cpm report
DESCRIPTION
time managementTRANSCRIPT
Management Problem Encountered at Site During Construction
Construction Project Management
BEC 404
Semester June 2014
Group Members :Lee Yong Ka 131010251
Ler Mei Hui 123009642
Yvonne Ng Yee Ling 123009658
Lecturer : Pn Farah
Content
1.1 Definition of Time Management
1.2 The Aims of Time Management on Site
1.3 Articles
1.4 Causes of failure in time management in construction
1.5 Effects of improper time management in construction
1.6 Solutions of improper time management in construction
1.7 References
1.1 Definition of Time Management
The process of planning and exercising conscious control over the amount of
time spent on specific activities, especially to increase effectiveness,
efficiency or productivity.
In Fact, it is more commonly to be known as Project Planning and Project
Scheduling when time management is being applied on construction site.
1.2 The aims of Time Management on site
- Schedule time of progress working on site effectively.
- Estimate cost or budget accurately based on time scheduling.
1.3 Articles
Articles 1
Articles 2
Articles 3
1.4 Causes of failure in time management in construction
1) Poor site management and supervision
In construction industry, some of the delay projects are facing a problem during
construction period. But at the same time contractor could not solved the problem
immediately due to no experience. During the contractor finding method to solve the
problem, some of the works totally stop because of that problem. After the issue was solved,
those work keeping proceed with yet run out from the timetable. Finally, the whole project
will be delayed. Some of the project team lack of management and supervision due team
member without any experience and skill such as hire person who are fresh graduate. Once
they facing problem but do not know how to solve it. Besides that, some of the supervisor did
not cooperation with their team member due to lack of communicated. Finally, because of
cannot solve the problem immediately the whole project influence delay.
2) Lack of adequate information from consultants
In construction industry, they are many consultants carry out their work without experience.
Other than that, there are numerous reason for an adviser without experience which include
different site conditions, mismanagement and maladministration, site access restrictions,
defective plan and/or specification. For examples, some of the architects only concentrated in
certain part of building and do not have any experience in other type. Once architect design
on that particular type of building without experiences, he will facing a lot of mistake and no
ideas during design and because of this architect will delay issue the drawing. At long last,
the works can't process and it will influence the entire venture delay.
3.Poor design and delay in design
Design is very essential to any project, without good the entire undertaking will impact
delay. It is because in a project if facing poor design that will facing demolish and rebuilt
again. This problem happens because of the designer lack of experience. For example, an
architect designs a column in the middle of bedroom. Once the contractor without any
experience and construct the work exactly shown in the drawing. Incomplete drawing and
detail design that contribute to causes of delays in construction project. During construction,
the contractor is carrying out the work but because of drawing is unclear and none very detail
shown in the drawing. The work with problem could not be continued, so the works have to
stop immediately until get more detail of that particular drawing from consultant responds.
Because of without detail drawing the work could not be progress, so it will affect the tat
particular work delay and it will also influence the whole project delay.
4. Mistakes during construction
One of the mistakes during the construction is shortage of construction materials. In
construction have a lot type of material and the three main courses are cement, formwork and
steel bar. Besides that, material is one of the main sources in construction industry. It is
because without material project cannot construct. If a project having the material shortage
problem will be delay. For example, a project having shortage ceramic tiles even though the
labours ready for tiling. In this situation, the project will facing delay project.
5. Weather condition
During the construction period, weather is a factor to influence the whole project delay. It
because weather condition that interfere with planned activities. Some activities can process
but other cannot. For examples, the workers cannot cast the ground floor slab when it is
raining so that the work has to be delayed.
6.Labour supply
Generally, labour are categories into two groups such as skilled workers and unskilled
workers. In construction industry without labour project could not run. For examples, during
construction, materials are ready to but no worker carrying out the work. During the same
time because of no worker to progress of work, the project will confront project delay. There
are many factors that influence on the labour productivity. One of the factors is workers
experience, labour with high experience and high skills in field leads to high performance at
workplace. Besides that, attitude also will affect productivity of labour. For example, a
worker can lay two meter square per hour but because of lazy. Finally he use three hours to
finish laid the brick wall. Because of this factor, the progress work delay and it will also
influence the whole project delay.
1.5 Effects of improper time management in construction
1) Increases cost or exceed the budget of construction
Workers on site are often paid by the hour, if the construction project is delayed, workers
need to be paid extra salary in order to speed up the project and follow up the progress, so an
improper time management will increase the budget and cost.
2) Having work delayed or behind schedule can hinder the overall project
Improper time management directly hinders the whole construction project. This problem
becomes significant especially when one group or company have to wait for another
company to finish a certain type of work before they can begin next step in the project. It is
really wasting of time and also increasing unnecessary cost in order to solve the work delayed
problem.
3) Workers on site do not have clear targets and motivation to finish their works
Having effective time management in construction projects includes giving the workers
reasonable goals, workable timeframes and the resources to do their jobs. This helps a lot in
expecting the workers to complete their responsibilities in a timely manner. Without proper
time management and working schedule, it will eventually leads to less effectively work
progress on site. The less efficiently, accurately and effectively that workers complete their
tasks, the higher the overall cost of construction will be.
4) Bad reputation for construction company
A reason for workers and supervisors to have an effective system of time management in
construction projects is that completing projects in a timely manner helps the reputation of
the company performing the work.
Companies that construct are often contracted, sometimes through bids and sometimes
without bids, to complete projects. They are often asked to complete a project, in part, based
on their reputation of getting past projects finished accurately and in a timely manner.
Utilizing effective time management skills helps a construction company maintain a positive
reputation, which can lead to more work in the future.
5) Safety problems increase on site
As the works delayed because of poor time management, the workers have to be going fast
and rushing on their works so that they can catch up the progress planned.
This rushing attitudes might cause the workers neglect the safety rules and precautions on
site. They might working day and night without getting enough rest and in the end causing
unwanted accidents that might lead to delaying of work again and also sorts of problems
might happen.
6) Quality of construction projects is not secured
Due to the fact that they are running out of time, the construction company cannot wait for
the construction materials that are qualified. Therefore they are forced to use the materials
which are cheaper and easier to get.
They are having no time to check on the materials and this careless mistakes will causes
safety problem to the future users of the buildings.
1.6 Solutions of improper ti me management in construction
1) Create the Critical Path Before the Construction Start
Critical path analysis is a valuable business method. It takes a great deal of guesswork out of
project planning and project management. Businesses that are engaged in the development of
new products often rely heavily on this method. So do software developers, and those who
are in charge of managing large facilities where multiple interdependent operations are
carried out. Critical path management was originally a manual process, and as such was
rather cumbersome to use. It has since been extensively automated, and the incorporation of
various bells and whistles have made critical path analysis even faster and more effective.
2) Proving and Defending a Delay
When a specific delay occurs, or is claimed by the contractor, it requires the early attention
and timely action of the owner or its representative. The owner needs to quickly identify the
party responsible for the delay and develop and promptly implement a corrective action plan.
The owner needs to require that its representative institute the basic principles of delay
analysis using a sound methodology, like Time Impact Analysis (TIA) procedures. The
owner or its representative also requires a basic working knowledge and understanding of
related legal precedence for schedule and delay, as well as addressing any issues with the
project completion date. Further, field procedures should be initiated, requiring the
identification, isolation and recording of factual data related to the delay and impact costs.
3) Establishing the Necessary Controls and Procedures
Establish contract provisions and project procedures setting forth a clear understanding of the
requirements for planning, implementing and controlling the project. Be familiar with the
strengths and weaknesses of the project delivery system being used, and the obligations, roles
and responsibilities assumed or avoided by the parties involved. Develop an awareness of the
key contract provisions that will potentially generate disputes, scheduling delays and cost
overruns. Develop and maintain a contemporaneous summary entitlement analysis.
4) Managing and Administering the Time Factor
Scheduling techniques have made it possible to demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, the
delay impact which can occur as a result of issues and unplanned project events. Delays can
be identified, isolated, quantified, and concurrent delays accurately segregated. This
capability has contributed significantly to the legal importance of the project schedule. While
scheduling techniques do not necessarily constitute proof in and of themselves, their
application can be of evidential value to demonstrate liability and causation. In addition, they
can provide a legitimate and supportable basis for allocating or apportioning damages, a
means preferable to using guess work or the like.
5) Be Proactive (Use Time Impact Procedures)
Plans, estimates, and schedules are bound to change as a result of errors and omissions,
owner changes, unforeseen subsurface conditions, strikes, and actual performance variations.
These are just a few of the many factors that create the need to change the schedule. Such
conditions require that the schedule be kept up to date and revised on a regular basis to reflect
actual performance and the contractor’s best, current plans and intentions.
6) Having Meeting Frequently
Poor project communication will make the project end unsuccessfully, but when you having
meeting frequently you can avoid many bad situations to happen. This is because you will
know your construction progress really well. So whenever there were some things happen,
you will know it on the very first time. Timing is really important for the construction project
as time equals money. So when you lose time you will lose your money.
1.7 References
http://www.constructionadvisoryreport.com/home/blog/2013/09/11/managing-
the-time-factor
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-importance-of-time-management-in-
construction.htm
http://www.ukessays.com/dissertations/project-management/avoiding-project-
failure.php
http://www.ukessays.com/dissertations/project-management/avoiding-project-
failure.php
http://www.interface-consulting.com/articles/time-equals-money-maximize-
efforts-to-resolve-project-changes/
http://www.constructionadvisoryreport.com/home/blog/2013/09/11/managing-
the-time-factor/