cross-cultural management cultural...

I N T R O D U C T I O N

THE PHILIPPINES

Cross-cultural management

Cultural Spotlight

Group : Karaoke Masters

Tristan Quelin 2B3509, Natsuyo Tokuda 2B2041, Nicole Toledo 2B3210

Aulia Akbar Ramadhan 2B3206, Alimov Isroiljon 2B2003, Yuto Takegami 2B3303

February, 26th, 2014

02/26/2014 Cultural Spotlight : The Philippines 2

AGENDA

1. Main Features

2.

Communication

3. Religion / Food

4. Education /

Application

5. Business

Structure

6. Business

Etiquette


WHERE ARE “THE PHILIPPINES”

Nearly neighbors

Taiwan (North)

Malaysia &

Indonesia (South)

Vietnam (West)

China (Northwest)

Features

Around 7107

islands located off

Southeast Asia

No boundaries


GENERAL STATISTICS

Area: 300,000 km2 (64th)

Population: 99,000,000 (12th)

Official Language: Filipino-English

Capital: Manila

Government: Unitary presidential

constitutional republic

Time Difference: 1 Hrs. behind Japan

Drives on the: Left

Currency: Peso


HISTORY (1)

Prehistory of the Philippines (pre-900)

Classical Period (900-1521)

Spanish Period (1521–1898)


HISTORY (2)

American Period (1898–1946)

Japanese (1939-1945)

Independent Philippine

(1946–present)


NATIONAL HEROES OF THE PHILIPPINES

Dr. José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonzo

Realonda (June 19, 1861- December 30, 1896)

novelist, poet, evolutionist and author of Noli Me

Tángere, El Filibusterismo.

Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro

(30 November 1863 – 10 May 1897)

He was the father of the Philippine Revolution.


NATIONAL HEROES OF THE PHILIPPINES

Emilio Famy Aguinaldo

(23 March 1869 – 6 February 1964)

He was the First President of the Philippines

(1899-1901)

Apolinario Mabini y Maranan

(July 22, 1864 — May 13, 1903)

He was a Filipino revolutionist and lawyer who

served as its first prime minister until May 1899.


HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS

89

31

66

35

20

42

Power Distance Individualism Masculinity Uncertainly

Avoidance

Pragmatism Indulgence

Power Distance

a hierarchical society

Individualism VS

Collectivism

a collectivistic society

Masculinity VS Femininity

a masculine society

Uncertainty avoidance

a low preference for avoiding

uncertainty

Pragmatism

more normative than

pragmatic

Indulgence

Philippines is one of restraint


89

31

66

35

20

42 46 47

100

81 82

42

Power Distance Individualism Masculinity Uncertainly

Avoidance

Pragmatism Indulgence

Phlippines

Japan

HOFSTEDE’S CULTURAL DIMENSIONS

P A R T 1 : C U L T U R E

THE PHILIPPINES

Cross-cultural management Cultural Spotlight


COMMUNICATION

What kind of culture ?

Languages

Greeting

Conversation

Gesture

View of time


CULTURE

High context culture

emphasize interpersonal

relationships

preferring group harmony

Words are not so important


LANGUAGEＳ

• Official Language

• Native languages

English / Filipino Since 1901~

16th 17th 18th Spanish

175

Q: How many they have ?


GREETING (1)

• To friend :

• To elder person:

Put up chin, over eyebrow, and smile! it is used for good morning, hi, good bye

Bless : It involves bowing

the head, taking the hand

of the elder, and placing it

on your forehead.


GREETING (2)

• Man and Women don’t

Touch each other at outside

Hug, shake hands

• If you are man, it is better don’t

require shake hands

to women

• If you are women, you can aks

shake hands for man


CONVERSATIONS (1)

• Small talking (chat) is important to good

relationship

• After getting good relationship, you are asked

personal matter like marriage, income, religion, etc

Sometimes ask the price of you have, but there is

no meaning

• Don’t look cross, they don’t like being shamed

• Don’t gaze during conversation because they think

you don’t here.


CONVERSATIONS (2)

• They prefer indirect conversation rather than direct

• DOs : Culture and custom of Philippine,

family, festival, Foods

sport (Basketball)

• DONTs : Politics, Religion,

Criticism of philippine


GESTURES

• Smile is not only happy,

agree

• But also they feel some

stress, unsettled, and

nervous


GESTURES

Pout

To deliver

Their

thinking


VIEW OF TIME

Do you know “ Filipino Time” ?

• People often delay the meeting time

average 1 hour

• Traffic also not punctual

• TV shows also doesn’t start correct time

Q: How long they delay for your meeting time ?


2. RELIGION

Muslims Other Christians

Roman Catholics


RELIGION

Question :

Which percentage of Roman Catholic is there in the Philippines ?

1. 60 %

2. 70 %

3. 80 %

4. 90 %


OVERVIEW

Religion in the Philippines

Roman Catholic 81%

Islam 5%

other Christian 4,5%

Others 9,5%


ROMAN CATHOLICS

81% of Filipinos

Predominant religion

Spanish traditions

Part of the worldwide

Catholic Church with its head being the Pope

Third largest catholic country in the world (after Brazil and Mexico)


SPECIAL CELEBRATIONS

Holy Week

Christmas

All Saint’s Day

World’s longest Christmas season, with Christmas carols heard as early as September

and lasting until Epiphany Official observance : from 16

December to Epiphany

Filipinos traditionally

observe this day by visiting the graves of family dead, often cleaning and repairing them.

Businesses in the Philippines either shut down operations

or have later opening and earlier closing

Many communities observe Spanish-influenced Catholic rituals such as processions with pre-Hispanic


ISLAM

Majority of Sunnites with a Shiite minority

Oldest monotheistic religion in the Philippines : 14th century

Decline during the Spanish conquest

Only the southern Filipo tribes resisted to Spanish rules and conversions to Roman Catholism


OTHER CHRISTIANS

Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ) Third largest religion denomination

Proclams to be the one true church, as the restoration of the original Church founded by Jesus (all others would be apostolates)

Others

Filipino Catholic Church

Jesuit

Apostolic Catholic

Church

Orthodox Church

Protestantism

Dominican


3. PHILIPPINE CUISINE

Characteristics

Breakfast Main Dishes Snacks Desserts

Fiesta Food


CHARACTERISTICS

General : bold combinaison of

sweet, sour and salty flavors

Famous cooking method :

Common dishes : staple food is rice,

most often steamed. Fruits,

vegetables, coconuts. Chicken, pork,

beef, fish

Breads and pastries : pandesal,

ensaymada

"Daing/Dinaing/Padaing" −

marinated with garlic, vinegar,

and black peppers.


BREAKFAST

Regular Breakfast

Pandesal, kesong puti,

champorado, sinangag

and meat

Coffee

Most Popular

Tapsilog

Longsilog


MAIN DISHES

Dinuguan

Kare-Kare

Adobo

Crispy Pata

Stewed oxtail Raw food in a vinegar,

garlic and paprika sauce

Stew of meat in a rich spicy

sauce

Deep fried pig with a soy

vinegar dip


SNACKS

Merienda : light meal or

snack especially in the

afternoon

Pulutan : appetizers in

Philippine cuisine sisig

that goes with liquor


DESSERTS

Game : attribute a dessert

Halo-Halo Saba con yelo

Mais con yelo


FIESTA FOOD

Filipino prepare more sophisticated dishes for celebrations

Cebu Lechon

Christmas ham and Edam cheese keso de bola


4. MUSIC


MUSIC

Influences from all over the world

Traditional music : filipino folk music

Kulintang

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9SVCmWAsnZw



P A R T 2 : B U S I N E S S

THE PHILIPPINES

Cross-cultural management Cultural Spotlight


QUIZZ 1

Q.1 : Before 2010, which school was NOT existed in Philippines?

Q.2 : Which is common interview question?

1. Elementary school

2. Junior high school

3. High school

4. University

1. What is your expected salary?

2. Are you married?

3. Do you have children?

4. What are your reasons for leaving your previous employment?


EDUCATION

Before 2010:

Primary School -> High

School -> College

No middle school or

Junior High School

Kindergarten is optional

2010-Onwards:

Implemented K-12 system

Kindergarten until Year 12


EDUCATION (BEFORE AND AFTER)


EDUCATION

Getting into the top schools

are important to get a

good job

Getting good grades in a

good school is even better

http://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=IVgMe84epvFEzM&tbnid=VJUtbMegkeUuvM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.mentor-diamond.jp/aiesec/?p=8463&ei=tN8FU7egOcSOkAWKoYHACA&bvm=bv.61725948,d.dGI&psig=AFQjCNHerf8C5-pSzbrZoyTZp6JfESYDPQ&ust=1392980244504046


APPLICATION

No need to have a business card if

unemployed

People with professional jobs

(e.g. Doctor, Lawyer) or possible

higher management (e.g. VP

Public relations) or those with

their own company

Exception: Those with a online

portfolio (e.g. Graphic

designers, photographers, etc)

Sometimes you need to bring your

Transcript of Records

You can apply to a company

anytime as long as there are

openings


INTERVIEWS

Common Interview Questions

What is your expected salary?

Are you married?

These are asked for your

plans or your priorities

Do you have children?

These are asked for your

plans or priorities

What are your reasons for

leaving your previous

employment?

Never badmouth your

previous employer


QUIZZ 2

Q.3 : What is Philippines Biggest Industry Sector ?

Q.4 : Which island have the most Moeslim population in Philippines?

1. “Food”

2. “Service”

3. “Tourism”

4. “Agricultural”

1. Luzon

2. Visayas

3. Mindanao

4. Kuching


QUIZZ 2

Q.3 : What is Philippines Biggest Industry Sector?

Q.4 : Which island have the most Moeslim population in Philippines?

1. “Food”

2. “Service”

3. “Tourism”

4. “Agricultural”

1. Luzon

2. Visayas

3. Mindanao

4. Kuching


BUSINESS STRUCTURE

Companies

Most large Filipino companies are controlled by

the members of a small number of key families.

Extremely hierarchical with power residing in the

hands of a few senior managers (family members)

Most decisions are made at the top

Entrepreneurs

Jaime Ayala, First Social Entrepreneur of the Year

Ben Chan, Entrepreneur of the Year (2013)

Tony Tan Caktiong, World Entrepreneur of the

Year 2004


INDUSTRY STRUCTURE

Services

53.4%

Agriculture

31.4%

Industry

15.2%

Agricultural sector

Sugarcane, coconuts,

rice, corn, bananas,

cassavas, pineapples,

mangoes

Industry sector

Electronics assembly,

garments, footwear,

pharmaceuticals,

chemicals, wood

products


PHILIPPINES GDP


COMMERCIAL EXCHANGES

Question 1 : Which country does Philippines export most ?

Question 2 : Which country does Philippines import most ?

1. China

2. US

3. Japan

4. Spain

1. Indonesia

2. US

3. Japan

4. China


COMMERCIAL EXCHANGES

Q.5 : Which country does Philippines export most ?

Q.6 : Which country does Philippines import most ?

1. China

2. US

3. Japan

4. Spain

1. Indonesia

2. US

3. Japan

4. China


COMMERCIAL TRADE

(2012) Exports Imports Scale $46.28 billion $61.49 billion

commodities • semiconductors and

electronic products

• transport equipment

• garments

• copper products

• petroleum products

• coconut oil

• fruits

• electronic products

• mineral fuels

• machinery and transport

equipment

• iron and steel

• textile fabrics

• grains

• chemicals

• plastic

partners 1. Japan 19%

2. US 14.2%

3. China 11.8%

4. Singapore 9.3%

5. Hong Kong 9.2%

1. US 11.5%

2. China 10.8%

3. Japan 10.4%

4. South Korea 7.3%

5. Singapore 7.1%,


ENTREPRENEURS’ OPPORTUNITIES

Food industry

Filipinos shift to a healthier, organic and more

traditional diet food.

prioritize the “VAST” opportunities in the industry,

“value, affordability, safety, and technology.”

Service

industry

Home to home services

Health, wellness and beauty, home

maintenance and hospitality

Tourism

industry

Entrepreneurs should take advantage not only

just the popular tourist spots, but also the country’s medical and wellness tourism, eco-adventure,

educational and cultural activities, and talents.


BUSINESS ETIQUETTE

Q.1 : What does Pakikisama mean?

Q.2 : What is the formal business language?

1. “Getting along with others”

2. “Idle time at the office”

3. “Missed Opportunity”

4. “Giddy feeling of the idea of love”

1. Filipino

2. Bisaya

3. Ilonggo

4. English


BUSINESS ETIQUETTE

Do present and receive

business cards using both

hands. Upon reception,

examine them with interest.

Use honorifics when

addressing business partners and those of higher rank (Miss or

Mister) unless told otherwise.

(Especially on the first meeting)

Dress appropriately

Introductions

http://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=MUIQmRos17XtQM&tbnid=k2Nwj0IT8ZZRaM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.culture-4-travel.com/business-card-etiquette.html&ei=pXTwUr3RNsuDlAX9lIGoCw&psig=AFQjCNE_FVIndMjWVywe8GzDQ6FJq9ptGg&ust=1391576557876774


BUSINESS ETIQUETTE

Always confirm the date a

few days prior

English is the formal

language for business

Appointments


BUSINESS ETIQUETTE

Personal appearance is extremely

important for Filipinos and great care

should be taken to be as well groomed and smart as possible at all times

Men are advised to dress

conservatively with suit and tie (For Formal Business meetings)

Women should, likewise, dress

conservatively and modestly. Trousers are

acceptable in the office. If invited out in the evening, check in advance the dress

code

Attire


BUSINESS ETIQUETTE

Pakikisama means getting

along with others

Words or Action that might hurt another’s feelings and

that also shows disrespect

must be avoided at all cost

It can seriously damage

business relationships

The concept of Pakikisama


BUSINESS ETIQUETTE

Pasalubong – this is a gift from the Filipino traveller who went abroad that the person gives to his friends or family.

In business settings, it’s a custom to bring home pasalubong from business trips to the office when they return.

Foreigners who are meeting Filipinos for the first time may bring a small gift from their home country as a pasalubong.

Pasalubong


BUSINESS ETIQUETTE

Do wear

appropriate clothing

for business, especially

during initial meetings.

Denim jeans or

business casual attire

ar not recommended.

Titles Relationships

Schedules Clothing

Titles are very

important and it is

best to use them

when addressing

people and business

partners.

Filipinos place

a premium on

harmonious

interpersonal

relationships, so it is

best to avoid

confrontational

behavior such as

scolding in public.

Filipinos place less of an emphasis on strict adherence to schedules.


QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Thank you !!!

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