cps energy water use louisa eclarinal, p.g. december 18, 2013 catee
TRANSCRIPT
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CPS Energy Water Use
Louisa Eclarinal, P.G.
December 18, 2013CATEE
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Outline
1. CPS Energy Overview
2. Water Resources and Requirements
3. Water Supply Management and Strategies
– Historical –visionary shift from GW to reuse
– Fleet diversification to include renewables and demand efficiency
– Water conservation and drought management measures
4. Challenges 2
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Overview
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• Largest municipally-owned electric and gas utility in the U.S.• Oldest energy utility in Texas – Founded in 1860• 717,000 electric customers• 323,000 natural gas customers• 3,500 employees• Nearly $10B in assets with highest credit ratings among municipal
utilities is the U.S.• $250 million annual return to owner, the City of San Antonio
• Outstanding customer satisfaction track record• Lowest electric rates of all major cities in the U.S. – 2011 Residential
rates averaged about 9¢/kwh
J.D. Power Survey – Southern Region 2009 2010 2011 2012
Electric Residential Customers 1st 3rd 2nd 1st
Gas Residential Customers 1st 1st 1st 1st
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Generation Capacity
• Leon Creek – 184 MW Net (Gas)
• V. H. Braunig/Arthur von Rosenberg/CT – 1549 MW Net (Gas)
• O. W. Sommers/J. T. Deely – 1670 MW Net (Gas & Coal)
• J.K. Spruce 1&2 – 1340 MW Net (Coal)
• Rio Nogales - 750 MW Net (Gas)-Guadalupe County
• STP 1&2 – 1080 MW Net (Nuclear)-Bay City
Total Generation Capacity – 6573 MW Net
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Renewable Energy
Sweetwater 3 & 4 Wind
Covel Gardens Landfill Gas
Penascal Wind
Papalote Creek Wind
Cedro Hill Wind
Dos Rios & Somerset Solar
Blue Wing Solar
Desert Sky Wind
Los Vientos Wind
Commercial Operation
Wind 1059 MW
Solar 44.3 MW
Landfill Gas 9.6 MW
Total 1113 MW
Development / Construction
Landfill Gas 4 MW
Solar 400 MW
Total 404 MW
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Gas22.4%
Coal36.2%
Nuclear24.5%
Demand Reduction
2.9%
Wind10.5%
Solar2.9%
Landfill Gas0.3% Purch Pwr
0.4%
Generation Portfolio
Projected Generation 2020
Traditional sources = 83.4% Renewable sources = 13.7%Demand Reduction = 2.9%
Traditional sources = 89.5% Renewable sources = 9.4%Demand Reduction = 1.1%
2012 Generation
CY 2012 Generation ~ 29.4 TWh CY 2020 Generation ~ 32.4 TWh
Gas19.3%
Coal43.8%
Nuclear25.2%
Demand Reduction
1.1%
Wind9.0%
Solar0.2%
Landfill Gas0.2%
Purch Pwr1.2%
Low & Non-emittive: 56% Low & Non-emittive: 68%
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Withdrawal vs Consumption
Withdrawal Consumption
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7% Domestic
1% Commercial
81% Irrigation
3% Livestock
4% Industrial
1% Mining
3% Ther-moelectric
Total 1995 US Fresh Water Consumption
13% Domestic
1% Com-mercial
39% Irrigation
1% Livestock6% Industrial
1% Mining
39% Ther-moelectric
Total 1995 US Fresh Water Withdrawal
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Power Plant Water Usage
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State of Texas:
• Vast majority of water in electric generation process is cycled through power plant for cooling and returned to reservoir
• 2% of statewide water use; an important but relatively small amount on a statewide basis
*Source: Texas Water Development Boardhttp://www2.twdb.texas.gov/ReportServerExt/Pages/ReportViewer.aspx?%2fWU%2fSumFinal_RegionReport&rs:Command=RenderRetrieved12/4/2013
Municipal28%
6% Manu-factur-
ingMining
1%Steam Electric 2%
Irrigation 61%
Live-stock2%
2011Texas Water Use Survey*
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How Electricity is Made - Spruce
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CPS Energy Water Supplies
CPS Energy: • Bexar County Plants: 16 power generating units located at 4 Bexar Co. sites• Braunig and Calaveras Power Stations 60% of total generating capacity
- Water Supplies• Edwards Aquifer GW permit-3046 acre-ft /yr (Leon Creek)• Surface water rights-99,000 acre ft/yr
Braunig -12,000 acre-ft surface water from San Antonio River Calaveras -27,000 acre-ft surface water from Calaveras Creek watershed 60,000 acre-ft surface water and treated sewage effluent from
the San Antonio River• SAWS reuse water contract 50,000 acre-ft /yr (Calaveras)• Potable Water (SAWS and East Central for Braunig and Calaveras)
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Historical Water Management Strategies
• Post 1950s Drought of Record: Visionary shift from Edwards GW to reuse water
• 1967 Ordinance 35228 “providing for use of city’s sewage effluent for cooling water purposes”
• Pioneer use of treated effluent for power plant cooling
• Secure supply with ACRD contract in late 90s-$2M/year
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Braunig Lake Construction1964
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Braunig Lake Power Station (2012)- 1966, 1968, 1970, 1999, 2010
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Calaveras Lake Construction 1967
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Calaveras Lake (2012) – 1972, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1992, 2010
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Edwards Aquifer Water Use
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
CPS Energy Strategic Move to Reuse 1962-2012Total Edwards Aquifer Water Saved 983,365 acre-ft
(320 billion gallons)
Groundwater (Acre-FT) Reuse/SA River Diversion (Acre-FT)
16Dry years: 2005-2006, 2009, 2011
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Growth in Edwards Aquifer Water Use (1940-2011)
1940
1942
1944
1946
1948
1950
1952
1954
1956
1958
1960
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
CPS ENERGY EDWARDS USE CPS Lake Water/Reuse SA EDWARDS WATER USE REGIONAL EDWARDS USE Net Generation (Bexar County Plants)
Total Regional Edwards Water Use
City of SA Edwards Water Use
CPS Energy Edwards Use
Regional Edwards use consists of Bexar, Comal, Hays, Medina and Uvalde Counties
Tho
usan
ds (
acre
-fee
t)
CPS Energy Lake / Reuse Water
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Water Management Strategies
• Strategic Water Resources Plan• SAWS Reuse Contract (Increased to
50K/year in 2011)• Renewables –increased to 15% of
capacity by 2020• Demand reduction- 771MW • Water Conservation• Drought Management
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Water Demand Projection
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
50,000
-
100
200
300
400
500
600
2008 2010 2012 2015 2020 2025 2030
acre-feetgallons/MWhCPS Energy Water Intensity
Water Intensity Total Acre-Feet
Summit COD
JTDeely Retirment
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Renewables and STEP Water Savings
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2,500
7,500
12,500
17,500
22,500
27,500
Cumulative Historical Water Savings
CPS STEP (2005-2012)
CPS Renewables (2002-2012)
acr
e-f
eet
26,342
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Water Conservation
• Re-circulate cooling water in reservoir for reuse
• Recycle all waste streams-99%
• Evaluate low water usage processes when considering capital investments (water efficient gas turbines instead of gas steam turbines)
• Investigate new water treatment technologies
• Increase power plant efficiency
• Encourage energy conservation and provide rebates to reduce growth in demand for generation
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Drought Management
• Drought Management Plan updated
• Peak load demand reduction
• Strategic scheduling of river pumping operations and enhanced monitoring for optimal lake level management
• Increased communication and collaboration with San Antonio Water System, San Antonio River Authority and South Texas Water Master
• Participate in industry working groups to develop best practices for drought preparedness (e.g., ERCOT)
• Examine dispatching units based on water use or availability; moving water between power plant cooling reservoirs
• Monitor market conditions-may purchase wholesale power
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Challenges
A. TAP Lawsuit
• Recent court ruling against TCEQ – Over-allocation of water rights in the basin caused
death of 23 whooping cranes
• TCEQ can’t issue new water rights
• 5th Court of Appeals granted stay – Additional arguments in August 2013
• Potential impact on existing SW rights
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Challenges (cont.)
B. Endangered Species
• Proposed federal listing of 5 mussels species in Central TX River basin by USF&W
• UT Bureau of Economic Geology/Texas Comptroller’s Office Study (draft) on economic impact of listing – Would result in $107M losses for CPS Energy for non-
generation at Braunig and Calaveras due to potential higher flow requirement
• Mussel studies underway by SARA and USGS
• Potential reallocation of existing surface water rights
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Challenges (cont.)
C. Regulatory• 316 b –Cooling Water Intake Structure final rule
in Jan 2014
• New Effluent Guidelines for Steam Electric
• Thermal Discharge Limits
• Potentially limit operations at Braunig and Calaveras
• Need to assess costs and benefits
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Take Away
• Early pioneer in Edwards Aquifer water conservation efforts and reuse water, partnered with SAWS and its predecessors
• Diversification, shift to renewables, and emphasis on energy efficiency keep water demand consistently low and decrease water requirements
• Continuous review and improvement of plant operation efficiencies and water management strategies
• Continued close cooperation with SAWS and other agencies allow for better management of water supplies
• Enough water supplies for future expansion and during period of prolonged drought
• Proposed regulatory and environmental requirements create challenges and uncertainties
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Questions