cpr

15
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

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Presented by Aaron Pakenham.

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Page 1: CPR

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Page 2: CPR

Scenario

An unconscious individual near some sort of electrical hazard. There’s no one in the vicinity but there is a house nearby which has a telephone. You do not have a mobile. What do you do?

Checking that the individual is unconscious - 4marksExamining breathing – 5 marksCPR technique – 11 marks

Page 3: CPR

What to do…Give student ID to examiner

Speak through the procedure

Page 4: CPR

DangerTalk your way through the initial part about DANGER

Assess the scene“I see an unconscious man lying on his back”

Assess the danger“I ensure the safety for myself and victim”“I can’t see any danger – there are no wires touching the

individual, no broken glass…”

Page 5: CPR

Response“I check for victim’s response”

Shake the victim and rock shoulders

Pinch ear or sternal rub (providing different stimuli)

Ask loudly in both ears (incase they are deaf in one ear)

“Sir! Sir! Can you hear me?” Response – Leave them in the same position and get helpNo Response – SHOUT “Help” 3 times

Now make sure the victim is in Supine Position (head facing the sky, on their back looking up)

Page 6: CPR

Airway“Check for any cervical spine injuries”

Feel the cervical spine region“No signs of injury”

Head tilt, Chin LiftTilt the head backRaise the victim’s chin Check for airway potency

Open the mouth using two fingers“There are no airway obstructions of foreign material”

Page 7: CPR

BreathingKeep the airway open

“I will now check for signs of normal breathing”

Put your cheek next to the victim’s mouthLook – for chest riseListen – for breath soundsFeel – air on the cheek

Do this for 10 seconds – count out loud

Page 8: CPR

Breathing (cont’d)If the victim is breathing normally

Put them in the recovery positionThen call an ambulanceKeep checking for breathing

If the victim isn’t breathing Call an ambulance

“Since there is no bystander around and both the victim and I do not have a phone – I would try the house near by”

“Once I have called the ambulance, I will return to the victim and commence CPR”

Then start the CPR procedure

Page 9: CPR

CPR ProcedureTechnique

Kneel by the side of the victim Place the heel of one palm on the middle of the victim’s chest

with the other hand interlocked above.Find the middle of the chest (you can do it 2 ways):

2 fingers on either side of the nipplePut the heel of your palm, 2 fingers above the xiphoid process

Keep your arms completely straightTower over the chest on your kneesIf your arms aren’t straight you WILL LOOSE MARKS

Page 10: CPR

30 CompressionsPress down on the sternum

4-5 cm (1/3 of chest height) right under the inter-nipple (horizontal) line.

If you push down too hard you will hear clicking and you WILL LOOSE MARKS

Rate of compressions2 per second (about 100-120 a minute)Rhythm – ‘1 and, 2 and, 3 and…) or Nelly the elephant song

Do 30 compressions…

….followed by 2 rescue breaths

Page 11: CPR

2 Rescue BreathsTo give the rescue breaths:

pinch the nose shut using your index finger and thumb Keep your palm on his forehead.

Chin lift with the other hand opens the airway.

Take a deep breath inForm a tight seal around the victim’s mouth with your ownExhale air fully and at a steady rate

In such a way that you can see the chest rise

See if the chest moves up and down as you breathe.

Page 12: CPR

FinishKeep doing and repeating:

30 chest compressions at 100/min followed by 2 rescue breaths

Until:The ambulance or help arrivesThe individual starts breathing

Put them in the recovery position I am completely exhausted

Page 13: CPR

Extra bits and bobs In case of a toddler or drowned individual

Initially, 5 rescue breaths 30 compressionsFollowed by 2 rescue breaths

In case of a babyUse two fingers for compressions

In a situation when not able to give rescue breaths – give compressions only

Page 14: CPR

Ace the StationBe calm!

A relaxed station Student takes full command Not asked any medical questions

Memorise CPR procedure that is in your red practical books - those are the guidelines the examiner

DON’T USE ANY OTHER GUIDELINES FROM THE NET!

Speak out loud the CPR procedure

Practice!

Page 15: CPR

Thank youQuestions?