CRICKET

PRESENTED BYADAMYA SHYAM

CRICKETCricket is a Bat and Ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bows and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the runs scored by the batting team. A run is scored by the striking batsman hitting the ball with his bat, running to the opposite end of the pitch and touching the crease there without being dismissed. The teams switch between batting and fielding at the end of an innings. Cricket was first played in southern England in the 16th century. By the end of the 18th century, it had developed into the national sport of England. The expansion of the British Empire led to cricket being played overseas and by the mid-19th century the first international matches were being held. The ICC, the game's governing body, has ten full members. The game is played particularly in Australasia, the Indian subcontinent, the West Indies, Southern Africa and England. The objective of each team is to score more runs than the other team. In Test cricket, it is necessary to score the most runs and dismiss the opposition twice in order to win the match, which would otherwise be drawn.

The history of cricket to 1725 traces the Sport’s development from its perceived origins to the stage where it had become a major sport in England and had been introduced to other countries. The earliest definite reference to cricket occurs in 1598 and makes clear that the sport was being played c.1550, but its true origin is a mystery. The sparse information available about cricket's early years suggests that it was originally a children's game. Then, at the beginning of the 17th century, it was taken up by working men. During the reign of Charles I, the gentry took an increased interest as patrons and occasionally as players. By the time of the Hanoverian succession, investment in cricket had created the professional player, thus establishing the sport as a popular social activity in London and the south of England. Meanwhile, English colonists had introduced cricket to North America and the West Indies; and the sailors and traders of the East India Company had taken it to the Indian subcontinent.

HISTORY OF CRICKET

PITCH AND CREASES

The pitch is 22 yards (20 m) or one chain in length between the wickets and is 10 feet (3.0 m) wide. It is a flat surface and has very short grass that tends to be worn away as the game progresses. The "condition" of the pitch has a significant bearing on the match and team tactics are always determined with the state of the pitch, both current and anticipated, as a deciding factor.

A bowling crease is 8 feet 8 inches (2.64 m) long with the middle stump placed dead centre. The popping crease has the same length, is parallel to the bowling crease and is 4 feet (1.2 m) in front of the wicket. The return creases are perpendicular to the other two; they are adjoined to the ends of the popping crease and are drawn through the ends of the bowling crease to a length of at least 8 feet (2.4 m).

WICKETS Each wicket consists of

three wooden stumps placed in a straight line and surmounted by two wooden crosspieces called bails; the total height of the wicket including bails is 28.5 inches (720 mm) and the combined width of the three stumps is 9 inches (230 mm).

CRICKET BALL Hard, cork and string ball, covered with leather.

A bit like a baseball (in size and hardness), but the leather covering is thicker and joined in two hemispheres, not in a tennis ball pattern. The seam is thus like an equator, and the stitching is raised slightly. The circumference is between 224 and 229 millimeters (8.81 to 9.00 inches), and the ball weighs between 156 and 163 grams (5.5 to 5.75 ounces). Traditionally the ball is dyed red, with the stitching left white. Nowadays white balls are also used, for visibility in games played at night under artificial lighting.

 

CRICKET BAT

Blade made of willow, flat on one side, humped on the other for strength, attached to a sturdy cane handle. The blade has a maximum width of 108 millimeters (4.25 inches) and the whole bat has a maximum length of 965 millimeters (38 inches).

PADS, BAT, BALL, HELMET AND GLOVES

TEAM STRUCTURE

A team consists of eleven players. Depending on his or her primary skills, a player may be classified as a specialist batsman or bowler. A well-balanced team usually has five or six specialist batsmen and four or five specialist bowlers. Teams nearly always include a specialist wicket-keeper because of the importance of this fielding position. Each team is headed by a captain who is responsible for making tactical decisions such as determining the batting order, the placement of fielders and the rotation of bowlers.

A player who excels in both batting and bowling is known as an all-rounder. One who excels as a batsman and wicket-keeper is known as a "wicket-keeper/batsman", sometimes regarded as a type of all-rounder. True all-rounders are rare as most players focus on either batting or bowling skills. 

EXTRASByeNo ballWideLeg bye

DISMISSALS (OUTS)

Bold or Clean Bold Caught Leg before wicket {lbw} Run out Stumped Hit wicket

STATISTICS

Innings Not outs Runs Batting and Bowling Average Centuries (100) Balls Faced Strike Rate Balls Maiden Overs & Overs Runs Wickets Extras

TYPES OF MATCHES

Test cricket is the highest standard of first-class cricket. A Test match is an international fixture between teams representing those countries that are Full Members of the ICC. It is played for 5 days and both teams play 2-2 innings.

ODI {One Day International} is played for 50-50 overs having 6balls / over.

ABOUT SOME

CRICKETERS

SIR DON BRADMAN

BRIAN LARA

RAHUL DRAVID

Competition Test ODI FC LA

Matches 164 344 298 449

Runs scored 13,288 10,889 23,794 15,271

Batting average 52.31 39.16 55.33 42.30

100s/50s 36/63 12/83 68/117 21/112

Top score 270 153 270 153

Balls bowled 120 186 617 477

Wickets 1 4 5 4

Bowling average 39.00 42.50 54.60 105.25

5 wickets in innings 0 0 0 0

10 wickets in match 0 0 0 0

Best bowling 1/18 2/43 2/16 2/43

Catches/Stumping 210/0 196/14 353/1 233/17

SACHIN TENDULKAR

Competition Test ODI FC LA

Matches 188 462 292 550

Runs scored 15,470 18,374 24,389 21,947

Batting average 55.44 44.81 58.62 45.53

100s/50s 51/65 49/96 78/111 60/113

Top score 248* 200* 248* 200*

Balls bowled 4,174 8,032 7,539 10,220

Wickets 45 154 70 201

Bowling average 54.33 44.32 61.95 42.11

5 wickets in innings 0 2 0 2

10 wickets in match 0 n/a 0 n/a

Best bowling 3/10 5/32 3/10 5/32

Catches/Stumping 113/– 140/– 181/– 175/–

GARFIELD SOBERS

THANKS