cpp exam preparation emergency management. exam overview: 6% of exam is based on the “emergency...
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CPP Exam Preparation Emergency Management
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Exam Overview:
6% of exam is based on the “emergency management” subject area.
Tests knowledge of implementation, plan development, and types of emergencies.
Exam reference publications:– Emergency Planning Handbook
– Handbook of Loss Prevention & Crime Prevention
– Protection of Assets Manual ( Chap. 10, 13, 18, 22, 26)
– Introduction to Security
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Plan Development
Primary Considerations
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Why Emergency Planning ?
3 Primary Goals :– Protection Of Lives– Protection Of Property– Restoration Of Operations
“Be Prepared” -- Consider probabilities of each type of disaster occurring.
Government & industry must share burden of protecting public.
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Threat Scenarios
Most serious industrial hazards :– Fire– Explosion
Most common emergencies :– Fire– Bomb threat– Labor dispute
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Stages of Emergency Planning
Anticipate Emergency Provide for Responsive Action Return to Normal Operations
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Planning Basics
Emergency plans should be in writing Follow KISS principle -- provide specific &
precise actions No new organizations created! Identify who can declare emergency Identify the Emergency Coordinator Ensure continuity of leadership
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Planning Basics
Basic plan has 3 essential elements:– Authority– Types of emergencies– Execution
Outline plant shutdown procedures Evacuation routes must remain consistent
for all threats Test plan annually -- brief every employee!
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Advanced Planning
Mutual Aid Association– Cooperative organization of industrial, business
and local government emergency services, united by a voluntary agreement to assist each other during an emergency.
– Identifies pooled community resources– Provides for standardized equipment & training – Requires substantial funding
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Advanced Planning
Create an Emergency Command Center :– Maps/Procedure charts/Call-up lists/MAA’s– Back-up power and communications gear– Disaster response and medical gear
Identify PR person to coordinate media EDP backup sites-- hot, warm, cold Preserve vital records (2%) -- bylaws, board
minutes, stock transactions, financial data
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Types of Emergencies
Natural and Man-Made
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Natural Disasters Tornadoes
– 5 classifications based on wind speeds (F1-F5) of 200-400 mph. Ground speeds of 30-70 mph.
– Width up to a mile. Travel up to 30 miles.– “ Tornado Watch” : tornado expected– “ Tornado Warning” : tornado sighted in area
Thunderstorms– “Severe” : heavy rain, hail, & winds > 50 mph– “Severe watch” : projected winds > 75 mph
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Natural Disasters Floods
– “Flash flood watch” : flooding is possible– “Flash flood warning” : flooding is about to
occur
Hurricanes (heavy rains w/ winds >74 mph)– 5 categories based on wind speeds – “Watch” : expected within 36 hours– “Warning” expected within 24 hours
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Natural Disasters Snow storm
– “Heavy snow warning” : 4”/12 hrs or 6”/24 hrs– “Severe blizzard warning” : >45mph winds &
<10 F temperature (blizzard is >35 mph winds)
Earthquakes– Unpredictable. Can last as long as 5 minutes. – If inside -- stay there. Seek cover under heavy
furniture in the center of the building . – “TSUNAMI” are tidal waves caused by
underwater earthquakes.
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Man-Made Disasters
Plant fires Bomb threats Labor unrest Terrorism Sabotage Chemical/radiological accidents Transportation accidents Public demonstrations & civil disturbances
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Man-Made Disasters : Plant Fire
Causes are preventable:– Carelessness – Ignorance
Most are electrical in origin Most fatalities are a result of toxic gas
inhalation, followed by death from smoke inhalation and high temperatures.
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Man-Made Disasters : Plant Fire
The Fire Triangle : – heat, fuel, oxygen, & a chemical reaction
Fire Classifications: – Class A: ash-producing fire (paper, rags, wood)– Class B : volatile fluid fire (gas, oil, grease)– Class C : electrical fire– Class D :combustible metals (magnesium)
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Man-Made Disasters : Plant Fire
Extinguishing agents :– Class A : Water or water fog– Class B : Foam agents in water or “range guard” – Class C : CO2 extinguisher– Class D : Sand or PKP
Sprinkler systems– Type : Wet pipe & Dry pipe– Operate at temperatures between 130-160 F
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Man-Made Disasters : Plant Fire
Fire sensor systems : 4 basic fire stages – Ionization detector : no-smoke incipient stage– Photoelectric smoke detector : smoldering stage– Infrared flame detector : visible flame stage– Thermal detector : significant heat stage
Develop MAA’s to cope with major fires Key to effective fire fighting is quick
response and rapid containment
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Man-Made Disasters : Bomb Threats
Security nightmare vs. a 98% hoax Create a “Bomb Threat Checklist” (ATF)
– Who? What? Where? When ? Why?– Get description of voice & background noises
Security options (Who decides ?):– Ignore– Search, then decide on evacuation– Partial search and evacuation – Complete evacuation and then search
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Man-Made Disasters : Bomb Threats
A search must be made after every call ! Evacuation decision based on :
– Whether bomb actually found.– Other compelling evidence bomb threat is real.
Bomb threat notification :– Search and evacuation parties– Local authorities– FBI and other federal agencies– Medical facilities, neighbors, utilities
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Man-Made Disasters : Bomb Threats
Access control over the entry of personnel and material is the key countermeasure
C3 very important during a search If suspicious object found :
– Only EOD personnel touch or use bomb blanket to isolate IED.
– Establish 300’ clear zone including the floors above and below.
– Leave doors and windows open to vent blast
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Man-Made Disasters :Strike
NLRA/Wagner Act governs strikes :– Strike: concerted refusal by employees to work
in an attempt to force an employer to meet certain demands.
– “Economic strike” requires 60 day notice.– “Unfair labor practice” : Allegations employer
violated fair labor practices. Striking employees must be allowed to return to work (often occurs suddenly).
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Man-Made Disasters : Strike
Key management decision : Shut down or continue business operations ?
Strike preparation (TIPS approach)– Know direct/indirect costs– Know NRLB rulings requirements– Early preparation/intervention is best
Security’s role must be carefully defined. Work with local police to avoid violence.
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Man-Made Disasters : Terrorism
Letter bombing & kidnapping are common forms.
Create mail room procedure for handling suspicious objects.
If kidnapping occurs :– Use pre-established duress code to signal.– Victims should cooperate & remember all.– Contact local law enforcement agency. – Ransom payment needs corporate approval.
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FEMA: Federal Planners Federal Emergency Management Agency
– Ensures continuity of government actions and directs the mobilizing of resources in response to national emergencies
National Warning System (NAWAS)– 3 Command Centers (24X7) in located Colorado
Springs; Denton, TX; Olney, MD.– Loudspeaker/radio signals :
• Alert/Attention signal--steady sound• Attack warning--short wavering blasts.
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Why We Prepare for Disaster
“… a day that will live infamy.”
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September 11, 2001 -- 8:45 a.m. EDT
American Airlines Flight 11, hijacked
from Boston, slams into the World Trade
Center's north tower in Manhattan.
Terrorism in the 21st Century
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Terrorism in the 21st Century
September 11, 2001 -- 9:03 a.m. EDT
A second plane, United Airlines
Flight 175, crashes into the World Trade Center's south tower,
causing another massive explosion.
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Terrorism in the 21st Century
.
September 11, 2001 -- 9:40 a.m. EDTA third plane, American Airlines Flight 77, crashes into the “E” Ring of the Pentagon, destroying the new Naval Operations Center.
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Terrorism in the 21st Century
President Bush : "We will do whatever
necessary to protect America and
Americans ... The United States will
hunt down and punish those
responsible for these cowardly acts."
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Any Questions ?Turn over notes for closed book exam