cpr/first aid
DESCRIPTION
CPR/First Aid. Lesson 03 Checking an Ill or Injured Person. First Aid Care Guidelines. According to the American Red Cross guidelines for first aid & care; An infant -from birth to 1 year. A child -1-12 years (school age). An adult -12 years or older. Checking a Conscious Person. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
CPR/FA Lesson 03 1
CPR/First Aid
Lesson 03Checking an Ill or Injured Person
CPR/FA Lesson 03 2
First Aid Care Guidelines
According to the American Red Cross guidelines for first aid & care;
An infant-from birth to 1 year.A child-1-12 years (school age).An adult-12 years or older.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 3
Checking a Conscious Person
When conducting interviews (victim & bystanders), ask simple questions and keep it brief.
Identify yourself.Ask for consent to help & the person’s
name.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 4
Checking a Conscious Person (cont)
What happened?Do you feel pain anywhere?Do you have any allergies? Do you have any medical conditions?Are you taking any medications?
CPR/FA Lesson 03 5
Checking a Conscious Person (cont)Checking from Head to Toe
When checking a conscious person–Do not move areas where they have
discomfort or if you suspect a head/neck/back injury.
Look for cuts, bruises, bumps & depressions.
Watch for changes in consciousness. (Drowsy/not alert/confused)
CPR/FA Lesson 03 6
Checking a Conscious Person (cont)Checking from Head to Toe
Look for changes in the person’s breathing.
Notice how the skin looks & feels.Look over the entire body.
Check head, shoulders, chest, abdomen. Check arms, hands, fingers. Check hips and legs in the same way.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 7
Checking a Conscious Person (cont)Checking from Head to Toe
Look for medical ID tag. (Medic Alert) Gives you medical information. Explains how to care for certain
conditions. List who to call for help.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 8
ABC’s of First Aid
A = Airway
B = Breathing
C = Circulation
CPR/FA Lesson 03 9
AirwayOpen it with a head tilt, chin lift.BreathingCheck for breathing & signs of life for no more than 10 seconds. (Look, listen & feel)CirculationIf a child/infant shows no signs of life, you will have to check for a pulse for no more than 10 seconds.
ABC’s of First Aid (cont)
CPR/FA Lesson 03 10
Pulse Checks
Adult-neck/carotid artery
Child-neck/carotid artery
Infant-upper arm/brachial artery
Groin region/femoral artery
CPR/FA Lesson 03 11
Pulse Checks/Arteries
Carotid
Radial
CPR/FA Lesson 03 12
Pulse Checks/Arteries
Brachial
Femoral
CPR/FA Lesson 03 13
Circulation
Recognize breathing emergencies in children, and act before the heart stops.
When a child/infant’s heart stops, it is usually the result of a breathing emergency.
Adults’ hearts frequently stop beating because of disease.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 14
Shock
Shock is a condition in which the circulatory system fails to supply oxygen to the body’s tissues and vital organs.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 15
Shock (cont)
When the body is healthy, 3 conditions are needed to keep the right amount of blood flowing–
The heart must be working well. An adequate amount of oxygen-rich blood
must be circulating in the body. Blood vessels must be intact and able to
adjust blood flow.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 16
Signals of Shock
Restlessness/irritabilityAltered level of consciousnessNausea/vomitingPale, ashen, cool, moist skinRapid breathing and pulseExcessive thirst
CPR/FA Lesson 03 17
Recognizing & Caring for Shock
Shock is likely to develop after any serious injury/illness including severe bleeding, serious internal injury, significant fluid loss or other conditions.
A person showing signals of shock needs immediate medical attention because body systems & organs are failing.
The goals of first aid are; get help, provide care and minimize shock.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 18
Caring for Shock
The following steps can minimize the effects of shock on the body.
Call 911/local emergency #. Help the person rest comfortably. Control external bleeding. Elevate the legs about 12 inches. Unless
you suspect a head/neck/back injury or possible broken bones.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 19
Caring for Shock (cont)
Maintain normal body temperature.Do not give them anything to eat or
drink.Reassure the person.Monitor the ABC’s and provide care
for the conditions that you may find.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 20
Skill Steps for Checking an Unconscious Adult
Step 1-Check scene, then check the person.
Step 2-Tap shoulder & shout.
Step 3-Have someone call 911.(If an unconscious person is face-down–Roll
face-up supporting head, neck & back.)
CPR/FA Lesson 03 21
Skill Steps for Checking an Unconscious Adult (cont)
Step 4-Open the airway (head-tilt, chin-lift), check for signs of life, movement & breathing for no more than 10 seconds.
Step 5-If no breathing, give 2 rescue breaths.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 22
Skill Steps for Checking an Unconscious Adult (cont)
Step 6-If breathing, place in the recovery position and monitor the ABCs.
WHAT TO DO NEXT…Be prepared to perform CPR or use an AED.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 23
Recovery Position (RP)
If you are alone and have to leave the person for any reason, place the person in the RP.
If the person has been in the RP for more than 30 minutes & begins to show signs of loss of circulation in the lower arm, turn them to the opposite side.
CPR/FA Lesson 03 24
HAINES Position (HP)High Arm In Endangered Spine (H.A.IN.E.S.) Position
If you suspect a head/neck/back injury & can maintain an open airway, do not move the person.
If an opened airway cannot be maintained, or you must leave the person to get help or an AED, put them in the HAINES position.