critical vocabulary unit 2. oligarchy government in which power is in the hands of a few people...
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Critical Vocabulary
Unit 2
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OligarchyGovernment in which power is in the hands of a few people (especially
the wealthy and/or powerful).
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Autocracy A government in
which a dictator has unlimited
power.
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Democracy A government in which all citizens
have an equal say in decisions.
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RepublicForm of
government in which people choose their
leaders
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Aristocracy A government
in which power is held
by a hereditary ruling class (nobility).
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DynastyA series of rulers from a single family.
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PolisGreek city-state
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ChristianityBased on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, a
Jew. Characteristics: Salvation through faith in Jesus, Trinity (Father, Son, Holy Spirit), and the
New Testament.
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BuddhismReligion/philosophy created by Siddhartha
Gautama who opposed the Hindu Caste System. Characteristics: Nirvana, all people are equal, Four Noble Truths, Eightfold Path, and
Reincarnation.
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ConfucianismA system of ethics,
founded on the teachings of Confucius,
that influenced the traditional culture of China. Confucianism
places a high value on learning and stresses family relationships.
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Mandate of Heaven political theory of
ancient China in which those in
power were given the right to rule
from a divine source
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PythagorasGreek philosopher and mathematician best known for creating the Pythagorean Theorem.
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Silk RoadsA network of trade routes spanning from China
to the Mediterranean through which many good/ideas were exchanged over land.