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Gautam Jayasurya

Roll no: 339

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y Agriculture:Art and science of raising crops and animals.

y Ecological imbalance: Nature/Duration /Intensity of the agriculturalactivity.

y Genetically Modified Pants and developing nations.

y Environment: Biotic and abiotic factors

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y Green revolution-Accumulated damage of many years.y Blue revolution-Destruction of coastline ecologyy There is plenty attitude.y Its ours attitude-our property

y It doesnt matter attitude-overgrazing-soil degradationy Ignorance and lack of awareness among the population about

natural resources.y No viable alternativey No comprehensive legislation or policyy

Inadequate and weak institutional frameworky Lack of trained personal for environmental managementy Low national/personal income-Low nutrition-climatic

constraints

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1. Land/Soil degradation

Deforestation-overgrazing-continuous cultivation-bush fires-sand minining

2. Drainage, overharvesting and burning of wetlands

y Clearing and draining swamps

3. Pollution of water bodies, land and air

y Overuse of chemicals4. Overfishing

5. Encroachment of protectedAreas

y Illegal settlers

6. Inadequate precipitation/surface water/ground water

7. Safety effects of the use ofgenetically- modified organisms

8. Depletion of fisheries

9. Mining activities with forests stripped bare, soils degraded and waterchannels polluted.

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y Land and water are associated to soil, plants and animals. Mans existencedepends upon their continued productivity. (Food Cycle)

y Goal is to ensure resources are there at same level in perpetuity.

y In 1996, SC decision made an order to close down all commercial aquacultureprojects in the country which were within 500 metres from the coast.

y Liability of farmer in India for their reckless use of land, soil and water inabsolutely zero keeping in view the effectiveness of

1. The InsecticidesAct, 1968 and the Insecticides Rules, 1971.

2. Various state laws such as Land DevelopmentAct, Reclamation of LandAct,Irrigation WorksAct.

3. The SeedsAct, 1966 and the Seed.nules, 1968 Seed certification andcontrol.

4. Fertilizers Movement Control Order, 1973, in May1973 under Clause IV ofthe Essential Commodities Act, 1955-equitable distribution.

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y An up to date environmental strategy from the government.

y Physical planning for farms.

y Save wetlands from the exploitation for rice production.

y Encouraging better research in the field of agro forestry to minimize

environmental damage.

y Key areas for research include: water monitoring, pollution, andmanagement; alternative crops, technologies, and techniques thatminimize water and chemical use in agriculture; and food productionto meet the needs of a growing population.

y Assessment ofgenetically-engineered products in agriculture and theirenvironmental, health and socio-economic effects.

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y Achallenge to mankind for survival.

y Challenges that collectively are likely to threaten thesecurity and stability of India within the next decade.

y Moving towards a more intensified, diversified andsustainable agriculture.

y Need of a legally-binding international biosafetyprotocol.

y Fresh water crisis-recognised byAgenda 21