crime pays ???
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Crime pays ???. 43 x Police Forces of England and Wales 1 x Serious Organised Crime Agency – FIU, CARIN, Interpol, ARO 1 x Crown Prosecution Service. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
43 x Police Forces of England and Wales1 x Serious Organised Crime Agency – FIU,
CARIN, Interpol, ARO1 x Crown Prosecution Service
1 Avon & Somerset 2 Bedfordshire 3 Cambridgeshire 4 Cheshire 5 City of London 6 Cleveland 7 Cumbria 8 Derbyshire 9 Devon and Cornwall 10 Dorset 11 Durham 12 Dyfed-Powys 13 Essex 14 Gloucestershire 15 Greater Manchester 16 Gwent 17 Hampshire 18 Hertfordshire 19 Humberside 20 Kent 21 Lancashire 22 Leicestershire 23 Lincolnshire 24 Merseyside 25 Metropolitan 26 Norfolk 27 Northamptonshire 28 Northumbria 29 North Wales 30 North Yorkshire 31 Nottinghamshire32 South Wales 33 South Yorkshire 34 Staffordshire 35 Suffolk 36 Surrey 37 Sussex 38 Thames Valley 39 Warwickshire 40 West Mercia 41 West Midlands 42 West Yorkshire 43 Wiltshire
UK £m 1970 - 2000
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 20300
50
100
150
200
250
UK £m
Confiscation
UK £m 1970 - 2012
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90
50
100
150
200
250
Confiscation
Proceeds of Crime Act
• Cash seizure• Early Freezing• Regional Asset Recovery Teams• Accredited Financial Investigators• Lifestyle ‘extended confiscation’
Intelligence
Evidence
Asset Recovery
Arrest
Charge
Trial andConfiscation
Freezing
INTELLIGENCE Managing police
resources
Indictment
Financial Intelligence Officer
Financial Evidence Investigator
Asset Recovery (Confiscator)
Financial investigators
Agency Financial Investigators
46 Police forces (except MPS below) 1417
Metropolitan Police Service (MPS) 496SOCA 246HMRC 27073 Local Authorities 105Department for Work and Pensions
(DWP) 24Serious Fraud Office (SFO) 16
Financial Services Authority (FSA) 11
Other government agencies 37Total 2622
Regional Asset Recovery Offices
Regional Asset Recovery Office
• Multi-agency team of Prosecutors, Police, Customs, Revenue, Social Welfare
• Investigates the criminal finances in parallel with forces/ agencies
• Cross-border serious organised crime
UK £m 1970 - 2012
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 20400
50
100
150
200
250
ConfiscationKept by criminals
Recovered by State
UK £m 1970 - 2012
1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 20400
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
ConfiscationKept by criminals
Recovered by the State
Total Proceeds of
Crime
Total Proceeds of Crime
Held by people
arrested by Police
Total proceeds of crime
Held by people arrested by
police
AssetRecovery
Options to tackle organised crime
• Financial intelligence• Financial evidence (e.g. Money
laundering)• Asset recovery
Total proceeds of crime
Held by people arrested by
police
Asset Recovery
Asset recovery
Financial evidence
Intelligence
Uses of Financial investigation
1. Use financial intelligence to identify other people who hold proceeds of crime
2. Use money laundering evidence to produce better evidence
3. Use asset recovery to recover proceeds of crime held by people known to police
Accredited InvestigatorsY
ear
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Investiga-tors
200 200 300 600 900 1800 2000 2200 2400 2622
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Financial Investigators
Investigators
Training History
• Fraud Training• Fraud and Confiscation Training• Confiscation Training• Intelligence then Investigation then
Confiscation Training
Intelligence
Investigation evidence
Asset recovery
Financial Investigator
EnhancedIntelligence
Cash Seizure
Money Laundering
Tutor
Internet Research
Managers’Course
Course Format
• Pre-read• 5 day course• Allocation of Tutor• Creation of Professional Development
Portfolio• Regular Continuous PD
Course style
• Interactive problem solving• Main Courses follow one case
Council of EU Recommendation• “To EU, its Member States, their institutions and
agencies• UK legal measures, which have proved to be
highly effective, such as civil recovery, cash forfeiture and POCA investigatory powers need to be thoroughly explained and discussed at EU level.
• The role and powers of financial investigators as well as their training system need to be presented at EU level and taken into account when common EU standards or training projects are being developed.
Criminal STR Confiscation
• Banks, etc
STRs
• FIU
STRs +• Police,
etcConfiscatio
n
Who
How & Why
What & When
STR:
FriendRelative
Associate
Reason for suspicionTransaction
STR: WHO
What & When
How and Why
FriendRelative
Associate
PredicateCriminal
AddressFamily name
Telephone
Police event
VehicleCompanyFinance
Friend,Relative orAssociate
PredicateCriminal
Address,Family name
Police event
Telephone,Vehicle,
Company,Finance
STR database Police Intelligence database
Other databases
Citizen database
STR database
Police intelligence database
• Banks, etc
STR database
• FIU
STR database • Police,
etcSTR
database
• Banks, etc
Elmer database
• FIU
Panther database • Police,
etcCrimint
database
UK: how not to do it
FIU
• STR
POLICE
• Intelligence
PROSECUTOR
• Evidence
Court
• Asset recovery
Joint Asset Recovery Database
TrackingStatisticsMatching repeat suspectsMulti-agency Cooperation
