April 15-19, 2013—Tentative Schedule/ Lessons History of the Americas:History of the Americas,The Emergence of the Americas in Global Affairs, 1880-1929 History of the Americas Monday, April 15 & Tuesday April 16Part II—discussion and mini lecture: Warm Up. Please respond to & discuss the cartoon below with the kids at your table.

“We assert that no nation can long endure half republic and half empire, and we warn the American people that the imperialism abroad will lead quickly and

inevitably to despotism at home.”

Democratic Nation Platform, 1900Words to Know that Maybe We Don’t:

1. Despot2. Hegemony—(Danny D.?)3. Jingoism4. Yellow Journalism—Hearst & Pulitzer5. Add more please . . .

Terms, People & Concepts to remember from earlier reading:a. Josiah Strongb. Herbert Spencer

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c. Alfred Thayer Mahan—1890 The Influence of Sea Power upon History 1660-1783. Dominance of the seas was the key to power.

d. Mahan helped push for United States” pressure for a canal through Panama—citizens thought it their right to control sea-faring commerce and sea faring protection.

e. James G. Blaine—“Big Sister” policy—Pan-American Conference 1889—to get Latin Americans to become friends & markets

f. Venezuela & British Guiana dispute over land with gold . . . what was the issue for the U.S. here?

g. Olney & Cleveland used the M.D. to interfere with Britain not so impressed—more concerned with Kaiser Wilhelm and the looming Boer War.

h. Hawaii? Anybody? Attracted shippers, whalers and Protestant missionaries in a big way. Gradually, for many reasons the islands became a crucial center for sugar production . . . Harrison wanted to annex it but didn’t get a chance. . Cleveland did not annex it—he wasn’t an imperialist as far as that goes. . . The imperialists wait for a president more to their liking . . .. Which happens with William McKinley.

i. And it doesn’t stop there! What to do with all these islands?

j. Cuban Islands and The Philippines-- k. In Cuba planters and respond—the Insurrectos did not warm to the tariff

of 1894—led a scorched-earth campaign.l. U.S. and British Press reported that the Spanish had mistreated the

Cubans big time. m. There were atrocities committed to the Cuban Freedom Fighters—but

they were really exaggerated and some fabricated by the Pulitzer and Hearst press. It makes good sensationalist news stories.

n. “A splendid little war!”o. Anti-colonial feelings were running high—citizens favored the Cubans—

to rise above their harsh colonial rulers . . . like General “Butcher” Weyler.p. Cuba—“Remember the Maine!” February 15, 1898 the battleship Maine

blew up in Havana Harbor. 260 sailors lost.q. See IB HoA reading for military details.

Look at the following image. What do you see? Discuss it with your group. Write on the board or on notes what you come up with. Remember the TIME in which the Spanish-American War is taking place. It is how many years after some kind of war in the US?

What do you see?

Who do you see?Describe it all—share. Who is missing?

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a.

b. Declaration of war February 25, 1898—Bands singing “Hail, Hail the Gang’s All Here” and “There’ll Be a Hot Time in the Old town Tonight”

c. The war got off to a Giddy start. What do you think that means?d. We now get see Theodore Roosevelt in action as a hot-blooded assistant

secretary of the Navy—as “The very devil seemed to posses him,” wrote his boss, Secretary of the Navy John D. Long regarding his directions to Admiral Dewey to descend upon Spain’s Philippines in the event of a war.

e. There was a way, but many couldn’t understand how attacking the distant Philippines could help free Cuba. Invading the Philippines was not as easy as it appeared. Fierce resistance—not only of the Spanish colonizers but also of the Philippine freedom fighters.

f. Ooops, and now there is the question of Puerto Rico. (“Geeze,” my grandmother’s sister Gertrude from Germany declares, “Look at all these illegal Puerto Ricans taking over our little piece of Brooklyn!”)

g.

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r.s.

1. What do you think the people of the United States were concerned about during the decades after the Civil War?

2. However . . . Country bursting with the violence of labor unrest and agrarian discontent and unrest.

a. Populists kind of dying out—lost cause

b. Frederick Jackson Turner’s Frontier Thesis delivered to audiences starting in 1893—all students’ of U.S. history should be familiar with this work.

c. Turner explained how crucial the frontier—the West—had been in creating the American character—individualistic, tough, enterprising, adventuring and brave people who took risks—from beyond the pale in

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1763, to the Gold Rush and Utah Trail—but now (1893) the census had read that the frontier was tackled—closed—done. So now what?

"And now, four centuries from the discovery of America, at the end of a hundred years of life under the Constitution, the frontier has gone, and with its going has closed the first period of American history."I. Looking elsewhere—the “other” hemisphere1. Spanish- American war—kind of a “coming out” party. The U.S

was strong, ready and waiting to become the world power that providence had so allowed it to be.

2. Jingoism—xenophobia, nativism, extreme nationalism, chauvanism, see below.

3.

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4. Millions of people of color are under the flag of Uncle Sam. The debate on whether or not these people of color could become citizens or remain colonial subjects was hotly debated in the U.S. Some, not all, Anti Imperialist debated against colonial expansion because they regarded these new exotic people as “unassimilable.”

History of the Americas—back to the IB book—Part II, “United States Foreign Policy,” page 133

1. The Open Door Policy. (First, read the paragraph above in the text)a. What was going on in Europe and the Eastern Hemisphere that may have had

something to do with US policies? Please talk.b. China was not in good shape after the defeat by the Japanese in 1894-1895c. European powers, especially Germany and Russia moved in to carve up the

carcass—Japan was already there.d. Influenced by Brits and Americans alike that Washington do something

before the lucrative East Asian market get gobbled up by Germany and most worrisome, by Russian, Hay, Secretary of State acted.

e. Even though the US could not have militarily defended this brash statement . . .Britain was okay with it. It allowed both the US and Britain access to the China trade

Pretty much . . . Open your doors to use too—or else . Trading American style.

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f. Chinese didn’t quite like it. Boxer Rebellion broke out in 1900—Ultra patriotic Chinese who wanted foreign powers OUT. Troops from all over sent in—British, U.S. The Anglos win—however—Damage done Economic claims—China all but prostrate. US had a say in the eventual outcome—which of course pushed for the Open Door. Hay, “China would remain ‘nominally’ independent and this independence would include free trade.

II. The Big Stick

III. The Panama CanalIV. Venezuela, Santo Domingo & the Roosevelt CorollaryV. Responding to “extraterritoriality”VI.

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