CRAFTS AND INDUSTRIES

Before the British rule, India was self-sufficient in textile and Cotton products but during the British rule, India fell down to the position of importing cloth from England.

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

THE DRAIN THEORY OF DADABHAI NAOROJI

DADABHAI NAOROJI WAS THE FIRST TO ACKNOWLEDGE THAT THE POVERTY OF THE INDIAN PEOPLE WAS DUE TO BRITISH EXPLOITATION OF INDIA’S RESOURCES AND THE DRAIN OF INDIA’S WEALTH TO BRITAINTHE DRAIN THEORY

THE DRAIN THEORY WAS AN INDICATION OF THE NATIONALIST LEADERS’ COMPREHENSIVE UNDERSTANDING OF THE COLONIAL SITUATION.

DEINDUSTRIALISATION OFINDIA

THE PROCESS OF DISRUPTION OF TRADITIONAL INDIAN CRFATS AND DECLINE IN NATIONAL INCOME HAS BEEN REFERRED TO AS DEINDUSTRIALISATION OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY

INDIAN CRAFTS BEFORE THE INTRODUCTION OF MODERN METHODS WERE PRODUCED IN TWO WAYS..

1. THE VILLAGE ARTISANS SUCH AS WEAVERS OF COARS CLOTH, CARPENTERS AND SMITHS PRODUCED ARTICLES FOR DOMESTIC PURPOSES.2. THE SPECIALISED CRAFTSMEN IN TOWNS PRODUCED UTILITY AND LUXURY GOODS BOTH FOR THE DOMESTICAND INTERNATIONAL MARKETS

TRADE WITH EUROPETRADE WITH EUROPEAN NATIONS IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY WAS HEAVILY BALANCED INFAVOUR OF INDIA AS SHE EXPORTED LARGE QUANTITIESOF FINE COTTON AND SILK FABRICS, SPICES , INDIGO , ETC.IN EXCHANGE INDIA RECEIVED GOLD AND SILVER.

INDIA’S TRANSITION TO EXPORTER OFRAW MATERIAL

DURING THE PERIOD 1757 TO 1813, THE EAST INDIA COMPANY’S OBJECTIVE WAS TO BUY MAXIMUM QUANTITY OF INDIAN MANUFACTURED GOODS AT THE CHEAPEST POSSIBLE PRICE SO THAT THE SUBSTANTIAL PROFIT COULD BE MADE BY SELLING THESE GOODS IN BRITAIN AND OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES. THE RECKLESS ATTEMPTS TO INCREASE THEIR PURCHASES WHILE FORCING DOWN THE PRICE ADVERSELY AFFECTED THE TRADITIONAL INDIA EXPORT INDUSTRY, ESPECIALLY THE COTTON TEXTILE INDUSTRY

MODERN INDUSTRIES IN INDIATHE SECOND HALF OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY SAW THEEMERGENCE OF A FEW MODERN INDUSTRIES IN INDIA.THESE WERE MOSTLY OWNED AND CONTROLED BY BRITISH COMPANIES. A FEW WERE OWNED BY INDIANS BUT THEY FAILED TO DEVELOPE WITHOUT SUPPORT FROM THE GOVT.INDUSTRIALISATION ON A LARGE SCALE, HOWEVER OCCURREDONLY AFTER INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE.DURING THE LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY THE INDUSTRIES THAT CAME UP INCLUDED EITHER PLANTATION OR MACHINE INDUSTRY.

IMPACT OF COLONIAL POLICIES1. DESPITE THE PROGRESS MADE BY THE INDIAN INDUSTRIES, THE PACEAT WHICH THEY GREW TILL INDEPENDENCE WAS EXTREMELY SLOW.

2. THE INDUSTRIES WERE FEW IN NUMBER AND COULD BEFOUND ONLY IN SOME AREAS.

3. THE BRITISH FOLLOWED ECONOMIC POLICIES THAT DIDNOT SERVE THE INDIAN INTERESTS AND MADE DELIBERATE ATTEMPTSTO KEEP INDIAN INDUSTRIES IN A SUBORDINATE POSITION.

4. THERE WAS CONTINUOUS OPPOSITION TO INDIA’S DRAIN OF WEALTH AND THE FAILURE OF THE BRITISH GOVT. IN DEVELOPING INDIAN RESOURCES AND PROTECTING ITS INDEGENEOUS INDUSTRIES

5. IT WAS AFTER INDIA’S INDEPENDENCE THAT CONCENTRATED EFFORTSWERE MADE TO PLAN AND DEVELOP HER INDUSTRIES

PREPARED BY : MEHEK CHOWDHURY…

GROUP MEMBERS: TAPASHREE BANASHREE RICHA RAJOSHI MEHEK SAHIN