cq perspectives mar 2007

4
O FFICIAL PUBLICATION OF CROP QUEST AGRONOMIC SERV ICES, INC. Cro p Que st Per spe cti ves 1 Volume 17 Issue 2 • March 2007 Timing, Herbicide Interaction Critical Rob Benyshek The combination of high grain prices and a majority of growers going to no-till or strip- till systems will increase the value of a good burn-down program for corn, soybeans and other grain crops in 2007. In western Kansas, Crop Quest agronomist Rob Benyshek says staying ahead of Rus- sian thistle is an absolute must. Not only will these weeds rob a crop of its yield potential, but mature thistle can make combining a nightmare. With a good burn-down treat- ment cost- ing less than $10 per acre, it doesn’t make any sense to lose 20 to 40 bushels per acre when you try to run a combine over four-foot tall thistle, the Crop Quest agronomist says. “We have had plenty of moisture this winter , and if that continues up until March, growers can count on plenty of Russian thistle. The timing of burn-down herbicides is especially important, because the pre-plant or at-plant herbicides we use will only give us a ve- to six-week window of opportu - nity for getting the crop up to shade out weeds. Starting out clean gives herbicides a much better chance of working properly. “With all the rain this winter, we also are expecting to have lots of problems with wild mustards,” Benyshek says. “We will begin scouting elds in early March and recommend to our growers that they make a special point to cleanup any elds with mus - tard problems before April,” he adds. He notes that corn in particular has a dif- cult time cracking the soil through heavy stands of mustards. At best a grower will have an uneven stand, and in some cases no stand if proper burn-down herbicides aren’t used to keep the soil clean at planting time. The addition of cotton to the cropping mix in western Kansas has accentuated the need for keeping accurate records of eld/crop/ herbicide interactions. Some of the herbicides used in corn have a long residual life in the soil. If cotton is planted behind corn, regardless of whether a burn-down material is used, a grower can lose stand, and with such a short growing season there is no second chance at planting. Crop Quest agronomists have access to com- puter records to track crop/herbicide planting and interactions over a long period of time. In addition to avoiding carryover problems from one crop to another, these records help growers avoid resistance problems. In western Kansas, Benyshek says glyphosate is by far the most frequently used herbicide for burn-down. Though resistance has not been a problem in his area, the Crop Quest agronomist says the rapid development of resistance by Palmer amaranth pigweed in cotton in the Southeast is reason to be concerned. The primary crops he manages are corn, wheat, grain sorghum, sunowers and, recently, cotton. The main weeds are Russian thistle, kochia and pigweed. Though he encourages his growers to tank-mix dicamba or other herbicides with glyphosate, he worries that in some cases, especially wheat burn-down in the summer , nearly 100% glyphosate is used. In eastern Kansas, Crop Quest agronomist Scott Beguelin takes a different approach to burn-down. “We like to use a good burn-down herbicide to cleanup our elds after harvest, usu - ally in the Thanksgiving to Christmas timeframe when growers tend to have more time,” he says. The “new” thrust for fall-applied soybean her- bicides originates in the idea that if a herbicide is applied to no-till ground in the fall, this may help to reduce or eliminate the growth of winter or early-summer annual weed species. Winter annual weed species such as purple deadnettle, henbit, chickweed, horseweed (marestail to most folks) and a number of mus- tard species can add both color and headaches to To Good Burn-Down Program Continued on Page 2

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8/4/2019 CQ Perspectives Mar 2007

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cq-perspectives-mar-2007 1/4

OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF CROP QUEST AGRONOMIC SERVICES, INC.

C r o p Q u e s t P e r s p e c t i v e s 1

Volume 17 • Issue 2 • March 2007

Timing, Herbicide Interaction Critical

Rob Be

The combination of high grain prices and a

majority of growers going to no-till or strip-

till systems will increase the value of a good

burn-down program for corn, soybeans and

other grain crops in 2007.

In western Kansas, Crop Quest agronomist

Rob Benyshek says staying ahead of Rus-

sian thistle is an absolute must. Not only willthese weeds rob a crop

of its yield potential, but

mature thistle can make

combining a nightmare.

With a good burn-down treat-

ment cost- ing less than $10 per acre,

it doesn’t make any sense to lose 20

to 40 bushels per acre when you try to

run a combine over four-foot tall thistle,

the Crop Quest agronomist says.

“We have had plenty of moisture this

winter, and if that continues up until March,

growers can count on plenty of Russianthistle. The timing of burn-down herbicides is

especially important, because the pre-plant or

at-plant herbicides we use will only give us a

ve- to six-week window of opportu-

nity for getting the crop up to shade

out weeds. Starting out clean gives

herbicides a much better chance of 

working properly.

“With all the rain this winter, we also

are expecting to have lots of problems

with wild mustards,” Benyshek says. “We

will begin scouting elds in early March and

recommend to our growers that they make aspecial point to cleanup any elds with mus-

tard problems before April,” he adds.

He notes that corn in particular has a dif-

cult time cracking the soil through heavy

stands of mustards. At best a grower will have

an uneven stand, and in some cases no stand

if proper burn-down herbicides aren’t used to

keep the soil clean at planting time.

The addition of cotton to the cropping mix

in western Kansas has accentuated the need

for keeping accurate records of eld/crop/

herbicide interactions. Some of the herbicid

used in corn have a long residual life in the

If cotton is planted behind corn, regardless

whether a burn-down material is used, a gro

can lose stand, and with such a short growin

season there is no second chance at planting

Crop Quest agronomists have access to c

puter records to track crop/herbicide plantininteractions over a long period of time.

In addition to avoiding carryover

problems from one crop to another,

these records help growers avoid

resistance problems.

In western Kansas, Benyshek says

glyphosate is by far the most

frequently used herbicide for

burn-down. Though resistance

has not been a problem in his

area, the Crop Quest agronomist says the ra

development of resistance by Palmer amara

pigweed in cotton in the Southeast is reasonbe concerned.

The primary crops he manages are corn,

wheat, grain sorghum, sunowers and, rece

cotton. The main weeds are Russian thistle,

kochia and pigweed. Though he encourages

growers to tank-mix dicamba or other herbi

with glyphosate, he worries that in some ca

especially wheat burn-down in the summer

nearly 100% glyphosate is used.

In eastern Kansas, Crop Quest agronomis

Scott Beguelin takes a different approach to

burn-down. “We like to use a good burn-do

herbicide to cleanup our elds after harvestally in the Thanksgiving to Christmas timef

when growers tend to have more time,” he

The “new” thrust for fall-applied soybean

bicides originates in the idea that if a herbic

applied to no-till ground in the fall, this ma

to reduce or eliminate the growth of winter

early-summer annual weed species.

Winter annual weed species such as purp

deadnettle, henbit, chickweed, horseweed

(marestail to most folks) and a number of m

tard species can add both color and headach

To Good Burn-Down Program

Continued on Page 2

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no-till soybean elds during the spring. The prevalence of these win-

ter annual weed species has increased over the past couple of years

and is probably due to extremely mild winters and the increased

use of certain post-emergence herbicides that lack signicant soil

residual activity.

Dense populations of winter annuals can physically interfere with

soybean planting and, in some cases, even reduce soil drying to a

point which delays soybean planting. So the idea behind fall applica-

tions is this: If a herbicide with soil residual activity can be applied

in the fall before most of these species germinate, it may help reducethe amount of vegetation that needs to be dealt with in the spring

prior to soybean planting; maybe even eliminating the need for a

burn-down herbicide application.

Beguelin manages a lot of soybean acreage, and he says the fall

cleanup can always be supplemented by a spring burn-down applica-

tion, if it is needed prior to planting beans. Either way, he says, a

clean seedbed is essential to getting a good stand of soybeans. With

soybean prices remaining high, getting off to a good start to achieve

maximum yields is especially important for the 2007 crop.

If corn is going into the eld, atrazine is used in

the fall cleanup. He agrees with Benyshek that grow-

ers need to be aware of over-use of any herbicide and

recommends tank-mixing herbicides for burn-

down to reduce the risk.

Henbit, chickweed, mustards and, in recent

years, eld pansies are the most frequent weed

problems for growers in northeast Kansas,

Beguelin says. The trend toward more no-till acres has

changed the weed spectrum somewhat, but growers have a gooarsenal to use against these weeds, none of which is particular

cult to control, if the grower does it in a timely manner.

“That’s where we provide the most help to growers. We hav

large base of information to draw from, and we can better dete

what is a problem and how to manage it than a grower can in m

cases. And sometimes a grower just needs someone to remind

when to take care of his crop and how to do it,” Beguelin says

Whereas the trend is toward fewer farmers farming more acr

Beguelin says in his area, more-diversied operations are on th

increase. The fall/winter burn-down program tends to t opera

of all sizes.

Regardless of the timing of a burn-down herbicide applicati

critical factors are choice of herbicide, timing of application anreliable record-keeping system.

Scott Begu

UNIQUE AERIAL IMAGERYCROP QUEST INTRODUCES

Crop Quest recently teamed up with John Deere Agri Servic-

es (JDAS) to offer aerial imaging services. John Deere’s novel

approach toward aerial imagery acquisition leads us to believe

their service will meld nicely with our agronomic services. A

few of the benets of the new service are:

• Quick Turnaround Time

 Crop Quest realizes that in the middle of the season, things

must happen in a timely manner. This new digital imagery

service provides us another tool for quick decision-making.

• Quality Imagery

 In order to have condence in the nal prescription, we

need to be assured we have the correct tools available when

making a decision. This new imagery service will add an

increased level of detail to our imagery services, allowing us

to custom-t imagery to a project.

• Quantity and Flexibility in Ordering

 This service will allow Crop Quest to offer imagery over

targeted elds. Whether you have one eld or 100 elds

needing imagery, contact your agronomist.

Crop Quest, through JDAS, is able to pro-

vide exible imagery acquisition with the use

of a unique network of aerial operatorsand mobile cameras. By increasing

the tools at our disposal, we can do a

better job of selecting an imagery

service that best ts your situation.

Uses of imagery include variable rate

application of growth regulators, acreage delineation of her

cide damage, irrigation issues and management zone creatio

Whatever your imagery needs are, your Crop Quest agrono

mist can help customize a program tailored to t your situa

By: Nathan WoydziakPrecision Ag Specialist

Timing, Herbicide Interaction Critical ... Continued from Page 1

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 By:  Ron O’HanlonPresident

Member, National Allianc

of Independent Crop

Consultants, CPCC-I

Certied

Fungicide use on corn, wheat and soy-

beans frequently boosts yields on grain

crops. In 2007, with an expected increase

of up to 12 million acres of corn nationwide

and soybean and wheat prices remaining

good, the use of fungicides may be more

critical as the crop increases in value.

The high price growers are getting for

their grain crops changes some of the

management practices we recommend to

our clients. In the past, a yield potential of 

30 bushels per acre of wheat or 150 bushels

per acre of corn may not have been valuable

enough to warrant using fungicides. With thevalue of the crop so much higher, farmers may want to reevaluate

the use of fungicides on corn and wheat, maybe even soybeans.

Dr. Doug Jardine, a professor of plant pathology at Kansas State

University and an expert in the use of fungicides on grain crops,

says successes in previous years may not be great predictors of 

what will happen in the 2007 crop. He states that the diseases

most directly affected by fungicide use are all highly dependent

on weather. A drought, like we had in some parts of the Midwest

in 2006, can virtually eliminate the risk of some fungal-borne

diseases.

Corn, wheat and soybeans are the primary crops on which fungi-

cides will be used in 2007. In wheat, the diseases most likely to get

fungicide treatments are stripe rust and leaf rust. Last year, extremedrought in Texas resulted in no rust spores, and so rust pressure in

Kansas was about as close to zero as it gets, he says.

Timing of fungicides is both critical and difcult to achieve. In

wheat, from rst ag leaf emergence until heading begins is the

window of application. The later a grower waits in that window,

the better he will be, because these products begin to lose efcacy

after three to four weeks. On the other hand, it is critical to keep

the ag leaf as clean as possible, because that ag leaf provides

about 70% to 80% of the carbohydrates needed to ll the head with

grain. Given the price of wheat, some growers may spray twice

 – once at ag leaf emergence and again just prior to the beginning

of owering.

In most parts of the Midwest, there are ve primary productsthat are widely used on corn, wheat and soybeans. Headline® and

Quadris® are the primary strobilurin fungicides used. Tilt® is the

primary triazole fungicide used and Quilt® and Stratego® are popu-

lar combinations of triazole and strobilurin chemistry.

If the ag leaf is completely clean, it is better to use a strobilurin

or strobilurin mixture as a preventative. These products work better

when there is no disease on the ag leaf. If the disease slips up on

you and disease pustules form on the leaf, then use Tilt, Stratego,

Quilt or a combination of Headline or Quadris plus a triazole fun-

gicide, because these materials have kick-back effect that allows

them to control the dis-

ease after it has started

on the plant.

The use of strobi-

lurins alone and in

combination triazole

fungicides, used in

areas with high disease potential, consistently increased yields in

soybeans by three to ve bushels per acre, wheat by seven to nine

bushels per acre, and corn up to 15 bushels per acre in tests in

Kansas, Oklahoma and Missouri.

Crop Quest agronomists closely monitor wheat, corn and soy-

bean varieties, which have a tremendous impact on susceptibility

to various fungal-borne diseases. In particular, some of the offen-sive-type corn hybrids used to produce high yields don’t have goo

disease resistance. Scouting is especially critical in these hybrids.

On the other hand, the more defensive corn hybrids may have mo

limited yield potential, but may require only one fungicide ap-

plication, or in some cases, no fungicide. Dr. Jardine notes that if a

grower is planting varieties that are susceptible to fungal diseases

he needs to be scouting early, and may need to spray twice becaus

of the value of the crop.

Dennis Belcher, Ph.D., whose company BASF markets one of 

the top-selling strobilurins under the trade name Headline, says

choosing the right fungicide can mean a big yield and prot in-

crease in some cases. He notes that Headline reduces the amount o

ethylene produced in a plant, thus preventing premature ripening.At a time when grain crops are at near record high prices, allowin

corn, soybean or wheat plants the opportunity to mature and reach

genetic potential is a money-making proposition.

Greg Hudec, who works with Bayer CropScience which market

a combination of a strobilurin and a triazole under the trade name

Stratego, says in some cases a grower needs the preventative actio

of a strobilurin and curative action of a triazole. He says in 16 fun

gicide strip trials last year conducted in Kansas, Texas and Nebras

ka, corn yield increases of 11 bushels per acre were recorded usin

the combination of the two popular families of fungicides.

Stressing the need for a grower to understand the fungal disease

and its relationship to environmental conditions, Hudec points

out that in these 16 tests, yield benet ranged from -4.36 to +28.7bushels of corn per acre.

Though most growers in the Midwest will use fungicides a

maximum of twice in a growing season, there is still some concer

about resistance. Wise use of these fungicides is critical. In other

parts of the United States and the world, resistance to strobilurins

has developed.

For many years growers were often encouraged to ‘not’ use

fungicides in corn, wheat and soybeans unless disease pressure

and yield potential were both high. However, the pricing structure

of these commodities in 2007 and beyond mandates that we take

another look at fungicides to protect these more valuable crops.

Grain Crop Prices Make FungicideApplication More Valuable

®Headline is a registered trademark of BASF.®Quadris, Tilt and Quilt are registered trademarks of Syngenta.®Stratego is a registered trademark of Bayer CropScience.

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Mission StatementCrop Quest is an employee-owned company dedicated to providing the highest quality agricultural services for each customer. The quest of our network of

professionals is to practice integrity and innovation to ensure our services are economically and environmentally sound.

PRSRT STD

US POSTAGE

PAID

DODGE CITY KS

PERMIT NO. 433

“Employee-Owned & Customer Driven” Crop Quest Agronomic Services, Inc.

Main Ofce: Phone 620.225.2233

Fax 620.225.3199Internet: www.cropquest.com

[email protected]

Crop Quest Board of Directors  President: Ron O’Hanlon

Director: Jim Gleason

Director: Dwight Koops

Director: Cort Minor

Director: Chris McInteer

Director: Rob Benyshek

When was the last time any of us could comfortably make a

decent prot growing grain sorghum? It’s been a while, but grain

sorghum has become a player again.

Over the last few months, most of the Plains states have re-

ceived plenty of benecial moisture, and soil moisture proles

have not been in this good of shape for years. The prospects of 

producing a respectable-to-good dryland crop this season look

very favorable.

Additionally, commodity prices have made an impressive move

up over the past few months, elevating prices at ranges we are

not accustomed to. This has truly changed the attitude out in the

country. Farmers can’t wait to put a crop in the ground with the

prospect of making a prot.Grain sorghum, or milo as most of us refer to it, is enjoying

the price upswing just like other commodities. When you push a

pencil on a milo budget, the bottom line should show black ink

now, and we have not seen this situation in years. Even the many

scenarios where limited-to-full irrigation is planned, milo budgets

are showing a prot. For those producers who don’t have large

enough wells to support a corn crop, this may be the year to plant

milo. During the tough times these last few years, producers had

a great desire to plant milo because input costs were much lower

than some of the other alternative crops. The problem has been

that we still couldn’t generate enough income even with lower

input costs. But higher commodity prices have resolved this issue.

Milo has a history of being a reliable crop under stress condi-tions. When we start the season with a good moisture prole, there

is a good chance we can produce a decent milo crop. We can’t

necessarily say the same thing about dryland corn.

In the past few years, there has been

a trend to plant some nontraditional and

minor crops where we used to plant milo.

Recently, sunowers and cotton have replaced quite a few mil

(and corn) acres. Now, however, the high input costs of cotton w

most likely push many producers to plant milo. Sunowers tend

to take so much soil moisture out of the prole that the subseque

crop suffers and we tend to lose signicant yield for a year or tw

after sunower production, especially under dryland and limited

water situations.

It is important for producers to make sound agronomic deci-

sions as they plan their milo production. Although input costs are

much less for milo compared to corn or cotton, we don’t wantto cut unnecessary corners on weed and insect control. A sound

fertilizer program is a necessity as well. There is proven data tha

show adequate levels of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers not

only improve plant health, but signicantly affect yield.

Visit with your Crop Quest agronomist about grain sorghum

production. We can help you successfully grow this crop as well

as any of your other crops, as we try to maximize prots in a yea

where we don’t want to leave anything on the table. I encourage

you to evaluate all the cropping possibilities this year and plant

the crops that t your farming operation best, and still allow you

to achieve your goals.

Why plant milo this year?

Grain Sorghum Is 

Back In The GameBy: Dwight KoopsRegional Vice President

Ulysses, Kan.

  • Improved soil moisture • Higher commodity pri

  • Reasonable input costs • Better stress tolerance

 • Lower downside risk