creating a safer system through state pedestrian and bicycle safety campaigns
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Title: Creating a Safer System Through State Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Campaigns Track: Prosper Format: 90 minute panel Abstract: Hear about approaches used by North Carolina and Florida to develop, launch, and evaluate combined education and enforcement campaigns aimed at reducing pedestrian and bicyclists injuries and deaths. Presenters: Presenter: Laura Sandt Pedestrian and Bicycle Information Center Co-Presenter: Lauren Blackburn North Carolina DOT Co-Presenter: Lucas Cruse University of South Florida, Center for Urban Transportation Research Co-Presenter: Billy Hattaway Florida DOTTRANSCRIPT
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Watch for Me NC: Pedestrian and Bicycle Safety Program
Development and Pilot Evaluation
Laura Sandt, UNC-HSRC
September 10, 2014
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Program Goals
• Raise awareness of pedestrian and bicyclist safety issues
• Education on relevant laws – Law enforcement – General public
• Support safer behaviors
• Prevent injuries and fatalities
Short
Term
Longer
Term
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Watch for Me Triangle Pilot Program
2011: Program development 2012: Year 1 program launch
• Pedestrian safety focus • 8 partner communities • Data collection to evaluate efforts
2013: Year 2 program launch • Ped + bike safety messages • Changes to campaign look • Expanded data collection • 18 partners
2014: Statewide roll out
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Pilot Program Partners
• UNC-HSRC
• NCDOT
• Governor’s Highway Safety Program (GHSP)
• Capital Area MPO
• Durham Chapel Hill Carrboro MPO
• 8 Universities
• 10 Municipalities
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Program ABC’s
• Adhere to best practices/evidence
– Multi-faceted, multi-level approach
– Messages target specific, key behaviors
• Balanced/Comprehensive
• Community-led
• Data-driven and evaluated
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Crash Prevention Model
Individual Changes
Organizational/ Institutional Changes
Environmental Changes
Societal and Socioeconomic Changes
Increasing
Population
Impact
Increasing
Individual
Effort
Needed
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Program Elements
• Multi-level Education:
– Individual outreach (ads, materials)
– Organizations (training/outreach)
– Social change (networks and media)
• (Re)Enforcement
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Enforcement Training/Capacity Building
• Training – 2012: 45 officers/11 agencies
– 2013: 55 officers/20 agencies
• Laws brochure
• Signage
• Media support
• DA support
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Training Results
• Test scores rose from 77 to 90% correct
• Many changes in attitude:
Construct Attitude/Belief Statement (1=Disagree; 6=Agree) Before
Avg.
After
Avg.
%
Diff.
P-
value
Knowledge I am familiar with the laws protecting pedestrian safety in NC 4.15 5.26 27% 0.0000
Attitude Pedestrian safety does NOT need routine enforcement 2.00 1.65 -18% 0.0083
Resources/
capacity
My colleagues/I have adequate resources to use towards making
our community safer for pedestrians 4.33 4.67 8% 0.0163
Self/ Unit
Efficacy My department/unit could perform a ped crossing operation 5.13 5.67 10% 0.0002
Response
Efficacy I can help prevent crashes by enforcing ped/motorist laws 5.11 5.53 8% 0.0018
Plans I have been thinking that my unit should work on planning a
crosswalk enforcement operation within the next 6 months 4.25 4.85 14% 0.0007
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Program Results
• Year 1: 37+ ops; 460/170 warnings/citations
• Year 2: 55+ ops; 318/162 warnings/citations
• No citations dismissed
• Several agencies reported being repeatedly thanked
• Program received national recognition
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Field Data Collection
• 16 marked midblock or uncontrolled intersection crosswalks in 5 cities
• 8 “standard” enforcement/8 “enhanced” sites
• 9 sites with data from 2012/13 and 2013/14
Site Type Pre Enforcement Post Enforcement Total
Crossings Natural Staged Natural Staged
Standard 515 1418 870 2667 5470
Enhanced 734 1548 1278 2787 6347
Total 1249 2966 2148 5454 11,817
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Program Results
• Short term (8/13-2/14): Slight increase in driver yielding (between 4 and 7%) at sites receiving enhanced enforcement
• Longer term (8/12-2/14): Yielding increased about 15-16%
• Sites with most active enforcement have highest compliance with yielding laws
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Pilot Program Lessons
• The norms ARE shifting, slowly
• Largest shifts in places with:
– Most long-term, routine enforcement coupled with highest saturation of educational messages and grass-roots champion
– Stable “champion” with strong, intra-agency and intra-departmental partnerships
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Keys to Success
• Quality data – Make the case – Inform program development – Evaluate effects
• Partner coordination – Idea generation – Program delivery
• Funding and support – NCDOT, MPOs, GHSP, NHTSA,
and others
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Thank You!
Laura Sandt Senior Research Associate UNC HSRC 919-962-2358 [email protected] www.WatchForMeNC.org/pilot