crop circles

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A crop circle is a sizable pattern created by the flattening of a crop such as wheat, barley, rye, maize, or rapeseed. Crop circles are also referred to as crop formations, because they are not always circular in shape. Although thought by many to be a phenomena of the 20th Century, crop circles and formations have been around for a very long time, and records even date back well before the invention of the CROP CIRCLES

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Page 1: Crop Circles

A crop circle is a sizable pattern created by the flattening of a crop such as wheat, barley, rye, maize, or rapeseed. Crop circles are also referred to as crop formations, because they are not always circular in shape. Although thought by many to be a phenomena of the 20th Century, crop circles and formations have been around for a very long time, and records even date back well before the invention of the camera.

CROP CIRCLESCROP CIRCLES

Page 2: Crop Circles

Since 19th century, some eighty eyewitnesses from as far away as British Columbia have reported crop circles forming in under twenty seconds; cases are often accompanied by sightings of incandescent or brightly-coloured balls of light, shafts of light or structured flying craft.

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Serious attention was given to the simple crop circles in 1980 in southern England. The designs appeared primarily as simple circles, circle with rings, and variations on the Celtic cross up into the mid-1980s. Then they developed straight lines and created pictograms, not unlike petroglyphs. After 1990 the designs developed exponentially in complexity, and today it is not unusual to come across designs mimicking computer fractals and elements that relate to fourth dimensional quantum physics. Their sizes have also increased, some occupying areas as large as 200,000 sq feet.

Page 4: Crop Circles

To date there have been over 10,000 reported and documented crop circles throughout the world, with some 90% emerging from southern England. While many still go unreported each year, the emergence of the phenomenon in the world media and the internet has allowed more information to be lodged. .

Page 5: Crop Circles

According to Dr Colin Andrews, who has studied crop circles for 17 years, about 20% are caused by eddie currents in the earth's magnetic field - a mysterious shift in the electro-magnetic field creates a current that flattens the crops in its path.

That could probably explain the numerous reports of electronic equipment failing in crop circles and compasses spinning out of control in and over the crop circles (even when flying over in aircraft).

The Electro-magnetic Field TheoryThe Electro-magnetic Field Theory

Page 6: Crop Circles

Crop circle formation is similar to alleged UFO landing site reports where a circular swirling pattern is formed in grass, the grass remains unharmed, and is in inaccessible locations for vehicles.Channelers and ufologists pretend that crop circles are not symbols intended as a 'message to man.' These deliberately created pictographs are signposts, or reference marks produced by aliens moving in space and time (back and forth/in and out), who are monitoring the course of event trajectories. The pictographs serve primarily as reference markings and for 'event line' orientation and are deliberately embedded in a short-lived, perishable medium so that man's attention would not be attracted to specific locations.

The UFO TheoryThe UFO Theory

Page 7: Crop Circles

The official government explanation is that whirlwinds, created by heat thermals, are the true cause of the crop circle anomaly. But whirlwinds or Mini-tornadoes are not static, they travel around and it is very unlikely that they would create such intricate and symmetrical patterns.

The Whirlwind Theory

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Hawkins observed that the circle patterns embodied geometric theorems that expressed specific relationships among the areas of the various circles, triangles, and other shapes. These patterns displayed "exact numerical relationships" (i.e., diatonic ratios) similar to those found in a scale of musical notes. For example, if a circle within a formation is 90 degrees and another is 80 degrees, the ratio is 9/8 which is the same ratio between the notes C and D, C being the eighth note of the diatonic scale and D being the ninth. These are the same ratios that are found in popular music, or in playing the white notes on the piano.

According to Stephen J. Smith, a paranormal investigator and amateur composer, these ratios are not the result of chance

Natural Music

Page 9: Crop Circles

"because the numbers have to be very precise in order to be a diatonic ratio. This is why music sounds like music instead of noise, because it is built on precise ratios."

To derive music from the crop circles, Smith used a fractal music-generating computer program. He entered photographs of the formations into the computer, which read the photographs and generated music from the photos, using the crop circle scales to play it back.

Curiously, not all crop circles embody diatonic rations in their formations. Hence, some do not have musical qualities. Possibly, Smith says, the real circles have diatonic ratios, and the faked ones do not. Further, diatonic ratios may be only a part of the overall geometry of the formations.

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Crop Circles in the Modern World

Crop Circles in the Modern World

Since the early 1990s the UK arts collective founded by artist John Lundberg, named the Circlemakers, have been creating some crop circles in the UK and around the world both as part of their art practice and for commercial clients.

On the night of July 11–12, 1992, a crop-circle making competition, for a prize of several thousand UK pounds (partly funded by the Arthur Koestler Foundation), was held in Berkshire. The winning entry was produced by three Westland Helicopters engineers, using rope, PVC pipe, a trestle and a ladder. Another competitor used a small garden roller, a plank and some rope.

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Making Crop CirclesMaking Crop Circles

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How to make crop circles ?

Anybody can make a crop circle with simple tools. The only tools you need are rope, boards or metal pipes and a willing crew. Here is a common way of making crop circles.

1. A stake is hammered into the field at the center of the area where the circle will be created.

2. A rope is tied to the stake and stretched to the edge of the circle.

3. A crew member at the end of the rope makes a perimeter by walking in a circle around the stake.

4. Boards or heavy pipes are then dragged over the crop to flatten plants within the space.

5. Outside the new circle, rings can be made by leaving sections of the crop undamaged.

Page 13: Crop Circles

Facts•Crop circles have been created in several different types of crops including wheat, barley, rye, corn, and other crops.

•Crop circles could be seen as early as the 17th century when an English pamphlet called the “Mowing-Devil” produced an image, which depicts the devil with a scythe plowing a circular design in a field of oats.

•In 1996, a crop circle appeared near Stonehenge. The farmer made people pay to see the evidence; he collected about $47,000 in four weeks. The actual value of the crop had it been harvested would have been only about $235. •Every year, the fields of southern England become home to hundreds of formations that appear.

•Some interesting shapes have appeared in crops including the first ten digits of Pi in 2008 and a jellyfish in 2009.

•Mysterious phenomena similar to crop circles, ice circles have been found in frozen lakes.

•Some believe that this similar formation may be caused by the upwelling of warmer water in the lake, and the darker colour of the circles represents thinning ice.

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Presented ByVivek Kumar Sinha