an-\v- B-Àm-Z-I-c-am-b- hm¿-Ø-bm-Wn-sX-∂v- _m-¶v- am-t\-Pnw-Kv- U-b-d-Œ-dpw- No- v- F-Iv-kn-Iyq- o-hv- Hm- o-k-dp-am-b- tUm.-hn.-F.-tPm-k- v- ]-Xn-I-cn-®p.-

I-gn-™- Un-kw-_-dn¬- \-S-Øn-b- _n.-Sn- - sI.-]n.-Fw.-Pn-k¿-th-bn¬- B-kv-Xn-I-fp-sS- Kp-W-ta-∑-bn¬- kz-Im-cy-_m-¶nw-Kv- ta-J-e-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- an-I-®- _m-¶m-bn- ku-Øv- C-¥y≥- _m-¶v- sX-c-s™-Sp-°-s∏- n-cp-∂p.-

F-kv-_n-Sn-bp-sS- A-‰m-Zm-bw- 415.-81 tIm-Sn- cq-]-tÃ-‰v- _m-¶v- Hm- v- Sm-h≥-Iq¿- 2008

Un-kw-_¿- am-k-Øn-e-h-km-\n-°p-∂- H≥-]-Xv- am-k- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- A-‰m-Zm-b-Øn-epw-hm-bv-]m- -\n-t£-]-ß-fn-epw- A- n-hr-≤n- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠p-≈- km-º-Øn-I- -e-߃- ]-Jym-]n-®p.- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- t_m¿-Uv- tbm-K-am-Wv- \-S-∏p-km-º-Øn-I- h¿-jw-aq-∂mw- ssX-am-kn-I-Øn-se- _m-¶n-s‚-]-I-S-\w- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv.-

2007 Un-kw-_-dn-se- 236.-91 tIm-Sn-cq-]-sb- A-t]-£n-®v- 75.-51i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®-tbm-sS- 2008 Un-kw-_¿- am-k-Øn-e-h-km-\n-°p-∂- H≥-]-Xv- am-k- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- 415.-81 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bp-sS- A-‰m-Zm-bw-ssI-h-cn-®p.- _m-¶n-s‚- sam-Ø-h-cp-am-\w-3,-439 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn-se-Øn.- ap≥-h¿-j-sØ- 82.-82 tIm-Sn-bp-sS- ÿm-\-Øv- Cu-h¿-jw- k-am-\- ssX-am-kn-I- A-‰m-Zm-bw-26.-86 tIm-Sn-cq-]-bm-bn- D-b¿-∂p.-

2007 Un-kw-_-dn¬- 2.-14 i-X-am-\w-B-bn-cp-∂- _m-¶n-s‚- sam-Øw- \n-jv-In-b- B-kv-Xn- c-≠p- i-X-am-\w- B-bn- Ip-d-

™p.- A-k¬- \n-jv-In-b- B-kv-Xn- 2008Unw-k-_-dn¬- 1.-15%- Øn¬- \n¬-°p-∂p.-2007 Un-kw-_¿- A-¥y-Øn¬- 61,-241tIm-Sn-cq-]-bm-bn-cp-∂- _m-¶n-s‚- k-a-K-hym-]m-cw- 2008 Un-kw-_¿- A-¥y-Øn¬-70,-000 tIm-Sn- I-hn-™v- 71,-100 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn-se-Øn.-_m-¶n-s‚- \n-t£-]- A-Sn-Ø-d- 39,-729 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn-se-Øn.- _m-¶n-s‚- sam-Øw- hm-bv-]-Iƒ- 30,-882 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn-se-Øn.- ap≥-K-W-\m- hn- m-K- hm-bv-]-Iƒ- 12,-923 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn-se-Øn.-

kz-bw- k-lm-b- kw-L-߃-°p-≈-hm-bv-]m- ta-J-e-bn-epw- _m-¶v- h-en-b- t\-´w- ssI-h-cn-®p.- _m-¶n-s‚- sam-Øw- hm-bv-]-I-fp-sS- 53i-X-am-\w- Nn-√-d-hm-bv-]-Iƒ-ssI-bm-fp-∂p.- v-fm-‰v- -h-\- hm-bv-]m- hn-X-c-W-Øn¬- _m-¶v- k-Po-h-am-bn-cp-∂p.- -h-\- hm-bv-]-Iƒ- 4,-590 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn-epw-Im¿- hm-bv-]-Iƒ- 908 tIm-Sn-cq-]-bn-se-Øn.- tÃ-‰v- _m-¶v- k-©-b-Øn-s‚- 10,-000¬-∏-cw- h-cp-∂- F.-Sn.-Fw.- irw-J-e-bp-am-bn- _-‘n-∏n-®n- p-≈- _m-¶n-s‚- F-Sn-F-

Ωp-I-fp-sS- F-Æw- ]-cm-a¿-in-X- ssX-am-kn-I-Øn¬- 10 F-Æw- Iq-Sn- ]m-h¿-Øn-I-am-°n.- 399 B-bn- h¿-[n-®p.-

tk-hnw-Kv-kv- _m-¶v- C-S-]m-Sp-Im¿-°v-F-kv.-_n.-Sn.- bq-Wn- kp-c-£- F-∂- t]-cn¬- ]-Xn-h¿-jw- 50 cq-]- ]o-an-b-Øn¬-A-©p- e-£w- cq-]- hy-‡ym-[n-jv-Tn-X- A-]m-b- C≥-jz-d≥-kv- ]-cn-c-£- e- y-am-°p-∂-Xn-\v- bp-ssW-‰-Uv- C-¥ym- C≥-jz-d≥-kv- I-º-\n-bp-am-bn- [m-c-W-bm-bn.- C-S-]m-Sp-Im¿-°v- D-∂-X- \n-e-hm-c-Øn-ep-≈- tk-h-\w- e-£y-am-°n- F-kv-_n-Sn-sI-b¿- F-∂- \q-X-\- kw-hn-[m-\w- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®p.-tI-c-f-Øn¬- B-Zy-am-bm-Wv- H-cp- _m-¶v-C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈- kw-cw- -sam-cp-°p-∂-Xv.--h-\- \n¿-am-Ww,- ssa-tIm- -sN-dp-In-S- -

C-S-Ø-cw- kw-cw- -߃- F-∂o- a¿-Ω- ]-[m-\- ta-J-e-Iƒ-°v- km-º-Øn-I- am-µy-sh-√p-hn-fn-Iƒ- X-c-Ww- sN-øm-\p-X-Ip-∂-]-Xn-]-h¿-Ø-\- \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ- _m-¶v- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®p.- ]-h¿-Ø-aq-e-[-\- ]-cn-[n- 25e-£w- cq-]-h-sc-bp-≈- sN-dp-In-S- hy-hm-k-

b-߃-°v- H-cp- i-X-am-\-hpw- 10 tIm-Sn- cq-]- h-sc-bp-≈- sN-dp-In-S- - C-S-Ø-cw- hy-h-km-b-߃-°v- 0.-50 i-X-am-\-hpw-hpw- ]-en-i- \n-c-°v- Ip-®p.- I-d-‚ v- A-°u-≠n¬- aq-ey- h¿-[n-X- ku-P-\y- ku-I-cy-ß-tfm-sS-F-kv.-_n.-Sn.- Cu-kn- _n-kv- π-kv- F-∂- ]p-Xn-b- c-≠v- A-°u-≠p-Iƒ- A-h-X-cn-∏n-®p.-

Cu- ssX-am-kn-I-Øn¬- H-Iv-tSm-_¿-˛- \-hw-_¿- am-k-ß-fn¬- F-kv-_n-Sn- a-tlm-’-hv- F-∂- t]-cn¬- h-ºn-®- hn- -h-k-am-l-c-W- b-⁄-Øn-eq-sS- 2000 tIm-Sn-cq-]-bn-te-sd- \n-t£-]-ß-fm-bn- t\-Sn.-ssX-am-kn-I-Øn¬- Xp-d-∂- c-≠p- im-J-I-fpƒ-s∏-sS- _m-¶n-s‚- irw-J-em- _-‘n-X- im-J-Iƒ- 717 B-bn.- X-an-gv-\m- n¬- tX-\n-bn-epw- B-‘m-]-tZ-in¬- ssl-Z-cm-_m-Zv- Ip-I-Sv-]-≈n-bn-epw- ]n-∂o-Sv- im-J-Iƒ- Xp-d-∂-tXm-sS- C-t∏mƒ- F-Æw- 719B-bn.- C-Xn¬- 583 F-Æw- tI-c-f-Øn-em-Wv.- h-cpw- am-k-ß-fn¬- Xp-d-∂p- ]-h¿-Øn-°m-sa-∂v- ]-Xo-£n-°p-∂- 16 im-J-Iƒ-°v-Iq-Sn- _m-¶v- Aw-Ko-Im-cw- t\-Sn-bn- p-≠v.-

s -U-d¬-_m-¶n-s‚- em- w-C-c- n-bn-e-[n-Iw-s -U-d¬- _m-¶n-s‚- 2008

Un-kw-_-dn¬- A-h-km-\n-®- aq-∂p- am-k- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- ]-h¿-Ø-\-em- w- 129.-32 i-X-am-\w- h¿-[n-®v- 384.-41 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn- D-b¿-∂p.- C-°m-e-b-f-hn-se- A-‰m-Zm-bw- 98.-11 i-X-am-\w- h¿-[n-®v-203.-89 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn.- I-gn-™-km-º-Øn-I- h¿-jw- C-tX- Im-e-b-f-hn-se- ]-h¿-Ø-\- em-`w-167.-63 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bpw- A-‰m-Zm-bw-102.-92 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.-sIm-®n-bn¬- tN¿-∂- U-b-d-Iv-S¿-t_m¿-Uv- tbm-Kw- ]-h¿-Ø-\- -e-߃- hn-e-bn-cp-Øp-I-bpw- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

_m-¶n-s‚- sam-Ø- h-cp-am-\w-I-gn-™- km-º-Øn-I- h¿-j-sØ- C-tX- Im-e-b-f-hn-ep-≈-733.-61 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn¬-\n-∂v- 41.-93 i-X-am-\w- h¿-[n-®v- 1041.-23 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn- D-b¿-∂p.- Cu- km-º-Øn-I- h¿-j-sØ- aq-∂p- am-k-Im-e-b-f-hn-se- ]-en-i-bn-\-Øn-ep-≈- sam-Øw- h-cp-am-\w- 876.-42tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-Wv.- I-gn-™- km-º-Øn-I- h¿-jw- C-tX- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- C-Xv- 648.-66 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- A-‰- ]-en-i- h-cp-am-\-am-h-s ,- I-gn-™- h¿-j-sØ- C-tX- Im-e-b-f-hn-ep-≈- 203.-70 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bn¬-\n-∂v- 88.-80 i-X-am-\w-h¿-[n-®v- 384.-59 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn.-_m-¶n-s‚- sam-Øw- _n-kn-\-kv-19.-65 i-X-am-\w- h¿-[n-®v- 48811 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn.- sam-Øw- \n-t£-]w-16.-81 i-X-am-\w- h¿-[n-®v- 27258 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bpw- sam-Øw- hm-bv-]- 23.-43 i-X-am-\w- h¿-[n-®v- 21553 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bpw- D-b¿-∂p.-

52009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛14A-`-n-]m-bw-

\m-ev-°-h-e-°m-gv-N-tXm-a-kv- a-Øm-bn- I-cn-°w-]-≈n¬-

bq-Wn-t^mw- [-cn-®-h¿- sXm-´p-X-tem-Sp-tºmƒ-kv-Xo-I-sf- I-≠m¬- H-∂p-

sXm-S-W-sa-∂pw- X-tem-S-W-sa-∂pw- B-K-ln-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv- tI-c-f-Øn¬- H-cp- \-√- i-X-am-\w- ]p-cp-j-∑m-cpw- F-∂p- kv-Xo-Iƒ- ]-d-bpw.- A-Xn-\p- ]m-b-t -Z-an-√-Xm-\pw.- bq-hm-°-tfm- a-[y-h-b-kv-°-tcm- A-ev-]w- ]m-bw- I-S-∂-h-tcm-B-I-s´,- _-kn-tem- sS-bn-\n-tem- I-b-dn-bm¬- Ip-d-™- ]-

£w- A-h¿- H-∂p- ap- n-bp-cp-am-sX-t]m-In-s√-∂m-Wv- ]-e- bp-h-Xn-I-fpw- km-£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.-

A-Sp-Ø- Im-e-Øm-bn- hn-tZ-i-Øp- \n-s∂-Øp-∂-h-cp-sS- t\¿-°pw- ]-®-bm-b- A-Xn-I-a-߃- \-S-°p-∂-Xv- hm¿-Ø-I-fn¬- \n-d-bp-∂-Xv- Im-Wp-∂p-≠-t√m.- A-h-sc-sXm-Sp-∂-Xp- sIm-≠p- Ip-g-∏-an-s√-∂pw- A-h¿- A-Xv- B-K-ln-°p-∂p-s≠-∂p-am-Wv- Sq-dn-Ãv- ssK-Up-I-fm-bn- N-a-™p- \-S-°p-∂- ]-e-cpw- ]-d-bm-dp-≈-Xv.- tI-c-f-Øn¬-B¿-°pw- Sq-dn-Ãv- ssK-Um-bn- hn-e-kmw- F-∂m-Wv- C-t∏m-g-sØ-ÿn-Xn.- kw-kv-Im-c-hpw- hn-Zym- ym-k-hpw- C-s√-¶n-epw- A-°q- ¿- hn-tZ-i- m-j-Iƒ- ]-Tn-®v- A-Xv- D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.- \m-Sp- Im-Wm≥- h-cp-∂-h-sc- h-f-bv-°m≥-A-h-c-ß-s\- X-bm-dm-bn- \n-ev-°p-I-bm-Wv.-

sS-bn≥- Im-Øn-cn-°p-∂- H-cp- hn-tZ-i- h-\n-X-sb- Np-‰n-∏-‰n-H-cp- \m-S≥- Im-gv-N-°m-c≥- \-S-°p-∂-Xp- I-≠p.- Bƒ-°m-scm-s°-i-≤n-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬- sXm-Sm≥- H-cp- A-h-k-c-hpw- e- n-°p-∂n-√.- A-h-km-\w- k-ln-sI- v- ssI-\o- n-tj-bv-°v- lm≥-Uv- B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂p.- F-¥m-Wv- Im-cy-sa-∂p- a-\-kn-em-Im-sX- \n-∂n-cp-∂- h-\n-X-i-eyw- H-gn-hm-I-s - F-∂p- I-cp-Xn-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww- ssI- \o- n- H-∂p-Ip-ep-°n- hn-´p.- A-t∏mƒ- A-bmƒ- D-d-s°- ]-d-bp-∂p.- Cu- a-

Zm-Ω- Ip-g-∏-an-√.- B¿-°pw- ssI-sIm-Sp-°mw,- sXm-Smw.- A-ß-s\-bm-Wv- ssZ-h-Øn-s‚- kz-¥w- \m-´n-se- hr-Øn-sI- -bmƒ-°m-cp-sS-Im-cy-߃.-

a-s‰m-cn-°¬- a-[y- tI-c-f-Øn-se- _-kv- Ãm≥-Un-se- H-cp- kw--hw.- _-kn¬- \n-∂v- C-d-ßn-t∏m-

Ip-∂- t]m-°n-\v- H-cp- bp-h- tIm-a-f≥- ap≥- h-i-sØ- I-ºn-bn¬-

]n-Sn-®p- ko-‰n¬- C-cp-∂n-cp-∂- H-cp- bp-h-Xn-bp-sS- ssI-bn¬- A-a-°n-∏n-Sn-®n- v- H-∂p-a-dn-bm-Ø-Xp-t]m-se- H-cp- C-d-ßn-t∏m-°v.- A-Xp- I-≠p- Iq-sS-bn-d-ßn-b- H-cp-bm-X-°m-c≥- A-bm-sf- ]n-¥p-S-cp-∂p.- ho-Sp- I-s≠-Øn- A-°m-cyw- kv-Xo-bp-sS- _-‘p-sh-∂- \n-e-bn¬- t\-cn- p- tNm-Zn-®-t∏mƒ-A-bmƒ- H-cp- ]q-®-°p-™m-bn- am-dn.- `m-cy-bpw- a-°-fpw- A-dn-bpw-ap≥-]v- tNm-Zn-®-bm-sf- H-gn-hm-°m-\m-bn-cp-∂p- i-aw.- \-√- tPm-en-bp-≈- k-aq-l-Øn¬- \-√- hn-e- I-ev-∏n-°p-∂- H-cmƒ- C-ß-s\-bm-Im-sa-¶n¬- H-cp- ta¬-hn-em-k-hp-an-√m-sX- Xn-c-°n¬- A-en-bp-∂-h¿-°v- F-¥p-am-Im-sa-t√m- F-∂v- hn-h-c-a-dn-™- \m- p-Im-cp-sS- B-fl-K-Xw.- C-ß-s\- Nn-e- ]-Xn-I-c-W-߃- D-≠m-bm¬- X-s∂- Ip-d-s®m-s°- am-‰-ap-≠m-Ipw.-

C-sXm-s°- k-aq-l-Øn¬- H-‰-s∏- ,- Xn-cn-®-dn-bm-\m-Im-Ø-h¿-\-S-Øp-∂- t]-°q-Øn¬-s∏-Sp-Ømw.- A-Xn-I-aw- Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-h¿- Nn-e-t∏mƒ- \-ev-Im-hp-∂- in-£- (A-Xv- F-¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-Xv- k-µ¿- w- t]m-en-cn-°pw-)- Nn-e-t∏mƒ- X-e-bn-te-t‰-≠n- h-t∂-°mw.- A-Xp- km-[m-c-W-a-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬- in-£-sb-°p-dn-t®m- A-Xp-≠m-°p-∂- A-h-tl-f-\-sØ-°p-dn-t®m- ]-e¿-°pw- -b-∏m-Sn-√.-kw-K-Xn- F-X-am-Xw- kp-Jw,- kp-J-I-c-am-bn- t]m-I-s - F-∂p- X-

s∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw- A-°q-´-cp-sS-\n-e-]m-Sv.-

]-t£- kw-K-Xn- h-j-fm-Ip-I-bm-sW-∂m-Wv- ]-e- ÿ-e-Øp-\n-∂p-ap-≈- kq-N-\-Iƒ.- bq-Wn-t^m-an- -h-cp-sS- kv-t\-l-X-tem-S-ep-Iƒ- B-Wv- C-t∏mƒ- H-cp- hn-√≥- ]-iv-\w.-

_-kp-I-fn-se- .-bq-Wn-t^m-an-

- I-≠-Iv-S¿-am-cp-sS- Sn-°-‰v- F-Sp-∏n-°m-\p-≈- tXm-≠¬- ÿn-cw-bm-X-°m-cp-sS- F-Xn¿-∏p-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ- \n-s∂-∂n-cn-°pw.- k-ln-°m-sX-bm-Ip-tºmƒ- A-h¿- t]-\-sIm-≠v- tXm-≠n- Xr-]v-Xn-b-S-bpw.- ss]-h-‰v- _-kp-I-fn-se-tUm¿- sN-°¿-am¿- Bƒ-°m¿- I-b-dp-tºmƒ- ]-Sn-bn¬- \n-∂v- sR-cp-°m-sX- C-d-ßn- \n-ev-°-W-sa-∂v- t]m-eo-kv- B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ- sN-bv-sX-∂n-cn-°pw.- A-h¿-°v- bq-Wn-t^mw- C-√m-Ø-Xn-

\m¬- kzm-X-¥yw- Iq-Sp-X-em-Wv.-bq-Wn-t^mw- [m-cn-I-fm-b-

t]m-eo-kp-Im-cp-sS- ap-∂n¬-s∏-Sp-∂- kv-Xo-Iƒ- C-°m-e-Øpw- sN-∂m-bp-sS- ap-∂n¬-s∏-Sp-∂- B-´n≥-Ip- n-I-sf- t]m-se-bm-Wv.- hm-

Zn-bm-tWm- ]-Xn-bm-tWm-F-∂-h¿-°p- t\m- -an-√.- o-£-Wn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥- i-co-c-Øv-]n-Sn-s®-∂n-cn-°pw.- tI- m-e-d-bv-°p-∂,- H-cn-°-epw- th-sd- B-tcm-Spw- ]-d-bm-\m-Im-Ø- No-Ø- hn-fn-s®-∂n-cn-°pw.- Im-Wm≥- sIm-≈m-hp-∂- bp-h-Xn-I-fm-sW-¶n¬-ho-≠pw- ho-≠pw- kv-t‰-j-\n-te-°v- hn-fn-∏n-s®-∂n-cn-°pw.-

sS-bn-\p-I-fn-se- Sn-°-‰v- F-Iv-km-an-\¿-am-cm-Wv- hn-√-∑m-cm-Iq-∂- a-s‰m-cp- bq-Wn-t^mw- [m-cn-

Iƒ.- H-‰-bv-°p- k-©-cn-°p-∂- kv-Xo-I-fp-sS- ta¬- A-°q- -cn¬- Nn-e¿-s°m-s°- H-cp- kv-t\-l- I-Æp-≠m-bn-cn-°pw.- H-cp- am-Xr-I- C-ß-s\.-

Bƒ-°m¿- \-S-°p-∂- h-i-

sØp-≈- _¿-Øn¬- dn-k¿-th-j-\n¬- e- n-®- ko-‰v- ku-I-cy-]-Z-am-bn- H-∂p- am-‰n-Ø-cm-tam- F-∂p- tNm-Zn-®- h-\n-X-tbm-Sv- Sn-°-‰v- F-Iv-km-an-\¿-:- t\m-°-s´,- i-cn-bm-°mw.- F-∂n- v- tXm-f-sØm-cp- sR-°¬.- F-∂n- v- A-tßm- p-an-tßm- pw- t]m-Ip-tºm-sg-√mw-A-tX- hm-N-Iw.- A-tX- ]-hr-Øn.-

B-h-iy-s∏- - _¿-Øv- In- n-√,.- F-∂m¬- A-tX- k-a-bw- "-]-hr-Øn-'- B-h¿-Øn-°p-sa-∂p- I-≠- A-h¿- a-‰p- k-l-bm-X-°m-tcm-Sv- tNm-Zn-®v- ku-I-cy-]-Z-am-b- _¿-Øv- I-c-ÿ-am-°n.-

C-Ø-cw- A-Xn-I-a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®v- ho- n¬- sN-∂v- ]-cm-Xn- ]-d-bp-∂- s]- -Ip- n-I-tfm-Sv- A-Ω-am¿- ]-d-™p- sIm-Sp-°pw.- Xn-cn-s®m-∂p- cq-£-am-bn- t\m-°n-bm¬- a-Xn.- A-tXm-sS- sXm-S-epw-tXm-≠-epw- \n-ev-°pw- F-∂v.- F-∂m¬- A-Xn-t∏mƒ- -e-]-Z-am-I-W-sa-∂n-√.- t\m-´w- sIm-s≠m-∂pw- ]-iv-\w- A-h-km-\n-°p-I-bp-an-√.- H-cp- s]-Æv- A-s√-¶n¬- a-s‰m-cp- s]-Æv- F-∂m-bn-cn-°pw- ]p-cp-j-∑m-cp-sS- a-\-kn¬.- ]-e- ]p-cp-j-∑m-cpw- ]n-Xr-\n¿-hn-ti-j-am-b- kv-t\-l-tØm-sS-bm-Wv- C-ß-s\- s]-cp-am-dp-∂-sX-∂- hm-Z-am-Wn-t∏mƒ- ]-e-t∏m-gpw- D-b¿-Øm-dp-≈-Xv.- B¿-°m-Wv- B- s]-cp-am-‰w- th-≠-sX-∂v- B¿-°pw- A-dn-™p-Iq-Sm.-

sXm- p- X-tem-S¬-Im-sc- F-ß-s\- t\-cn-S-W-sa-∂v- B¿-°p-a-dn-bn-√.- tIm-f-Pv- hn-Zym¿-Yn-\n-Iƒ- tk- v-‰n-]n-∂p-am-bn- m-Wv- \-S-∏-tX.- A-Xn-s‚-sbm-s°- ]-tbm-Kw- F-X-am-Xw,- F-ß-s\-]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-bn- \-S-°m-\m-Wv-?- \m-´p-Im-sc-sb-√mw- \-∂m-°m≥- \m-fp-I-sf-Sp-°pw.- A-Xn-\p-B-h-iy-am-b- t_m-[-h-Xv-I-c-Ww-\-S-Øn-s°m-t≠-bn-cn-°-Ww.- F-∂m¬- kv-Xo-I-sf- bm-sXm-cp- Im-c-W-h-im-epw- H-cp- X-c-Øn-epw-sXm-S-cp-sX-∂v- D-Ø-c-hp- \-ev-In-\-S-∏n-em-°n-bm¬- _-kn-te-bpw-sS-bn-\n-te-bpw- t]m-eo-kn-te-bpw- bq-Wn-t^m-an- -h-cp-sS- ssI-Ø-cn-∏v- A-tXm-sS- \n-ev-°pw.- A-tXm-sS- h≥-tXm-Xn¬- A-c-tß-dp-∂- H-cp- kv-Xo-]o-U-\-am-bn-cn-°pw- A-h-km-\n-°p-I.- tIm-f-Pv-X-e-Øn¬- s]- -Ip- n-Iƒ-°v- F-ß-s\- Xn-cn-®p- s]-cp-am-d-W-sa-∂p-≈-Xn-\v- B-h-iy-am-b- t_m-[-h-Xv-I-c-Ww- \-S-Øp-I-bpw- th-Ww.-

tI-c-f- `m-Ky-°p-dn-bp-sS- ]n-Xm-hv- Ip-™-√-!-

tI-c-f- kw-ÿm-\- `m-Ky-°p-dn- A-∂-sØ- C.-Fw.-F-kv.-\-ºq-Xn-cn-∏m-Sv- a-¥n- k-`-bn-se- [-\-Im-cy- h-Ip-∏v- a-¥n-bm-bn-cp-∂- ]n.-sI.-Ip-™p- km-ln-_n-s‚- au-eo-Im-i-bw- (s_-bn≥- ssN¬-Uv-)- B-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv- tI-c-f- k¿-°m-cn-s‚-`m-Ky-°p-dn- h-Ip-∏n-s‚- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- sh-_v-ssk-‰m-b- tI-c-f-tem- -do-kv- tUm- v- tIm-an¬- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv.- kw-ÿm-\- hn-I-k-\-Øn-\p-≈- hn--h- k-am-l-c-W-hpw- kz-Im-cy-

`m-Ky-°p-dn-I-fp-sS- \n-b-¥-W-hpw - e -£y-am -°n -bm -Wv -

∂n¬- I-≠-Xv.- tI-c-f-sØ- am-Xr-I-bm-°n- a-‰p- ]-e- kw-ÿm-\-ß-fpw- ]n-∂o-Sv- tem- -dn- B-cw- n-®p.- F-∂m¬- hn-izm-ky-X-bn¬- C-∂pw- tI-c-f- m-Ky-°p-dn-bm-Wv- ap-∂n-se-∂v- k¿-°m¿-A-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p.- C-¥y-bn¬- B-Zyw- C-∂pw- ap-∂n¬-F-∂m-Wv- tI-c-f- m-Ky-°p-dn-bp-sS- ap-Zm-hm-Iyw.- 1967˛-68˛¬-h-Ip-∏n-s‚- h-cp-am-\w- B-dp- e-£w- cq-]- em- -tØm-sS- 20 e-£w- cq-]-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬-2006 -07˛¬- 36.-36 tIm-Sn- cq-]-em- -tØm-sS- 236.-15 tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-bn.-

1967˛¬- tem- -dn- h-Ip-∏v- ÿm-]n-®-Xv.- k¿-°m-cn-\v- \-s√m-cp- \n-Ip-Xn-tb-X-c- h-cp-am-\-am-bn-cp-∂p- ap-

`m-Ky-°p-dn- ]n.-sI.-Ip-™n-s‚- B-i-b-sa-∂v- k¿-°m¿-

`-c-W-kv-a-c-W-Iƒ-_n.-sh-√nw-Kv-S- -

hm-N-I-°-k¿-Øv-

]n.-sI.-Ip-™v-

tI-c-f- k¿-°m¿- \-S-Øp-∂- m-Ky-°p-dn- B-cw- n-®-Xv- [-\-Im-cy- a-¥n-bm-b- ]n.-sI.-Ip-™v-B-sW-∂m-Wv- s]m-Xp-th- ]-d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- ]-e-cpw- ]-e- k-µ¿- -ß-fn-epw- ]-e- te-J-\-ß-fn-epw-A-ß-s\-bm-Wv- ]-cm-a¿-in-°p-∂-

Xpw.- tI-c-f- m-Ky-°p-dn-bp-sS- ]n-Xm-hv- F-∂m-Wv- Ip-™v- A-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- F-∂m¬- A-Xn-s‚- ]n-∂n-ep-≈- kw- -hw- ]-e¿-°pw- A-dn-bn-√.- G-Xm-bm-epw- tI-c-f- m-Ky-°p-dn-bp-sS- ]n-Xm-hv- Ip-™-√!-

F-d-Wm-Ip-fw- C-‚¿-\m-j-W¬- tlm- -en¬- tUm-Iv-S¿-am-cp-sS- H-cp- k-tΩ-f-\w- \-S-∂n-cp-∂p.-ap≥- a-¥n-bpw- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-P-Uv-Pn-bp-am-b- hn.-B¿.-Ir-jv-W-ø¿- B-bn-cp-∂p- k-tΩ-f-\w- D-Zv-Lm-S-\w- sN-bv-X-Xv.- kzm-K-X- ]-kw-Kw- \-S-Øn-b- tUm-Iv-S¿- tI-c-f-Øn-se- B-tcm-Ky-kw-c-£-W-Øn-s‚- km-º-Øn-I- ]-cm-[o-\-X- k-hn-kv-X-cw- ]-Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cp-∂p.- th-≠-X- hn- -h-ß-fp-sS- A-`m-hw- sIm-≠v- Xr-]v-Xn-bm-bn- tk-h-\w- sN-øm≥- I-gn-bp-∂n-s√-∂p-kq-Nn-∏n-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp.-

Cu- ]-cm-a¿-iw- D-Zv-Lm-S-I- ]-kw-K-I-s‚- i-≤-bn¬- s]- p.- B-tcm-Ky- kw-c-£-W-cw-Kw- I-ao-I-

cn-t°-≠-Xn-t‚-bpw- Xr-]v-Xn-I-c-am-bn- ]-h¿-Øn-t°-≠-Xn-t‚-bpw-B-h-iy-I-X-sb- Ir-jv-W-ø¿- Nq-≠n-°m-´n.- th-Zn-bn¬- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂- B-tcm-Ky- a-¥n-bm-b- F-t∂m-Sv- ]-Ww- kz-cq-]n-°m≥- tKm-hm- tem- -dn-bp-sS- am-Xr-I-bn¬-

k¿-°m-cn-\v- H-cp- tem- -dn- Xp-S-ßn-°q-tS- F-∂p- tNm-Zn-®p.- Hm-tcm- m-Ky-°p-dn-bpw- Hm-tcm- ]-tXy-I- e-£yw- F-Sp-Øp-Im- n-bm-Wv- \-S-

\-Øn-s‚- hn-hn-[- m-K-ß-fn¬- in-ip-Nn-In-’m- tI-µ-߃,- a-e-º-\n-\n¿-am¿-P-\w,- £-b-tcm-K- ]-Xn-tcm-[- ]-h¿-Ø-\-߃,- Ip-jv-T-tcm-K- Nn-In-’m- cw-Kw- F-∂n-ß-s\.-

C-Ø-cw- Im-cy-߃- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-®v- ]-kw-Kn-®-t∏mƒ- k-Z-ky¿-°v- Xm-Xv-]-cyw- tXm-∂n.- Ir-jv-W-ø-cp-sS- \n¿-tZ-iw- ]-iw-k-\o-b-am-sW-∂pw- A-Xp- ]-hr-Øn-bn¬-sIm-≠p-h-cm≥- i-an-°p-sa-∂pw-F-s‚- ]-kw-K-Øn¬- ]-Jym-]n-®-Xv- l¿-jm-c-h-tØm-sS- k-Z-ky¿- kzo-I-cn-®p.-

tem-´-dn- \-S-Øn-∏p- kw-_-‘n-®v- H-cp- t]m-P-Iv-Sv- dn-t∏m¿- v-

Rm≥- Im-_n-\-‰n¬- k-a¿-∏n-®p.-A-Xp- ssI-bn¬- In- n-b- [-\-Im-cy- a-¥n- ]n.-sI.-Ip-™v- A-Sp-Ø-a-¥n-k-`m-tbm-K-Øn¬- F-s‚-\n¿-tZ-i-Øn-\v- C-S-t¶m-en-´p.-tem- -dn- \-S-Øn-∏v- km-º-Øn-I-hn-j-b-am-sW-∂pw- A-Xv- B-tcm-Ky- h-Ip-∏v- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øm≥-]m-Sn-√m-sb-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂p- Ip-™n-s‚- hm-Zw.- tem- -dn- ssI-Im-cyw- sN-tø-≠-Xv- X-s‚- [-\-Im-cy- h-Ip-∏v- B-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂pw-Ip-™v- A- n-]m-b-s∏- p.- Rm≥-A-Xn-s\-sbm-s°- J-fin-®p.-

N¿-®- Nq-Sp- ]n-Sn-®-t∏mƒ- ap-Jy-a-¥n- B- hn-j-bw- A-Sp-Ø-Im-_n-\-‰n-te-°v- am-‰n-h-®p.- A-Sp-Ø- Im-_n-\-‰v- tbm-K-Øn¬- [-\-Im-cy- h-Ip-∏v- tem- -dn- \-S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-≈- t\m- p-am-bn- m-Wv- [-\-Im-cy- a-¥n- h-∂-Xv.- Xp-S¿-∂p-≈- aq-∂p- Im-_n-\-‰v- tbm-K-Øn-epw- m-Ky-°p-dn- Nq-Sp-]n-Sn-®- hm-Z-]-Xn-hm-Z-߃-°v- hn-j-b-am-bn.-

A-h-km-\w- H-cp- tbm-K-Øn¬- "-"-F-¥n-\m- Ip-™m-im-s\- F-s‚- sh-√nw-Kv-S- - F-Xn¿-°p-∂-Xv.- A-t±-lw- tem- -dn- \-S-Øn-s°m-≈-s -'-'- F-∂v- Fw.-F≥.-tKm-hn-µ≥- \m-b¿- D-d-s°- ]-d-™p.- ]n-s∂- Rm≥- F-Xn¿-Øn-√.- A-ß-s\-bm-Wv- ]n.-sI.-Ip-™v- tem- -dn- B-cw- n-®-Xv.- Ip-™v-tem- -dn- \-S-Øn-b- Im-e-sØ- I-a-t°-Sp-I-sf-∏-‰n- ]-X-ß-fn¬- h-∂- hn-a¿-i-\-߃- Hm¿-°p-∂p.-

tØ-≠-sX-∂pw- A-t±-lw- ]-d-™p.- D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v- kw-ÿm-

]-g-b- s] -hm-Wn- -t°-kv- A-t\z-jn-®v- Ip-‰-°m-sc- I-s≠-Øp-sa-∂p- ]-Jym-]n-®- ap-Jy-a-¥n-°v- C-t∏mƒ- A-∂-sØ- hn-sF-]n-Iƒ- B-sc-∂p-t]m-epw- A-dn-bn-√.-

˛kn.-B¿.-\o-e-I-Wv-T≥-kn-]n-F-w- A-[n-Im-c-Øn-

se-Øp-tºmƒ- ÿm-\-am-\-߃- \¬-In- A-\p-K-ln-°m-\pw- \o-c-kw- tXm-∂p-tºmƒ- N-hn´n-∏p-d-Øm-°n- A-]-am-\n-°m-\pw- I-gn-bp-∂- hn-[-Øn-te-°v-im-kv-X-km-ln-Xy- ]-cn-j-Øv-t\-Xm-°ƒ- \o-ßn-b-Xv- B- kw-L-S-\-sb- P-\-Io-b- k-a-c-ß-fn¬-\n-∂v- ]q¿-W-am-bn- A-I-‰n-\n¿-Øn.-

˛tUm.- Sn.-Sn.-io-Ip-am¿-ssI-X-]w- Zq-c-Z¿-i-

\n¬- H-cp- ]-cn-]m-Sn- Ip-td-°m-ew- sIm-≠p-\-S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.- "]-fl-io- tb-ip-Zm-kv- B-e-]n-®-B- kp-µ-c-Km-\w- C-t∏mƒ- C-hn-sS- \-Ωp-sS- ]-ø-∏n-≈n- k-Z-m-\-µ≥- B-e-]n-°p-∂-Xv- tIƒ-°mw'- F-∂- ]-I-cw-h-bv-°¬.-tb-ip-Zm-kv- kp-µ-c-am-bn- ]m-Sn-h-®p-I-gn-™- H-cp- Km-\w- F-¥n-\m-Wv- \-sΩ- k-¶-S-s∏-Sp-Øm≥-th-≠n- am-Xw- H-cp- k-Z-m-\-µ≥-]m-Sp-∂-Xv?

˛F-kv.-c-ta-i≥- \m-b¿-

B-sc-∂-dn-bn-√-

2009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛146\n-b-aw-

hn-iz-k-\o-b-am-b- sX-fn-hp-I-fn-√m-sX-bp-≈-in-£- \o-Xn-\n-tj-[w-:- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-

hn-iz-k-\o-b-hpw- hy-‡-am-b-Xp-am-b- sX-fn-hp-I-fn-√m-sX- km-£n- sam-gn-I-sf- am-Xw- B-[m-c-am-°n- H-cm-sf- in-£n-°p-∂-Xv- \-·-am-b- \o-Xn-\n-tj-[-hpw- A-]-I-S-I-c-hp-am-sW-∂v- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn.-

]-©m-_n-se- ]m-Sym-e- kz-tZ-in-bm-b- P¿-W-bn¬-knw-Kn-s\- sIm-e-]m-X-I-t°-kn¬- Po-h-]-cy-¥w- X-S-hp-in-£-bv-°p- hn-[n-®- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-hn-[n- d-±m-°n- Ip-‰-hn-ap-‡-\m-°n-s°m-≠p-≈- hn-[n-bn-em-Wv- ]-cm-a¿-iw.- \m-S-Io-b-X- \n-d-™-Xpw- ssh-cp-[y-ß-fp-≈-Xp-am-b- sX-fn-hp-Iƒ- H-cn-°-epw- hy-‡-am-b- sX-fn-hm-bn- Im-Wm-\m-In-s√-∂v- P-Ão-kv-A¬-Xmw- F-kv.- Im-_n¿,- P-Ãn-kv- ap-Ip-µm-Imw- i¿-Ω- F-∂n-h-c-S-ßn-b- _-©v- hy-‡-am-°n.-

kw- -h-hp-am-bn- t\-cn- p-_-‘-ap-≈- km-l-N-cy-sØ-fn-hp-I-tfm,- h-kv-Xp-Xm-]-c-am-b- a-‰p- sX-fn-hp-I-tfm- B-[m-c-am-°n- am-X-ta- H-cm-sf- in-£n-°m-hq-sh-∂pw- ]-c-kv-]-c-_-‘-an-√m-Ø- km-l-N-cy-sØ-fn-hp-I-fp-tS-bpw- km-£n-sam-gn-I-fp-sS-bpw- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- in-£- hn-[n-°p-∂-Xv- Kp-cp-X-c-am-sW-∂pw- tIm-S-Xn- Iq- n-t®¿-Øp.-

1993 \-hw-_¿- 15˛-\v- ]-©m-_n-se- ]m-Sym-e-kz-tZ-in-bm-b- Sm-Iv-kn- ssU-h¿- dmw-Xm-dn-s\- Ip-Øn-s°m-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- tI-kn-em-Wv- P¿-W-bn¬-knw-Kn-s\- sX-fn-hp-I-fn-s√-∂- Im-c-W-Øm¬- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn- Ip-‰-hn-ap-‡-\m-°n-b-Xv.- \n¿-tZ-in-®- h-gn-bn-eq-sS- Im-tdm-Sn-°m≥- X-bm-dm-Im-Xn-cp-∂-dmw-Xm-dn-s\- P¿-W-bn¬-knw-Kv- Ip-Øn-s°m-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-∂m-Wv- t]m-kn-Iyq-j≥- tI-kv.-

Zr-Iv-km-£n- sam-gn- ]-[m-\- sX-fn-hm-bn- kzo-I-cn-®- sk-j≥-kv- tIm-S-Xn- P¿-W-bn¬-knw-Kn-s\-Po-h-]-cy-¥w- X-S-hn-\p-in-£n-®p.- tI-kv- ]-cn-K-Wn-®- ssl-t°m-S-Xn,- F-∂m¬,- in-£- i-cn-h-s®-¶n-epw- in-£m-Im-em-h-[n- A-©p-h¿-j-am-bn- Ip-d-®p.-C-tX-Øp-S¿-∂m-Wv- P¿-W-bn¬-knw-Kv- kp-]ow-tIm-S-Xn-sb- k-ao-]n-®-Xv.-

l¿-Po-µ¿- F-∂-bm-fp-sS- km-£n-sam-gn-bp-sS-A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p- P¿-W-bn¬-knw-Kn-s\-in-£n-®-Xv.- F-∂m¬,- F- v.-sF.- B-dn-epw- hn-Nm-c-W-th-f-bn-epw- l¿-Po-µ¿- \¬-In-b- sam-gn-Iƒ- ]-c-kv-]-c-hn-cp-≤-am-sW-∂v- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn- I-s≠-Øn.-

`m-cy-tbm-Sp-≈- s]-cp-am-‰w-B-fl-l-Xym- t]-c-W-b-√-

`m-cy-tbm-Sp-≈- Iq-c-am-b- s]-cp-am-‰w- B-fl-l-Xy-bv-°p-≈- t]-c-W-bm-bn- I-W-°m-°m-\m-In-s√-∂p- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn.-

B-fl-l-Xy- sN-øm≥- t]-cn-∏n-®-Xn-\p- t\-cn-t´m- A-√m-sX-tbm-bp-≈- sX-fn-hp- th-W-sa-∂pw-]o-Un-∏n-®p-sh-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p- am-Xw- t]-c-Wm-°p-‰-am-bn- Im-Wm-\m-In-s√-∂pw- P-Ãn-kv- A-cn-Pn-Xv- ]-km-b-Øv,- P-Ãn-kv- A-tim-Iv- Ip-am¿- Kmw-Kp-en- F-∂n-h-c-S-ßn-b- _-©v- Nq-≠n-°m- n.-

kv-Xo-[-\- ]o-U-\-Øn-s‚- t]-cn¬- Kp-P-dm-Øv-kz-tZ-in- Im-¥-s_≥- B-fl-l-Xy- sN-øm-\n-S-bm-bn- F-∂v- B-tcm-]n-°-s∏-´- tI-kn¬- ¿-Øm-hv-In-j≥-Kn-cn- aw-Kƒ-Kn-cn- tKm-kzm-an-sb- Ip-‰-hn-ap-‡-\m-°n-sb-¶n-epw- kv-Xo-[-\- \n-tcm-[-\- tI-kn¬-

Ip-‰-°m-c-\m-sW-∂p- hn-[n-®-Xn-s\-Xn-tc-bm-Wv- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-sb- k-ao-]n-®-Xv.-

kn-\n-a-bn¬- ]p-I-h-en-bm-Im-sa-∂v-U¬-ln- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-

kn-\n-a-bn¬- I-Ym-]m-X-߃-°v- ]p-I-h-en-°m≥- A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-In- U¬-ln- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- D-Ø-c-hn- p.-

2006 -em-Wv- kn-\n-a-bn¬- Xm-c-߃- ]p-I-h-en-°p-∂-Xp- X-S-™p- sIm-≠v- k¿-°m¿- D-Ø-c-hn-d-°n-b-Xv.- C-Xn-s\-Xn-tc- kw-hn-[m-b-I≥- a-tl-jv- -v- k-a¿-∏n-®- l¿-Pn-bn-em-Wv- U¬-ln- ssl-t°m-

S-Xn-bp-sS- hn-[n.-]p-I- h-en- cw-K-߃- Nn-Xo-I-cn-°p-I- F-∂-Xv-

H-cp- I-em-Im-c-s‚- B-hn-jv-Im-c- kzm-X-¥y-Øn-s‚-`m-K-am-sW-∂p- tIm-S-Xn- hn-e-bn-cp-Øn.-

i-_v-Z-a-en-\o-I-c-Ww- I¿-i-\-am-bn-\n-b-¥n-°-Ww-:- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-B-ip-]-Xn-Iƒ-°pw- kv-Iq-fp-Iƒ-°pw- tIm-S-

Xn-Iƒ-°pw- 100 ao-‰¿- Np-‰-f-hn¬- i-_v-Z-a-en-\o-I-c-Ww- \n-b-¥n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈- \n-b-a-hy-h-ÿ- I¿-i-\-am-bn- \-S-∏m-°m≥- tI-c-f-ssl-t°m-S-Xn- kw-ÿm-\- No- v- sk-I- -dn-°v- \n¿-tZ-iw- \¬-In.-

\n-i-_v-Z- ta-J-e-bm-bn- ]-Jym- ]n-t°-Wv-S- B-ip-]-Xn-Iƒ- t]m-ep-≈- ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS- k-ao-]w-hm-l-\-߃- hn-th-N-\-c-ln-X-am-bpw- A-\n-b-¥n-X-am-bpw- tlm- - ap-g-°n- i-_v-Z-a-en-\o-I-c-Ww- kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂-Xp- X-S-b-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏- v- sIm-®n-sF.-Fw.-F- ]-kn-U-‚ v- G-_-lmw- sI.-t]m-fpw-a-‰pw- k-a¿-∏n-®- l¿-Pn-bn-em-Wv- B-Iv-Snw-Kv- No- v-P-Ão-kv- sP.-_n- tIm-in,- P-Ão-kv- hn.-Kn-cn- F-∂n-h-cpƒ-s∏- - Un-hn-j≥- _-©n-s‚- D-Ø-c-hv.-

]-cm-Xn-°m-c-s\- D-S-a-ÿ-\m-°n-;-A-t\z-jn-°m≥- D-Ø-c-hv-

A-\-[n-Ir-X-sI- n-Sw- s]m-fn-®p-am-‰m≥- s]m-Xp-Xm¬-]-cy-l¿-Pn- \¬-In-b- ]-cm-Xn-°m-c≥- hn-Pn-e≥-kn-s‚- A-t\z-j-W- dn-t∏m¿- n¬- D-S-a-bm-bn- am-dn-b- kw- -hw- A-t\z-jn-°m≥- Xr-iq¿- hn-Pn-e≥-kv- tIm-S-Xn- D-Ø-c-hn- p.-

A-t\z-j-Ww- \-S-Øn-b- hn-Pn-e≥-kv- D-tZym-K-ÿ¿,- sI- n-Sw- ]-Wn-°v- A-\p-a-Xn- \¬-In-b- tIm¿-∏-td-j≥- A-[n-Ir-X¿- F-∂n-h¿-s°-Xn-tc-bm-Wv- A-t\z-j-W-Øn-\v- hn-Pn-e≥-kv- P-Uv-Pn- ]n.-Iyp- _¿-°-Ø-en- D-Ø-c-hn- -Xv.-

s]m-Xp-]-h¿-Ø-I≥- ]n.-Un- tPm-k- v- A-\-[n-Ir-X- sI- n-S-Øn-s\-Xn-tc- hn-Pn-e≥-kv- tIm-S-Xn-bn¬- c-≠m-bn-c-Øn¬- \-ev-In-b- l¿-Pn-bn¬- A-t\z-j-W-Øn-\p- tIm-S-Xn- D-Ø-c-hn- n-cp-∂p.- h¿-j-߃-°p- ti-jw- 2009 P-\p-h-cn-bn¬- hn-Pn-e≥-kv-Un-ssh-F-kv-]n- \¬-In-b- dn-t∏m¿- n-em-Wv- ]-cm-Xn-°m-c≥- sI- n-S-ap-S-a-bm-bn- am-dn-b-Xv.-

A-\-[n-Ir-X- \n¿-am-W-sØ-°p-dn-®v- hn-Pn-e≥-kv- H-cp- A-t\z-j-W-hpw- \-S-Øn-bn- n-s√-∂pw- h≥-A-gn-a-Xn- C-Xn-\p- ]p-d-In-ep-s≠-∂pw- tPm-k- v- tIm-S-Xn-sb- A-dn-bn-®p.- C-tX-Øp-S¿-∂m-Wp- tI-sk-Sp-Øv- A-t\z-jn-°m≥- hn-Pn-e≥-kv- tIm-S-Xn- D-Ø-c-hn- -Xv.-

Pn-√m- P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- \n-b-a-\w-Xo¿-∏v- A-\p-k-cn-®v-

\o-Xn-\ym-b- h-Ip-∏n¬- Pn-√m- P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS-t\-cn- p-≈- \n-b-a-\w- C-Xp-kw-_-‘n-®- l¿-Pn-bn-se- Xo¿-∏n-\p- hn-t[-b-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v- tI-c-f-ssl-t°m-S-Xn- D-Ø-c-hm-bn.-

_m-dn¬-\n-∂v- t\-cn- v- Pn-√m- P-Uv-Pn-am-sc- \n-b-an-°p-∂-Xn-\v- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- c-Pn-kv-Sm¿- X-bm-dm-°n-b- en-Ãv- d-±m-°-W-sa-∂m-h-iy-s∏- v- h-©n-bq¿- E-jn-aw-K-ew- kz-tZ-in- ]n.-B-i- k-a¿-∏n-®- l¿-Pn-bn-em-Wv- P-Ão-kv- Sn.-B¿- cm-a-N-µ≥- \m-b-cp-sS- C-S-°m-e- D-Ø-c-hv.-

Pn-√m- P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- t\-cn- p-≈- \n-b-a-\-Øn-\v- 2007 G-]n¬- 16 -\m-Wv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- c-Pn-kv-Sm¿- hn-⁄m-]-\w- ]p-d-s∏-Sp-hn-®n-cp-∂-Xv.- C-Xn¬-

A-t]-£-I-cp-sS- D-b¿-∂- ]m-b-]-cn-[n-47 h-b-km-bn- \n-›-bn-®n-cp-s∂-¶n-epw-Ip-d-™- ]m-b-]-cn-

[n- \n-›-bn-®n-cp-∂n-√.- ]n-∂o-Sv- F-gp-Øp-]-co-£-bv-°pw- hm-Nm- ]-co-£-bv-°pw-ti-jw- N- -߃- t -Z-K-Xn- sN-bv-Xv- Ip-d-™- ]m-b-]-cn-[n- 35 h-b-km-bn- \n-›-bn-®-Xp- \n-b-a-hn-cp-≤-am-sW-∂m-Wv- l¿-Pn-bn-se- hm-Zw.-

P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- kz-Øv-:- kp-]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bp-sS- l¿-Pn-

kp-]ow-tIm-S-Xn- P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- kz-Øp-hn-h-c-߃- sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa-∂- tI-µ-hn-h-cm-h-Im-i- I-Ωo-j-s‚- D-Ø-c-hn-s\-Xn-sc- kp-]ow-tIm-S-Xn- No- v- P-Ão-kv- sI.-Pn.- _m-e-Ir-jv-W≥- U¬-ln- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bn¬- l¿-Pn- \¬-In.-

\o-Xn- \-S-Øn-°n- p-∂-Xn-\m-bn- Io-gv-tIm-S-Xn-bm-b- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-sb- kq-]ow- tIm-S-Xn- k-ao-]n-°p-∂-Xv- C-¥y≥- \o-Xn-\ym-b-hy-h-ÿ-bn-se- A-Xy-]q¿-h- kw- -h-am-Wv.-

kp-]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bn-se- P-Uv-Pn-am¿- kz-Øp-hn-h-c-߃- No- v- P-Ão-kn-s\- A-dn-bn-°-W-sa-∂v-Ir-Xy-am-bn- \n-b-sam-∂pw- C-¥y-bn¬- \n-e-hn-en-√.- F-¶n¬-t∏m-epw- F-√m- P-Uv-Pn-am-cpw- No- v- P-Ão-kn-s\- kz-Øp-hn-h-c-߃- A-dn-bn-°m-dp-≈-Xm-Wv.- ]-s£- C-Xv- ]-c-ky-am-°p-∂-Xn-\v- \n-b-a-]-c-am-bn- _m-[y-X-bn-s√-∂m-Wv- No- v- P-Ão-kv- sI.-Pn.- _m-e-Ir-jv-W-s‚- hm-Zw.-

P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- kz-Øp-hn-h-cw- sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv- kw-_-‘n-®v- P-\p-h-cn- B-dn-\m-Wv- tI-µ- hn-h-cm-h-Im-i- I-Ωo-j≥- D-Ø-c-hn- -Xv.- P-Uv-Pn-am-cp-sS- kz-Øp-°-sf-°p-dn-®v- sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏- n- p-s≠- F-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v- ]-Øp- Zn-h-k-Øn-\p-≈n¬-

]-ta-l- ]m-Z-tcm-K- ssh-I-eyw-:- ]m-Z-tO-Zw- H-gn-hm-°m≥- i-kv-X-In-b-

hn-h-c-߃- \¬-I-W-sa-∂v- kp-]ow- tIm-S-Xn-bn-se-s]m-Xp-hn-h-cm-h-Im-i- Hm- o-k¿-°m-Wv- hn-h-cm-h-Im-i- I-Ωo-j≥- D-Ø-c-hv- \¬-In-b-Xv.- hn-h-cm-h-Im-i- I-Ωo-j-s‚- D-Ø-c-hn-s\-Xn-sc- l¿-Pn- \¬-tI-≠-Xv- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-bn-em-I-W-sa-∂-Xn-\m-em-Wv- kp-]ow-tIm-S-Xn- No- v- P-Ão-kv- U¬-ln- ssl-t°m-S-Xn-sb- k-ao-]n-®-Xv.-

1997 sa-bv- G-gn-\v- D-≠m-b- kq-]ow-tIm-S-Xn- D-Ø-c-hv- ]-Im-cw- kp-]ow-tIm-S-Xn- P-Uv-Pn-am¿- kz-Øp-hn-h-c-߃- No- v- P-Ão-kn-s\- A-dn-bn-°-W-sa-∂v- am-X-sa- hy-‡-am-°p-∂p-≈p.- C-Xv- G-sX-¶n-epw- hn-[-Øn-ep-≈- s]m-Xp-tc-J-b-s√-∂pw- ]-c-kv-]-c-hn-izm-k-Øm-ep-≈- H-cp- hn-h-c-ssI-am-‰w- am-X-am-sW-∂pw- P-Ão-kv- sI.-Pn.-_m-e-Ir-jv-W≥- kq-Nn-∏n-°p-∂p.- tZ-io-b- hn-h-cm-h-Im-i- \n-b-a-]-Im-cw- kz-Im-cy-hn-h-c-߃- ssI-am-dm≥- B-In-s√-∂pw- A-Xn-\m¬- e- n-®n- p-≈- hn-h-c-߃- ]-c-ky-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-\v- \n-b-aw- A-\p-hm-Zw- \¬-Ip-∂n-s√-∂p-am-Wv- l¿-Pn-bn¬- No- v- P-Ão-kv- hy-‡-am-°p-∂-Xv.-

hr-°-hm-Wn- w-:- \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ-A-dn-bn-°-Ww-

A-\-[n-Ir-X- hr-°-hm-Wn- -sØ-∏-dn-bp-≈- A-t\z-j-W- dn-t∏m¿- n-t∑¬- kzo-I-cn-®- \-S-]-Sn-I-f-dn-bn-°m≥- tI-c-f- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- k¿-°m-cn-\v- D-Ø-c-hv- \-ev-In.-

2002˛¬- k-a¿-∏n-°-s∏- - A-t\z-j-W- dn-t∏m¿-´n¬- ssI-s°m-≠- \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ- F-s¥-√m-am-sW-∂p- K-h- -sa-‚ v- πo-U¿-°v- A-dn-bn-°m≥- I-gn-bm-Ø- km-l-N-cy-Øn-em-Wv- P-Ão-kv- F-kv.-kn-cn-P-K≥- k¿-°m-cn-t\m-Sv- dn-t∏m¿- v- tX-Sn-b-Xv.-

dn-t∏m¿- n-s‚- A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn¬- Nn-e- \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ- D-≠m-bn- p-s≠-∂p- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- \m-j-W¬-B-ip-]-Xn-°p- th-≠n- lm-P-cm-b- A- n- m-j-I≥-]-d-™p.-

Ip-‰m-tcm-]n-X-cp-am-bp-≈- N¿-®-D-tZym-K-ÿ¿- tIƒ-t°-≠-

In-an-\¬- tI-kn¬- I-Ã-Un-bn-ep-≈- Ip-‰m-tcm-]n-X-cp-am-bn- A- n- m-j-I¿- Iq-Sn-°m-gv-N-bpw- N¿-®-bpw- \-S-Øp-tºmƒ- A-t\z-j-W- D-tZym-K-ÿ¿- C-h-cp-sS- kw- m-j-Ww- tIƒ-°-Ø-°- Zq-c-Øn¬- D-≠m-I-cp-sX-∂p- tI-c-f- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- hy-‡-am-°n.-

kn-ÿ- A- -b- tI-kn¬- ]-Xn-I-sf- k-µ¿-in-°m≥- A-\p-a-Xn- \¬-In-b-t∏mƒ- A-t\z-j-W- D-tZym-K-ÿ¿- k-ao-]-Øp-Wv-Sm-I-W-sa-∂v- D-t±-in-®n-´n-s√-∂pw- P-Ão-kv- B¿.- _-k-¥v- hy-‡-am-°n.-

C-Ø-cw- km-l-N-cy-ß-fn¬- A- n- m-j-I-cpw- ]-Xn-I-fpw- X-Ωn¬- \-S-Øp-∂- kw- m-j-Ww- tIƒ-°m≥-X-°- Zq-c-Øn¬- A-t\z-j-W- D-tZym-K-ÿ≥-]m-Sn-s√-∂- Im-cyw- A-dn-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p- th-≠n- D-Ø-c-hn-s‚- ]-I¿-∏v- a-Pn-kv-tS-‰p-am¿-°-b-®p- sIm-Sp-°m-\pw- ssl-t°m-S-Xn- \n¿-tZ-in-®n- p-≠y-

kn.-_n.-sF- I-Ã-Un-bn-em-bn-cp-∂- X-ß-sf- \-hw-_¿- 25 -\v- A- n- m-j-I¿- I-≠v- kw-km-cn-°p-tºmƒ- tI-k-t\z-j-I-cp-sS- km-∂n-[yw- D-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂v- A- -b- tI-kn-se- Ip-‰m-tcm-]n-X¿- ]-cm-Xn-s∏- n-cp-∂p.-

]-ta-l- ]m-Z-tcm-K- ssh-I-ey-sØ- ]m-Z-tO-Zw H-gn-hm-°n-s°m-≠v- ]p-\-:-ÿm-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-≈-\q-X-\- i-kv-X-In-b-Iƒ- tI-c-f-Øn-epw.-

C-¥y-bn¬- 45 Z-i-e-£-Øn-e-[n-Iw- P-\-߃-°v- ]-ta-l- tcm-Kap-s≠-∂v- I-W-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.-A-Xn¬- A≥-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-Øn-e-[n-Iw- t]¿-°v- ]-ta-l- ]m-Z-tcm-K-hp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏- v- Hm-tcm- h¿-jhpw- ]m-Z-tO-Zw- sN-tø-≠-Xm-bn- h-cp-∂p.- ]-ta-l- tcm-Kn-I-fn¬- R-c-ºp-ho-°-hpw- Ip-d-™- c-‡-]-hm-l-hpw- aq-ew- ]m-Z-Øn-\pw- ]m-Z-Øn-s‚- hn-c-ep-Iƒ-°pw- A-]m-I-X-I-fpw- ssh-I-ey-ß-fpw- kw--hn-°p-∂-Xv- ]-Xn-hm-Wv.-

]-ta-l- tcm-Kn-I-fn¬- C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈- ]m-Z-Øn-s‚- ssh-I-eyw- h-Wm-h-ÿ-bn-se-Øn-°pw.-C-Xn-s‚- -e-am-bn- ]m-Z-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-bn¬- D-∏q-‰n-bp-sS- m-K-Øm-bn- v- D-b¿-∂- a¿-±w- cq-]-s∏-Sp-I-bpw- I-ta-W- h-W-am-bn- am-dp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.- C-ß-s\-bp-≈- h-W-߃- tcm-Km-Wp-°ƒ-°v- ]-th-i-\- am¿-K-am-bn- am-dp-I-bpw- tcm-Kn-bp-sS- ]m-Z-tO-Z-

Øn-\pw- A-h-km-\w- a-c-W-Øn-\pw- Im-c-W-amIp-∂p.-\q-X-\- i-kv-X-In-b-bneq-sS- ]-ta-l- tcm-Kn-

Ifp-sS- hn-Ir-X-am-b- ]m-Z-ß-fpw- hn-c-ep-I-fpw- i-cn-bm-b- cq-]-Øn-em-°p-∂- kw-hn-[m-\-߃- \n-e-hn¬- h-∂n- p-≠v.- h-Wm-h-ÿ- Iq-Sp-X¬- h¿-≤n-®v- ]m-Z-tO-Zw- F-∂- \n-e-bn-te-°v- t]m-Im-sX-]m-Z-sØ- kw-c-£n-°p-hm≥- ]-‰n-b- ]-m-Z-kw-c-£-W- \q-X-\- i-kv-X-In-b-Iƒ- bp.-F-kv.-F,-bp.-sI,- Hm-kv-tS-en-b,-P¿-Ω-\n,- d-jy,- kv-s]-bn≥- Xp-S-ßn-b- hn-I-kn-X- cm-Py-ß-fn¬- am-X-am-Wv- \n-e-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.- Cu- \q-X-\- i-kv-X-In-b-m- co-Xn-Iƒ- ]m-Z-Øn-s‚- A-Sn-bn¬- cq-]-s∏-Sp-∂- X-g-ºv,- h-W-߃- F-∂n-h-sb- am-‰p-I-bpw- ]-ta-l- tcm-Kn-I-fn-se- ]m-Z-tO-Z-sØ- X-s∂- X-S-bp-

I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.- Xn-ßn-\n¬-°p-∂- hn-c-ep-Iƒ- \n-an-Øw- sXm-en-Iƒ- X-Ωn¬- D-c-kn- s]m- p-I-bpw-A-Xv- hW-Øn-te-°v- \-bn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.-

Im¬-hn-c-ep-I-sf- km-[m-c-W- \n-e-bn-em-°n-sN-øp-∂- \q-X-\- i-kv-X-In-bm- co-Xn-bm-Wv- kv-Im¿-

v-.- sS≥-U≥- Sm≥-kv- ¿-i-kv-X-In-b-bn-eq-sS- ]-ta-l- tcm-Kn-I-fp-sS- ]m-Z-Øn-s‚- h-W-sØ- \n-ti-jw-am-‰p-I-bpw- ]m-Z-ssh-I-ey-߃- am-‰n- ]m-Z-Øn-\v- cq-]- w-Kn- sIm-Sp-°p-hm-\pw-km-[n-°p-∂p.- N-m¿-tIm-Sv-kv-

^p- v- F-∂- ]-ta-l-tcm-Kw- ]m-Z-Øn-t‚-bpw- I-W-¶m-en-t‚-bpw- F-√p-I-sf- Z-hn-®v- \-in-∏n-°p-∂p.- C-Xv- I-Tn-\-am-b- h-W-Øn-\pw- ]m-Z-ssh-I-ey-Øn-\pw-Im-c-W-am-bn- -hn-°p-∂p.- ]-e-X-c-Øn-ep-≈- i-kv-X-In-b-I-fm-b- Sn-∏n-ƒ- A¿-sXm-sZ- nkv,- sπ-bn-

‰v- n-Iv-tk-j≥- F-∂n-h- h-gn-bpw- ]-ta-l- tcm-Kn-I-fn-se- ]m-Z-Øn-s‚- cq-]- w-Kn- Xn-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-h-cp-hm≥- km-[n-°p-∂p.-

G-j-y≥- c-m-Py-ß-fn¬- C-¥y-bn¬- sIm-®n-bn-ep-≈- A-ar-X- C≥-kv-‰n-‰yq- v- Hm- v- sa-Un-°¬- k-b≥-kv- B‚ v- dn-tk¿-®v- sk-‚-dn-se- F≥-sUm-ssI-t\m-f-Pn- Un-∏m¿- v-sa‚n-se- U-b-_-‰n-Iv- tem-h¿- enw-_v- B‚ v- s]m-Un-bm-Sn-Iv- k¿-P-dn- h-n- m-K-am-Wv- C-Ø-cw- i-kv-X-In-b-Iƒ- B-Zy-am-bn- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- A-ar-X- C≥-kv-‰n-‰yq- v- Hm- v- sa-Un-°¬-k-b≥-kn-se- tUm.- A-Pn-Xv-Ip-am¿- h¿-Ω,- tUm.-aw-K-fm-\-µ≥,- tU-m.- A-cp - _m¬,- tUm.- lm-cojv-Ip-am¿- F-∂n-h-¿- i-kv-X-In-b-bv-°v- t\-X-r-Xzw- \¬-Ip-∂p.-

C-Xn-\-Iw- C-Ø-c-Øn-ep-≈- 15 i-kv-X-In-b-Iƒ- sN-bv-Xp-I-gn-™p.- Hm-tcm- tcm-Kn-°pw- G-gp-X-cw- i-kv-X-In-b- \-S-tØ-≠n-h-cpw.- H-cp- kw-Lw-tUm-Iv-S¿-am¿- tN¿-∂m-te- C-Xv- sN-øm≥- km-[n-°q.-

B-tcm-Kyw-

tem t]mbn‚vIcn-°w-]-≈n¬

72009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛14Im-bn-Iw-

A-º-sØm-∂mw- h-b-kn-epw-Im-bn-I- ]-Xn-`- sX-fn-bn-®v-

cm-Pw- tKm-]n-sIm-®n- kz-tZ-in-\n-bm-b- cm-Pw- tKm-]n- I-gn-™-am-kw- \-S-∂- G-

jy≥- am-tÃ-gv-kv- ao-‰n¬- \m-ep- sa-U-ep-Iƒ- t\-Sn.- A-øm-bn-cw- ao-‰¿- \-S-Ø-Øn-epw- 300 ao-‰¿- l¿-Un¬-kn-epw- kz¿-Ww,- 5000 ao-‰¿- Hm- -Øn-epw-2000 ao-‰¿- Ão-∏nƒ- tN-kn-epw- sh-≈n- F-∂n-h- t\-Sn-bm-Wv- Xm-bv-e-‚n-se- Nn-bm-Mv- am-bn-bn¬- \-S-∂- ao-‰n¬- cm-Pw- F-∂- A-º-sØm-∂p-Im-cn-sh-∂n-s°m-Sn- ]m-dn-®-Xv.-

]m-b-sØ-bpw- km-aq-ly- -km-º-Øn-I- ]-Xn-_-‘-ß-sf-bpw- A-Xn-Po-hn-®v- t\- -߃- ssI-h-cn-®- cm-Pw- t\-c-sØ- \n-c-h-[n- A-¥m-cm-jv-S- a-

’ - c -ß -fn¬- C -¥y-sb- ]-Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.-I -g n -™-h¿-jw- C-‰-en-bn¬- \-S-∂- thƒ-Uv- am-tÃ-gv-kv- A-Xv-e-‰n-Iv-kv- Nm-ºy≥-jn -∏n¬- ] -s ¶ - S p -°m≥- A-h-sc- sX-c-s™ - S p -Øn-cp-∂p.-a -te -jy -bn¬- \-S-∂- 22˛m-a-Xv-a-te-jy≥-Hm-∏- - am-tÃ-g v -k v -A-Xv-e-‰n-Iv-Nm -ºy≥-jn-∏n¬- ]-s¶-Sp-Ø-A - h ¿ -3000 In -tem-ao-‰¿-\-S-Ø-Øn-epw- 5000,-

800,- 1500 ao-‰¿- Hm- -a-’-c-ß-fn-epw- kz¿-Ww- t\-Sn-bn-cp-∂p.-Kp-hm-l-Øn-bn¬- \-S-∂- tZ-in-b- Nm-ºy≥-jn-∏n¬- A-©p- In-tem-ao-

‰¿- \-S-Ø-Øn-epw- 5000 ao-‰¿- Hm- -Øn-epw- 300 ao-‰¿- l¿-Un¬-kn-epw- cm-Pw- kz¿-Ww- t\-Sn.-100,- 200 ao-‰¿- kv-]n-‚ v- Xm-cw- Iq-Sn-bm-b- cm-Pw- \n-c-h-[n- tIm-kv- I- -Sn,- am-c-Ø- - ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-epw- ]-s¶-Sp-Øn- p-≠v.- sIm-®n-bn¬- \-S-Øn-b- sa-‰v- sse- v- am-c-Ø-Wn-se- h-\n-Xm- hn- m-K-Øn¬- H-∂mw- ÿm-\-°m-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p- cm-Pw.- Cu-bn-sS- U¬-ln-bn¬- \-S-∂- lm-

v- am-c-Ø-Wn¬- c-≠mw- ÿm-\-hpw- t\-Sn.- hn-hn-[- a-’-c-ß-fn¬-\n-∂m-bn- C-Xn-\-Iw- 40 kz¿-W-hpw- 25 sh-≈n-bpw- 15 sh-¶-e-hpw- A-h¿- t\-Sn-bn- p-≠v.-

hn-eyw-kv- k-tlm-Z-cn-am-sc kv-So-°¿-- A-º-c-∏n-®p-A-ta-cn-°≥- sS-∂o-kv- Xm-c-ß-fpw-

k-tlm-Z-cn-am-cp-am-b- ho-\-kv- hn-eyw-kpw-sk-do-\- hn-eyw-kpw- Hm-kv-tS-en-b≥- Hm-∏- - Izm¿- ¿- ss -\¬- U-_nƒ-kv- a-’-c-Øn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-°-th- tIm¿- n-te-

t°m-Sn-sb-Øn-b- kv-So-°¿- A-h-sc- A-º-c-∏n-®p.-

sa¬-_-Wn¬- \-S-∂- h-\n-Xm- hn- m-Kw- U-_nƒ-kn-s‚- c-≠mw- du-≠v- a-’-c-Øn-\n-sS-bm-Wp- kw-`-hw.- ho-\-kv-˛-sk-do-\- Iq- p-sI- v- a-’-c-Øn¬- ap-t∂-dp-∂-Xn-\n-sS- \-Kv-\-\m-bn- H-cp- A-ta-cn-°≥- B-cm-[-I≥- tIm¿- n-te-°v- Hm-Sn-

°-b-dp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- tIm¿- n-\p- sh-fn-bn¬- h-®p- X-s∂- 14 sk-°≥-Un-\p-≈n¬- t]m-eo-kv- kv-So-°nw-Kv- \-S-Øn-b-bm-sf- ]n-Sn-®p-am-‰n.-

Im-Wn-I-fp-sS- Iq- -®n-cn-bn¬- X-ß-

fpw- kv-So-°nw-Kv- B-kz-Zn-®p-sh-¶n-epw-A-bm-fp-sS- ]-I-S-\-߃- A-º-c-∏n-®p-sh-∂p- sk-do-\- -ho-\-kv- k-tlm-Z-cn-am¿-kq-Nn-∏n-®p.-

A-bmƒ- Hm-Sn-h-cp-∂-Xp- I-≠n-cp-∂p.-F-∂m¬- Ku-≠n-te-°p- I-S-∂-t∏mƒ-A-ev-]w- -bw- tXm-∂n-sb-¶n-epw- A-bm-fp-sS- \r-Øw- B-kz-Zn-®p.-

Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- io-aq-ew- ¢-∫n¬- hn-a¬-Ip-am¿- (h-e-tØ-b-‰w)-sS-∂n-kv- I-fn-°m-tcm-sSm-∏w-

[≥-cm-Pv- ]n-≈-bpw-kp-\n¬- sj- n-bpw-]-Nm-c-W-Øn-\v-

C-¥y-bp-sS- ap≥- tlm-°n- kq-∏¿-Xm-cw- [≥-cm-Pv- ]n-≈-bpw- t_m-fn-hp-Uv-Xm-cw- kp-\n¬- sj- n-bpw- \-Iv-k¬- ]-h¿-Ø-\-߃- Du¿-Pn-X-am-b- a-lm-cm-jv-S-bn-se- N-µ-]q-cn¬- tlm-°n-Xm-c-ß-sf-I-s≠-Øp-∂p.- B-Zn-hm-kn- ta-J-e-I-fn¬-tZ-io-b- I-fn-bm-b- tlm-°n-tbm-Sv- B- n-ap-Jyw- h-f¿-Øp-I-bpw- an-I-®- Xm-c-ß-sf-I-s≠-Øp-I-bp-sa-∂- e-£y-tØm-sS-bm-Wv- C-Ø-c-Øn-sem-cp- D-Zy-a-Øn-\v- C-d-ßn-∏p-d-s∏- -sX-∂v- C-cp-h-cpw- kq-Nn-∏n-®p.-

[≥-cm-Pv- ]n-≈-bp-sS- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈- tlm-°n- u-t≠-j≥- N-µ-]q-cn¬- \-S-Øp-∂- tlm-°n- Sq¿-W-sa-‚n¬-\m-ev-]-Xn-e-[n-Iw- So-ap-Iƒ- ]-s¶-Sp-°p-∂p-≠v.- C-Xn¬- ]-Ip-Xn-bn-e-[n-Iw- B-Zn-hm-kn-I-fm-Wv.- \-Iv-k¬- ]-h¿-Ø-\-ß-fn-te¿-s∏-Sm-sX- bp-hm-°-fn¬- tZ-io-b- t_m-[-hpw- tlm-°n-tbm-Sp-≈- kv-t\-l-hpw- h-f¿-Øm-\m-Wv- X-ß-fp-sS- D-t±-i-sa-∂v- C-cp-h-cpw- Iq- n-t®¿-Øp.-

Du¿-P-kz-e-am-bn- hn-a¬-Ip-am¿-sh-≈- tjm-Sv-kpw- _-\n-b-\pw- A-

Wn-™p- _m-Uv-an-‚- - tIm¿- n¬- X-e-ßpw- hn-e-ßpw- ]m-bp-tºmƒ- \m¬-∏-tØ-gp-Im-c-\m-b- hn-a¬-Ip-am¿- C-t∏m-gpw- bp-h-Xz-Øn-s‚- Du¿-P-kz-e-X-bn¬- X-s∂.-

F-Æw- ]-d-™- tjm- p-I-fp-sS- I-Æ-©n-∏n-°¬- C-t∏m-gpw- A-ß-s\- X-s∂.-Ir-Xy-X-bm¿-∂- _m-°v-lm-‚ v- thm-fn-bpw-am-kv-a-cn-I-am-b- kv-am-jpw- ]-X-dn-Øp-S-ßn-bn-´n-√.- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- io-aq-ew- ¢-∫n¬- hn-a¬-Ip-am-dn-s‚- ]-I-S-\w- Im-Wm≥- \q-dp-I-W-°n-\m-fp-Iƒ- F-Øn-b-Xpw- C-sXm-s°- ]-Xo-£n-®p- sIm-≠p-X-s∂.-

tI-c-f-Øn-se- _m-Uv-an-‚- - Xm-c-ß-fp-sS- H-Øp- tN-c-em-bn-cp-∂p- th-Zn.-1958˛-se- kw-ÿm-\- Nm-ºy≥- ap-X¬-_m-‰v- ssI-bn-te-¥m≥- Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿- h-sc- h-s∂-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.-

hn-a-en-s\-°q-Sm-sX- k-tlm-Z-c≥-bp.-hn-t\m-Zv- Ip-am-dpw- _m-Uv-an-‚-Wn¬-tI-c-f-Øn-se- G-I- A¿-Pp-\- A-hm¿-Uv-tP-Xm-hv- tUm.-tPm¿-Pv- tXm-a-kpw- F-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.- U-_nƒ-kn-em-bn-cp-∂p- ]-Z¿-i-\w.- hn-a¬-Ip-am-dpw- tPm¿-Pp- tXm-a-kpw-H-cp- m-K-Øpw- hn-t\m-Zpw- ap≥-kw-ÿm-\-Xm-cw- kp-tc-jv-Ip-am-dpw- a-dp- m-K-Øp-am-bm-Wv- A-Wn- \n-c-∂-Xv.- km-£n-bm-Im≥- hn-a¬-Ip-am-dn-s‚- ]n-Xm-hv- D-Æn-°r-jv-W≥-\m-b-cpw- F-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.-

]-Im-iv- ]-Zp-t°m-Wn-s\m-∏w- hn-a¬-

Ip-am¿- _mw-•q¿- _m-‰v-an≥-U≥- A-°m-U-an-bn¬- Ip- n-I-sf- ]-cn-io-en-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv- C-t∏mƒ.- C-¥y-bp-sS- \m-\m- m-K-ß-fn¬-\n-∂p- sX-c-s™-Sp-Ø- ]-Ømw-¢m-kv- hn-Zym¿-Yn-I-sf-bm-Wv- A-hn-sS- ]-cn-io-en-∏n-°p-∂-sX-∂v- hn-a¬-Ip-am¿- ]-d-™p.-

]-Tn-°m-\p-≈- sN-e-hp-am-X-ta- Ip-´n-Iƒ- h-ln-t°-Wv-S-Xp-≈p.- _m-°n- ap-gp-h≥- Nn-e-hpw- A-°m-U-an- X-s∂-bm-Wv- h-ln-°p-∂-Xv.- cm-Py-Øn-s‚- ]-e- m-K-Øp-\n-∂p- C-Ø-cw- A-°m-U-an-Iƒ- Xp-S-ßm-\p-≈- £-Ww- e- n-°p-∂p-≠v.- tI-

c-f-Øn-epw- A-\p-Iq-e-am-b- km-l-N-cyw-D-≠m-bm¬- A-°m-U-an- Xp-S-ßm≥-Xm¬-]-cy-ap-s≠-∂pw- hn-a¬- ]-d-™p.-

tI-c-f-Øn¬- s]m-Xp-th- U-_nƒ-kn-t\m-Sm-Wp- I-fn-°m¿-°p- I-ºw.- knw-Knƒ-kn¬- A-X- Xm-ev-]-cyw- t]m-c.- C≥-tUm¿- tÃ-Un-b-ß-fp-sS- Ip-d-hm-Wv- tI-c-f-sØ- kw-_-‘n-®-S-tØm-fw- Cu- I-fn- h-f-cm≥- X-S-k-am-bn- p-≈-Xv.- Cu- A-h-ÿ- am-‰n-sb-Sp-°≥- kw-L-S-\-I-fpw-k¿-°m-cpw- i-an-°-Ww.- A-t∏mƒ- tI-c-f-Øn¬-\n-∂p- an-I-®-Xm-c-߃- h-f¿-∂p-h-cp-sa-∂v- hn-a¬-Ip-am¿- ]-d-™p.-

In-°-‰v- Xm-c-ß-sf- h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥-h-b-\m-Sv- h-f-°q-dp-≈- a-Æv-:- tIm-®v-

kw-ÿm-\-sØ- a-‰p- ]-tZ-i-ß-sf- A-t]-£n-®v- h-b-\m-Sv- In-°-‰v- Xm-c-ß-sf-h-f¿-Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥- h-f-°q-dp-≈- a-Æm-sW-∂v- ap≥- C-¥y≥-Xm-c-hpw- C-¥y≥- Sow-^o¬-Unw-Kv- tIm-®p-am-b- tdm-_n≥- knw-Kv.- Nn- -bm-b-Xpw- B-[p-\n-I- co-Xn-bn-ep-≈-Xp-am-b- ]-cn-io-e-\w- e- n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬- h-b-\m- n-se- In-°-‰v- Xm-c-߃-°pw- C-¥y≥- So-an-te-°p-≈- Zq-cw- hn-Zq-c-a-s√-∂pw- knw-Kv- ]-d-™-p.- Ir-jv-W-Kn-cn-bn¬- h-b-\m-Sv- In-°-‰v- tÃ-Un-b-Øn-\v- X-d-°-√n- p- ]-kw-Kn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p- tIm-®v.-

k-ap-Z-\n-c-∏n¬-\n-∂v- G-sd- D-b¿-∂v- \n¬-°p-∂- ]-Ir-Xn- c-a-Wo-b-am-b- h-b-\m- n¬- ]-cn-io-e-\-Øn-\v- A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b- Im-em-h-ÿ-bm-Wp-≈-Xv.- C-Xp-aq-ew-Iq-Sp-X¬- k-a-bw- Im-bn-I-Xm-c-߃-°v- ]-cn-io-e-\w- \-S-Øm≥- I-gn-bpw.-

k-ao-]-Im-e- Øm-bn- tI-c-f- In-°-‰n-s\- h-f¿-®-bn-te-°v- \-bn-°p-∂- sI.-kn.-F.-bp-sS- i-a-߃- A- n-\-µ-\m¿-l-am-sW-∂pw- A-tkm-kn-tb-j-s‚- t\-Xr-Xz-Øn¬- Pn-√-bn¬- In-°-‰n-s‚- h-f¿-®-bv-°m-bn- \-S-Øp-∂- F-√m- i-a-߃-°pw-X-s‚-bpw- C-¥y≥- In-°-‰v- I- -tSmƒ- t_m¿-Un-s‚-bpw- F-√m-hn-[- k-lm-b-߃- D-≠m-Ip-sa-∂pw- knw-Kv- Iq- n-t®¿-Øp-.-

F-kv.-_n.-Sn- tP-Xm-°ƒ-a-e-∏p-d-sØ- B-th-i-Øn-em-gv-Øn- s]-cn-¥¬-a-Æ-bn¬- \-S-∂- kw-ÿm-\-

¢-_v- p-Sv-t_mƒ- Nm-ºy≥-jn-∏n-s‚- ss -\-en¬- G-I-]-£o-b-am-b- H-cp- tKm-fn-\v- hn-hm- tI-c-f-sb- tXm¬-∏n-®v- Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-cw- F-kv.-_n.-Sn- In-co-Sw- t\-Sn.- C-cp-So-ap-I-fpw- A-th-i-I-c-am-b- ]-I-S-\-am-Wv- Im-gv-N-h-®-Xv.- H-∂mw- ]-Ip-Xn-bp-sS- 31˛mw-an-\n-‰n¬- F-kv.-_n.-Sn-bp-sS- kv-ssS-°¿- ap-l-Ω-Zv- jm- n-bp-sS- ap-∂p-∂- tjm- m-Wv- hn-P-bn-I-sf- I-s≠-Øn-b-Xv.-

2009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛148Im-gv-N-

c m y k

c m y k

A-g-sIm-g-º-\m-b- "tI-kn- tKm-]m-e≥-'-`m-h-\- ao-Un-b- hn-j-\p-th-≠n- i-i-n-[-c≥- hn-

\n¿-Ωn-®v- Un-]p- I-Y-bpw- Xn-c-°-bpw- kw- m-j-Whp-sa-gp-Xn- kw-hn-[m-\w- sN-bv-X- kn-\n-a-bm-Wv- "tI-kn- tKm]m-e≥.'- Du-™m-em-Sn- Km-a-Øn-se- sN-

dp-In-S- tam-jv-Sm-hm-b- (X-s‚- A-—-s\- I-≈-\m-°n-b- Km-a-hm-kn-I-tfm-Sp-≈- ]-Xn-Im-cw)- I-Sv-f- tKm-]m-es‚- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- kw- -hn-°p-∂- Zp-c-¥-ß-fpw- A-bmƒ-°p-≠m-Ip-∂- ]Xn-Im-c-hm©-b-p-am-Wv-]-ta-bw.-

I-Sv-f- tKm-]-m-e≥- (Zn-eo-]v)- \-K-c-Øn-se-Øp-∂-Xv- Iq-Sp-X¬- \-√- co-Xn-bn¬- I-f-hv- \-S-Øm-\m-Wv.- Du-™m-em-Sn- Km-a-Øn¬- A-bmƒ-°n-\n- ]-Xn-Im-c-ß-sfm-∂pw- sN-øm-\n-√m-Ø-Xp-am-Imw- Im-c-Ww.- C-sX-¥p-X-cw- m-h-\-bm-sW-∂v- kw-hn-[-m-b-I-t\m-Sp-X-s∂-tNm-Zn-°-Ww.- A-ß-s\- \-K-

c-Øn-se-Ø-s∏-´-tKm-]m-e≥- A-Ω-bv-°v-

Nn-In-’-n-°m≥- ]-Ww- I-s≠-Øm≥- t]m-°-‰-Sn-°pw- A-√-d- Nn-

√-d- tam-j-W-߃-°p-am-bn- \-S-°p-∂- e-

£v-a-W-s\- (k-enw-Ip-am-¿)- ]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.-\jv-S-s∏- p-t]m-b- X-s‚- X-dmhm-Sv- X-n-cn-®p-]n-

Sn-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°m-fp-]-cn- C-t∏mƒ- C-bm-fp-sS- e-£yw- e-£v-a-W-s‚- A-Ω-sb- Nn-In-’n-°m-\p-≈-]-Ww- I-s≠-Øp-∂Xn-em-Wv.- A-ß-s\- A-h¿- t]m-°-‰-Sn-®p-≠m-°n-b- ]-W-hpw- tam-jv-Sn-®- am-e-bpw-kz¿-Wm- -c-W-ß-fpw- A-h¿-°v- _-kn¬-h-®v- \-jv-S-am-Ip-∂p.- A-Xv- e- n-°p-∂-Xv- l-cn-iv-N-µ-\m-Wv- (l-cn-io- A-tim-I≥).- A-bm-sf- t]m-e-o-kv- A-d-kv-‰v-sN-øp-∂p.-

F-∂m¬- ]n-s∂- B-sc-sb-¶-n-epw- In-Uv-\m-∏v-sN-bv-Xv- hn-e-t]-in- Im-ip-≠m-°mw- F-∂v- e-£v-a-W-\pw- tKm-]m-e-\pw- Xo-cp-am-\n-°p-∂p.- A-h¿ U-bm-\- sb- In-Uv-\m-∏v- sN-øp-

∂p.- F-∂m-e-hƒ- Xm≥-tIm-So-iz-cn-sbm-∂p-a-√-tImƒ-tK-fm-sW-∂p-]-d-™v- A-h-c-p-sS- ]-°¬-\n-∂pw- c-≠m-bn-cw- cq-]- X- n-®v- c-£-s∏-Sp-∂p.- Cu- tem-I-Øn-se- H-cp- tImƒ-tK-fp-

t]m-epw- Xm≥- tImƒ-tK-fm-sW-∂p-]-d-™v- \-S-°m-

dn-√ F-∂- km-am-\y-\o-Xn-t]m-epw- Cu- kn-\n-a-bp-sS-

c-Nn-bn-Xm-hn-√m-sX-t]m-bn-F-∂p-th-Ww- A-\p-am-\n-°m≥.-

]n-∂o-S-m-Wh-¿- A-dn-bp-∂-Xv- A-hƒ- b-Ym¿-∞-Øn¬-tIm-So-iz-cn-bm-sW-∂v.- C≥-sh-kv-t‰-gv-kv- _m-¶n-s‚- sN-b¿-am≥- _m-_p- tPm-Wn-s‚- (a-t\-m-Pv- sI.- P-b≥)- k-tlm-Z-cn-bpw-A-Ø-cw- ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sS- Fw-Un-bp-am-sW-∂v.- ]n-∂o-S-hƒ- t\-cn-´v- Cu- I-≈-∑m¿-°v- ap-∂n-se-Øp-I-bm-Wv,- X-s∂- In-Uv-\m-∏v- sN-bv-Xv- ]-Øp-e-£w- cq-]- X-s‚- k-

tlm-Z-c-\n¬-\n-∂pw- hm-ß-W-sa-∂p]-d-™v.- bp-‡n-cm-ln-Xy-Øn-s‚-

sIm-Sp-ap-Sn-bn¬- \n¬-°p-∂-h¿-t°- C-ß-s\-sbms°- kr-jv-Sn- \-S-Øm≥- ]-‰q.-

_m-_p- tPm - ]Ww- \¬-In- X-s‚- s]-ß-sf- c-£n-°p-∂p.- A-hƒ- C-ß-s\-sbm-s°- sN-øp-∂-Xv- X-\n-°n-jv-S-an-√m-Ø- hn-hm-l-Øn¬-\n-∂pw-

c-£-s∏-Sm-\pw- X-s‚- Im-ap-I≥- kq-c-Pn- (a[p-hm-cy¿)- t\m-sSm-∏w- hn-tZ-i-Øp-t]m-bn- Po-hn-°m-\p-am-Wv.-

C≥-sh-kv-t‰-gv-kv- _m-¶n¬- h-®n-cp-∂- X-s‚- Nn-e- tUm-Iyp-sa-‚p-Iƒ- F-Sp-°m-\m-bn- tKm-]m-e-\p-ap-∂n¬- Nm-t°m- (tam-l≥- tPm-kv-)- F-Øp-I-bm-Wv.- X-\n-°pw- e-£v-a-W-\pw- A-Xym-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°p-∂- ]-Ww- Nm-t°m- \¬-Im-sa-∂p- ]-d-™-t∏mƒ-tKm-]m-e≥- B- tPm-en- G-s‰-Sp-°p-∂p.- Ir-Xy-am-bn- _m-¶n-se- tem-°-dn¬-\n-∂pw- ]-am-W-߃- F-Sp-°p-∂p.- F-∂m¬- A-sXm-cp- I-_-fn-∏n-°-e-n-s‚-`m-Kam-bn-cp-∂p.- C≥-sh-kv-t‰-gv-kv- _m-¶n-s‚- sN-b¿-am≥- _m-_p- tPm¨- H-cp-°n-b- sI-Wn.- A-bmƒ- _m-¶n¬- L-Sn-∏n-®- I-ym-a-d-bn-eq-sS- tem-Iw-ap-gph≥- I-≈-∑m-cm-bn- tKm-]m-e-t\-bpw- e-£v-a-W-t\-bpw- I-≠p-I-gn-™p.- F-∂m¬- _m¶v- sIm-≈-b-Sn-®v- ]-Øp-tIm-Sn- X- n-sb-Sp-Ø-Xv- _m-_p- tPm -X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- _m-_p- tPm - C-\n-sbm-cp- sX-fn-hp-t]m-epw- A-h-ti-jn-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°m-\m-bn- A-h-sc- h-I-h-cp-Øm≥- ian-°p-∂p.- F-∂m¬- e-£v-a-W≥- am-X-am-Wv- a-cn-®-Xv.-

c-£-s∏-Sm-\m-bn- I-S-en¬- Nm-Sn-b- tKm-]-m-e≥-X-cn-In-S- hm-kp- (P-K-Xn- io-Ip-am¿)- hn-s‚- ssI-bn-se-Øp-∂p.- A-bmƒ- tKm-]m-e-s\- c-£n-°p-∂-Xv- A-h¿- A-Sn-®p-am-‰n-b- tIm-Sn-I-fp-sS- ]-¶p -tam-ln-®m-Wv.- F-∂m¬- tKm-]m-e-s‚- ssI-bn¬- H-∂p-an-√m-bn-cp-∂-t√m.- A-h¿- C-cp-h-cpw- tN¿-∂v- C≥-sh-kv-t‰-gv-kv- _m-¶v- sIm-≈-b-Sn-°p-∂p.- Cu- Hm- -∏m-®n-en-\n-S-bn-em-Wv- tKm-]m-e≥- ho-≠pw- U-bm-\-sb- I-≠p-ap- p-∂-Xv.- Xm≥- ]-Ww-sIm-Sp-Øv- k-lm-bn-°m≥- sN-∂- A-\m-Ym-e-b-Øn¬-h-®v.- Ah-sf-bpw- _m-_p- tPm - NXn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- kq-cPn-s\- A-bmƒ- h-I-h-cp-Øn.- k-Xy-Øn¬- _m-_p- tPm¨,- tPm - k-°-dn-b- F-∂- X-s‚- A-∏-®-s‚- h-f¿-Øp-]p-X-\m-bn-cp-∂p.- A-h-fp-sS- a-Ωn-tb-bpw- Um-Un-tb-bpw- _m-_p- h-I-h-cp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.-

]n-∂o-Sv- A-h-fpw- tN-cp-I-bm-Wv- ]-Xn-Im-c-Øn-\m-bn.- A-ß-s\-bm-W-hƒ- B-Zyw- tKm-]m-e≥- ap-Jm-¥n-cw- H-cp- tIm-Sn- cq-]- _m-_p- tPm-Wn-¬-\n-∂pw- X- n-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xv.- Nm-t°m- k-Xy-sa-√mw- I-Ωo-j-W-tdm-Sv- Xp-d-∂p-]-d-bp-∂p.- _m-_p- tPm -A-d-kv-‰n-em-Ip-∂p.- c-£-s∏-Sp-Øm-s\-∂- hym-tP-\- _m-_p-hn-s\- U-bm-\- X- n-s°m≠p-t]m-Ip-∂p.-tK-m-]m-e-\pw- P-K-Xn-bpw- tN¿-∂v- _m-_phn-s\- IS-en¬- sI- n-Øm-gv-Øp-∂p.- tKm-]-m-e≥- U-bm-\-tb-

bpw- Iq- n- Du-™m-em-Sn- Km-a-Øn-se-Øp-∂p.- a-s‰m-cp- I-Sv-f- tKm-]m-e-\m-bn- l-cn-iv-N-µ≥- am-dp-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂p.-

an-I-®- kw-hn-[m-b-I-\m-Im≥- Un-]p-hn-\v- i-an-®m¬- I-gn-bpw.- A-Xn-s‚- em-©-\-Iƒ- Cu- Nn-X-Øn-ep-≠v.- F-∂m-sem-cp- Xn-c-°-Ym-Ir-Øm-bn- am-dp-I- C-Øn-cn- ]-bm-k-am-Wv.- Im-c-Ww- C-Ø-c-sam-cp- bp-‡n-c-ln-X-am-b- I-Y-bp-≠m-°n-b-Xp-X-s∂.-IYm-]-m-X-ß-sf- kr-jv-Sn-°m≥- I-gn-bm-Ø-Xp-X-s∂.- A- n-\-b-ap-lq¿-Ø-߃- kr-jv-Sn-°m-\pw- I-

gn-™n-√,- Nm-t°m-bp-tS-sXm-gn-®m¬-.- a-t\m-Pv- sI.-P-b-\pw- Ip-g-∏ap-≠m-°n-bn-√- F-∂pw- th-W-sa-¶n¬-]-d-bmw.- G-‰-hpw- A-g-sIm-g-º-\m-bn-t∏m-b-Xv- tKm-]m-e≥- X-s∂-bm-Wv.- c-m-lp¬- cm-Pn-s‚- hy-‡-X-bn-√m-Ø- kw-Ko-X-w- t]-£-I¿-°v- A-kz-ÿm-P-\-Iw- X-s∂.- Un.-I-Æ≥- Om-bm-K-l-W-Øn-s‚-_m-e-]m-Tw-t]m-epw- A-dn-bm-Ø- B-fm-sW-∂v- tXm-∂n-t∏m-bn.- a-Ø- \- m¬- Ip-º-fw- a-p-f-bv-°p-tam?-Cu- kn-\n-a-bv-°v- sam-Ø-Øn¬- _m-[-I-am-Wv- Cu-]g-sam-gn.-

I-≠-Xv-A\n¬-Ip-am¿- \m-tfm-Øp-Ip-Sn-

a-e-bm-f- kn-\n-a-bn¬- X-t‚-Xm-b- H-cp- ssi-en- kr-jv-Sn-®v- i-t≤-b-\m-b- tdm-j≥- B≥-Uq-kv- t\m- v-_p-°n-\p-ti-jw- kw-hn-[m-\w-sN-øp-∂- Nn-X-am-Wv- Im-k-t\m-h.- tIm- - n-U-‚ v- F-‚¿-sS-bn≥-sa-‚n-s‚- _m-\-dn¬- tUm-Iv-S¿- tdm-bn- kn.-sP.- \n¿-an-°p-∂- Cu- Nn-X-Øn¬- tam-l≥-em¬- tI-µ-I-Ym-]m-X-sØ- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.- e-£v-an- tdm-bv,- ]n-b-¶m- \m-b¿- F-∂n-h-cm-Wv- \m-bn-I-am¿.- B-cy,- i-¶¿,- P-K-Xn- io-Ip-am-cv,-em-ep- A-e-Iv-kv- F-∂n-h-cm-Wv- Im-k-t\m-h-bn-se- a-‰v- ]-[m-\- Xm-c-߃.-

t_m-_n- k-Rv-P-bv- Xn-c-°-Y,- kw- m-j-Ww- F-gp-Xp-∂- Cu- Nn-X-Øn-s‚- Om-bm-K-l-Ww- B¿.- Zn-hm-I-c≥- \n¿-h-ln-°p-∂p.- Kn-co-jv- ]p-Ø-t©-cn,- h-b-em¿- i-c-Xv-N-µ-h¿-a- F-∂n-h-cp-sS- h-cn-Iƒ-°v- A¬-t^m≥-kv,- tKm-]n- kp-µ¿- F-∂n-h¿- Cu-Ww- ]-I-cp-∂p.- H-∏w- Ku-cn- F-∂- ]-Xn-\-©p-h-b-kp-Im-cn- Km-\-c-N-\-bpw- kw-Ko-X- kw-hn-[m-\-hpw- \n¿-h-ln-®- H-cp- Km-\-hpw- Cu- Nn-X-Øn-ep-≠v.-

I-e- - kp-\n¬- _m-_p,- h-kv-Xm-e-¶m-cw- - km-bn,- ta-°-∏v- - c-Rv-Pn-Xv-A-ºm-Sn,- Ãn¬-kv- - jm-\n,- ]-c-ky-I-e- - tIm-fn≥-kv- en-tbm- n¬,- kw-L- -\w- - ^m≥-kv- kv-]n¬-tem-kv- (B-^n-°-),- F-Un-‰nw-Kv- - c-Rv-P≥- G-_-lmw,- s]m-U-£≥- F-Iv-kn-Iyq- o-hv- - B-‚-Wn- C-S-s°m-®n,- a-t\m-Pv-]q-¶p-∂w,- s]m-U-£≥- I- -tSm-f¿- - Un-Iv-k- - s]m-Sp-Øm-kv,- hn-X-c-Ww- - ssh-im-Jm- dn-eo-kv,- hm¿-Øm- ]-N-c-Ww- - F.-F-kv.- Zn-t\-iv.-

sX-‰n-b- Xm-fw- sa-cp-°n-sb-Sp-°m≥-"-tUm-Iv-S¿- t]-jy-‚ v-'-

m-¥v- H-cp- tcm-K-a-√,- H-cp- A-h-ÿ-bm-Wv.- kv-t\-l-tØm-sS,- A-\p-I-º-tbm-sS,- £-a-tbm-sS- am-‰n-sb-Sp-°m-hp-∂- am-‰n-sb-Sp-t°-≠- H-cp- A-h-ÿ-bm-Wn-sX-∂v- hn-iz-kn-°p-I-bpw- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-∂- tUm-Iv-S-dm-Wv- dq-_≥- sF-k-Iv.- a-\-im-kv-X-Øn-s‚- A-I-Ø-f-ß-fn-te-°v- C-d-ßn-s®-∂v- a-\-kn-s‚- sX-‰n-b- Xm-fw- sa-cp-°n-sb-Sp-°m≥- an-Sp-°-\m-b- dq-_≥- sF-k-Iv.-

\-K-c-Øn-se- ]-i-kv-X-am-b- H-cp- am-\-kn-Im-tcm-Ky- B-ip-]-Xn-bn-te-°v- ]p-Xn-b- tUm-Iv-S-dm-bn- F-Øp-I-bm-Wv- dq-_≥- sF-k-Iv.- cm-Jn- tZ-h-Zm-kv- F-∂- sN-dp-∏-°m-cn-bm-Wv- B-ip-]-Xn-bp-sS- Fw-Un.-Im-\-U-bn¬- Xm-a-kn-°p-∂- ssk-Iym-Sn-Ãp-I-fm-b- Z-º-Xn-I-fp-sS- H-tc-sbm-cp- a-I-fm-Wv- cm-Jn- tZ-h-Zm-kv.- tlm-kv-]n-‰¬- am-t\-Pv-sa-‚ v-]m-km-bn- \m-´n-se-Øn-b- a-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n- ]-Wn-Xp-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xm-Wv- Cu- tlm-kv-]n-‰¬.- ]-hm-kn-Po-hn-Xw- I-gn-s™-Øp-tºmƒ-_m-°n-bp-≈- Im-ew- Cu- B-ip-]-Xn-bn¬- tk-h-\w- A-\p-jv-Tn-°m-sa-∂pw- A-h¿- I-W-°p- Iq- n.-A-ta-cn-°-bn¬-\n-∂p- ]-T-\w-I-gn-s™-Øn-b- a-Iƒ- \m- n¬- \-√-h-Æw- X-ß-fp-sS- ÿm-]-\w- \-S-Øn-s°m-≠p- t]m-Ip-sa-∂v- D-d-®- hn-izm-k-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.-

ap≥- ip-Wv-Tn-°m-cn-bm-Wv- cm-Jn-tZ-h-Zm-kv.- ]- m-f-®n- -tbm-sS- B-ip-]-Xn-°m-cy-߃- t\m-°n-\-S-

Øp-∂- cm-Jn-bp-sS- ap-∂n-te-°v- ]p-Xn-b-Nn-In-’m-]-≤-Xn-bp-am-bn- F-Øp-I-bm-Wv-tUm-Iv-S¿- dq-_≥- sF-k-Iv.- \n-e-hn-ep-≈- co-Xn-I-fn¬-\n-∂pw- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-bn-tUm-Iv-S¿- `m-¥n-\v- Nn-In-’n-°p-∂-Xv-B-ip-]-Xn- am-t\-Pv-sa-‚n-\v- ]n-Sn-°p-∂n-√.- ]-tXy-In-®v- Fw-Un-bm-b- cm-Jn- tZ-h-Zm-kn-\v.-

kv-t\-lw- sIm-≠pw- Im-cp-Wyw- sIm-≠pw- tcm-Kn-I-sf- ip-iq-jn-°m-\m-sW-¶n¬- F-¥n-\m-Wv- C-X-bpw- ap-X¬- ap-S-°n- B-ip-]-Xn- ]-Wn-bp-∂-sX-∂m-Wv- am-t\-Pv-sa-‚n-s‚- tNm-Zyw.- ]-t£,- dq-_≥-D-Ø-cw- ]-d-bm-sX-X-s∂- X-s‚- I¿-Ø-hy-Øn-te-°v- I-S-°p-I-bm-Wv- sN-bv-X-Xv.-X-s‚- co-Xn-bm-Wv- i-cn-bm-sW-∂v- ÿm-

]n-°m-\p-≈- tUm-Iv-S¿- dq-_-s‚- i-a-hpw- am-t\-Pv-sa-‚n-s‚-F-Xn¿-∏pw- B- tlm-kv-]n-‰-en-epw- A-h-cp-sS- Po-hn-X-Øn-epw- kr-jv-Sn-°p-∂- c-k-I-c-am-b- ap-lq¿-Ø-ß-fm-Wv- tUm-Iv-S¿- t]-jy-‚ v- F-∂- Nn-X-Øn¬- Zr-iy-h-Xv-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

F.-B¿.- n-enw-kv- C-‚¿-\m-j-W-en-s‚- _m-\-dn¬- hn-iz-\m-Y≥- Xn-c-°-Y-sb-gp-Xn-kw-hn-[m-\w-sN-øp-∂- tUm-Iv-S¿- t]-jy-‚n¬- P-b-kq-cy-bm-Wv- dq-_≥- sF-k-°m-bn- ]-Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.- ]-km-Zv-\n¿-an-°p-∂- Cu- Nn-X-Øn¬- cm-[m-h¿-a-bm-Wv- cm-Jn- tZ-h-Zm-km-bn- A- n-\-bn-°p-∂-Xv.-

ap-tI-jv,- P-K-Xn- io-Ip-am¿,- s\-Sp-ap-Sn- th-Wp,- kp-cm-Pv- sh-™m-d-Ωq-Sv,- am-f- A-c-hn-µ≥,- _n-Pp-°p- ≥,- A-\q-]v- N-µ≥,- hn.-B¿.- a-Wn-I-Wv-T≥,- km-Pp- sIm-Sn-b≥,- Ir-jv-W-]- ,- Ip-f-∏p-≈n- eo-e- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-cm-Wv- a-‰v- A- n-t\-Xm-°ƒ.-

"-Im-k-t\m-h-'-˛-bnse- \m-bn-I-am¿:--e-£v-an- tdm-bv,- ]n-b-¶m- \m-b¿-

92009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛14

c m y k

c m y k

Im-e-n-Iw-

B-lv-fm-Zw- \n-d-™- ]-Xn-I-c-W-߃-

`q-tKm-f-sa-ßpw- hm-b-\-bv-°v- e-`yw-

F-Un-t‰-gv-kv- t\m- v-

ssZz-hm-cn-I-bm-bn- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-Ww- B-cw- n-®v- Ip-d-™- Im-e-Øn-\p-≈n¬- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv- tem-I-sa-ºm-Spw- hm-b-\-°m¿-°v- A-®-Sn-®-tIm-∏n-bm-bpw- Hm- -sse-\n-epw- e- n-°p-∂-Xn-s‚- B-lv-fm-Zw- \n-d-™- ]-Xn-I-c-W-߃- Zn-h-tk-\- F-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.- "-"- o-I-c-sc- Xp-c-Øm≥-'-'- F-∂- X-e-s°- n-ep-≈- sa-bn≥-tÃm-dn- A-S-ßn-b- I-gn-™- e-°w- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv- Xo-h-hm-Z- hn-cp-≤- k-aq-l-sØ- i-‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥- sIm-®n- kn-‰n- t]m-eo-kv- kw-L-Sn-∏n-

®- "-"-B-kv-]n-tc-j≥-kv-'-'- sa-Km- tjm-tbm-Sv- A-\p-_-‘n-®v- hym-]-I-am-bn- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xp.-B-bn-c-߃- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬- ]-s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p.-h-f-sc- an-I-®- kzo-I-c-W-am-Wv- tIm-kv-tdm-Un-\v- A-t∏m-gpw- e- n-®-Xv.-

tIm-kv-tdm-Uv- ssZz-hm-cn-I- A-tX- t]m-se-X-s∂- t]-Pv- hn-\ym-k-Øn¬- tem-I-Øv- F-hn-tS-bpw- C-‚¿-s\-‰v- I-W-£≥- D-≈- Iw-]yq- -dp-I-fn¬- hm-bn-°mw.- do-Un-kv-I-h¿- tI-c-f- tUm-v- tImw- F-∂- sh-_v-ssk-‰n-em-Wv- tIm-kv-tdm-

Uv- ]-Xn-∏p-Iƒ- C-t∏mƒ- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-

Xv.- sh-_v- hn-em-kw-:- www.rediscoverkerala. com. -tlmw- t]-Pv- Xp-d-∂m-ep-S≥- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv- G-‰-hpw-]p-Xn-b- ]-Xn-∏n-s‚- H-∂mw- t]-Pv- Im-Wmw.- A-Xn¬- ¢n-°v- sN-bv-Xm¬- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv- ]q¿-W-cq-]-Øn¬- F-√m- t]-Pp-I-fpw- h-cpw.- cq-]-Øn-epw- D-≈-S-°-Øn-epw- am-‰-an-√m-sX- F-∂m¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- an-gn-thm-sS- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv- tem-I-sa-ºm-Sp-ap-≈- hm-b-\-°m¿-°v- hm-bn-°m-\m-Ipw.- ]p-Xn-b- e-°-߃- h-cp-tºmƒ- ]-g-b-h- B¿-°-ssh-kn-te-°p- am-‰pw.-A-hn-sS- \n-∂p- F-Sp-Øp- ]n-∂o-Spw- hm-bn-°m≥- ku-I-cy-ap-≠v.-G-Xp- k-a-b-Øpw- F-hn-sS-bn-cp-∂pw- hm-bn-°m-sa-∂p-≈-Xp- sIm-≠v- hm-b-\-°m¿-°v- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv- \-jv-S-s∏-Sn-√.- G-Xp- t]-Ppw-B-h-iym-\p-k-c-Ww- ]n-‚ v- sN-bv-Xv- kq-£n-°p-I-bpw- sN-ømw.-

]n-Un-F-^v- (t]m¿-´-_nƒ- tUm-Iyp-sa-‚ v-t^m¿-am-‰v-)- cq-]-Øn-em-Wv- Iw-]yq- -dn¬- C-‚¿-s\-‰n-eq-sS- In- p-∂- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv.- A-tUm-_v- hn-I-kn-∏n-®- tUm-Iyp-sa-‚ v- F≥-tIm-Unw-Kv- t]m-k-

kv- B-Wv- ]n-Un-F- v.- A-tUm-_v- do-U¿- C≥-Ãmƒ-sN-bv-Xn- p-≈- Iw-]yq- -dp-I-fn¬- ]n-Un-F- v- hm-bn-

°mw.- ku-P-\y-am-bn- Uu- -tem-Uv- sN-øm-hp-∂-H-cp- tkm-^v-‰v-sh-b¿- B-Wv- A-tUm-_v- do-U¿.-^pƒ- sS-Iv-Ãv- C-e-Iv-tSm-Wn-Iv- tP¿-W-ep-Iƒ- tem-I-hym-]-I-am-bn- km-[m-c-W- hm-bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv- ]n-

Un-F- n-em-Wv.- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv- ]n-Un-F- v- Uu--tem-Uv- sN-bv-Xv- Iw-]yq- -dn¬- tk-hv- sN-bv-

Xm¬- k-a-bw- In- p-tºmƒ- hm-bn-°mw.- m-hn-bn-te-°v- kq-£n-®p-h-bv-°p-I-bp-am-Imw.-

N-ß-\m-ti-cn-bn¬- \n-∂v- 1994 ap-X¬- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-®p- h-cp-∂- k-a-Im-en-I- ]-ta-b-߃-°m-bp-≈- A-¥¿-tZ-io-b- a-e-bm-fw- -Cw-•o-jv- am-kn-I-bm-b- do- -Un-kv-I-h¿- tI-c-f-bp-tS-Xm-Wv- sh-_v-ssk-‰v.- do- -Un-kv-I-h¿- tI-c-f- Iq-Sm-sX- a-‰p-]-ap-J- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fp-sS- Hm- -sse≥- ]-Xn-∏q-Iƒ- ssh-_v-ssk-‰n-eq-sS- \-ev-Im≥- do-Un-kv-I-h¿- tI-c-f- tUm- v- tIm-an-\v- ]-≤-Xn-bp-≠v.-A-Xn¬- B-Zy- a-e-bm-f- ssZz-hm-cn-I-bm-Wv- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv.-

A- n-]m-b-ß-fpw- \n¿-tZ-i-ß-fpw- A-dn-bn-°p-I.- I-Øp-Iƒ- F-Iv-kn-Iyq- o-hv- F-Un-‰¿,- tIm-kv-tdm-Uv,- t]m-Ãv- t_m-Iv-kv- \-º¿-:- 4238,- sN-dp-]p-jv-]w- se-bn≥,- I-eq¿- ]n.-H.,- sIm-®n- -682017,-tI-c-fw,- C-¥y- F-∂- hn-em-k-Øn¬- A-b-°mw.-C-sa-bn¬-: - editor.crossroad@gmail.com

ssa-°nƒ- h¿-Ko-kv-am-t\-Pnw-Kv- F-Un-‰¿-

tXm-a-kv- a-Øm-bn- I-cn-°w-]-≈n¬-F-Iv-kn-Iyq- o-hv- F-Un-‰¿-

B-flo-b-X-bp-sS- h-gn-Øm-c-bn¬ •m-a¿-Xm-cw- \-Kv-a-sX-∂n-¥y≥- kn-\n-am-cw-K-Øv- •m-

a¿- th-j-ß-fn-eq-sS- B-cm-[-I-e-£-ß-sf- C-f-°n-a-dn-®- \-Kv-a- B-flo-b-X-bp-sS-h-gn-Øm-c-bn¬.- a-e-bm-fw- kn-\n-a-I-fn¬-•m-a¿- th-j-Øn-eq-sS- i-t≤-b-bm-bn- ]n-∂o-Sv- B-flo-b-X-bn-te-°v- Xn-cn-™- D-Æn-ta-cn- \-Kv-a-bp-sS- ap-∂n-ep-≠v.-

]-h¿- hn-j≥- Nm-\¬- H-cp-°p-∂- kw-Ko-X- kp-hn-ti-j-hn-cp-∂p-I-fn¬- \-Kv-a- kp-hn-ti-j-]-kw-Kw- \-S-Øp-∂p-≠v.- B-flo-b-X-bn-te-°v- Xn-cn-bm≥-Im-c-W-am-b- kw- -h-߃- \-Kv-a- hn-h-cn-°pw.- tI-c-f-Øn-epw-kp-hn-ti-j- ]-kw-Kw- \-S-Øp-∂p-≠v.- tIm- -b-Øv- Xn-cp-\-°-c- ssa-Xm-\-Øv- \-S-Øn.-

Im-X-e≥,- _m-j- Xp-S-ßn-b- X-an-gv- Nn-X-ß-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv- \-Kv-a- sX-∂n-¥y≥- kn-\n-a-bn¬- Im-ep-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- sX-ep-¶v,- I-∂-S,- ln-µn,- t`m-Pv-]q-cn- Nn-X-ß-fn-epw- th-j-an-´n-´p-≈- \-Kv-a- a-e-bm-f-Øn¬- io-Ir-jv-W-]p-c-Øv- \-£-X-Øn-f-°w,- N-Xp-cw-Kw- F-∂o- Nn-X-ß-fn¬-th-j-an- n- p-s≠-¶n-epw- A-h- i-t≤-b-am-

bn-cp-∂n-√.-kn-\n-a-bn¬-\n-∂v- Ip-td-°m-e-am-bn-

hn- p-\n¬-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂- \-Kv-a- C-\n-kp-hn-ti-j-]-h¿-Ø-\-߃-°m-Wv- ]m-

[m-\yw- \¬-Ip-I-sb-∂v- C-Xn-t\m-S-Iw-hy-‡-am-°n-°-gn-™p.- ]-©m-_n¬- ap-kv-enw- Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬- P-\n-®- \-a-Xm-km-Z-\- F-∂- \-Kv-a- B-Zy-am-bn- In-kv-Xy≥- kp-hn-ti-j-]-kw-Kw- \-S-Øn-b-Xv-

I-gn-™- sk-]v-‰w-_-dn¬- a-Zm-kn-se- hn-P-bv- ]m¿-°v- tlm- -en-em-bn-cp-∂p.-

h¿-j-߃-°p- ap-ºv- \-Kv-a- In-°-‰v-Xm-cw- ku-c-hv- Kmw-Kp-en-s°m-∏w- Xn-cp-

∏-Xn-°-Sp-Øv- io-I-f-l-kv-Xn-t£-X-Øn¬- ]q-P- \-S-Øn-b-Xv-G-sd- hm¿-Øm-]m-[m-\yw- t\-Sn-bn-cp-∂p.- ]n-∂o-Sv- B¿- v- Hm- v- en-hnw-Kv- u-t≠-j-\n¬- Aw-K-am-bn.- F-∂m¬,- Xp-S¿-∂v- ssI-kv-X-h-hn-izm-k-Øn¬- B-Ir-jv-S-bm-hp-I-bpw- a-X-]- m-j-W-cw-K-tØ-bv-°v- am-dp-I-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.-

ss_-_n-fn-s\- B-[m-c-am-°n- H-cp- a-Wn-°q-dn-te-sd- k-a-bw-]-kw-Kw- \-S-Øm≥- C-t∏mƒ- \-Kv-a-bv-°p- I-gn-bp-∂p-≠v.- ss_-_nƒ- hm-b-\- Po-hn-X-Øn¬- h-f-sc- A-[n-Iw- am-‰w- h-cp-Øn-sb-∂pw- a-‰p-≈-h¿-°v- ss_-_n-fn-eq-sS-bp-≈- h-N-\-߃- ]-I¿-∂p-\¬-Im-\m-Wv- C-t∏mƒ- i-an-°p-

∂-sX-∂pw- \-Kv-a- ]-d-bp-∂p.- \-Kv-a-bp-sS-C-f-b- k-tlm-Z-cn- X-an-gv- kn-\n-am- Xm-cw-tPym-Xn-I- bp-h-Xm-cw- kq-cy-bp-sS- m-cy-bm-Wv.- tdm-jv-\n- F-s∂m-cp- a-s‰m-cp- k-tlm-Z-cn-bp-ap-≠v.-

hym-P- kn-Un-Iƒ-°v- I-Sn-™m-Wn-Sm≥-tam-k¿- s_-b-dn-\v- I-gn-™p-

hn-kn-Un-I-fp-sS-bpw- Un-hn-Un-I-fp-sS-bpw- hn-e-Ip-d-bv-°p-I-bpw- N-e-®n-X-߃- dn-eo-km-bn- aq-∂p- am-k-Øn-\-Iw-X-s∂- hn-kn-Un-I-fpw- Un-hn-Un-I-fpw- hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øn-°p-I-bpw- sN-øp-I- h-gn-kn-\n-a-I-fp-sS- hym-P- kn-Un-Iƒ- C-d-ßp-∂-Xv- \n-b-¥n-°m≥- tam-k¿- s_-b-dn-\v- km-[n-®-Xm-bn- tam-k¿- s_-b¿-F-‚¿-s‰-bv≥-sa-‚ v- en-an-‰-Uv- No- v- Hm-∏-td-‰n-ßv- Hm- o-k¿- Pn.-[-\-Rv-P-b≥- ]-d-™p.-

hn-kn-Un- 28 cq-]-bv-°pw- Un-hn-Un-34 cq-]-bv-°pw- e- y-am-°n-s°m-≠v- Km¿-ln-I- hn-t\m-Z- hym-h-km-b-Øn¬- hn-π-hm-fl-I-am-b- am-‰w- h-cp-Øm≥- tam-k¿-s_-b-dn-\v- I-gn-™-Xm-bn- [-\-Rv-P-b≥-]-d-™p.- hn-e- Ip-d-™-Xn-s‚- -e-am-bn- 5,-000 tIm-Sn- cq-]- hm¿-jn-I- hn-‰p-h-c-

hp-≈- hym-P-kn-Un- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- 20 ap-X¬- 30 h-sc- i-X-am-\w- Ip-d-hv- h-cp-Øm≥- I-gn-™n- p-≠v.- t\-c-sØ- ]-Sw-dn-eo-km-bn- B-dv- am-kw- I-gn-™m-Wv-hn-kn-Un-bpw- Un-hn-Un- bpw- C-d-ßm-dv.-Cu- Im-e-b-f-hv- aq-∂v- am-k-am-°n- Ip-d-®-Xv- \n¿-Ωm-Xm-°ƒ-°v- h-en-sbm-c-\p-K-l-am-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv-;- A-h¿-°v- ap-S-°n-b- Xp-I- t\-c-sØ- X-s∂- e- n-®p- Xp-S-ßpw.-

1983˛¬- U¬-ln-bn¬- H-cp- ssSw- sd-t°m¿-U¿- bq-Wn-‰m-bn- ]-h¿-Ø-\-am-cw-`n-®- tam-k¿- s_-b¿- C-¥y- en-an-‰-Un-s‚- I-gn-™- h¿-j-sØ- hn-‰p-h-c-hv- 2000tIm-Sn- cq-]-bm-Wv.- 1988 ¬- v-tfm-]n- Un-kv-Iv- \n¿-am-W-Øn-te-°v- I-S-∂- tam-k¿-s_-b¿- ]n-∂o-Sv- Xn-cn-™v- t\m-°n-bn-√.- tem-I-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- _v-

fm-¶v- kn-Un,- Un-hn-Un- D¬-]m-Z-I-cm-Wv-tam-k¿- s_-b¿- C-t∏mƒ.- 2006˛¬- tam-k¿- s_-b¿- F-‚¿-s‰-bv≥-sa-‚ v- en-an-‰-Un-eq-sS- hn-t\m-Z- hy-h-km-b-Øn-te-°v-I-S-∂- I-º-\n- tlmw- hn-Un-tbm- hn-]-W-\-hpw- N-e-®n-X- \n¿-Ωm-W-hpw- Xp-S-ßn.- a-e-bm-fw,- ln-µn,- Cw-•o-jv,- X-an-gv,-I-∂-S,- a-dm-Øn,- Kp-P-dm-Øn,- _w-Km-fn-`m-j-I-fn¬- hn-kn-Un-I-fpw- Un-hn-Un-I-fpw- e- y-am-°p-∂- tam-k¿- s_-b¿- cm-Py-sØ- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- tlmw- F-‚¿-s‰-bv≥-sa-‚ v- I-º-\n-bm-Wv.- hn-hn-[- m-j-I-fn-se- ]-Xn-\m-bn-c-Øn-te-sd- ssS-‰n-ep-I-fp-sS- A-h-Im-iw- kz-¥-am-°n-bn- p-≈- I-º-\n- C-Xp-h-sc-bm-bn- aq-hm-bn-c-tØm-fw- ssS-‰n-ep-Iƒ- hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øn-®n- p-s≠-∂v- [-\-Rv-P-b≥- ]-d-™p.-

"-Ip-cp-t£-X-'-Un-hn-Un-

hn-]-Wn-bn¬- "-Ip-cp-t£-X-'-bp-sS- hn-kn-Un-I-fp-sS-bpw- Un-hn-Un-I-fp-sS-bpw- ]-

Im-i-\w- Nn-X-Øn-se- \m-b-I≥- tam-l≥-em-epw- tam-k¿- s_-b¿- F-‚¿-sS-bn≥-sa-‚ v- en-an-‰-Uv- No- v- Hm-]-td-‰nw-Kv- Hm- o-k¿- Pn.- [-\-Rv-P-b-\pw-tN¿-∂v- \n¿-h-ln-®p.- Ip-cp-t£-X-bp-sS- 101˛mw- Zn-\m-tLm-j-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n-®v- \-S-∂v- h¿-Æ-W-i-_-f-am-b- N-S-ßn¬- tam-k¿- s_-b¿- ^m-ss©-kn-bpw- ssk-\- ho-Un-tbm- D-S-a-bp-am-b- ]n.-Fw.-_m-h- B-Zy- kn-Un- G-‰p-hm-ßn-

tam-k¿- s_-b¿- _m-©v- am-t\-P¿- (tI-c-f-)- A-\q-]v- tPm- ,- Ip-cp-t£-X- kw-hn-[m-b-I≥- ta-P¿- c-hn,- \n¿-am-Xm-hv- k-t¥m-jv- Zm-tam-Z-c≥,-Nn-X-Øn-se- \-Sn- \-S≥-am¿,- a-‰v- A-Wn-d-b-d- ]-h¿-Ø-I¿- Xp-S-ßn-h¿-kw-_-‘n-®p.- \-Sn- \-S≥-am-sc-bpw- A-Wn-b-d- ]-h¿-Ø-I-sc-bpw- D-]-lm-c-߃- \¬-In- A-\p-tam-Zn-°p-I-bpw- sN-bv-Xp- .-

kw-ÿm-\-Øv- C-Xm-Zy-am-bm-Wv- H-cp- ]-Sw- dn-eo-km-bn- aq-∂p- am-kw-]q¿-Øn-bm-Ip-∂-tXm-sS- hn-kn-Un-bpw- Un-hn-Un-bpw- ]p-d-Øn-d-°p-∂-Xv.-

tam-k¿-s_-b-dn-s‚- sIm-®n-bn-se- F-fw-Ip-f-Øpw- ]m-em-cn-h- -Øp-ap-≈- tjm-dq-ap-I-fn¬- hn-kn-Un-bpw- Un-hn-Un-bpw- e- y-am-Wv.-

`q-tKm-f-sa-ßpw- hm-b-\-bv-°v- e-`yw-

2009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛1410

h-gn-tbm-cw- tdm-bn- ]n.- ]-tXm-kv-

\¿-Ωw-

^-en-X-Øp-≈n-Iƒ-

I-eym-W-s∏-Æn-s‚- sh-fp-Ø- h-kv-Xw-sIm-®p-Ip- n- H-cp- hn-hm-l- th-f-bn¬- A-Ω-tbm-Sv-:-

F-¥n-\m-Wv- I-eym-W-s∏-Æv- sh-fp-Ø- h-kv-X-߃- [-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.-

A-Ω-:- I-eym-W-s∏-Æn-s‚- Po-hn-X-Øn-se- G-‰-hpw- k-t¥m-j-ap-≈- Zn-h-k-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-W-Xv.-

Ip- n- B-tem-Nn-®n- v-:- A-Xp- i-cn,- I-eym-W-s®-dp-°≥-F-¥n-\m- I-dp-Ø- kyq- v- [-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂v- a-\-kn-em-bn.-

]n-W-ßn-t∏m-b- m-cy-bv-°v- ¿-Øm-hn-s‚- I-Øv-:- ]n-tb,- F-s‚- lr-Z-b-Øn-s‚- a-[p-c-ta.- \-Ωƒ- ]n-W-ßn- am-dn- \n-∂-Xn¬- ]n-s∂- Rm≥- G-I-\m-bn.- \n-\-°p- Xn-cn-®p- h-∂p- Iq-tS.- a-s‰m-cp-Øn-°pw- F-s‚- lr-Z-b-Øn-s‚-hn-S-hv- \n-I-Øm-\m-In-√.- \n-t∂-t∏m-se- a-s‰m-cp-h-sf- F-\n-°v- C-\n- I-eym-Ww- I-gn-°m≥- e- n-°n-√.- F-√mw- £-an-®v- ]p-Xn-sbm-cp- Xp-S-°w- B-bn-°q-tS.- Rm≥- \n-s∂-kv-t\-ln-°p-∂p.- \n-s∂- am-Xw- Hm¿-Øv- ¿-Øm-hv.- Ip-dn-∏v-:- \n-\-°v- tem-´-dn- A-Sn-s®-∂p- A-dn-™p.- A-`n-\-µ-\-߃.-

am-t\-P¿-:- C-t∏mƒ- sXm-gn¬- \-ev-Im-\m-In-√.- C-hn-sS- A-Xn-\p- X-°- tPm-en-bn-√..-

D-tZym-Km¿-Yn-:- A-Xp- i-cn- km¿,- Rm-\m-bn-cn-°pw- C-hn-sS- i-cn-°pw- tbm-Pn-®-bmƒ.- F-s∂- \n-b-an-®m¬- F-s¥-¶-¶n-epw- tPm-en- X-c-W-sa-∂v- Rm≥- tNm-Zn-°p-I-tb-bn-√.-

h-°o¬-:- ar-X-i-co-cw- ]-cn-tim-[n-®- k-a-b-sØ-°p-dn-®v- Hm¿-°p-∂p-t≠m-?-

tUm-Iv-S¿-:- t]m-Ãv-tam¿- w- G-I-tZ-iw- cm-hn-se- F- -c-bv-°m-Wv- B-cw- n-®-Xv.-

h-°o¬-:- A-t∏mƒ- A-bmƒ- a-cn-®n-cp-t∂m-?-tUm-Iv-S¿-:- C-√,- F-¥n-\m-Wv- Rm≥- t]m-Ãv-tam¿- w-

\-S-Øp-∂-sX-∂v- A-¥n-®v- ta-i-bn¬- C-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.-

tNm-Zyw-:- X-e-Ip-Øn- \n-ev-°p-tºmƒ- c-‡w- X-e-bn-te-°v- C-c-®p- I-b-dp-∂p.- F-∂m¬- Im-en¬- \n-ev-°p-tºmƒ-c-‡w- Im-en-te-°v- C-c-®p- h-cp-∂n-√.- F-¥m-Wv- Im-c-Ww.-

D-Ø-cw-:- A-Xv- Im-ep-Iƒ- s]m-≈-b-√m-Øp- sIm-≠m-Wv...-

]-c-kv-]-cw- kv-t\-ln-°p-∂- bp-h-Xo-bp-hm-°ƒ- hn-am-\-Øn¬- \n-∂p- Nm-Sn- B-fl-l-Xy- sN-øm≥- Xo-cp-am-\n-®p.- B-Zyw- bp-hm-hp- Nm-Sn-b-t∏mƒ- bp-h-Xn- ]n-t∂m- p- am-dn-bn- p- ]-d-™p.- kv-t\-lw- A-‘-am-Wv.- ]-Ip-Xn-°p- h-®p-]m-c-jq- v- Xp-d-∂- bp-hm-hv- ]-d-™p.- kv-t\-lw- H-cn-°-epw-a-cn-°p-∂n-√.-

Xn-c-t°-dn-b- _-kn¬- H-cp- bm-X-°m-c≥- s]-s -∂v-I-Æ-S-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xp- I-≠v- A-Sp-Øn-cp-∂-bmƒ-:- F-¥p- ]-‰n-?- F-s¥-¶n-epw- A-kzm-ÿyw-?-

a-dp-]-Sn-:- F-\n-°p- Ip-g-∏-sam-∂p-an-√.- ]m-b-am-b-h¿- \n-ev-°p-∂-Xp- Im-Wp-∂-Xv- F-\n-°v- C-jv-S-an-√.-

]p-©n-cn-®n-Xw-X-am-ipw- Iu-Xp-I-hpw- B-I¿-j-I-Xz-hpw- \n-d-™- F-X-sb-X- t^m-t´m-I-fm-Wv-

C- -sa-bn-ep-I-fn-eq-sS- Np-‰n-Øn-cn-bp-∂-Xv.- hm-b-\-°m¿-°v- A-ß-s\-bp-≈-h-tIm-kv-tdm-Un-te-°v- A-b-°mw.- sX-c-s™-Sp-Ø-h- ]-kn-≤o-I-cn-°pw.-

A-b-t°-≠- C-˛-sa-bn¬-:- photo.crossroad@gmail.com

A-]q¿-h- \n-an-j-߃-

Nn-e- ar-K-ß-fp-sS- Po-hn-X-Øn-se- A-]q¿-h- \n-an-j-߃.-\m-j-W¬- tPym-K- n-Iv- sX-c-s™-Sp-Ø- an-I-®- t^m-t´m-Iƒ.-

(A-b-®p- X-∂-Xv-:- am-b-)-

112009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛14t\mh¬-

a-Zy-h¿-÷≥-

hn¿-Pn≥- sam-ss_-en¬- Zn-h-tk-\-200 F-kv-Fw-F-kv- ku-P-\yw;aq-∂p- k-tµ-i-Øn-\p-ti-j-w

C-\n- F-kv-Fw-F-kv- h-gn- "-kw-km-cn-°mw-',- hn¿-Pn≥- sam-ss_-en-eq-sS.- Zn-h-tk-\- 200 F-kv-Fw-F-kv- ku-P-\y-am-bn- \¬-In-sIm-≠v- hn¿-Pn≥- sam-ss_¬- C-¥y≥- sS-en-tImw- cw-K-Øv- ]p-Xn-b- N-cn-X-sa-gp-Xp-I-bm-Wv.-

100 tem-°¬,- 100 \m-j-W¬- F-kv-Fw-F-kv- k-tµ-i-ß-fm-Wv- hn¿-Pn≥- Cu- Hm- -dn¬- \¬-Ip-∂-Xv.- C-Xn¬- ]-Ww- \¬-tI-≠-Xv- \m-j-W¬,-tem-°¬- s\-‰v-h¿-°p-I-fn-te-°p-≈- B-Zy- aq-∂v- F-kv-Fw-F-kv- k-tµ-i-߃-°v- am-Xw.- ]n-∂o-Sp-≈- k-tµ-i-߃- F-√mw- ku-P-\yw.- C-Xn-\m-bn-a-‰v- A-[n-I- ]m-t°-Pp-Iƒ- F-Sp-°p-I-tbm,- ]-Ww- A-[n-I-am-bn- \¬-Ip-I-tbm- sN-tø-≠-Xn-√.- hn¿-Pn≥- sam-ss_-en-s‚- hn-hn-[- ]m-t°-Pp-Iƒ-F-Sp-Øn- p-≈-h¿-°v- Cu- ku-P-\yw- e- y-am-Wv.-

B-Zy- aq-∂v- tem-°¬- F-kv-Fw-F-kp-Iƒ-°v- 1 cq-]-bpw- \m-j-W¬-F-kv-Fw-F-kp-Iƒ-°v- 1.-50 cq-]-bp-am-Wv- \n-c-°v.- C-Xn-s\-Xp-S¿-∂v- 100 tem-°¬,- 100 \m-j-W¬- F-kv-Fw-F-kp-Iƒ- ku-P-\y-am-bn- sN-ømw.-

Cu- ku-P-\y- Hm- -dn¬- cm-Py-Øn-se- G-Xv- s\-‰v- h¿-°n-te-°pw-G-Xp- \-º-dn-te-°pw- F-kv-Fw-F-kv- A-b-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.- hn¿-Pn≥- sam-ss_-en-s‚- ]p-Xn-b- h-cn-°m¿-°pw- \n-e-hn-ep-≈- F-√m- h-cn-°m¿-°pw-Cu- Hm- ¿- e- y-am-Wv.-

ku-P-\y- do-Nm¿-Pv- hm-Kv-Zm-\-hp-am-bn- Un-jv- Sn-hn-A≥-]-Xp- e-£w- h-cn-°m-cn-eq-sS-

c-≠-c-t°m-Sn- t]-£-I-sc- C-Xn-\-Iw-ky-jv-Sn-®p- I-gn-™- cm-Py-sØ- H-∂mw-\-º¿- Un-‰n-F-®v- tk-h-\- Zm-Xm-°-fm-b-Un-jv-Sn-hn- ku-P-\y- do-Nm¿-Pv- hm-Kv-Zm-\w- sN-øp-∂p.- \n-e-hn-ep-≈- h-cn-°m¿-°pw- ]p-Xp-Xm-bn- tN-cp-∂-h¿-°pw- Cu-B-\p-Iq-eyw- e- n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv.-

h-cn-°m-c≥- F-X- cq-]-bv-°m-tWm- do-Nm¿-Pv- sN-øp-∂-Xv- A-X-bpw- Xp-I-bv-°p-≈- aq-ey- h¿-[n-X- tk-h-\-߃- ku-P-\y-am-bn- \¬-Ip-I-bm-Wv- I-º-\n- sN-øp-∂-Xv.- kn¬-h¿- ]m-bv-°v- hn- m-K-Øn¬-do-Nm¿-Pv- \n-c-°v- c-≠p-X-c-Øn-em-Wv- -200 cq-]-bpw- 500 cq-]-bpw.- 200 cq-]-bv-°v-do-Nm¿-Pv- sN-øp-tºmƒ- A-X-bpw- Xp-I-bv-°v- Xp-ey-am-bn- C-jv-S-s∏- - H-c-[n-I- Nm-\¬- Xn-c-s™-Sp-°m-\pw- (C-Xn-s‚- aq-eyw- 40 cq-]-)- B-h-iy-s∏-Sp-∂- kn-\n-a-(aq-eyw- 160 cq-]-)- Im-Wm-\pw- A-h-k-cw-e- n-°p-∂p.- 500 cq-]-bp-sS- kn¬-h¿- ]m-bv-°v- B-sW-¶n¬- 100 cq-]- aq-ey-ap-≈-Nm-\¬- Iq- n-t®¿-°p-∂-Xn-\v- ]p-d-sa- 400cq-]-bv-°p-≈- ]-S-ß-fpw- Im-Wmw.- tKmƒ-Uv- ]m-bv-°n-s‚- do-Nm¿-Pv- \n-c-°v- 500cq-]-bm-Wv.- A-t∏mƒ- 100 cq-]-bv-°p-≈-A-[n-I- Nm-\-epw- 400 cq-]-bv-°v- B-h-

iy-s∏-Sp-∂- kn-\n-a-bpw- e- y-am-Ip-∂p.- U-b-a-≠v- ]m-bv-°n¬- (do-Nm¿-Pv- Xp-I- 700cq-]-)- 140 cq-]-bp-sS- ]p-Xn-b- Nm-\-ep-I-fpw- 560 cq-]- aq-ey-ap-≈- C-jv-S- kn-\n-a-bp-am-Wv- ku-P-\y-am-bn- e- n-°p-∂-Xv.- πm-‰n-\w- ]m-bv-°n-s‚- do-Nm¿-Pv- Xp-I- c-≠v-X-c-Øn-ep-≠v- - 700 cq-]-bpw- 1800 cq-]-bpw.- 700 cq-]-bv-°v- U-b-a-≠n-se- ku-P-\y-߃- X-s∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw.- 1800 cq-]-bp-sS-Xm-sW-¶n¬- 360 cq-]-bv-°p-≈-]p-Xn-b- Nm-\-ep-I-fpw- 1440 cq-]- aq-ey-ap-≈- ]-S-ß-fp-am-Wv- e- y-am-Ip-I.-

A-c-t°m-Sn- h-cn-°m-cpw- c-≠-c-t°m-Sn- t]-£-I-cp-sa-∂- A-Xp-ey- t\- w- h-cn-°m-cp-am-bn- ]-¶n-Sp-∂-Xn-\m-Wv- ku-P-\y- do-Nm¿-Pv- A-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-∂v-Un-jv-Sn-hn- C-¥y- en-an-‰-Uv- sU-]yq-´n-ssh-kv- ]-kn-U-‚ v- hn.-]n.-Iy-jv-W-Ip-am-dpw,- do-P-W¬- am-t\-P¿- (tI-c-f-)- ]n.-_n.-cm-[m-Iy-jv-W-\pw- ]-d-™p.- Cu- am¿-®v-A-h-km-\w- h-sc-bm-Wv- Hm- ¿- _m-[-tI-sa-∂v- A-h¿- A-dn-bn-®p.- Hm- -dn-s‚-`m-K-am-bn- do-Nm¿-Pn-\p-≈- sF.-‰n.-C-sk-Uv- Iym-jv- Im¿-Up-Iƒ- I-º-\n- C-d-°n-bn- p-≠v.- 200 cq-]-bp-sS-bpw- 500 cq-]-bp-sS-bpw- kn¬-h¿- Im¿-Up-I-fpw- 500 cq-]-bp-sS- tKmƒ-Uv- Im¿-Upw- 700 cq-]-bp-sS-

U-b-a-≠v- Im¿-Upw- 700 cq-]-bp-sS-bpw-1800 cq-]-bp-sS-bpw- πm-‰n-\w- Im¿-Up-I-fp-am-Wv- e- y-am-hp-I.- sF.-‰n.-C-sk-Uv-Iym-jv- Im¿-Up-Iƒ-°v- ]p-d-sa- s\-‰v- _m-¶nw-Kv,- sI-Un-‰v- Im¿-Uv,- sN-°v,- Un-Un,-Cu-kn- _n¬,- tUm-]v- t_m-Iv-kv,- F-∂n-h- h-gn-bpw- do-Nm¿-Pv- sN-bv-Xv- ku-P-\y-߃- ssI-∏-‰m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.- \n-Ip-Xn- Iq-Sm-sX- 15 cq-]- ap-X¬- 55 cq-]- h-sc- h-cp-∂- B-em-Im¿-Sv- ]m-bv-°p-Iƒ-(]p-Xn-b- Nm-\-ep-Iƒ- Iq- n-t®¿-°m-\p-≈-ku-I-cyw-)- Un-jv- Sn-hn- H-cp-°n-bn- p-≠v.-

Cu- h¿-jw- 30 e-£w- t]-sc-°q-Sn-h-cn-°m-cm-°n-s°m-≠v- Un-‰n-F-®v- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- H-∂mw- ÿm-\-Øp- X-s∂- Xp-S-cp-hm-\m-Wv- I-º-\n- e-£y-an- n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂v- Iy-jv-W-Ip-am¿- ]-d-™p.- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b- D¬-]-∂-ß-fpw- an-I-®- tk-h-\-hpw- e- y-am-°p-I- h-gn-bm-Wv- Un-jv- Sn-hn-°v- ap≥- \n-c-bn¬- Xp-S-cm≥- km-[n-°p-∂-sX-∂v- Iy-jv-W-Ip-am¿- Iq- n-t®¿-Øp.-

C-¥y≥- am-[y-a- cw-K-sØ- ]-_-e-cm-b- kn- Kq-∏n-s‚- m-K-am-b- Un-jv- Sn-hn- 225 Nm-\-ep-I-fm-Wv- C-t∏mƒ- e- y-am-°p-∂-Xv.- cm-Py-sØ- 6500 ]- -W-ß-fn-em-bn- 650 Un-kv-Sn-_yq- ¿-am-cpw- 45000Uo-e¿-am-cpw- I-º-\n-°p-≠v.-

Hm-^¿-

Km-fio-h≥-

A≤-ym-bw

2

A-ßn-s\- H-cp- \mƒ,- km-£m¬- G-Ø-∏n-≈n¬- G-kv-X-∏m-t\m-kv- F-∂- G-kv-X-h≥- ]m-t\m-kv- F-∂- ]m-t\m-kv- X-s‚-a-Wn-sI-´n-b- a-Wn-am-fn-tI-sS- ap-∂n-se- ]q-tam-Øv- H-‰-ap-≠-\pw-Xm-sg- sN-dp-ap-≠-\p-am-bn- Hm-bn¬- am-t -Pv,- sk¬-^m-bn- ]m-®n- sk-en-t_-‰v- sN-bv-Xp-sIm-≠n-cn-s°-bn¬,- kw-ÿm-\- a-Zy-h¿-÷≥- ]-tk-¥n- km-£m¬-Ip-kp-am-c-°p-´n- F-gv-»≥- Zn-hy-tPym-’y-\p-ap-∂n¬- B-K-¥p-I-\m-bn,- h-W-°-tØm-Sv- h-W-°-am-bn- h-W-°-am-kw- am-Xn-cn- H-W-ßn- h-c-≠v- s]m-kn-j-\m-bn.- "-"-F-_v-S-∂m-tWm-thm- s]- - s]-em-e-bv-°v-'-'- ∂m-bn- km-£m¬- G-kv-X-h≥.-

-"-"-G-bv...-C-_v-S-bv-°-s∂- X-s∂- H-∂v- I-Wm-t\-bv-'-'-F-∂v- F-gv-»≥.-

-"-"-F-∂m- I-t≠m-tf- I-Æv-s]m-t´ym-fw- I-t≠m-tf-'-'-∂v- G-kv-X-h≥- aq-∏-®≥...- "-"-A-√m- F-gv-»-\n-cp-∂n-t√-'-'-∂v- F-S-bv-°n-s´m-cp-F-S-bv-°-°p-Øpw- Ip-Øn- G-kv-X-h≥.-

-"-"-C-cn-°m-\pw- \n-°m-s\m-∂z-t√-bv- Rm-\n-s¶-Sv- s]m-d-s∏-t -bv-'-'-A-∏-Sn- ]-d-t™m-≠v-

F-gv-»≥,- Sn-bm≥- h-l- H-∂-c-A-cn-®m-°v- Ip-≠n- S-t∏m-∂v- \m¬-°m-en-s∏m-d-Øv- X-s∂- C-Sn-s®-d-°n- F-dv-®n-bm-°n.- "-"-G-Ø-∏n-≈n- C-cn-°-Wn-√ym-thm-?-'-'- ∂v-tNm-Zyw- Ip-¥-am-°n- Ip-Øm-\pw-a-d-∂n-√- ta-ev-]-Sn- h¿-÷≥.-

-"-"-G-bv- C-\n-°v- C-cn-°-W-io-ew- A-¶-Sv- A-X-bv-°n-eym-∂v- Ip-´n-t°m-tf-'-'-∂v- G-Ø-h≥-

-"-"-¥m- aq-e-Øn¬- tN-\-hn-Øv-s]m-t´ym-s\-W-°v-?-'-'- F-∂v- Ip-kp-am-c-°p- n- F-gv-»≥-

-"-"-C-≠v- hn-Ø-X-bv-°-¶v-Sv- aq-Ø-´n-√ym-'-'-∂v- G-kv-X-h≥- aq-tØm≥.- ]-d-™v- ]-d-™v- In-fn-In-fo-∂v- In-fn-tIyw- sN-bv-Xp.- "-"-s\-øv- `m-Kyw- sN-bv-tXm≥...- tN-\-bv-s°-¥m- t∏m-sh-e-?-!-'-'- ]-d-™-Xpw,- F-∂n-´v- C-Sn-ap-´n- am-Xn-

cn- B-sI- I-´-Ø-Sn-bm-b- h-´p-d-∏≥- km-[-\w- H-s∂-Wo-‰v- ]n-t∂w- H-cp- C-cn-∏-ß-´n-cp-∂p.- Np-‰p-h-t´mw- Np-‰n-I-°-tÆm-≠v- t_¿-Uv- thm-®pw- Io-®pw- Io-®n,- H-Sp-°w- ]q-tam-Øv- aq-e-bv-°v- Ip- n-aw-K-eow- tam-fn-ev- A-S-∏pw,- A-Sp-∏v-am-Xn-cn- Ão-se≥- In-fm-kpw,- Ip-Sp-t°w-I-Æpw-sh-´-Øm-°n.- ]n-s∂- sh-≈w- I-≠v- I-b-dv- s]m-´n-t®m-S-W- ]-≠m-c-∏-øv- tam-U-ev- Hm-t¥m-´-tam-Sn-b- F-gv-»≥,- aw-K-en-t®m-´n-ev- sN-s∂-Øn- B-Im-¥-Øn¬- \n-ev-]m-tb-bv...- "-"-¥m...-G-Ø-∏n-≈o- -kw- m-cw- »n-H-i-º-\m-¨- ∂p-t≠m-?-'-'-

"-"-ssh-t∂-cw- km-Øp-´n- sN-sØy-d-°n- ]p-fn-∏n-®- km-am-\m.-'-'- Ip-kp-am-c- Ip- n-bm≥- hm-Ø- I-≠- Xp-≈-∏-Wn-°-cm-im-s‚- ti-en-ev- s\m- n-s\m-W-™v......-Ãm≥-U-‰o-kn-bm-bn.-

"-"-¥m...-kw- m-cw- A-km-cw- Ip-sØy-d-°-tWm- F-gv-»≥-?-'-'-

"-"-B-tøm-s´...-B- sN-°≥-Nm-Øp- ym-cv- Im-W-≠m-'-'-

"-"-sZ-¥m..-F-gv-»-\v- Nm-Øq-s\-A-X-bv-°-¶v-Sv- t]-Sym-?-'-'-

"-"-sN-°≥- in-cy-√- s‚- ]m-t\m-tk.- \m-´n-sem-s°- Km-\-ta-fym-°pw- Ip- n-∏n-im-iv.-'-'-

-F-∂m¬- s]m- -s∏m-Sp-∂-s\,-km-Øm-\pw,- G-kv-X-h-s‚- ap≥-Kp-cp-hpw- C-t∏mƒ- ]n-b-in-jy-\pw,- Ip-´n-tØ-hm-¶pw,- I-cn-∏-´n-bpw,- H-Sn-am-b-\p-am-b- km-£m¬-Nm-Øp-°p-´n- m-Ø-∏≥,- Im-°n-\n-°-dpw- aq-∂-Sn- B-fp-b-c-hp-am-bn- B-sI- In-fn-®v- Im-´n- Ip-kp-am-c-°p-´n- F-gv-»-\v- ap-∂n-ev- S-t]-∂v- ]-Xy-£- q-X-am-bn.-

-^-Ãv - ssk-‰n¬- B-sI-ssk-‰-Sn-®v- I-Æv- ]o-km-°n-°-f-s™-¶n-epw,- Xm≥- F-∏-gpw- P-\-sa-∂- P-\-td-j≥- I-gp-X-I-tfm-Sv-X- n-aq-fn-°-W- kw-b-a-\≥- F-∂-kz-b-º≥- Im- v- I-gp-tX-sS- Iq- pw-Iq-´m-fn-bp-am-bv- F-gv-»≥- km-Ø-∏≥- sN-tdym-s\- t\m-°n- U-b-tem-Kv- ]m-®n...- "-"-s\-sÆ-°-s≠m-cp- Im-ew- I-≠-cv- km-bpw- a-Øm-

I-Æm-¶-fn- km-Ø-h≥.-"-"-\p-Ωv-sS- B-f-s√-tS-bv- ...- Ip-

Sp-°-s°m-Sw- s\-d-s®-'-'-∂v- G-kv-X-h≥.-

"-"-A-X-bv-°-¶v-Sv- th-tWm- Kp¿-Po-?-'-'-∂v- t\m- w- i-c-Øn-em-°n,- i-cw-Ip-Øn- km-Øm≥- km-Ø-∏≥...- F-∂n-´v- I-sø-Øn-∏n-Sn-®-Ip-Sp-°-s°m-S-Øn-ev- ap-°m-ev-sIm-≈n-®v- sh-fp-Ø-km-[-\w- I-a-Øn- F-gv-»-s‚- B-k-\-Øn-se-Øn-®v- Nn-dn-t°w- Nn-tdy-¶-≠- \m-thw-H-∏m-bn- in-jy≥.-

-a-Zy-h¿-÷≥- F-gv-»≥-ap-°m¬-sIm-Sw- s]m-´n-®v- sXm-S-ßn...- H-∂v- ...-H-∂-c- sc-≠v- sIm-S-Øn¬- tIm-a-sIm-Sp-Øv- H-c-c-s°m-Sw- Iq-sS- H-gn-®-Sn-®v- C-‚¿-

"-"-h-t¥- am-Øn-co- h-t¥- am-Øn-co-

k-¥n-\-∂m-bv- Ip-ep-tIym-≠v-h-t¥-˛-

h-t¥- am-Øn-co-h-t¥-am-Øn-co-˛- h-t¥-am-

Øn-co-sam-¥-tb¬- \-√- A-¥o-am-

bo- h-t¥-am-Øn-co-]m-Sn-∏m-Sn- ]m-Sq-cv- ]-Wn-°-

\m-b- ]-tk-¥n- F-gv-»≥- H-c-c-Ip-´n-s°m-Sw- km-[-\w- Iq-sS- sXm-t≈-ev- I-a-gv-Øn- _v-[ow-∂v- ]q-tam-Øv- I-an-gv-∂-Sn-®v- sI-S-∂v- Iq¿-°- -am-[n-bm-bn.-

"-"-km-[-\w- t¢m-kv- ]-Æn-bm-®m- im-ao-?-'-'- ∂v- km-Ø-h≥-

"-"-C-√-tS-bv- -X-√n-s°m-∂m-epw-

im-h-am- m≥-'-'- ∂v- G-kv-X-h≥-"-" -A-∏-Sn-bm-?-' -' -∂v- km-Ø-

h≥....- Xp-S¿-∂v-"-"-F-¥n-t\- Xp-°n-Sn- h-∂-'-'-

sX-∂pw- km-Ø-h≥.-"-"-a-s‰-∂mƒ- I-f-Iv-‰- tZm¿- ko-

hv-en-b≥- ]-Sn-s°-´n¬- a-Zy-h¿-÷≥- ]-ÿm≥- D¬-Lm-Sn-°m≥-X-s∂- hn-fn-°m-'-'-s\-∂v- G-kv-X-∏m-t\m-kv.-

-kw-K-Xo-sS- kq-£w- Kp- ≥-kv-]p-Sn-In-´m-∏p-≈n-bm-b- in-jy≥-km-tØm≥- hm-tbm-≠pw- aq-t°m-≠pw- H-∂n-®v- G-kv-X-h-s\- t\m-°n- t\m-°v- Ip-Øn-»-\m-bn.-

In-f-In-fm-∂v- In-fn-®v,- ti-jw-ti-j≥- am-jm-bn- km-Øp-´n- aq-Øym-s\- I-tÆm-Sn-®v- I-tÆm-Øv-\m-b-cpw- I-Æ≥-\-cn-bp-am-b- km-£m¬- ]m-t\m-kv- F-kv-Iz-b¿-A-cp-a-in-jy-s\- ssa≥-Um¬- X-gp-In-Ø-gp-In- C-∏-Sn-°pw- tI- m¿...-

-"-"-F-¥p-´n-\m-≠m- i-ho,- s\-øn-ß-s\- h-≠-d-Sn-®-Sn-®v-h-≠n-tØm-aym-h-W-Xv-?- F-¥m-th-tW-®m- tNm-bv-°-Sm- Ip- n- Pm-t¶-'-'-

-tI-´-Xpw,- tI-´- an-\n-‰v-kn¬- Pm-¶v- km-tØm≥- X-s‚-Ip-Sp-h≥-hm-b- tXm-s\- sXm-d-∂v-]n-Sn-®v- sXm-d-∏-Øv- ]p-Xp-hm-fm-bn-G-kv-X-h-t\m-Sv- C-∏-Sn-°pw- sam-gn-™v- Xp-S-ßn-\m¿-˛-

"-"-Kp¿-Po...-a-Zy-h¿-÷≥- Ip-kp-am-c-s\-gv-»≥- a-Zy-h¿-÷-\-iw-Lw-]-tk-¥n- b-√-hm-?-'-'-

"-"-F-Xp-s°-Sm- k-t¥-lw-?-'-'-∂v- G-Ø-∏≥-

"-"-a-Zy-h¿-÷≥- iw-Lw- a-Øn-bw- hn-e-°n-√-hm-?-'-'-

"-"-A-Xp-°pw- k-t¥-l-an-s√-Sm.-'-'-

"-"-B-\m¬- \-Ω- F-gv-»≥- sIm-Sw-sIm-S-am-l- Sm-Uo- ho-ip-h-Xv- F-∏-So-?-'-'-

G-Ø-∏≥- kz-¥w- sN-≠-h-b-dn¬- Hm-bn¬- tX-®v- tX-®v- tX-®p-Æn-am-jm-bn-In-fn-®v- Im- n.-

"-"-tU-bv- km-Ø-∏m- ]-≠v- ]-´-Ωm-cpw- \m-b-Ωm-cpw- Iq-Sn- Ip-Øo-cp-∂v- I-S-™n-t√-tS-bv- sh-®q-cv- ]-øn-s‚- ]m-sem-gn-®v- \m-gn-bm-°n-b- ]m-em-gn-°-≈v.-'-'-

"-"-H-t∆-'-'-∂v- ªn-¶n,- ªn-¶-\m-bn- km-Øp-´n.-

"-"-I-S-™v- I-S-™v- ]-\-¶-≈v-I-S-™-t∏m-°n- n-bn-t√-tS-bv- Im-f≥- Ip¿-°n-b- A- -ev- Im-f-°p-´m≥-?-'-'-

"-"-H-s∆m- t∆-'-'- ∂v- ªn-¶- ªn-¶m-≠-\m-bn-t∏m-b- km-tØm≥-Kp-cp-h-N-\-Øn-s‚- s\-Iv-Ãv- F-∏n-tkm-Uv- C-]-Im-cw- Ip-´n-°¿-Æ-ß-fn¬- Ip-Øn-t°-‰n- F-∏n-tUm-k-\m-bn.-

"-"-F-∂n- -Xv- \m-b¿-°pw- ]- ¿-°pw- sIm-Sp-°m-t≠y- km-£m¬-

H-‰-ºq-cn-»≥- X-s∂- an-Wv-ßn- an-\v-ßo-t√- sh-jm-sW-∂v- s]m-´-s∏m-fn-Rm-bw- Rm-Wp-tΩ-t°m¿-Øv-'.-'-

F-∂n-´pw- Kp-´≥-kn-s‚-sbm-cp- s]m-´v-_-´≥-kv-t]m-epw- In-´m-Ø- ªn-¶-»≥,- Kp-cp-tam-¥-bn¬-I-Æpw- I-c-fpw- A-¥-hpw- Ip-¥-hpw- H-∂n-®v- πm-‚ v- sN-bv-Xv- Hm-´-»n-¶m-cn-bm-bn.-

"-"-Sm- Ip-´n- Pm-t¶...-a-Øn-bw-sh-j-am-b-tXm-≠m-Sm- a-¨-°q-tk...- \p-Ω-sS- G-gv-»≥,- a-Øn-bw-sIm-S-tØm-sS- an-Wp-ß-W-Xv.- a-‰m-cpw- Ip-Sn-®v- Ip-Xow- Ip-t¥mw- a-dn-™v- a-dn-am-b- tam-cm-hm-≠n-cn-°m≥.- C≥-Zn- sh-cn-tkw- p- v-]n-‚ v-kv- Hm-^v- Zn- Kp-tUmƒ-Uv- kn-h-s∏-cp-amƒ- Zn- tK-‰v- C≥- ]-ªn-Iv- C-‚ v-sd-Ãv.-'-'-

-km-bp-´o-sS- tN-ep-°v-Kp-cp-h¿- G-kv-X-h-s‚- Aw-tK-jv-Ko¿-hm-Ww- tI-´v- A-≠-\m-bn- h-≠-d-Sn-®- km-Øp- n,- F-∂n- pw- Kp-cp-ap-Jw- t\m-°n- H-scm-‰- \-º¿-iw-iw- Nn-°-¨- Nn-°-em-°n.-

"-"-]-tg-a-\- n¬- ]-g-¶-™n-∏-cp-h-Øn¬- H- -tam¿- sUu- v- Kp-tcm≥.-'-'-

"-"-Ip-Sn-®v- sXm¬-°y-Sm- km-Øq-'-'-∂v- Kp-tcm≥-

"-"-a-Zy-h¿-÷≥- ]-ÿm≥- D-Ø-cw- ]-√n-bm-b- F-gv-»≥- C-∏-Sn-ho-in- tIm-tWmw-]-dn-®v- sI-S-∂m-ev- P-\w- a-Ww- ]p-Sn-®-dn-bn-t√-Kp-tcm≥- G-kv-X-hm-?-'-'-

"-"-a-W-Øn¬- Im-cy-an-s√-tS- a-Wv-°q-tk..-am-X-√...- ]o-∏nƒ-kn-s\- Im-Wn-®-√-t√m- G-gv-»-s‚- io-\-h-e-Ko¿-hm-W- ]-tbm-Kw.- I-≠m-epw- sh-ey-Im-cy-eym-∂v- Iq-´n-t°m-tf-s‚- km-Øp-t´y-bv.- \m-ev- h-cn- t\-sc-s®m-t∆- F-gp-Xo-´n-√m-Ø- sN-e-sN-e-km-ln-Xy-\m-bv-°-Ωm¿- ]-d-bp-tΩm-Ww- Im-®n-bm- t]m-c-tS-bv....- "-"-I-≈v- Ip-Sn-®n-v- th-≠m- C-\n-°v- c-‡-Øn-ev- e-

l-cn-bp-≠m-hm≥- tNm-tº-do-∂v-'-'.- A-Xm-Sm-tam-t\zm- Cu- ]m-Iv-Sn-°¬- ]m-Iv-Sn-°¬- F-∂v- ]-d-b-W- km-ln-tXymw,- t]m-fn-‰n-Iv-kpw,- s]m-Xp-]-h¿-Ø-t\mw.- ]p-Sn-In-´ym- ]p-t≈- A-\-°v-?-'-'-

-A-\-°m-sX-X-s∂- F-√mw- ]p-Sn-In-´n-b- ]p-≈- km-Ø-∏≥- Nn-Øn-c-∏p-≈m-bn- \m-ez-´w-"-"-Lpw- Lpw-'-'-∂v- \o- n-°p-dp-°n-aq-fn.- F-∂n- v- A-c-°-Sp-°- ]m-\o-bw-km-Z-cw- ]m¿-∂v- km-£m¬- ]m-t\m-kv- Kp¿- `q-X-Øn-\v- \o-´n.- "-"-πo-kv- tl-th- Un-¶v...-Hm...-tam-jv-‰v- sd-jv-s]-Iv-S-Uv- am-jv-S¿.-'-'-

-(th-tWm-¶n- A-Æm-°n-sem-gn-®v- \-s°-Sm...- ]-c- - ]-c-\m-dn- G-Ø-∏n-≈n¬- G-kv-X-∏m-t\m-kv-am-jv-S-td..-)-

(Xp-S-cpw-)-

tΩw- a-d-∂-t√m-˛-s‚- Ip-´n- P-¶m-cp-'-'-

sN-tdym≥- ap-≠m-≠pw- ]-d-bm-≠pw- F-gv-»-s‚- tIm-tWm-io-te-sS- hm-ep-Ω-ev- X-s∂- t\m-°n-In-fn-®q.-

"-"-]-tk-¥n-°v- sIm-Sv-°-dm-km-Øq- o-∂v-'-'- G-kv-X-h≥.-

F-X-kv-tam-sf-∂v- I-tÆm-≠v-

sh¬- Xp-Wn-Xm-gv-Øn- ]n-ºn-cn- ]n-cn-]n-cn-∏-\m-bn- D-Sp-Ø- J-Z-tdm≥-H-‰- ap-≠-\-gn-®v- X-te-a-ev- Km-‘n-sØm-∏n-bm-°n- ]m-®n- sXm-≈-bn¬- h-t¥m¿- tam-X-cw- tS-∏v-sd-t°m¿-U-d-h-\v- Hm- -kn-·¬- k-U-\m-°n- sR-°n-s°m-Sp-Øp.-

2009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛1412hm-l-\w-

hn-]-Wn-bn¬- lyq-≠m-bv-skm-Wm-‰- Sm≥-kv-t^mw-

lyq-≠m-bv- tam-t´m¿- C-¥y-bp-sS- skm-Wm-‰- Sm≥-kv-t^mw- hn-]-Wn-bn¬.-]o-an-bw- sk-Um≥- hn- m-K-Øn¬-s∏- - skm-Wm-‰-bp-sS- G-‰-hpw- \-ho-I-cn-®- ]-

Xn-∏m-Wv- Sm≥-kv-t^mw.-2.-4 en-‰¿- \m-ev- kn-en-≠¿- Un-H-

kn-F-®v- s]-tSmƒ- F≥-Pn≥- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂- Sm≥-kv- t^mw- an-I-®- C-‘-\-£-a-X- D-d-∏p- \¬-Ip-∂p.- 2˛-en-‰¿-tIm-a- - sd-bn¬- F≥-Pn-\m-Wv- Uo-k¬- tam-U-en¬- D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.-6 -kv-]o-Uv- am-\z¬,- 4 -kv-]o-Uv- ( F-®v-am-‰n-Iv-)- Hm-t´m-am-‰n-Iv- tam-U-ep-Iƒ- e-`y-am-Wv.-

A-tem-bv- ho-ep-Iƒ,- dn-tam- v- tUm¿- Hm-∏-Wnw-Kv,- Io-se-kv- C-·o-j≥,- F≥-Pn≥- C-sΩm-_n-sse-k¿,- 6 F-b¿- _m-Kp-Iƒ,- ssU-h¿-°pw- bm-X-°m¿-°pw-]-tXy-Iw- ss¢-a-‰v- I- -tSmƒ- ku-I-cyw,- Hm-Un-tbm- kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-\v- Ão-b-dnw-Kn¬- I- -tSmƒ,- bp-F- kv-_n- t]m¿- v- D-≈- Fw-]n-3 sπ-b¿- Xp-S-ßn- \n-c-h-[n-B-Uw-_-c- k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fp-am-bm-Wv- skm-Wm-‰- Sm≥-kv- t^mw- F-Øp-∂-Xv.-

H-_m-a-bv-°v- kq-∏¿- Im¿- "-Zn- _o-Ãv -'-A-ta-cn-°≥- ]-kn-U-

‚ v- _-dm-Iv- H-_m-a-bv-°p- kq-∏¿- Im¿.- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- bm-X-Iƒ-°m-bn- X-bm-dm-°n-b- A-Xym-[p-\n-I- Im-dn-s‚- \n¿-am-Ww- ]q¿-Øn-bm-bn.- A-tß-b-‰w- kp-c-£bpw- kp-J-ku-I-cy-ß-fp-am-Wv- C-Xv- hm-Kv-Zm-\w- sN-øp-∂-Xv.-

P-\-d¬- tam-t´m-gv-kn-s‚-Io-gn¬- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂- B-Uw-_-c- Im¿- \n¿-am-Xm-°-fm-b- Im-Un-em-Iv- B-Wv- "-en-tam-kn≥-'- Im¿- \n¿-an-®-Xv.- Cu-hn.-hn.-sF.- ]n- Im-dn-s‚- Nn-Xw- I-º-\n- ]p-d-Øv- hn- p.- "Zn-_o-Ãv-'- (ar-Kw-)- F-∂m-Wv- Im-dn-\v- hn-fn-t∏-cv.- C- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- Im-Un-em-Iv- h- - F-∂m-Wv- Hu-tZym-Kn-I- t]-cv.-

]-kn-U-‚ v- tPm¿-Pv- _p-jv- D-]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂- Im¿-\n¿-an-®-Xpw- Im-Un-em-Iv- X-s∂-bm-Wv.- 2004 -em-Wv- _p-jn-s‚- Im¿- \n¿-an-®-Xv.- "-Zn-_o-Ãn-'¬- B-Uw-_-c-tØ-°mƒ- kp-c-£m- I-ao-I-c-W-߃-°m-Wv- ap≥-K-W-\-sb-∂v- bp.-F-kv- kp-c-£m- D-tZym-K-ÿ¿- A-dn-bn-®p.-

Im-dn-s‚- tUm-dp-Iƒ-°v-F-´n-©v- ho-Xn-bp-≠v.- t_m-bnw-Kv- 757 hn-am-\- Im-_n≥-tUm-dn-s‚- Xq-°w- h-cpw- A-

Xn-\v.- bp-F-kv- kp-c-£m- Un-∏m¿-´v-sa-‚ v- X-s∂-bm-Wv- kp-c-£m-kw-hn-[m-\-߃- H-cp-°n-b-Xv.- F-∂m¬,- C-Xn-s‚- Iq-Sp-X¬- c-l-ky-߃- ]q¿-W-am-bpw- sh-fn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥- A-[n-Ir-X¿- X-bm-dm-bn-√.- _p-f-f-‰v- ]q- v- •m-kp-Iƒ-°v-]p-d-ta- t_mw-_m-I-a-W-Øn¬-\n-∂pw- tdm-°-‰v,- sj-√m-I-a-W-

ß-fn¬-\n-∂pw- bm-Xn-I-sc- kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-f-f- \q-X-\-k-÷o-I-c-W-ß-fpw- Im-dn-ep-≠v.- cm-km-bp-[-sØ- t\-cn-Sp-∂-Xn-s‚-`m-K-am-bn- ]-tXy-I- Hm-Iv-kn-P≥-kn-en-≠-dpw- Im-dn¬- k-÷-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.- Xo-sI-Sp-Øm-\pw-kw-hn-[m-\-߃.- P-bnw-kv- t_m-≠v- kn-\n-a-I-fn-te-Xp- t]m-ep-≈-

Im¿-!-C-Xn-s\-√mw- ]p-d-ta,- H-tc-k-

a-bw- \m-ep-h-i-ß-fn-te-°pw- B-I-a-Ww- \-S-Øm≥- I-gn-bp-∂- hn-[-Øn¬- sN-dn-b- tdm-°-‰v- tem-©-dp-I-fpw- tjm-´v- td-©v- an-ssk¬- hn-t£-]n-Wn-bpw- hn-am-\-th-[- tXm-°pw- Dƒ-s∏-sS- \n-c-h-[n- A-Xym-[p-\n-I- B-bp-[-

ß-fpw- Im-dn¬- L-Sn-∏n-°mw.- ]p-d-Øp-\n-∂p-≈- B-I-a-W-w- X-S-bm≥- hn-hn-[- kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fp-≠v.- A-Xym-[p-\n-I- d-Um¿- kw-hn-[m-\-ß-fpw- hm¿-Øm-hn-\n-a-b-Øn-\m-bn- k-÷o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sam-ss_¬- Hm- o-kpw- Cu- Im-dn-s‚- ]-tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.- C-cp- n¬-Nn-X-sa-Sp-°m-hp-∂- Iym-a-d-bpw- Sn-

b¿- Kym-kv- sj-√p-I-fp-ap-≠v.-s]m- n-sØ-dn-°m-Ø- co-Xn-bn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv- s]-tSmƒ- Sm-¶v.- ]w-Iv-N¿- D-≠m-Im-Ø- X-c-Øn-ep-≈- S-b-dp-I-fm-Wv- ]n-Sn-∏n-®n- p-≈-Xv.- S-b¿- Du-cn-sØ-dn-®p- t]m-bm-epw- sh-Sn- sIm-≠m-epw- ]-tXy-I- Ão¬- dn-Ωn¬- Im¿- Hm-Spw.- ]-kn-U‚n-s‚- Kq-∏v- c-‡w-Im-dn¬- kq-£n-®n- p-≠m-Ipw.-

Im-dn-\v- a-Wn-°q-dn¬- 60ssa¬- th-K-X-bm-Wv- ]-c-am-h-[n.- ]q-P-yØn¬-\n-∂v- A-dp-]-Xn-te-s°-Øm≥- 15 sk-°≥-Uv-a-Xn.- H-cp- Km-e≥- s]-tSm-fn-\v-F-´p- ssa-te- Hm-Sq.- Im-dn-\p-≈n¬- ap-J-tØm-S-p- ap-Jw-t\m-°n- \m-ep-t]¿-°n-cn-°mw.-Sm-°nw-Kv- kn-kv-‰-hpw- kn-Kv-\¬- Pm-a-dp-I-fp-ap-≠v.- Im-dn-s‚-\-o-fw- 18 A-Sn-bpw- D-b-c-w- 5.-10A-Sn-bp-am-Wv.- 3,-00,-000 tUm-f¿-B-Wv- Im-dn-\p- sN-e-hm-bn-´p-≈-Xv.-

C-∂p- tem-I-Øn¬- e- y-am-bn-cn-°p-∂- F-√m- km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-I-fpw- D-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-\n¿-an-®n-cn-°p-∂- Im-dm-Wv- Zn-_o-sÃ-∂p- \n¿-am-Xm-°-fm-b-Im-Un-em-Iv- A-h-Im-i-s∏-´p.-1919 ap-X¬- A-ta-cn-°≥- ]-kn-U-‚p-am-cp-sS- Hu-tZym-Kn-I-Im¿- \n¿-am-Xm-°-fm-Wv- Im-Un-em-Iv.-

]o-an-bw- sk-Um≥- hn-`m-Kw-:-sIm-tdm-f- Hmƒ-´n-kn-\v-ap-t∂-‰w-;- 42%- hn-ln-Xw-

kn- -sk-Um≥- hn- m-K-Øn¬- an-I-®- ap-t∂-‰-hp-am-bn- S-tbm- - sIm-tdm-f- Hmƒ-´n-kv.- sk-]v-‰w-_¿- - Un-kw-_¿- Im-e-L- -Øn¬- 42 i-X-am-\w- hn-]-Wn-hn-ln-Xw-t\-Sm≥- sIm-tdm-f- Hmƒ- n-kn-\v- I-gn-™p-sh-∂v- S-tbm- - In¿-tem-kv-°¿- tam-t´m¿-A-dn-bn-®p.- 2008 sk-]v-‰w-_-dn¬- am-Xw- 2031 bq-Wn-‰p-Iƒ- hn¬-∏-\- \-S-Øn.- sk-]v-‰w-_¿- -Un-kw-_¿- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- ap≥-h¿-j-tØ-°mƒ- 102 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®-t\-Sp-hm-\pw- km-[n-®p.-

S-tbm- -bp-sS- ]-Ømw- X-e-ap-d- Im-dm-b- sIm-tdm-f- Hmƒ- n-kn-s‚- hn-ev-]-\- G-sd- Xr-]v-Xn-I-c-W-am-sW-∂v- S-tbm- - In¿-tem-kv-°¿- tam-t´m¿- U-]yq- n- am-t\-Pnw-Kv- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- k-µo-]v- knw-Kv- Nq-≠n-°m- n.- km-º-Øn-I-am-µyw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- ]o-an-bw- sk-Um≥- hn- m-K-Øn¬- 32 i-X-am-\w- C-Sn-hp-≠m-sb-¶n-epw- sIm-tdm-f- Hmƒ- n-kv- hn¬-∏-\-e-£y-am-b- 35 i-X-am-\w- a-dn-I-S-∂p.- S-tbm- - _m≥-Un-t\m-Sv- D-]-tbm-‡m-°ƒ-°p-≈- hn-izm-k-am-Wv- C-Xp- Im-Wn-°p-∂-sX-∂v- k-µo-]v- knw-Kv- ]-d-™p.-

bm-X-°m-cp-sS- ku-I-cy-hpw- B-Vw-_-c-hpw- e-£y-an- v- ]p-d-Øn-d-°n-b- sIm-tdm-f- Hmƒ- n-kn-\v- 8 -th- ]-h¿- ssU-h¿- ko-d-dv,- F-®v-sF-Un- sl-Uv-emw-]v-kv,- Hm-Un-tbm- I- -tSmƒ,- Fw-sF-Un- kzn-®v- F-∂n-h-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b- Ão-b-dnw-Kv- ho¬-Xp-S-ßn-b- ku-I-cy-ß-fp-≠v.- 1.-8 Pn- Fw-/-Sn,- 1.-8 Pn- (F¬-)- Fw-/-Sn,- 1.-8 hn- (F¬-)-F-/-Sn- F-∂o- aq-∂v- tam-U-ep-I-fn-em-Wv- sIm-tdm-f- Hmƒ- n-kv- e- y-am-Ip-∂-Xv.-

2003˛¬- hn-]-Wn-bn-en-d-ßn-b-Xp- ap-X¬- C-¥y≥- D-]-tbm-‡m-°ƒ-°v- A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b- ku-I-cy-ß-fpw- B-Uw-_-c-hpw,- D-d-∏pw- \-ev-Ip-∂-Xn-\v- sIm-tdm-f- i-≤- h-®n-cp-∂p.- tem-I-sa-ºm-Sp-am-bn- 30 Z-i-e-£w- sIm-tdm-f- Im-dp-I-fm-Wv- S-tbm- -hn-d-d-gn-®-Xv.-

lyq-≠m-bn-°v- hn-ev-]-\-bn¬- 55.-7%- h-f¿-®-C-¥y-bn-se- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- c-≠m-

a-sØ- Im¿- \n¿-am-Xm-°-fpw- G-‰-hpw- h-en-b- Im¿- I-b-‰p-a-Xn-°m-cp-am-b- lyq-≠m-bn- tam-t´m¿- C-¥y- en-an-‰-Uv- (F-®v-Fw-sF-F¬-)- Un-kw-_-dn¬- 55.-7 i-X-am-\w-h-f¿-®- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn.- I-gn-™- h¿-jw-Un-kw-_-dn-s\- A-t]-£n-®v- B- y-¥-c- hn-]-Wn-bn-se- hn-ev-]-\-bn¬- 19.-3 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®-bpw- I-b-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬- 96.-8 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®-bp-am-Wv- lyq-≠m-bn-kz-¥-am-°n-b-Xv.-

Un-kw-_-dn¬- lyq-≠m-bn- 38,-402Im-dp-Iƒ- hn-‰-gn-®p.- B- y-¥-c- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- I-gn-™- Un-kw-_-dn¬- 15,-602 Im-dp-Iƒ- hn-‰-gn-®-t∏mƒ- ap≥- h¿-jw- 13,-078Im-dp-I-fm-Wv- hn-ev-]-\- \-S-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.-I-b-‰p-a-Xn- 11,-586 Im-dp-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- 22,-800 Im-dp-I-fm-bn- h-f¿-∂p.-

hn-]-Wn- am-µy-Øn-em-bn-cp-s∂-¶n-

epw- F-®v-Fw-sF-F¬- hn-ev-]-\-bn¬- an-I-®- h-f¿-®- t\-Sn-sb-∂v- lyq-≠m-bn- tam-t´m¿- C-¥y- en-an-d-d-Uv- am¿-°-‰nw-Kv- B≥-Uv- sk-bn¬-kv- ko-\n-b¿- ssh-kv- ]-kn-U-‚ v- A-c-hn-µv- k-Iv-tk-\- ]-d-™p.-\q-X-\- ]-≤-Xn-I-fpw,- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- \n-e-bp-d-∏n-®- D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fpw- hn-]p-e-am-b-irw-J-e-bp-am-Wv- lyq-≠m-bn-sb- ]-Xn-

k-‘n-L- -Øn-epw- ap-t∂m- v- \-bn-®-sX-∂v- A-t±-lw- Nq-≠n-°m- n.-

Un-kw-_-dn¬- F- -2 hn- m-K-Øn¬-km≥-tSm,- sF- -10,- sK-‰v-kv,- sF- -20 F-∂n-h- 37,-320 F-Æ-hpw,- F-˛-3 hn-`m-K-Øn¬- B-Iv-k-‚ v,- sh¿-W- F-∂n-h- 1078Im-dp-I-fpw,- F- -5 hn- m-K-Øn¬- skm-Wm-

‰- Fw-_-d- c-≠v- Im-dp-I-fpw,- F-kv-bp-hn-hn- m-K-Øn¬- c-≠v- Im-dp-I-fp-am-Wv- hn-‰-gn-®-Xv.-

Un-kw-_-dn¬- A-h-km-\n-®- h¿-j-Øn¬- 2007 -t\-°mƒ- lyq-≠m-bn-°v- 49.-6 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-bn.- C-°m-e-b-f-hn-se- B-sI- hn-ev-]-\-489,-328 Im-dp-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p.- B- y-¥-c- hn-]-Wn-bn¬- 22.-4 i-X-am-\w- h-f¿-®-tbm-sS- 245,-397 Im-dp-Iƒ- hn-‰-gn-®p.- I-gn-™-h¿-jw- C-tX- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- 200,-421 Im-dp-I-fm-Wv- hn-ev-]-\- \-S-Øn-b-Xv.- ]p-dw-hn-]-Wn-I-fn-te-bv-°p-≈- I-b-‰p-a-Xn- 92.-5 i-X-am-\w- Ip-Xn-∏v- tc-J-s∏-Sp-Øn.-2007˛¬- 126,-749 bq-Wn-‰p-Iƒ- hn-‰-gn-®n-cp-∂-Xn¬-\n-∂v- I-b-‰p-a-Xn- 2008˛¬- 243,-931 B-bn- h-f¿-∂p.- C-¥y-bn¬-\n-∂p-f-f- Im-dp-I-fp-sS- I-b-‰p-a-Xn-bn¬- 78 i-X-am-\-hpw- lyq-≠m-bn-bp-sS- Im-dp-I-fm-Wv.-

A-Sn-b-¥-c-k-lm-b-Øn-\m-bn- Hm-Un-bp-sS-tSm-]v- A-kn-Ãv- ]-≤-Xn- Xp-S-ßn-

P¿-Ω≥- B-Uw-_-c- Im¿- \n¿-am-Xm-°-fm-b- Hm-Un-C-¥y-bn-se-ßpw- h-gn-tbm-c-Øv- A-Sn-b-¥-c- k-lm-b-sa-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn- Hm-Un- tSm-]v- A-kn-Ãv- F-∂- t]-cn¬- ]p-Xn-b- ]-≤-Xn- B-cw- n-®p.- 24 a-Wn-°q-dpw- C-¥y-bn-se- 95 i-X-am-\w- ]-[m-\-tdm-Up-I-fn-epw- k-lm-bw- e- y-am-Ipw.- hm-d-‚n- ]-cn-[n-bn-ep-≈-hm-l-\-߃-°v- A-[n-I- Nm¿-Pv- Cu-Sm-°m-sX- A-Sn-b-¥-c- k-lm-b-߃- e- n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv- ]-≤-Xn-bp-sS- ]-tXy-I-X.- 2007 -se- Hm-Un- Im-dp-Iƒ-°v- A-[n-I-am-bn- c-≠p- h¿-j-tØ-bv-°v-Hm-Un- tSm-]v- A-kn-Ãv- k¿-ho-kv- ku-P-\y-am-bn- e- n-°pw.-

h¿-j-Øn¬- 365 Zn-h-k-hpw- B-gv-N-bn¬- G-gp- Zn-h-k-hpw- 24 a-Wn-°q-dpw- c-≠v- tSmƒ-^o- \-º-cp-I-fn-te-bv-°v- Hm-Un- tSm-]v- A-kn-Ãv- tk-h-\-Øn-\m-bn- hn-fn-°mw.- Im-dn-\v- A-[n-I-am-bn- A-‰-Ip-‰-∏-Wn-Iƒ- th-W-sa-∂p-s≠-¶n¬- Im¿- sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-\m-bn- tSm-bnw-Kv- πm-‰v-t^mw- k-ln-X-ap-≈- tSm-bnw-Kv- h-≠n-Iƒ- F-Øn-°pw.-

Hm-Un- hm-l-\-ß-fn¬- X-S-k-an-√m-Ø- bm-X- D-d-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- tk-h-\-ß-fn¬- ]q¿-W-X- D-d-∏m-°p-∂-Xn-\p-am-Wv- Hm-Un- tSm-]v- A-kn-Ãv- \-S-∏n-em-°p-∂-sX-∂v-Hm-Un- C-¥y- am-t\-Pnw-Kv- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- s_-t\m-bn-‰v- Sn-

tb-gv-kv- ]-d-™p.- tSm-]v- A-kn-Ãn-eq-sS- hn-Z-Kv-[-cp-sS- tk-h-\-am-Wv- D-]-tbm-‡m-°ƒ-°p- e- n-°p-I.- C-Xn-\m-bn- am-Xw- ]-tXy-I- C≥- -lu-kv- kw-Lw- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-sa-∂v- A-t±-lw- Nq-≠n-°m- n.-

C-¥y-bn-se-ßp-am-bn- 600 k¿-ho-kv- tI-µ-ß-fm-Wv- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-I.- Hm- - ssk-‰v- dn-∏-b-dn-s\m-∏w-B-h-iy-sa-¶n¬- kv-s]-b¿- Io,- C-‘-\w- F-∂n-h- F-Øn-°pw.- 24 a-Wn-°q-dn¬- Iq-Sp-X¬- bm-X- Xp-S-cm≥- I-gn-bm-sX- h-∂m¬- bm-X-bv-°pw- Xm-a-k-Øn-\p-ap-≈- k-lm-b-

߃- e- y-am-°pw.- hm-l-߃- kp-c-£n-X-am-bn- kq-£n-°p-I-bpw- hm-l-\-hpw- e-tK-Ppw- a-‰pw- B-h-iy-ap-≈n-S-Øv- F-Øn-®p- \-ev-Ip-I-bpw- sN-øpw.- hm-ßp-∂- Zn-h-kw-ap-X¬- c-≠p- h¿-j-tØ-bv-°m-Wv- ku-P-\y- k-lm-bw-e- y-am-Ip-I.-

132009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛14a-m¿-K-Z¿-i-\w-

hm-b-\-]o-Un-∏n-°p-∂- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿-°v- C-Sn-hmƒ-

!- Km¿-ln-I- ]o-U-\-Øn¬- \n-∂p-≈- h-\n-Xm- kw-c-£-W- B-Iv-Sv,- 2005 (dq-fp-I-fpw- a-e-bm-f-hym-Jym-\-hpw.- !- ap- -Øp- kp-[m-I-c≥- (ap≥- Pn-√m- sk-j≥-kv- P-Uv-Pn-).- !- tI-c-f- ]m-Wn-\n- ]-_v-fn-tj-gv-kv,- im-c-Zm-a-µn-cw,- am-th-en-°-c- !- hn-e- 70cq-].- !- ]-kn-≤o-I-c-Ww-:- c-≠mw- F-Un-j≥- 2009P-\p-h-cn.-

h-f-sc- I¿-°-i- kz- m-h-ap-≈- H-cp- \n-b-a-am-Wv- 2005˛¬- ]m¿-e-sa-‚ v- ]m-km-°n-b- Km¿-ln-I-]o-U-\-Øn¬- \n-∂p-≈- h-\n-Xm- kw-c-£-W- \n-

b-a-am-Wv- ]p-kv-X-I-Øn¬.- a-e-bm-f-Øn-epw- Cw-•o-jn-ep-ap-≠v.- 2005 Hm-K-Ãn-em-Wv- ]m¿-e-sa-‚ v- _n-√p- ]m-km-°n-b-Xv.- 2005 sk-]v-‰w-_¿- 13 -\p- cm-jv-S-]-Xn- H-∏n- p- \n-b-a-am-bn.- ]-t£,- \n-b-a-Øn-s‚-A-\-\y-km-[m-c-W-Xzw- Im-c-Ww- C-sXm-cp- k-a-K-\n-b-a-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂p-≈- e-£y-]m-]v-Xn-°m-bn-G-sd- am-k-߃- Im-Øn-cn-t°-≠n- h-∂p.- A-Xn-\m¬- 2006 H-Iv-tSm-_¿- 26 -\m-Wv- \n-b-aw- ]m-_-ey-Øn¬- h-∂-Xv.- N- -ß-fp-sS- A-\-\y-km-[m-c-W-am-b- ku-jv-T-h-hpw- m-h-]p-jv-°-e-X-bpw- sIm-≠v-`m-c-X-kv-Xo-Iƒ- X≥- m-h-ip-≤n-bp-sS- sh-◊-bv-°v-a-t\m-lm-cn-X- h¿-[n-∏n-°p-∂- I-h-N- Io-co-S-ß-fm-Wv- Cu- \n-b-a-Øn-se- Hm-tcm- h-Ip-∏pw- N- -ß-fp-

sS- K-cn-a-bp-sW-∂v- K-Ÿ-Im-c≥.- kv-Xo-I-sf- ]-¶n-´p- ]m¿-Ø- ]m¿-∏n-S-ß-fn¬- ]o-Un-∏n-°p-∂- ]p-cp-j-∑m¿-°v- h-\n-Xm- kw-c-£-W- \n-b-aw- H-cp- C-Sn-hm-fm-Wv.-

hn-hn-[- tI-kp-I-fp-am-bn- _-‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp-≈- ]p-kv-X-Øn-se- Nn-e- hym-Jym-\-߃-:-

! Cu- \n-b-aw- A-\p-k-cn-®v- im-co-cn-I-hpw-ssew-Kn-I-hpw- B-b- Km¿-ln-I- ]o-U-\-߃-°v- ]p-d-ta- h-g-°p- ]-d-b¬,- \n-µn-°¬,- am-\-kn-I- hn-j-aw- D-≠m-°p-∂- hn-[-Øn-ep-≈- s]-cp-am-‰w,- ]-cm-Xn-°m-cn-°p- Xm-Xv-]-cy-ap-≈-h-sc-ssI-Im-cyw- sN-øp-sa-∂p-≈- o-j-Wn,- km-º-Øn-I- Zp¿-hn-\n-tbm-Kw- C-h- Km¿-ln-I- A-Xn-I-a-ß-fp-sS- ]- n-I-bn¬- h-cpw.-

! kv-Xo-[-\w,- A-Xn-s‚- t]-cn¬- ]n-∂o-Sv-`¿-Øm-thm- A-bm-fp-sS- Ip-Spw-_mw-K-ß-tfm-Km¿-ln-I-am-bn- ]o-Un-∏n-°p-∂-Xpw- Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-am-bn-cn-°pw.-

! ¿-Øm-hp-am-bn- ]n-W-ßn-bm-epw- Km¿-ln-I- ]o-U-\-Øn-\v- C-c-bm-b- m-cy- ]-¶m-fn-]m¿-Øn-cp-∂- ho-´n¬- \n-∂v- C-d-ßn-s°m-Sp-t°-≠-Xn-s√-∂v- \n-b-a-Øn¬- hy-h-ÿ- sN-bv-Xn- p-≠v.-

! A-]-cn-Nn-X-cm-b- A-\y-tcm-Sv- m-cy- G-sd- t\-cw- t^m-Wn¬- kw-km-cn-°p-∂-Xpw- Ip-fn-ap-dn-bn¬-H-Øn-cn- t\-cw- I-gn-bp-∂-Xpw- ¿-Øm-hn-t\m-Sp-≈-Iq-c-X-b-√.-

! In-an-\¬- \-S-]-Sn- \n-b-aw- h-Ip-∏v- 125 ]-cn-K-

Wn-°p-tºmƒ- c-≠p- a-X-°m-cm-sW-¶n-epw- G-sd-°m-ew- H-cn-S-Øv- H-∂n-®p- Xm-a-kn-®p- F-∂-Xv- m-cy-F-∂- \n-e-bn-em-bn-cp-∂p- F-∂v- Du-ln-°mw.-

! l¿-Pn-°m-cn-°v- kw-c-£-W- sN-e-hv- \-ev-Im-\p-≈- F-Xn¿-I-£n-bp-sS- _m-[y-X- l¿-Pn-°m-cn-hy- n-N-cn-®p- I-gn-bp-∂p- F-∂p- ]-d-bp-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v-C-√m-Xm-Ip-∂n-√.-

! hn-hm-l-tam-N-\w- t\-Sn-b- m-cy-°v- sN-e-hn-\p- sIm-Sp-°p-∂p-sh-∂-Xp- sIm-≠v- A-h¿- X-t∂m-

C-¥y≥- kw-K-o-X-Øn-s‚- tem-I-kz-cw-F.-B¿.-d-lv-am≥.- ]-cnN-b-s∏-Sp-

Ø-ep-I-tfm- hn-ti-j-W-ßtfm- B-h-iy-an-√m-Ø- C-¥y-≥- kw-K-o-X- N-I-h¿-Øn.-"Hm-kv-Im¿'- A-hm¿-Un-te-°p-≈- N-hn- p-]-Sn- F-∂p- hn-ti-jn-∏n-°m-hp-∂- "tKmƒ-U≥- t•m-_v'- ]p-c-kv-Im-cw- d-lv-am-\n-eq-sS- B-Zy-am-bn- C-¥y≥- a-Æn-se-Øn.-"P-bv- tl-m'- F-∂p- Xp-S-ßp-∂- ln-µn- Km-\-Øn-s‚- kw-Ko-X-Øn-\v- F.-B¿.-d-lv-am≥- k-Ωm-\n-X-\m-b-t∏mƒ- B-Z-cn-°-s∏- -Xv- C-¥y-bm-Wv.- Im-c-Ww- "…w- tUm-Kv- an-ey-s\-b¿'- F-∂- tlm-fn-hp-Uv- Nn-Xw- ]-d-bp-∂-Xv- C-¥y-≥- tN-cn-bn-se- I-Y-bm-Wv.- C-Xn-se- aq-∂p- Km-\-߃- l-µn-bn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv.- A- n-\-bn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv- A-\n¬- I-]q¿- Dƒ-s∏-sS ]-i-kv-X-t_m-fn-hp-Uv- Xm-c-ß-fpw.-

C-¥y-bp-sS- b-i-kv- d-lv-am-\n-eq-sS-tem-I-a-dn-bp-tºmƒ- a-e-bm-fn-Iƒ-°p-ap-≠v- G-sd- A- n-am-\n-°m≥.- a-e-bm-fn-I-fp-sS- ]n-b-s∏- - kw-Ko-X- kw-hn-[m-b-I-\m-bn-cp-∂- B¿.-sI.-ti-J-dn-s‚- a-I\m-W-v- d-lv-am≥.-

d-lv-am-s‚- kn-\n-am- kw-Ko-Xw- tI-´p-Xp-S-ßp-∂-Xv- "tbm-≤'- F-∂- a-e-bm-f-

Nn-X-Ø-n-eq-sS-bm-Wv.- "tbm-≤'-bv-°p-ti-jw- ]p-d-Øn-d-ßn-b- "tdm-P'- (X-a-n-gv,- ln-µn-)- b-m-Wv- d-lv-a-m-s‚- kw-Ko-X-sØ- tem-I-Øv- ]-c-n-Nn-X-am-°n-b-Xv.- "Nn-∂- Nn-∂-B-ssi'-, "Im-X¬- tdm-Pm-sh',- "]p-Xp-sh-ssf- a-ssg'- Xp-S-ßn-b- tdm-P-bn-se-Km-\-߃- B-kzm-Z-I-s‚- lr-Z-b-an-Sn-∏p-Iƒ- sXm- -dn-™v- C-∂pw- \n-e-\n¬-°p-I-bm-Wv.-

1966 P-\p-h-cn- B-dn-\m-Wv- d-lv-am-s‚-P-\-\w.- X-an-gv- Ip-Spw-_-Øn¬- ]n-d-∂- F.-B¿.-d-lv-ams‚- B-ZysØ- t]-cv- F.-F-kv.-Zn-eo-]v-Ip-am¿- F-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- kw-Ko-X-⁄-\m-b- A-—-s\m-∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-]-Xn- -I-sf- I-≠m-Wv- d-lv-am≥- h-f¿-∂-Xv.- Z-£n-Wm-aq¿-Øn,- tZ-h-cm-P≥,- A¿-Pp-\≥,- _m-_p-cm-Pv- Xp-S-ßn-b- A-°-m-e-sØ- ]ap-J-cp-am-bn- C-S-]-g-Im≥- A-h-k-cw- e-`n-®- d-lv-am≥- \m-emw- h-b-kn¬- X-s∂- ]n-bm-t\m-bp-sS- B-Zy-]m-T-߃- h-i-am-°n-bn-cp-∂p.- d-lv-am-\v- H≥-]-Xp- h-b-kp-≈-t∏m-gm-bn-cp-∂p- ]n-Xm-hn-s‚- a-c-Ww.- ]n-∂o-Sv- A-—-s‚- ]n-bm-t\m-hm-S-I-bv-°v- sIm-Sp-Øpw-,- Sq-∏v- \-S-Øn-bp-am-Wv- d-lv-am-\pw- A-Ω-bpw- Po-hn-®-Xv.- ]-Xn-s\m-∂mw- h-b-kn¬- d-lv-a-m≥- C-

f-b-cm-P-bp-sS- Sq-∏n¬- Io-t_m¿-Uv- h-m-b-\°m-c-\m-bn.- ]n-∂o-Sv- Fw.-F-kv.-hn-iz-\m-Y≥,- c-ta-iv- \m-bn-Up,- Ip-∂w-Ip-Sn-ssh-Zy-\m-Y≥-,- F¬.-i-¶¿- Xp-S-ßn-b-h¿-s°m-∏w- Io-t_m¿-Up-am-bn- tem-I-]-cy-S-\w- \-S-Øn.- C-tXm-sSm-∏w- e-≠-\n-se-Sn-\n-‰n- tIm-f-Pv- Hm- v- ayq-kn-°n¬-\n-∂v- sh-kv-t‰ - ¢m-kn-°¬- ayq-kn-°n¬-kv-tIm-f¿-jn-t∏m-sS- _n-cp-Zw- t\-Sn.-

1992 ap-X¬- d-lv-am≥- dn-°m-¿-Unw-Kv,-an-Iv-knw-Kv- kv-‰p-Un-tbm- \-S-Øp-∂p.- "]-©-Xm≥- dn-°m¿-Uv- C≥'- F-∂- t]cm-b- B- kv-‰-p-Un-tbm- h-f¿-∂v- C-∂v- G-jy-bn-se- X-s∂- G-‰-hpw- D-∂-X- \n-ehm-c-Øn-se-Øn-\n¬-°p-I-bm-Wv.- d-lv-am-s‚- B-Zy- kw-Ko-X- kw-hn-[m-\w- ]-c-ky-߃,- Sn.-hn- Nm-\-ep-Iƒ,- tUm-I-yp-sa‚-dn-Iƒ- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-bv-s°m-s°- th-≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂p.- A-Xn¬- ]-c-ky-Nn-X-cw-K-sØ- A-Xn-Im-b-\m-b- cm-Po-hv-ta-t\m-\m-Wv- F.-B¿.-d-lv-am-s\- a-W-n-c-Xv-\-Øn-\v-]-cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xv.- a-Wn-c-X-v-\w- Nn-X-am-b- "tdm-P'-bneq-sS- d-lv-am-\n-se- kw-Ko-X- kw-h-n-[m-b-I-s\- C¥y≥- N-e-®n-X-tem-Iw- A-dn-™p- Xp-S-ßn.- "tdm-P'-bn-se- kw-Ko-X-Øn-eq-sS- an-I-®- kw-Ko-X-Øn-\p-≈- "c-P-X-I-a-ew'- d-lv-am-\v- kz-¥am-bn.- ]n-∂o-Sv- d-lv-a-m\v- Xn-cn-™p-t\m-t°-≠n-h-∂n-√.- "cw-Ko-e'- F-∂- Nn-X-Øn-eq-sS- d-lv-am-≥- t_m-fn-hp-Un¬- A-c-tß-‰w- \-S-Øn.- hy-Xy-kv-X-am-b- am-kv-a-cn-I- kw-Ko-X-hp-am-sb-Øn-b- "cw-Ko-e'-bn-se- Km-\-ß-fpw- kw-Ko-X- t]-an-Iƒ-s\-©n-te-‰n.- Xp-S¿-∂v- " -b¿-'- ap-X¬-"Zu-Uv',- "I- n- \- I- n',- "Zn¬-sk',- "tUm-en- k-Pm-sI- c-Jv-\'-,- "Xm¬',- "^n-k',- "e-Km≥',- "km-Øn-b',- "bp-h',- "aw-K¬]m-sfi',- "Kp-cp',- "tPm-Y- A-Iv-_¿',- "K-Pn-\-n' h-sc-bp-≈- Nn-X-ß-fn¬- d-lv-am-s‚-am-kv-a-cn-I- kw-Ko-Xw- \n-d-™p-\n¬-°p-∂p.-

d-lv-am≥- S-®p-≈- kw-Ko-Xw- t_m-fn-hp-Un-s\m-∏w- X-s∂- X-an-gv- kn-\n-am- tem-I-Øn-\pw- k-z-¥-am-Wv.- "tdm-P-'bv-°p-ti-jw- "t_mw-s_',- "Im-X-e≥',- "sP‚n¬-am≥',- "C-¥y≥',- "Po≥-kv',- "t_m-bv-kv',-"C-µ',- "an≥-km-c-I-\-hv',- "I-≠p-sIm-t≠≥',- "ap-X¬-h≥',- "in-hm-Pn',- "A-sse-]m-bp-sX',- "I-≠p-sIm-t≠≥˛I-≠p-sIm-t≠≥'- Xp-S-ßn-b- \n-ch-[n- X-angv- Nn-X-ß-fn-epw- d-lv-am≥- kw-Ko-X-am-Wp-≈-Xv.-

X-s‚- kz¿-Ko-b- kw-Ko-X-Øn-eq-sS-cm-Py-Øn\-I-Øpw- ]p-d-Øpw- P-\-tIm-Sn-I-fp-sS- B-cm-[-\- am-X-a-√- d-lv-am≥-t\-Sn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xv.- ]n-s∂-tbm- Cu- ]-Xn -bp-sS- t]m-’m-l-\-Øn-\m-bn- cm-

Py-Øn-\-I-Øpw- ]p-d-Øp-\n-∂pw- \n-c-h-[n- A-hm¿-Up-I-fpw- tX-Sn-sb-Øp-∂p-≠v.-tdm-P-bv-°p-ti-jw- ho-≠pw- aq-∂p-X-h-W-tZ-io-b- k-n-\n-am- A-hm¿-Uv- d-lv-am-\v- e-`n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.- 1997˛¬- "an≥-km-c-I-\-hv'-,- 2002˛¬- "e-Km≥'--,- 2003˛¬- "I-∂-Øn¬- ap-Ø-an- m¬'-- F-∂o- Nn-X-ß-fn-

eq-sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p- A-Xv.- t•m-_¬- ayq-kn-°n-\p-≈- kw- m-h-\-I-sf- am-\n-®v kv-‰m¿-t -m¿-Uv- bq-Wn-th-gv-kn-‰n- Hm-W-d-dn- A-hm¿-Uv- \¬-In.- 2008˛¬- d-lv-am-s\- tX-Sn- In- n-kn-kv- t]m-bv-kv- A-hm¿-Uv- F-Øn.- A-h-km-\-am-bn- "…w- tUm-Kv- an-ey-s\-b-dn'-eq-sS- tKmƒ-U≥ t•m-_pw-

Hm-kv-Im¿- t\m-an-t\-j-\pw- C-tXm-sSm-∏w- an-I-®- kw-Ko-X-Øn-\p-≈- ]m-tZ-in-I- K-h -sa‚ v- A-hm¿-Up-Iƒ- \n-c-h-[n-X-h-W- d-lv-am-s\- tX-Sn-sb-Øn-bn- p-≠v.-c-m-Pyw- ]-fl-io- \¬-In- B-Z-cn-®n- p-≠v.-

sa-e-Un-bpw- A-Sn-s]m-fn- Km-\-ß-fpw- X-\n-°v- H-cp-t]m-se- h-g-ßp-sa-∂v- sX-fn-bn-®n- p-≈- d-lv-am≥- 2009˛¬- C-d-ßm-\n-cn-°p-∂- 11 kn-\n-a-Iƒ-°v- kwKo-X-\n¿-h-ln-®p-I-gn-™p.- C-tXm-sSm-∏w- tam-l≥-em-epw- Pm-°n-N-m-\pw- H-∂n-°p-∂- Nn-Xw- "\m-b¿-km-≥-'- s‚ kw-Ko-X-hpw- d-lv-am-\m-Wv- \n¿-h-ln-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.- Cu-Nn-X-Øn¬- a-e-bm-fw,- Pm-∏-\o-kv-,- aw-tKm-fn-b- Xp-S-ßn-b- aq-∂p- m-j-I-fn-em-Wv- Km-\-߃.-

Ne®n-X- te-m-I-Øv- D-b-c-߃- Io-g-S-°p-∂-Xn-s\m-∏w- a-‰p- k-w-Ko-X- ]-≤-Xn-I-fn-epw- d-lv-am≥- X-t‚-Xm-b- ap-Z-]-Xn-∏n-®n- p-≠v.- 1997˛¬- C-¥y-bp-sS- kzm-X-¥y-Zn-\-Øn¬- 50˛mw- hm¿-jn-I-Øn-\v- A-t±-lw- C-d-°n-b- h-tµ-am-X-cw-B¬-_w B- tZ-i- -‡n- Km-\-Øn-\v- ]p-Xn-sbm-cp- am-\w- \¬-In.- Xp-S¿-∂v- "P-\-K-W-a-\'- Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn- sN-bv-X- B¬-_-hpw- h≥-hn-P-b-am-bn-cp-∂p.- t]m-]v- Xm-c-dm-Wn-am-cm-b- _n- v-Wn- ]n-tb-gv-kn-gv-kv,-a-tUm-W- Xp-S-ßn-b-h-cp-sS- B¬-_-ß-tf-°mƒ- hn-‰-gn-°-s∏- - B¬-_-ß-fpw-F.-B¿.-d-lv-am-\v- kz-¥-am-Wv.- d-lv-ams‚-B¬-_-ß-fp-sS- C-cp-]-Xv- tIm-Sn-bn-e-[n-Iw- ]-I¿-∏p-I-fm-Wv- tem-Iw- ap-gp-h-\m-bn- hn-‰-gn-™n- p-≈-Xv.-

kw-Ko-X- kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-s\m-∏w- ]-e- B¬-_-߃-°pw- kn-\n-am- ]m- p-Iƒ-°pw- d-lv-a-m≥- kz-¥w- kz-cw- \¬-In-bn-´p-≠v.- h-tµ-am-X-cw- B¬-_-Øn-se- ]m-´p-Iƒ,- Kp-cp- F-∂- kn-\n-a-bn-se- ]m- p-Iƒ- Xp-S-ßn-b- Nn-e- D-Zm-l-c-W-߃- am-Xw-.- X-s‚- kw-K-o-X-Øn¬- d-lv-am≥- X-s∂- ]m-Sn-b- ]m- p-I-fpw- kq-∏¿- Uyq-∏¿-ln-‰p-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p.-

1989˛¬- aXw- am-dn- ap-…o-am-b-t∏m-gpw- F.-B¿.-d-lv-am≥- X-s‚- kw-Ko-XtØm-Sp-≈- A- n-\n-th-iw- a-d-®p-h-®n-√.- X-_-e-bn¬- hn-kv-a-b-߃- Xo¿-Ø-"A-√m-cm-J'-tbm-Sp-≈- B-cm-[-\- X-s‚-t]-cn¬- ]-Xn- -en-∏n-®v- "A-√m-cm-J- d-lv-am≥'- F-∂- F.-B¿.-d-lv-am-\m-bn.- I-Tn-\-]-b-Xv-\-Øn-epw- B-flm¿-∏-W-Øn-epw- D-d-®p ap-t∂-dp-∂- F.-B¿.-d-lv-am-\n-eq-sS- tKmƒ-U≥- t•m-_n-s\m-∏w- Hm-kv-Im-dpw- C-¥y-bn-se-Øn-bm¬- A-X-v-"ssSw'-- am-K-kn≥- Nm¿-Øn-b- "sa-m-km¿-´v- Hm-^v- a-Zm-kv'- F-∂- \m-aw- A¿-∞-]q¿-W-X-bn-se-Øpw.-

hy-‡n-hn-ti-jw-A-iz-Xn-

_p-°v- sj¬- v-Sn.-Fw.-sI-

sSm-∏w- Xm-a-kn-°-W-sa-∂v- ¿-Øm-hn-\v- ]-d-bm-hp-∂-X-√.-

! Km¿-ln-I- ]o-U-\w- an-°-hm-dpw- kz-Im-cy-X-

bn¬- \-S-°p-∂-Xm-b-Xp- sIm-≠v- km-£n- F-Xn¿-I-£n-bp-tS-tbm- l¿-Pn-°m-cn-bp-tS-tbm- _-‘p-hm-bn-t∏m-bn- F-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v- A-h-cp-sS- sX-fn-hv- X-≈n-°-f-bm-hp-∂-X-√.-

K-Ÿ-Im-c-s‚ -C-˛-sa-bn¬-:- msudhakaran77@yahoo.com

2009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛1414km-t¶-Xn-Iw-

^b¬ FIvÃ≥j≥ t\m°n A‰m-®vsa‚v Xpd°mwC -sa-bn-en¬ FØp∂ A‰m-®p-sa‚p-Iƒ

]e-t∏mgpw Xpd-°m-\m-In-√. AXv GXp t]mKm-an-ep-≈-Xm-sW∂v Adn-bm-ØXp sIm≠m-W-Xv.Adn-™mepw A‰m-®vsa‚ v e`n-°p-∂-bm-fpsSIw]yq- -dn¬ AXn\p ]‰nb t]mKmw ImW-W-sa-∂n-√. ^b¬ ssS∏v GXm-sW∂v ^b¬FIvÃ≥j≥ t\m°n a\-kn-em-°mw.

Xcw A-\p-k-cn®v t]mKmw Uu¨temUvsNbvXv Iw]yq-´-dn¬ C≥Ãmƒ sNbvXm¬amXta ]tbm-P-\-ap-≠m-Iq. \qdp IW-°n\vt]mKm-ap-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. Ah-sb√mw Iw]yq- -dn¬tkhv sNøm-\m-In-√. AXn-\m¬ In´p∂ A‰m-®vsa‚ns‚ t]mKmw amXw Uu¨temUvsNøm≥ kuIcy-ap≈ sh_vssk-‰p-I-fp-≠v.At\Iw t]mKm-ap-Iƒ tiJ-cn-®n-cn-°p∂ AØ-c-samcp sh_vssk-‰mWv http://www.fileinfo.net

hni-Z-amb hnh-c-߃ klnXw Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v b¬ FIvÃ≥j-\p-I-fpsS tU‰m-t_-kmWv ^b¬ C≥t^m tUm´v s\‰n-ep-≈-Xv.AXnse Hmtcm F≥Snbpw b¬ t^m¿am-‰v,^b-ens‚ hnh-c-Ww, ^b¬ Xpd-°m-\p≈t]mKmtam t]mKm-ap-Itfm F∂o hnh-c-ß-ƒkln-X-am-Wv. hn≥tUm-kv, am°n-t¥m-jv,en\Ivkv πm‰vt^m-ap-I-fn-ep≈ b-ep-Iƒ Xpd-°m-\p≈ t]mKm-ap-Iƒ CXn¬ \evIn-bn- p-≠v.F¥mWv b¬ FIvÃ≥j≥ F∂Xv AS-°-ap≈ hnh-c-߃ ssk‰n-ep-≠v.

^b¬ FIvÃ≥j≥ AYhm b¬ s\bnwFIvÃ≥j≥ Hmtcm b-en-t‚bpw Ah-km\wtN¿°p∂ ]Xy-b-am-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v"computer.jpg" Hcp sP]n-CPn CtaPv b¬BsW∂v a\-kn-em-°-Ww. ".jpg" F∂ b¬FIvÃ≥j-\n¬ \n∂mWv AXv a\-kn-em-°p-I..txt Hcp sSIvÌv tUmIyp-saâmWv. .docF∂Xv satIm-tkm v‰v th¿Uv tUmIyp-sa‚ v.

an° ^b¬ FIvÃ-\p-Iƒ°pw aqt∂mAXn¬ Xmsgtbm A£-c-ß-fmWv D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. Ipd-™- A£-c-ß-fp≈hbv°v DZm-l-cWw .h, .ps IpSp-X-ep-≈-hbv°v DZm-l-cWw .tiff,.gadget tUm v Ign-™mWv FIvÃ≥j≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-I.

Adn-b-s∏-SmØ ^btem AYhm C˛-sa-bn¬ A‰m-®vsat‚m e`n-®m¬ AXp Xnc-bm≥sh_vssk-‰n-em-Ipw. A£-c-amem Ia-Ønepw^b¬ FIvÃ≥j-\p-Iƒ \evIn-bn-´p-≠v.s]s´∂p sXc-bm≥ km[m-cW b¬ ssS∏p-Iƒ ""tIma¨ b¬ FIvÃ≥j≥kv'' t]Pn¬\evIn-bn- p-≠v. Nne b¬ FIvÃ-\p-Iƒ a‰pt]mKmw D]-tbm-Kn®v Xpd-°m≥ km[n-°pw.t]mKmw amdp-sa-∂-Xn-\m¬ AXv kq£n®psNtø-≠-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-cW-Øn\ v .txtFIvÃ≥j≥ .doc B°n Xpd-°mw. F∂m¬.txt b¬ .jpg B°n am‰n-bm¬ b¬ Xpd-°n-√. AXn-\m¬ AXmXv t]mKm-ap-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn®v b¬ Xp-d-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw DNn-Xw.

Bbn-c-°-W-°n\v tkm v‰v shb¿ t]mKm-ap-Ifpw AX-\p-k-cn®v ]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n\v^b¬ FIvÃ≥j-\p-I-fp-am-Wp-≈-Xv. Znhkw]Xn Ah IqSp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AsX√mwHm¿Øn-cn-°pI km[y-a-√. Aß-s\-bp-≈-t∏m-gmWv CØcw ssk‰p-Iƒ ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-I.

km[m-cW b¬ ssS∏p-Iƒ Ch-bmWv:Text Files, Data Files, Image Files, Au-

dio Files, Video Files, Web Files, Font Files,Plugin Files, System Files, Settings Files,Executable Files, Compressed Files, En-coded Files, Developer Files, Backup Files,Disk Files, Game Files, Miscellaneous Files.

km[m-cW b¬ FIvÃ≥j-\p-Iƒ Adn-™n-cn-°p-∂Xv \∂m-bn-cn-°pw. b¬ t^m¿am‰vA\p-k-cn®v Xcw Xncn-®-Xv:

Text Files.doc Microsoft Word Document.log Log File.msg Mail Message.rtf Rich Text Format File.txt Plain Text File.wpd WordPerfect Document.wps Microsoft Works Word ProcessorDocument

Data Files.123 Lotus 1-2-3 Spreadsheet.csv Comma Separated Values File.dat Data File.db Database File.dll Dynamic Link Library.mdb Microsoft Access Database.pps PowerPoint Slide Show.ppt PowerPoint Presentation.sql Structured Query Language Data

.wks Microsoft Works Spreadsheet

.xls Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet

.xml XML File

Image Files.mng Multiple Network Graphic.pct Picture File

Raster Image Files.bmp Bitmap Image File.gif Graphical Interchange Format File.jpeg JPEG Image File.jpg JPEG Image File

.png Portable Network Graphic

.psd Photoshop Document

.psp Paint Shop Pro Image File

.tif Tagged Image File

Vector Image Files

.ai Adobe Illustrator File

.drw Drawing File

.dxf Drawing Exchange Format File

.eps Encapsulated PostScript File

.ps PostScript File

.svg Scalable Vector Graphics File

3D Image Files

.3dm Rhino 3D Model

.3dmf QuickDraw 3D Metafile

Page Layout Files

.indd Adobe InDesign File

.pdf Portable Document Format File

.qxd QuarkXpress Document

.qxp QuarkXpress Project File

Audio Files

.aac Advanced Audio Coding File

.aif Audio Interchange File Format

.iff Interchange File Format

.m3u Media Playlist File

.mid MIDI File

.midi MIDI File

.mp3 MP3 Audio File

.mpa MPEG Audio File

.ra Real Audio File

.ram Real Audio Media

.wav WAVE Audio File

.wma Windows Media Audio File

Video Files.3gp 3GPP Multimedia File.asf Advanced Systems Format File.asx Microsoft ASF Redirector File.avi Audio Video Interleave File.mov Apple QuickTime Movie.mp4 MPEG-4 Video File.mpg MPEG Video File.qt Apple QuickTime Movie.rm Real Media File.swf Macromedia Flash Movie.wmv Windows Media Video File

Web Files.asp Active Server Page.css Cascading Style Sheet

.htm Hypertext Markup Language File

.html Hypertext Markup Language File

.js JavaScript File

.jsp Java Server Page

.php Hypertext Preprocessor File

.xhtml Extensible Hypertext Markup Lan-guage File

Font Files

.fnt Font File

.fon Generic Font File

.otf OpenType Font

.ttf TrueType Font

Plugin Files

.8bi Photoshop Plug-in

.plugin Mac OS X Application Plug-in

.xll Excel Add-In File

System Files

.cab Windows Cabinet File

.cpl Windows Control Panel

.cur Windows Cursor

.dmp Windows Memory Dump

.drv Device Driver

.key Security Key

.lnk File Shortcut

.sys Windows System File

Settings Files

.cfg Configuration File

.ini Windows Initialization File

.reg Registration Information

Executable Files.app Mac OS X Application.bat DOS Batch File.cgi Common Gateway Interface Script.com DOS Command File.exe Windows Executable File.pif Program Information File.vb VBScript File.ws Windows Script

Compressed Files.deb Debian Software Package.gz Gnu Zipped File.pkg Mac OS X Installer Package.rar WinRAR Compressed Archive.sea Self-Extracting Archive.sit Stuffit Archive.sitx Stuffit X Archive.zip Zipped File

Encoded Files.bin Macbinary II Encoded File.hqx BinHex 4.0 Encoded File

.mim Multi-Purpose Internet Mail Mes-sage.uue Uuencoded File

Developer Files.c C/C++ Source Code File.cpp C++ Source Code File.java Java Source Code File.pl Perl Script

Backup Files.bak Backup File.gho Norton Ghost Backup File.old Backup File.ori Original File.tmp Temporary File

Disk Files

.dmg Mac OS X Disk Image

.iso Disc Image File

.toast Toast Disc Image

.vcd Virtual CD

Game Files

.gam Saved Game File

.nes Nintendo (NES) ROM File

.rom N64 Game ROM File

.sav Saved Game

Miscellaneous Files.msi Windows Installer Package.torrent BitTorrent File.yps Yahoo! Messenger Data File

sS-Iv- \yq-tc-Wp-

152009 s^-_-p-h-cn- 01˛14D-Xv-]-∂w-

A-º-Xp- ]p-Xn-b- D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fp-am-bn- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kv-kp-h¿-W- Pq-_n-en- B-tLm-jn-

°p-∂- -t£ym-Xv-]-∂- cw-K-sØ- ap≥-\n-c-°m-cm-b- a-™n-em-kv- Kq-∏n-s‚- ]-ap-J- _m≥-Um-b- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kv- Cu-h¿-jw- 50 ]p-Xn-b- D-Xv-]-∂-߃- hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øn-°pw.- a-km-e- s]m-Sn-I-fp-sS- h-en-sbm-cp- ti-Wn-bm-bn-cn-°pw- ]p-Xn-b- D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fp-sS- \n-c-bn¬- I-º-\n- B-Zyw- ]p-d-Øn-d-°p-I.-

Pq-_n-en- B-tLm-j-ß-fp-sS- m-K-am-bn- I-º-\n-bp-sS- 96 D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fp-sS-

bpw- 20 C-\-ß-fn¬-s∏-Sp-∂- A-cn- D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fp-sS-bpw- ]m-bv-°nw-Kn-\v- ]p-Xn-b- cq-]- m-hw- \¬-Ipw.- sam-Ø-Øn-ep-≈-Un-ssk≥- am-‰-Øn-eq-sS- I-S-I-fn¬- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kv- D-Xv-]-∂-߃-°v- Iq-Sp-X¬- i-≤- ssI-h-cn-°m≥- km-[n-°p-sa-∂v- am-t\-Pnw-Kv- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- Nq-≠n-°m-´n.- Iq-Sm-sX- D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fp-sS- ]p-Xp-a- \-in-°m-sX- kq-£n-°p-∂-Xn-\pw- kzm- m-hn-I-Kp-Ww- \n-e-\n¿-Øp-∂-Xn-\pw- ]p-Xn-b- ]m-bv-°nw-Kv- k-lm-bn-°pw.-

Pq-_n-en- B-tLm-j-ß-fp-sS- m-K-am-bn- C-S-]m-Sp-Im¿-°pw- Uo-e¿-am¿-°pw-km-[m-c-W- P-\-߃-°p-am-bn- \n-c-h-[n-k-Ωm-\-]-≤-Xn-I-fpw- B-hn-jv-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.- I-gn-™- A-º-Xp- h¿-j-am-bn- tem-I-Øn-s‚- \m-\m- m-K-Øp- h-kn-°p-∂- a-e-bm-fn-Iƒ-°v- ]-c-º-cm-K-X- -£-Ww- e-`y-am-°p-∂-Xn-\v- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kv- k-lm-bn-®n- p-≠v.- C-°-gn-™- h¿-j-ß-fn-se-√mw- P-\-߃- \¬-In-b- ]n-¥p-W-bv-°p-≈- \-µn-kq-N-I-am-bm-Wv- k-Ωm-\-]-≤-Xn- \-S-∏n-em-°p-∂-sX-∂v- am-t\-Pnw-Kv- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- ]-d-™p.- -£y-kw-kv-I-c-W- πm-‚p-Iƒ- B-[p-\n-I-h-Xv-I-cn-®pw- Iq-Sp-X-em-bn- b-¥-h-Xv-I-cn-®pw- sa-®-s∏- -

-t£ym-Xv-]-∂-߃- D-]-t`m-‡m-°ƒ-°v- F-Øn-®p- sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cn-°pw- ap-t∂m- p- I-º-\n- i-an-°p-I.-

\-√- -£-Ww- F-∂- B-i-b-Øn-eq-sS- B-tcm-Ky-I-c-am-b- -£-W- co-Xn-I-sf-bm-Wv- I-º-\n- t]m-’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- C-Xn-s‚- m-K-am-bn- Hm¿-Km-\n-Iv- Ir-jn-co-Xn-I-sf-bpw- Ir-Xn-a-a-√m-Ø- co-Xn-I-sf-bpw- I-º-\n- ]n-¥p-W-bv-°pw.- \-√--£-Ww- F-∂- B-i-b-Øn¬- sh-≈w-

tN¿-°m-sX- th-K-Øn¬- ]m-Iw- sN-øm-

hp-∂- -t£ym-Xv-]-∂-߃- hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øn-°p-∂-Xn-\m-bn-cn-°pw- i-≤- tI-µo-I-cn-°p-I.-

]m-Iw- sN-øm≥- X-bm-dm-bn- p-≈-Xpw--£n-°m≥- ]m-I-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xp-am-b- U-

_nƒ- tlm-gv-kv- D-Xv-]-∂-߃-°v- ]-›n-ta-jy,- bp.-F-kv.-F,- bq-tdm-∏v,- Hm-kv-tS-en-b- F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-se-√mw- \-√- hn-]-Wn- km-∂n-[y-ap-≠v.- C-¥y-bn-epw- hn-tZ-i-Øp-ap-≈- F-√m- a-e-bm-fn-I-fn-te-°pw-F-Øn-t®-cp-I- F-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv- X-ß-fp-sS- e-£y-sa-∂v- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- hn-t\m-Zv- tPm-

- ]-d-™p.-^m-Ãv- p-Un-\v- ]n-b-ta-dp-tºm-gpw-

B-tcm-Ky-I-c-am-b,- ]-c-º-cm-K-X- -£-W-tØm-Sp- a-e-bm-fn-°v- ]-tXy-I- Xm-Xv-]-cy-ap-≠v.- Cu- cw-K-Øm-Wv- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kv- km-∂n-[y-ap-d-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.- Im-e-Øn-\v- A-\p-tbm-Py-am-b- D-Xv-]-∂-߃- hn-]-Wn-bn-en-d-°m≥- I-º-\n- F-∂pw- ]-tXy-I- i-≤- ]-Xn-∏n-®n- p-≠v.- sl¬-Øv-]p- v- C-Xn-\p-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv.-

kp-h¿-W- Pq-_n-en- h¿-jw- ]-tXy-I- Im-e-b-f-hn¬- Hm-tcm- C-S-]m-Sn-\p-sam-∏w- k-Ωm-\-߃- hm-Kv-Zm-\w- sN-øp-∂-k-hn-ti-j-am-b- H-cp- k-Ωm-\-]-≤-Xn- A-

¥n-a- cq-]-Øn-em-bn-´p-≠v.- Iq-Sm-sX- a-™n-em-kv- Kq-∏n-s‚- ÿm-]-I-\m-b- Fw.-H.- tPm-Wn-s‚- kv-a-c-Wm¿-Yw- h¿-jw-tXm-dpw- kw-ÿm-\- X-e-Øn¬- ]-Xn- -I-sf- I-s≠-Øp-∂- a-’-c-hpw- Cu- h¿-

jw- ap-X¬- kw-L-Sn-∏n-°pw.- tI-c-f-Øn-se- F- p- ap-X¬- ]-Øp- h-sc-bp-≈- ¢m-kp-I-fn¬- ]-Tn-°p-∂- hn-Zym¿-Yn-I-fn¬-\n-∂v- ]m-Ty-an-I-hp-≈-h-sc- I-s≠-Øp-∂-a-’-c-]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn-cn-°pw- C-Xv.- hn-P-bn-Iƒ-°v- B-I¿-j-I-am-b- k-Ωm-\-߃-\¬-Ip-∂-Xn-s\m-∏w- A-h-cp-sS- kv-Iq-fn-\v- Fw.-H.- tPm- - kv-am-c-I- F-h¿-tdm-fnw-Kv- tSm- n-bpw- k-Ωm-\n-°pw.-

I-gn-™- A-º-Xp- h¿-j-am-bn- I-º-\n-bp-am-bn- k-l-I-cn-®p- ]-h¿-Øn-°p-∂- Uo-e¿-am-sc- Kp-Uv- p-Uv- Aw-_m-k-U¿-am-cm-bn- Aw-Ko-I-cn-°m-\pw- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bp-≠v.-

kp-h¿-W- Pq-_n-en- h¿-jw- "-\-√- -£-Ww-'- F-∂- B-i-bw- G-s‰-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠m-Wv- I-º-\n- ]-h¿-Ø-\-߃-B-hn-jv-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX-∂v- a-™n-em-kv- sN-b¿-am-\pw- am-t\-Pnw-Kv- U-b-d-Iv-S-dp-am-b- c-Rv-Pn-Xv- tPm- - hy-‡-am-°n.-

I-º-\n-bp-sS- ]p-Xn-b- D-Xv-]-∂-am-b- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kv- N-°-h-c- n- hn-]-Wn-bn-en-d-°n.- am¿-°-‰nw-Kv- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- k-Po-hv- tPm-Wn-\v- D-Xv-]-∂w- ssI-a-dn-s°m-≠v- s]m-U-Iv-j≥- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- k-t¥m-

jv- tPm- - B-Wv- B-Zy-hn-]-W-\w- \n¿-h-ln-®-Xv.-

1959 ¬- Fw.-H.- tPm- - Xp-S-°-an- -a-™n-em-kv- Kq-∏v- tI-c-f-Øn-se- A-cn-hy-h-km-b- cw-K-Øv- hn-π-h-I-c-am-b- am-‰-ß-fm-Wp-≠m-°n-b-Xv.- hym-]m-cn- hy-h-km-bn- G-tIm-]-\-k-an-Xn-bp-sS- ÿm-]-\- P-\-d¬- sk-I- -dn-bm-b- Fw.-H.- tPm-

- Xr-iq¿- tNw-_¿- Hm- v- sIm-ta-gv-kn-s‚- 1993 -2000 ]-kn-U-‚p-am-bn-cp-∂p.-

sXm- -sX-√mw- s]m-∂m-°n-b- N-cn-X-am-Wv- Fw.-H.- tPm-Wn-t‚-Xv.- cm-P-Ip-Spw-_-Øn-\v- A-cn- hn-X-c-Ww- sN-bv-Xn-cp-∂-bmƒ- F-∂- \n-e-bn¬- \n-∂v- A-cn- hym-]m-c-Øn-s‚- cm-P-]-Z-hn-bn-te-°v- A-t±-l-sØ- F-Øn-®-Xv- Zo¿-L-ho-£-W-tØm-sS-bp-≈- t\-Xr-]m-S-h-am-bn-cp-∂p.-A-cn- an¬- _n-kn-\-kn¬- ]-Xn-‰m-≠p-I-fp-sS- ]m-c-º-cy-am-Wv- a-™n-em-kn-\p-≈-Xv.- ]m-Iw- sN-øm≥- X-bm-dm-°n-b- A-cn-

hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øn-°p-I- F-∂-Xv- B-cw--Im-e-Øv- I-Tn-\-am-b- ]-b-Xv-\w- B-h-

iy-am-b- Im-cy-am-bn-cp-∂p.- tÃm- -se-kv,-tkm¿-s -Iv-kv- Xp-S-ßn- aq-ey-h¿-[n-X-am-b- A-cn- B-Zy-am-bn- hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øn-

®-Xv- a-™n-em-kv- B-bn-cp-∂p.-I¿-°-i-am-b- Kp-W-\n-e-hm-cw- ]p-e¿-

Øn-t∏m-∂- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kn-s‚- ]m-I-s∏-Sp-Øn-b- -t£ym-Xv-]-∂-߃- Xp-S-°w- ap-X-te- G-sd- P-\-]n-b-am-bn.-A-cn-bpw- A-cn- D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fpw- Iq-Sm-sX- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kn-\v- tKm-X-ºv-D-Xv-]-∂-߃,- _-\m-\- ]u-U¿,- dm-Kn-]p- p- s]m-Sn,- kv-ss]-k-kv- t]-Ãp-Iƒ,-I-dn- an-Iv-kp-Iƒ,- A-®m-dp-Iƒ,- hn-\m-Kn-cn,- ]-∏-Sw,- sd-Uv- _o≥-kv,- I-cn-°n≥-sh-≈w,- km-Kq- ko-Uv-kv,- B-tcm-dq-´v-]u-U¿,- Pn≥-Pv-en- Hm-bn¬,- ^q- v- C≥-l-Wn- Xp-S-ßn- \n-c-h-[n- D-Xv-]-∂-ß-fp-≠v.-

\n-e-hn¬- U-_nƒ- tlm-gv-kn-\v- tI-c-f-Øn¬- Xr-iq¿,- ]m-e-°m-Sv- F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-epw- t]m-≠n-t®-cn,- I¿-Wm-S-I- F-∂n-hn-S-ß-fn-epw- kw-kv-I-c-W- tI-µ-ß-fp-≠v.-

F¬-Pn-bp-sS- sI-]n-500 t^m-¨- hn-]-Wn-bn¬.- Ip-°n-F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂- sI-]n-500 Pn-F-kv-Fw- lm≥-Uv-sk-‰v- S-®v- kv-Io-t\m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-bm-Wv.- hm-e-ss‚≥-kv- Zn-\-Øn¬- k-Ωm-\-am-bn- \-ev-Im≥- D-Nn-X-am-Wn-sX-∂v- \n¿-am-Xm-°ƒ.-

3 sa-Km-]n-Iv-k¬- Im-a-d,- Hm- -kv-Io≥- Io-t_m¿-Uv,- Hm-t´m- sdm-t -‰nw-Kv- Un-kv-tπ,- tam-j≥- sk≥-k¿- sK-bnw-kv,- G-gp- a-Wn-°q¿- h-sc- kw-km-cn-°m≥- I-gn-bp-∂-i-‡n-tb-dn-b- _m-‰-dn,- 48 Fw-_n- C-t‚-W¬- sa-Ω-dn,- 1 Pn-_n- ssa-tIm- F-kv-Un- Im¿-Uv- F-∂n-h- k-ln-X-am-Wv- Ip-°n- hn-]-Wn-bn-se-Øp-∂-Xv.-11.-9 an-√n-ao-‰¿- am-Xw- I-\-ap-≈- F¬-Pn- sI-]n-500 -s‚- m-cw-89 Km-am-Wv.- 13,-500 cq-]-bm-Wv- hn-e.-

F¬-Pn-bp-sS- Ip-°n-lm≥-Uv-sk-‰v- ssh-Zyp-tXm-]-I-c-W-\n¿-am-Xm-

°-fm-b- hn- -Km¿-Uv- C≥-Uv-kv-So-kv- kv-]n≥-tlm- v- F-∂-t]-cn¬- ]p-Xn-b- hm-´¿-lo-‰¿- ]p-d-Øn-d-°n.- ssh-Zyp-Xn- sN-e-hv- a-‰v- hm- ¿-lo-‰-dp-I-tf-°mƒ- ]-Ip-Xn-sb- h-cq.- C-e-Iv-Sn-°¬- dn-k¿-®v-B≥-Uv- sU-h-e-∏v-sa-‚ v- A-tkm-kn-tb-j≥- ]-e-]-co-£-W-߃-°pw- ti-jw-ssh-Zyp-Xn- em- w- D-d-∏m-°n-°-gn-™p.-

Cu-bn-\w- hm- ¿- lo-‰-dp-Iƒ-°v- _n.-sF.-F-kv- \n-jv-I¿-jn-°p-∂- Du¿-P-\-jv-Sw- 1.-138 In-tem-hm- m-bn-cn-s°- kv-]n≥-tlm- n¬- h-cp-∂- Du¿-P-\-jv-Sw- 0.-564 In-tem-hm- v- am-X-am-Wv.- D-]-tbm-‡m-°ƒ-°v- an-I-®- D-Xv-]-∂w- \¬-Ip-I- F-∂- e-£y-tØm-sS- \-S-Øp-∂- K-th-j-W-Øn-s‚- -e-am-bn-

\n¿-Ωn-s®-Sp-Ø-Xm-Wv- ]p-Xn-b- D¬-∏-∂-sa-∂v- hn- Km¿-Uv- C≥-U-kv-So-kv- F-Iv-kn-Iyq- n-hv- U-b-d-Iv-S¿- an-Yp≥- Nn-‰n-e-∏-≈n- kq-Nn-∏n-®p.-

an-I-hp-‰- ]-^v- C≥-kp-te-j≥,-sÃ-bv≥-se-kv- Ão-en¬- Xo¿-Ø- Dƒ-Sm-¶v,- F-_n-F-kv- ]v-fm-Ãn-Iv- B-h-c-Ww,- Sn-Kv- sh¬-Un-Mv- Iq-Sm-sX- D-]-

tbm-Kn-°p-∂-bm-fp-sS- kp-c-£n-X-Xzw- D-d-∏m-°p-∂-s]-‚m- s]m- -£≥- kn-Ãw- F-∂n-h- D¬-∏-∂-Øn-s‚- ]-tXy-I-X-I-fm-Wv.-

D-]-tbm-‡m-hn-s‚- C-jv-S-Øn-\-\p-k-cn-®v- hn-hn-[-h¿-W-Øn-epw- tÃm-td-Pv- I-∏m-kn-‰n-bn-epw- e-`y-am-Wv.- cm-Py-sØ- 7100 Uo-e¿-am¿- h-gn- ]p-Xn-b-D-Xv-]-∂w- e- y-am-Ipw.-

ssh-Zyp-Xn- em- n-°p-∂- hn- Km¿-Uv- hm- ¿-lo-‰¿- kv-]n≥-tlm- v-

KERML-12303/11/1/2005-TCM 6/59746/2004. !!!!! Edited, Printed and Published by Michael Varghese on behalf of Crossroad, P.B.No:4238, House 68/2340, Cherupushpam Lane,Near Pottakkuzhy Little Flower Church, Kaloor P.O., Kochi-682017, Kerala, India and Printed by him at Cherrys Printers, LFC Road, Kaloor, Kochi-682 017.!!!!! Managing Editor: Michael Varghese !!!!! Executive Editor: Thomas Mathai Karikkampallil !!!!! Mobile: +91 9847738883 !!!!! Email: editor.crossroad@gmail.com

CROSSROAD2009 February 01-1416

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