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Course Title

Thermolite Inc.3502 W. Sample Street

South Bend, IN. 46619

Tel:574-234-4004

Fax:574-234-4005

www.thermolitewindows.com

Steve Champlin

President

Thermolite Inc.

Interior Window Retrofit Study on Historic Buildings in Washington DC.

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Purpose and Objectives

Purpose: Provide an overview of the significant role of interior window systems have in

energy savings, efficiency, security and comfort for historic sites and to provide some case

studies of the results.

1. What is an interior window retrofit?

2. Why retrofit windows?

3. What are the design considerations?

Case Studies:

1. Department of Interior

2. Sidney Yates Building

3. Federal Reserve

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What is an Interior Window Retrofit?

• Often called Secondary Glazing.

• Reuse existing glass.

• Create an insulating air gap.

• Install modern interior glazing

with argon fill and low-e coating.

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Why Retrofit Windows?

http://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/sustainability-and-resource-productivity/our-insights/greenhouse-gas-abatement-cost-curves

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The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation

Illustrated Guidelines on Sustainability for Rehabilitating Historic Buildings 2011

WINDOWS

NOT RECOMMENDED

• Neglecting to maintain historic windows and allowing them to deteriorate beyond repair

with the result that they must be replaced.

• Removing repairable historic windows and replacing them with new windows for

perceived improvement in energy performance.

• Replacing repairable historic windows with new insulated windows.

RECOMMENDED

• Maintaining windows on a regular basis to ensure that they function properly and are

completely operable.

• Retaining and repairing historic windows when deteriorated.

• Weather stripping and caulking historic windows, when appropriate, to make them

weather tight.

• Installing interior or exterior storm windows or panels that are compatible with existing

historic windows.

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Features and Benefits

Low installation cost compared to other window options: Typical installations are 50%

less expensive than new glazing and are more energy efficient.

Reduces or eliminates air infiltration through older window openings:

Accounts for 30% of overall savings- improves life of existing window.

Are made from aluminum and glass materials: 40 year lifecycle cost and long warranty

period.

Reduces the heating and cooling demand load in the facility: Savings from HVAC

capacity reduction often times offset window retrofit cost by 100%.

Allows control of solar energy into the building in winter months:

Between glass blinds can be opened and closed which will allow visible light into the

building and creating heat gain.

Increases comfort of the occupants / reduces sound transmission:

Will reduce this and limit the amount of street noise to up to a STC 49. Improves U Value –

SHGC and Eliminates UV.

Will last the lifetime of the building: Insulation will not need to be replaced or

maintained.

Physical Security Options: Blast / Hurricane / Sound and Wireless Cyber Defense

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Design Consideration #1 - Performance

• Thermal performance improvement using LBNL Window and Daylighting software. WINDOW 7.4 and THERM 7.3

• Thermal Imaging is performed on the mockup to measure and verify improvement.

• Whole building performance using DOE software called eQUEST.

• What are the blast requirements per the Interagency Security Code (ISC 2010)- typically 4psi and 28psi*ms.

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Design Consideration #1 - Performance

ENERGY METRICS

U Value / Conduction: Q = ΔT * A * R

Solar Heat Gain / Radiation:

Air Infiltration / Convection: Measured in cfm per square foot

BLAST METRICS – WINGARD Software

Pressure: Measured in PSI

Impulse: Measured in PSI*MS

HURRICANE METRICS

Pressure: Measured in PSF

SIGNAL DEFENSE

Attenuation: Measured on a logarithmic scale over MZ to GH range.

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EQUEST Results – Total Consumption

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EQUEST Results – By Location

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Design Consideration #2 - Sightlines

• Match mullions and minimize interior frame.

• Interior glass size maximized.

• No change when outside looking into building.

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Design Consideration #3 - Color

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Historic Blast Windows in Washington DC.

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Department of the Interior – Main Interior Building Stewart Lee Udall - 1936

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Blast Test at Energetic Materials Research and Testing Center

Socorro New Mexico

• Test “fixture” w an open air blast of 600 lbs of TNT at “approximately” 100 feet.

• Constructed from Indiana limestone, actual brick from building and hard wood window replica.

• Approximated the actual conditions in the building.

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Blast Test at Energetic Materials Research and Testing Center

Socorro New Mexico

Existing window destroyed and is captured by the interior window which is designed to break and defer the full blast load over 40 ms.

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Installed Into the Building

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Operable Window

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Results at 1849 C Street – Main Interior Building

• 4,250 windows retrofitted

• Largest blast window installation since the Pentagon

• Operable, historic blast/energy window

• 40 year useful life per GSA

• Reduced investment in heating capacity

• Matched wood grains in historic areas

• Frame designed to match window trim in the building

• Required no structural steel reinforcing in existing buildings reducing total cost by 50%.

• Total project cost of $10mm financed through a UESP and ESCO.

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Forestry Department

Sidney Yates Building - 1879

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Interior Window Installation

Radiant heat replaced by steam convection units and reduced heating capacity by 47%.

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Utility Savings at Sidney Yates Building

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Results at Sidney Yates Building

• Approximately 800 windows retrofitted

• Permanent Blast Solution – next to the Holocaust Museum

• Total utility (steam-electric) consumption reduced by 23%

• Steam reduced by 33% and electric by 8%

• Perimeter heating units reduced by 47% - 500 units replaced by 267

• Blast blinds removed for natural daylighting

• Light was used to illuminate open interior during 2015 remodel

• Sound reduced from street - Independence and 14th

• Historical Preservation team at GSA reviewed

• Savings of over $110,000 per year

• Total project cost of $2.2mm

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Federal Reserve Bank Board of GovernorsMarriner Eccles Building - 1937

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Federal Reserve Bank – Mariner Eccles Building

Thermal break created by placing interior window in front of existing.

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Federal Reserve Board Room

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Blast Catch System Installation

Existing window sightlines are matched and individual lites of laminated

glass are placed into interior frame and blast catch system is installed. The

blast hardware is then concealed with a color matched cover.

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Thermal Performance

Thermal Imaging shows heat flowing from the interior of the building

through glass and frames. Untreated windows on the ground floor are

losing heat 3 times faster than with the Thermolite system.

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Results at the Federal Reserve

• Approximately 500 windows retrofitted – entire building

• Permanent blast solution without structural steel

• Total utility (steam-electric) consumption reduced by over 20%

• Perimeter heating units reduced

• Condensation reduced

• Total project cost of $2.7mm

THANK YOU

QUESTIONS?