COURSES OF STUDY

M.Sc. in Nanoscience

(2017-19)

NANO RESEARCH CENTRE SAMBALPUR UNIVERSITY

Jyoti Vihar, Burla - 768 019

Syllabus for M.Sc. Nanoscience – 2017-19

1st SEMESTER

COURSE No. COURSE CREDITS

NS-601 Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 4

NS-602 Surface,Colloid and Interface Science 4

NS-603 Introduction to Advance Biology 4

NS-604 Nanoscience and Environment 4

NS-605 Application of Computational Methods 3

NS-606 Synthesis of Nanomaterials 3

Total 22

2nd SEMESTER

NS-607 Quantum Chemistry 4

NS-608 Sensors and Devices 4

NS-609 Industrial Pollution and its Management 4

NS-610 Instrumental Methods for Characterization of Nanomaterials I 4

NS-611 Nanomaterial Lab 2

NS-612 Seminar 2

TOTAL 20

3rd SEMESTER

NS-701 Project Work 20

NS-702 Literature Review 10

TOTAL 30

4th SEMESTER

NS-703 Computational Approach and Molecular Modeling 4

NS-704 Semiconducting Nanomaterials and Applications 4

NS-705 Instrumental Methods for Characterization of Nanomaterials II 4

NS-706 Photophysical processes & spectroscopy 4

NS-707 Comprehensive Viva 2

TOTAL 18

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1STSEMESTER

NS-601 Introduction to Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 4

Unit I

Background to Nanoscience: Definition of Nano, Scientific revolution-Atomic Structure and

atomic size, emergence and challenges of nanoscience and nanotechnology, carbon age-new form

of carbon (CNT to Graphene), influence of nano over micro/macro, size effects and crystals, large

surface to volume ration, surface effects on the properties.

Unit II Types of nanostructure and properties of nanomaterials: Zero dimensional,One dimensional,

Two dimensional and Three dimensional nanostructured materials, Quantum Dots shell

structures, metal oxides, semiconductors, composites, mechanical-physical-chemical properties.

Unit III

Nanostructured Materials: Intermolecular forces during the formation of nanostructured

materials, Synthesis, sol – gel chemistry, general self-assemblies scheme, micro, meso and

macroporous materials, mesoporous and mesostructured materials, applications.

Unit IV

Application of Nanomaterial: Ferroelectric materials, coating, molecular electronics and

nanoelectronics, biological and environmental, membrane based application, polymer based

application.

References:

1. Chemistry of nanomaterials: Synthesis, properties and applications by CNR Rao et.al.

2. Intoduction to Nanotechnology- Charles P Poole & Frank J. Ownes.

3. Nanoparticles: From theory to applications – G. Schmidt, Wiley Weinheim 2004.

4. Instrument E L Principe, P Gnauck and P Hoffrogge, Microscopy and Microanalysis (2005), 11:

830‐ 831,Cambridge University Press.

5. Processing & properties of structural naonmaterials ‐ Leon L. Shaw.

Nanochemistry: A Chemical Approach to Nanomaterials, Royal Society of Chemistry,

Cambridge UK 2005.

6. Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Applications- Michael J. O'Connell

7. Nanotubes and Nanowires - CNR Rao and A Govindaraj RCS Publishing

8. Nanoscale Materials - Luis M. Liz-Marzán and Prashant V. Kamat

9. Carbon Nanomaterials for Environmental and Biological Applications, Bergmann and Machado,

Springer.

10. Nano: The Essentials: Understanding Nanoscience and Nanotecnology, T. Pradeep, Tata McGraw-

Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2008.

11. Recent Advances in the Liquid-phase syntheses of inorganic nanoparticles, Brain L. Cushing,

Vladimir L. Kolesnichenko, Charles J. O‟Connor, Chem Rev. 104 (2004) 3893-3946.

12. Nanochemistry: A Chemical Approach to Nanomaterials – Royal Society of Chemistry,

Cambridge, UK (2005).

NS-602 Surface, Colloid and Interface Science 4

Unit I

Surface Nanoscience: Introduction to surface active agents. Theory and applications. Types of

surfactants. Classification, synthesis of surfactant - Shape, size and structure of surfactants.

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Micelle, Emulsions, Microemulsions & Gels, hydrogels, Kraft temperature, surfactant geometry

and packing.

Unit II

Colloidal Nanoscience: Introduction to colloidal material, surface properties, origin of colloidal

particles, preparation & characterization of colloidal particles. Applications of super hydrophilic

hydrophobic surfaces, self-cleaning surfaces, Surface viscosity.

Unit III

Self-assembly of Interfaces: Basics of surface analysis (spectroscopy and microscopy),self-

assembly at Gas-Liquid, Liquid-Liquid, Liquid-Solid and Gas-Solid Interfaces, Surface tension,

Capillary action, Adsorption, types of adsorption, Langmuir adsorption isotherm, Gibbs

adsorption isotherm and Freundlich's adsorption isotherm, BET adsorption isotherm.

Unit IV

Nanoscience and Interface: Intermolecular Forces, Van der Waals forces (Kessorn, Debye, and

London Interactions). Dynamic properties of interfaces. Contact angle. Brownian motion, Surface

free energy.

References: 1. A.W. Adamson and A.P.Gast, Physical Chemistry of surfaces, Wiley Interscience, NY 2004.

2. P.C.Hiemen and R.Rajgopalam, Principle of colloid and surface Chemistry, NY MarcelDekker,

1997.

3. D.J.Shaw, Colloid and surface chemistry, Butterworth Heineman, Oxford,1992.

4. M. J. Rosen, Surfactant and Interfacial phenomena, Wiley Inter Science Publication, NY 2004.

NS-603 Introduction to Advance Biology 4

Unit I

Molecular Biochemistry: Biomolecular Structure and Stability. Biopolymers: DNA: structure,

geometry, topology and modification, Proteins: enzymes and structural proteins; lipids: fatty

acids, phospholipids, glycolipids, protein-lipid assembly and biomimetic nanostructures- lipid

nanoparticles.

Unit II

Molecular Recognition: polysaccharides, starch, cellulose, agar, agarose, pectin, xanthan.

Mechanism of enzyme action: enzyme kinetics, enzyme regulation.Chemical transformation

biomaterials.Construction of Nanomachines, Protein Folding, Self-Assembly, Self-Organization,

Unit III

Cell Biology: Cell Biology: Cell as unit of life. Tools and techniques. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

cells- Structure and functions. Ultrastructure of plant, animal and microbial cells. Cell membranes

& structures. Types of Cell division: Mitosis and Meiosis. Cell cycle and and its regulation.

Cytoskeletal proteins.

Unit IV Molecular Biology: Biological nanomachines and genetic material: Nucleic acid structure;

functional elements of DNA, Genome organization, DNA polymerases: DNA pol I , DNA pol II

and DNA pol III, helicases- ligases- topoisomerases, recombinase- transposase - mitotic spindle

and chromosome separation; RNA polymerases, RNA pol I , RNA pol II and RNA pol III.DNA

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Templated Electronics,Single Biomolecule Manipulation for Bioelectronics, DNA as a

semiconductor.

References: 1. Molecular Biology of the Cell, 5th Edition, Bruce Alberts.

2. Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson, Cox, Lehninger

3. R. Cantor, P.R.Samuel, ―Biophysical Chemistry, W.H., Freeman & Co., 1985.

4. Watson, James, T. Baker, S. Bell, A. Gann, M. Levine, and R. Losick - Molecular Biology of the

Gene‖, 5th ed., San Francisco: Addison-Wesley, 2000.

5. Alberts, Bruce, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, and Peter Walter.

Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th ed. New York: Garland Science, 2002.

6. Bio-Inspired Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Edited by Yong Zhou, Nova Publishers.

NS-604 Nanoscience and Environment 4

Unit I

Environment Related Case Studies on Nanomaterials: Screening of nanomaterials for

understanding potential effects to human health and the environment. Mapping of the

environmental fate of nanomaterials. Relationships between key properties of nanomaterials and

their environmental fate, transport, transformation, bio-distribution, toxicity.

Unit II

Environmental Impact Nanomaterials: Properties of nanomaterials: antibacterial, antifungal

and antiviral. Use of nanomaterial in textiles and cosmetics, fabrics, plastics and other consumer

products, such as vehicles, sport equipment, coating, integrated circuits for electronics. Transport

of nanomaterials and their interaction with the environment.

Unit III

Environmental Pollution by Nanoparticles: Health impact, safety and toxicological effects

transport of nanomaterials in soil/sediments. Fate and transport of nanomaterials and how they

interact with the environment. Study of physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials

influencing their behaviour in the environment and in biological systems.

Unit IV

Application to Environment:Nanotechnology for waste reduction and improved energy

efficiency, nanotechnology based water treatment strategies. Nanoporous polymers and their

applications in water purification. Screening of nanomaterials for understanding potential effect

of to human health and the environment. Nanotoxicology.

References: 1. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, Volume 1: Nanotechnology and Health

Risk Editors: Lichtfouse, Schwarzbauer, Robert

2. Advances in Nanotechnology and the Environment, Juyoung Kim, CRC Press, Taylor and

Francis Group.

NS-605 Application of Computational Methods 3

1. Development of chemical library and screening of promising compounds using computer

assisted drug design (CADD) techniques.

2. Simulation of nanocomposite and analysis using molecular dynamic (MD) simulation.

3. Encapsulation of nanoparticle and interaction studies using molecular simulation.

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4. Isolation of DNA and separation using Gel electrophoresis.

5. Isolation of protein and separation using Gel electrophoresis.

6. Interaction of ligand-protein, protein-protein, protein-DNA using molecular simulation.

NS-606 Synthesis of Nanomaterials 3

1. Synthesis of Silver nanoparticles and metal oxide nanoparticles.

2. Characterization of prepared metal oxide nanoparticles by UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD

and determination of their size by Scherre’s Equation.

3. Synthesis of Polymeric Nanocomposite.

2ND SEMESTER

NS-607 Quantum Chemistry 4

Unit I

Basic of Quantum Mechanics: Wave-particle duality, Uncertainty Principle, Operator in

Quantum Mechanics, Schrodinger equation and the postulates of quantum mechanics.

Unit II

Application: Application of the Schrodinger equation to Particle in a box, Harmonic oscillators

and Rigid rotator.

Unit II

Approximate Methods & Angular Momentum: The variation theorem, Time independent

perturbation of non-degenerate systems, Ordinary angular momentum, Generalized angular

momentum.

Unit IV

Quantum Computation: Concept of Quantum Computation: Molecular Dynamics simulation,

Energy minimization.

References: 1. Introductory Quantum Chemistry by A.K. Chandra

2. Fundamental of Quantum Chemistry by Prasad

3. Molecular Modeling: Principles and Applications, 2nd Edition by Andrew Leach

NS-608 Sensors and Devices 4

Unit I

Introduction to sensors: Basic principles, Forces of interactions (Covalent and non-covalent),

Fundamental sensing processes (electrical, chemical, molecular sensors). Transduction processes

(PET, ICT, FRET, ESIPT, electrochemical redox process etc.).

Unit II

Chemosensor: Introduction to chemosensor, Design of chemosensor for cations, anions, neutral

molecules, different sensing techniques: Fluorescence sensors, colorimetric sensors, electro-

chemical sensors, Array-based sensors, molecular switches, Gas sensor.

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Unit III

Biosensors: Surface modification for biological application, Magnetic Nanoparticles for Imaging

and Therapy, Photodetectors, Detection in biosensors (fluorescence, absorption, electrochemical),

Integration of various Techniques, Clinical diagnostics, generation of biosensors. Nanomaterial

based biosensors. Biosensors based on nucleotides and DNA, Protein-based sensing platforms,

Biosensors for drug discovery, Bioindicators and biosensors for detection of pollution.

Unit IV

Physical sensors: Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) pros and cons, piezoelectric

sensors, pressure sensors, electrical sensors, improvement of quality factor, folded inductors,

variable inductor and polymer based inductor. MEMS Capacitors: MEMS gap tuning capacitor,

MEMS area tuning capacitor, Dielectric Tunable capacitors.

References 1. Chemical Sensors and Biosensors; Brian, R Eggins; Wiley; New York, Chichester, 2002.

2. Biosensors: A Practical Approach, J. Cooper & C. Tass, Oxford University Press, 2004.

3. Nanomaterials for Biosensors, Cs. Kumar, Wiley – VCH, 2007.

4. Smart Biosensor Technology, G.K. Knoff, A.S. Bassi, CRC Press, 2006.

5. Nanotechnology - Enabled Sensors, Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh and Benjamin Fry, Springer (2008).

6. Biosensor: A Practical Approach, J. Cooper & C. Tass, Oxford University Press, 2004.

7. Nanomaterials for Biosensors, Cs. Kumar, Wiley‐VCH, 2007.

8. Smart Biosensor Techonology ,G.K. Knoff , A.S. Bassi, CRC Press, 2006

9. Supramolecular Chemistry from Molecules to Nanomaterials, Gale and Steed, 2012.

10. Modern Supramolecular Chemistry, Diederich, Stang, Tykwinski, 2008.

11. J. W. Steed, D. R. Turner, K. J. Wallace, Core Concepts in Supramolecular Chemistry and

Nanochemistry, John Wiley & Sons, 2007

12. Steed, J. W., and Atwood, J. L., Supramolecular Chemistry, Wiley, Chichester, 2009

NS-609 Industrial Pollution and its Management 4

Unit I Concept and definition of Industrial pollution: History of major industrial air pollution episodes. Types

and classification of Industrial air pollutants. Characterization of gaseous effluents of major industries

(thermal power plant, steel, cement, aluminum, paper, fertiliser) and their health effects. Permissible limit

and ambient air quality, Methods for control of gaseous air pollutants (Combustion, Absorption and

Adsorption). Methods for control of particulate air pollutants (Mechanical device, Filtration, Dry scrubber,

Electrostatic precipitator)

Unit II History of major industrial water pollution episodes: Classification and types of Industrial water

pollutants, Characterization of some liquid effluents of major polluting industries (Paper Mills, Sugar

industry, Iron and steel and Textile) and their health effects, Water quality standard: Drinking water quality

standard, Irrigation water standard and effluent standard.

Unit III Methods of treatment of industrial waste water: Preliminary treatment, primary treatment,

(Sedimentation, equalization and neutralization etc.), secondary treatment (Activated sludge technique and

Trickling filter) tertiary treatment methods for waste water treatment (Evaporation, Ion exchange,

Adsorption, Electrodialysis, Electrolytic recovery, reverse osmosis).

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Unit IV Classifications and types of Industrial solid wastes: Generation, disposal and management of industrial

solid wastes with special reference to fly ash, red mud, heavy metals (Mercury, Lead, Arsenic, Cadmium),

other organic solid wastes and radio-active wastes. Industrial sources of noise, Loudness on Decibel scale,

noise levels in decibel scale, effect of noise on human health, prevention and control of industrial noise

pollution.

References: 1. Industrial Pollution and Management by Arvind Kumar

2. Industrial Pollution and its Management by P.C. Trivedi

NS-610 Instrumental Methods for Characterization of Nanomaterials I 4

Unit I

Chromatography Methods: Introduction to chromatography, Basic principles, instrumentation

and Applications of different chromatography (TLC, HPTLC, column chromatography, paper

chromatography, Gas chromatography and HPLC).

Unit II

Spectroscopic Methods: Basic concepts of spectroscopy, operational principle and application

for analysis of nanomaterials, UV-VIS Spectrophotometers, Principle of operation and application

for band gap measurement, Photoluminescence, Fluorescence, Phosphorescence,

Electroluminescence. Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy and Applications.

Unit III Microscopic Methods: Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy

(SEM), Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), EDAX

analysis.

Unit IV

X-Ray Diffraction: X-ray diffraction techniques, Principle and applications, Bragg’s law,

Determination of accurate lattice parameters, structure analysis, profile analysis, particle size

analysis using Scherer formula.

References: 1. A Guide to Materials Characterization and Chemical Analysis by John P. Sibilia

2. X-Ray Diffraction by C. Suryanarayana, C., Norton, M. Grant

3. Electron Microscopy and Analysis by Peter Goodhew

4. Analytical Chemistry (Theory and Practical), U.N. Dash

5. Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds, Silverstein &Basselr

6. Organic Spectroscopy by V.K. Ahluwalia

NS-611 Nanomaterial Laboratory Practical 2

1. Synthesis of Nanoferroelectric materials.

2. Synthesis of colloidal Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au) nanoparticles and their characterization by

UV-Vis spectroscopy.

3. Synthesis of at least two different sizes of Nickel Oxide Nano Particles Using Sol-Gel Method.

4. Synthesis of at least two different sizes of Copper Oxide Nano Particles Using Sol-Gel

Method.

5. Synthesis of at least two different sizes of Zinc Oxide Nano Particles Using Sol-Gel Method.

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NS-612 Seminar 2

Each candidate shall present a seminar on recent topics in a departmental seminar during a period

not exceeding 15 minutes. Performance of the candidates in the seminar shall be evaluated jointly

by Examiners.

3RD SEMESTER

NS-701 Project Work 20

Each candidate shall carry out some investigative research work under the supervision of one or

more mentor(s), who may be Teacher/Guest Teacher of University/Scientist of any recognized

research institute. The work may be carried out either in the University itself or in any recognized

research institute, with the approval of the appropriate authority of the University. Duration of the

work shall be eight weeks (approximately 200 hours). The findings of the project work should be

submitted in the form of a dissertation for evaluation by a Board of Examiners followed by a

presentation through a seminar.

NS-702 Literature Review 20

The candidates shall carry out review work on literatures published in the last five years on a

special topics assigned to them by the guide. They can also choose a topic of their choice and

approved by the guide. They should submit the review to the course coordinator and the

performance of the candidates shall be evaluated by the committee including the guide.

4TH SEMESTER

NS-703 Computational Approach and Molecular Modeling 4

UNIT I

Introduction to chemical informatics: Application in pharmaceutical industry; Representation

of 2D structures; Atom lookup and connection tables; SMILES; SD files; Fragment codes and

Fingerprints; 2D chemical database applications, Substructure searching with SMARTS,

Similarity searching with fingerprints; Representing 3D structures. Sources of 3D information;

Experimental 3D databases; Conformational flexibility; Distance matrices; Estimation of 3D

structure; Conformational search and minimization; 3D descriptors and fingerprint.

Unit II

High-Throughput chemistry (CombiChem): Synthesis and library design of pharmacologically

active molecules and nanomaterials, Virtual high-throughput screening; De-novo design system:

Experimental validation; Computational models for ADME/Tox, Application of predictive

models to pharmacology and toxicity testing; Target identification and characterization, Structure

based process for designing drug molecules (docking algorithms, MM-GBSA, MM-PBSA, LIE-

SGB.

Unit III

Molecular descriptors: Kinds of descriptor (2D, 3D descriptors); Quantitative structure-property

relationships (QSPR): Feature selection, Model building, examples of QSPR studies and

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application; QSAR in drug design: QSAR methodology, QSAR applications in drug design,

QSAR model selection and validation, CoMFA, 3D and nD-QSAR methods.

Unit IV

Computer simulation methods: Molecular dynamics simulations, Conformational Search and

Conformational Analysis, Structure-Based Drug Design: Protein Structure preparation, Ligand

structure preparation, Homology modeling, Molecular docking.

Suggested Readings:

1. A.R. Leach and V.J. Gillet: An Introduction to Chemoinformatics, Kluwer Academic

Publishers, The Netherland.

2. Molecular Modelling: Principle and Application, 2nd Ed. By Andrew R. Leach, Addison-

Wesley Longman Ltd, (February 2001) ISBN: 0582382106.

3. John Gasteiger: Handbook of Chemoinformatics (Vol-1,2,3 & 4), Wiley-VCH Publisher

4. Johann Gasteiger and Thomas Engel: Chemoinformatics A Textbook, Wiley-VCH

Publisher, 2003, ISBN-3-527-3068-1

NS-704 Semiconducting Nanomaterials and Applications 4

Unit I

Semiconductors and devices: Introduction to semiconductor devices, Conducting and

semiconducting nanomaterials, Synthesis and characterizations of organic semiconductors and

nanomaterials, band gap engineering. Doping of semiconductors. Application of semiconducting

devices. Electronic devices and coating. High temperature resistant organic/inorganic polymers.

Unit II

Nanomaterials and applications: Nanomaterials for solar energy Conversion, Development and

characterizations, Principles of photovoltaic energy conversion (PV), Types of photovoltics Cells,

Physical concept of photovoltaic cells, p-n junction, Application of metal oxides for PV devices,

Dye-sensitized solar cells, Organic solar cells, Organic-inorganic hybrid (perovskite) solar cells,

Current status and future prospects.

Unit III

Structure properties of polymeric nanomaterials and applications: Structure-property

relationship, stress-strain behavior, crystalline melting point, effect of chain flexibility and other

steric factors, entropy and heat of fusion, glass transition temperature, relationship between Tm

and Tg. Effect of molecular weight, property requirements and its utilization. Synthetic procedure

commercial polymers (polycarbonate, polyurethane, polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylene-

terpthalate, Nylon, polystyrene), Fire retarding and biomedical polymers.

Unit IV

Liquid Crystals and Displays: Material developments (synthesis and characterizations), Types

of mesophases, Function, Electronic Properties, Applications of nanostructure materials in display

and organic electronics.

References: 1. Solar cells: Operating principles, technology and system applications by Martin A Green, Prentice

Hall Inc, Englewood Cliffs, NJ, USA, 1981.

2. Semiconductor for solar cells, H J Moller, Artech House Inc, MA, USA, 1993.

3. Solis state electronic device, Ben G Streetman, Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd., New Delhi 1995.

9

4. Organic Photovoltaics – Materials, Device Physics and Manufacturing Technologies, (eds. C.

Brabec, V. Dyakonov, U. Scherf), 2nd Ed., Wiley-VCH, Germany, 2014.

5. Polymer Science, V. R. Gowariker, N.V. Viswanathan and J. Sreedhar, John Wiley & Sons, 1986.

6. Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals, eds. D. Demus, J. W. Goodby, G. W. Gray, H. W. Spiess,

V. Vill, Wiley-VCH Weinheim, 1999.

7. Introduction to Liquid Crystals: Chemistry and Physics, Eds. P. J. Collings, M. Hird, Taylor &

Francis Ltd. USA, 1997.

8. Structure and Properties of Liquid-Crystal Nanomaterials, Springer Series in Materials Science in

Liquid-Crystal Nanomaterials, 2018.

NS-705 Instrumental Methods for Characterization of Nanomaterials II 4

UNIT I

Resonance and Electroanalytical Method: Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy (ESR),

Theory and Instrumentation, g-values, hyperfine splitting, ESR spectra of nanomaterials with one

and more unpaired electrons, Cyclic voltammetry and Polarographic techniques,

Conductiometric.

UNIT II

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Magnetic properties of nuclei, Theory of magnetic nuclear

resonance with special reference to proton, Instrumentation, Chemical shift, Simple spin-spin

interaction, Shielding effects, Diamagnetic anisotropy, NOE, 13C, 15N, 19F, 31P NMR

(preliminary idea). Applications of NMR Spectroscopy, Dynamic Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.

UNIT III

Mass Spectrometry: Introduction and Principles, Determination of molecular formulae, Parent

peak, Base peak, Use of molecular fragmentation, Mass spectra of some classes of compounds,

instrumentation of LCMS, GCMS, ESI-MS, MALDI-TOF, HRMS, Applications in material

science.

UNIT IV

Thermal Analysis Methods: Principle and Instrumentation of Thermogravimetric analysis

(TGA), factors affecting TGA curve, Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Differential

scanning calorimetry (DSC), Importance of thermal analysis for nanostructures.

References 1. Spectroscopic Identification of Organic Compounds: Silverstein & Basselor

2. Organic Spectroscopy by V.K. Ahluwalia

3. Spectroscopy by Donald L. Pavia, Gary M. Lampman, and George S. Kriz

NS-706 Photophysical processes & spectroscopy 4

Unit I

Basic of Photophysical processes: Importance of photochemistry, Laws of photochemistry,

photochemistry of nanomaterials, Interaction between light and matter, electronic energy states of atoms,

spectroscopic terms for electronic states, Symmetry and notation for excited states of organic molecules,

Electric dipole transition, Absorption and emission phenomena, Time-dependent Schrödinger equation,

the rules governing the transitions between two energy states, Nature of changes on electronic excitation,

Electronic, vibrational and rotational energies, potential energy diagram, shapes of absorption band and

Frank-Condon principle, emission spectra, environmental effect on absorption and emission spectra,

excited state dipole moment.

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Unit II Types of photophysical pathways: Radiationless transitions-internal conversion and intersystem

crossing, fluorescence emission, delayed fluorescence, Fluorescence quenching, Theory of Collisional

Quenching, Derivation of the Stern-Volmer Equation, Theory of static and dynamic quenching, Combined

dynamic and static quenching, Examples of static and dynamic quenching, deviations from the Stern-

Volmer equation, Quenching sphere of action, Derivation of the quenching sphere of action, Effects of

steric shielding and charge on quenching, Fractional accessibility to quenchers, Applications of quenching

to proteins and membranes, Characteristics of resonance energy transfer, Theory of energy transfer for a

donor–acceptor pair, Distance measurements using FRET.

Unit III Principles & techniques of fluorescence spectroscopy: Steady state spectrofluorometers & TCSPC

spectrofluorometers and its applications, brief concept and applications of fluorescence anisotropy &

fluorescence lifetime.

Unit IV Raman spectroscopy: Theory of Raman spectra, Rotational Raman spectra, Vibrational Raman spectra,

Rotational-Vibrational Raman spectra, comparison with IR spectra.

References:

1. Fundamentals of Photochemistry by K. K. Rohatagi-Mukherjee

2. Molecular Photochemistry by N. J. Turro,

3. Principles of Photochemistry by J.A. Baltrop & J.D. Coyle

4. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy by J. R. Lakowicz

5. Spectroscopy Vol. I & II by Walker & Straw

6. Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy by C.N. Banwell

7. Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy by G.M. Barrow

NS-707 Comprehensive Viva 2

Comprehensive viva-voce examination shall be conducted jointly by the external and internal

Examiners. Short questions on the theoretical principles, experimental methodologies and

instrumentations etc. of the different experiments included in the entire practical/project syllabus

of semesters-I, -II, -III and -IV may be asked, Maximum time for viva-voce examination of a

candidate shall not normally exceed 15 minutes.