COURSE OUTLINE

Physics

Rutherford High SchoolRutherford, New Jersey

I. BASIC PHILOSOPHY Recognizing that a student's attitudes or feelings about physics are just as important in the long run as his or her acquisition of specific physical concepts, it is our goal to instill in our students the belief that physics is an exciting, relevant, human activity that can be enjoyable to study. To this end, the extensive use of laboratory experimentation, demonstrations and other hands-on activities are an integral part of the course.

II. METHODS EMPLOYED direct teacher instruction demonstrations laboratory experiments mini-activities (e.g. simulations) and laboratories computer-assisted instruction cooperative learning - problem solving filmstrips and videos library research problem and question & answer sessions homework

III. TEXT Physics: Principles and Problems: Murphy, Hollon, Zitzewitz,

and Smoot. Pub. Merrill - 1995

IV. BEHAVIORAL OBJECTIVES At the completion of this course students should be able to:1a 1. describe and discuss the subdivisions of physics.1b 2. outline the five steps of the scientific method.1cde 3. describe the metric units of measure.1f 4. perform calculations using scientific notation.1ghij 5. define and calculate the accuracy and precision of a group of measurements.2ab 6. identify and apply appropriate mathematical operations to

solve physics problems.2c 7. draw a graph showing a relationship between two variables.2def 8. interpret a graph showing a relationship between two

variables.

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2g 9. given a right triangle, solve for one of the sides using the Pythagorean theorem.

2g 10. given a right triangle, solve for one of the angles or one of the sides using basic trigonometry.

3b 11. differentiate between a scalar and a vector quantity, and identify the components of each quantity.

3c 12. add vectors using the graphical method.3bef 13. differentiate between speed and velocity.3bef 14. define speed and velocity in terms of distance, displacement

and time.3ef 15. differentiate between instantaneous speed and average

speed.3ef 16. differentiate between instantaneous velocity and average

velocity.3g 17. describe acceleration in terms of the rate of change of

velocity.3hi 18. describe the factors which can cause an object to accelerate.3j 19. describe the motion of an object in free fall from rest.4a 20. draw and interpret a position-time graph for constant

velocity.4bc 21. obtain the slope of a position-time graph at any point to

obtain the instantaneous velocity.4d 22. recognize that the slope of a velocity-time graph for constant

velocity is zero.4ef 23. draw and interpret a position-time graph and a velocity-time graph for uniform acceleration.4g 24. recognize that the slope of an acceleration-time graph for

uniform acceleration is zero.5a 25. define net force.5b 26. state Newton's first law of motion.5c 27. state Newton's second law of motion.5d 28. estimate the magnitude of several common forces in newtons and in pounds.5e 29. distinguish among mass, volume and weight.5f 30. explain the similarities and differences between

gravitational mass and inertial mass.5g 31. describe the effect of friction on a moving object.

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5h 32. state the relation between acceleration and net force.3

5i 33. apply Newton's second law to explain why the acceleration of

an object in free fall does not depend upon the mass of the object.5i 34. state Newton's third law of motion.5i 35. given an action force, identify the reaction force.6a-e 36. determine the resultant of any two forces acting

concurrently.6b-eh 37. resolve a single force into two appropriate components at

right angles.6f-g 38. use the fact that for objects in translational equilibrium, the

resultant force is zero, and solve equilibrium problems when one force is known and the directions of two others are implied.6i 39. calculate a coefficient of friction.6j 40. use the sine rule to calculate the resultant of two or more

vectors.7ab 41. explain why a projectile moves equal distances horizontally

in equal time intervals, when air resistance can be neglected.7ab 42. for a projectile, describe the changes in the horizontal and

vertical components of its velocity, when air resistance can be neglected.7c 43. define and calculate centripetal acceleration.7c 44. distinguish between centripetal and centrifugal forces.7d 45. explain how the speed of a satellite in circular orbit around

the earth is related to the distance an object falls in the firstsecond due to gravity.

7d 46. explain why the force of gravity does not cause a change in the speed of a satellite in circular orbit.

7d 47. describe how the speed of a satellite changes for different portions of an elliptical orbit.

7d 48. describe what is meant by escape speed.7e 49. define and identify harmonic motion.8a 50. explain Kepler's laws of planetary motion.8b 51. state Newton's law of universal gravitation.8c 52. explain the significance of an inverse-square law.8bcd 53. describe how a belief in the validity of the law of universal

gravitation led to the discovery of two planets.8e 54. describe the experiment developed by Cavendish to verify

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the existence of gravitational forces between masses.8f 55. describe a gravitational field.8f 56. describe the gravitational field of the earth both inside and

outside the earth's surface.8g 57. define and give examples of Einstein's first and second

postulates of special relativity.9a 58. define momentum.9a 59. define impulse and relate it to momentum.9b 60. describe Newton's third law in conjunction with conservation

of momentum.9ce 61. state the law of conservation of momentum.9ce 62. give an example of how the vector nature of momentum

affects the law of conservation of momentum.9d 63. distinguish between an elastic and an inelastic collision.10a 64. define energy in terms of work.10b 65. determine the amount of work done, given the force and the

distance moved.10c 66. determine the amount of power required, given the work

done and the time required.10d 67. describe the six simple machines: lever, pulley, screw, wheel

and axle, inclined plane and wedge.10e 68. explain how the mechanical advantage of a simple machine

is calculated.10e 69. given examples in which the mechanical advantage of a

machine is (a) greater than 1 and (b) less than 1.11a 70. define energy in terms of work.11bcd 71. distinguish among mechanical energy, potential energy, and

kinetic energy.11bc 72. give examples of situations in which (a) the gravitational

potential energy changes and (b) does not change, even though something is moved.

11d 73. describe how the kinetic energy of an object depends upon the speed of the object.

11e 74. state the law of conservation of energy.11e 75. use energy relationships and conservation of energy in the

analysis and solution of problems.11f 76. describe the potential and kinetic energy changes involved in

both elastic and inelastic collisions.

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12a 77. describe the kinetic theory of matter.

12b 78. describe the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy.

12c 79. explain what determines whether heat will flow into or out of a substance.12de 80. use the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales for reporting

temperatures, in problem-solving, and in discussions of temperature measurement.12fi 81. apply the first law of thermodynamics - the law of heat

exchange - in laboratory and problem solving.12g 82. apply the second law of thermodynamics - the concept of

entropy or random disorder - in laboratory and problem solving.12h 83. define, measure and use the concept of specific heat in

laboratory and problem solving.12j 84. describe and calculate energy changes associated with

changes in state.13a 85. describe what determines the pressure of a liquid at any

point.13a 86. explain what causes a buoyant force on a submerged object.13a 87. relate the buoyant force on an immersed object with the

weight of fluid it displaces.13a 88. describe what determines whether an object will sink or float in a liquid.13a 89. determine the weight of fluid displaced by a floating object,

given the weight of the object.13a 90. describe how Pascal's principle can be applied to increase the

force of a fluid on a liquid.13b 91. describe how an increase in the velocity of a fluid causes the

pressure exerted by that fluid to decrease (Bernoulli's principle)13d 92. describe the factors which cause surface tension of a liquid.13e 93. explain energy changes involved in evaporation and

condensation of a liquid.13cfi 94. distinguish among solids, liquids, gases, and plasma.

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13g 95. distinguish between an elastic material and an inelastic material.

13h 96. obtain the coefficient of linear expansion for a given material both mathematically and experimentally.14a 97. distinguish between longitudinal and transverse waves.14bc 98. identify wave characteristics such as amplitude, period,

frequency, wavelength and phase.14d 99. explain the changes in speed of a sound wave and an

electromagnetic wave in various media.14e 100. describe the behavior of a wave at a boundary.14g 101. distinguish between constructive and destructive

interference.14h 102. define a standing wave and explain how it occurs.14i 103. apply the law of reflection to predict wave paths and optical effects.14ij 104. distinguish between reflection and refraction.14k 105. describe diffraction and conditions necessary to produce it.14k 106. discuss interference of waves in terms of the superposition

principle.15a 107. describe the conditions necessary to generate sound.15b 108. relate the pitch of a sound to frequency.15c 109. give examples of forced vibrations.15d 110. describe the conditions for resonance and give several

examples.15f 111. describe the relationship between pitch and frequency,

intensity and loudness, and quality and harmonic content.16ab 112. describe the properties of light.16b 113. explain that light is a form of electromagnetic radiation

having a speed of approximately 3 x 108 m/s.16c 114. explain what happens to light when it enters a substance and

how the frequency of the light affects what happens.16d 115. describe the photoelectric effect.16e 116. describe an electromagnetic wave, give examples, and cite

their similarities and differences.16f 117. describe what factors determine whether a material will

reflect or transmit light of particular colors.16g 118. explain why polarizing sunglasses are helpful in reducing sun

glare from horizontal surfaces such as water and roads.

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16h 119. explain why colors in thin soap films are formed.17a 120. describe the two laws of reflection.17b 121. differentiate between diffuse and regular reflection.17c 122. differentiate between reflection and refraction of light.17d 123. discuss refraction in terms of speed change and make

predictions using the law of refraction and Snell's Law.17e 124. experimentally calculate the index of refraction of light

through a given medium.17f 125. relate critical angle to total internal reflection.17g 126. describe factors which cause light dispersion.18a 127. analyze images formed by plane mirrors.18b-g 128. define the terminology of curved mirrors.18b-g 129. describe the location of image points formed by concave and

convex mirrors.18b-g 130. do problem solving with the mirror equation.18h-k 131. define the terminology of lenses.18h-k 132. analyze the formation of images by ray diagrams.18h-k 133. solve object-image problems.18h-k 134. calculate the magnification of images.18l 135. derive the lens equation.18m 136. explain how chromic aberration limits the sharpness of an

image on the film of a camera.18n 137. explain the construction of optical devices such as the

telescope and microscope.18n 138. calculate the power of a pair of glasses given distances that

can be seen with and without glasses.19a 139. describe the conditions for visible diffraction of waves.19b 140. solve problems based on the relationship between

wavelength and diffraction angle.19c 141. distinguish between single slit and double slit interference.19d 142. discuss double refraction.19e 143. discuss the resolving power of a lens in terms of wavelength

of light and width of the lens.20ab 144. explain, from the point of view of electron transfer, how an object becomes either positively charged or negatively charged, and relate this to the net charge.20c 145. distinguish among a conductor, insulator and semiconductor.20e 146. describe electrical forces between objects.

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20f 147. describe the relation among the electrical force between two charged objects, their charge, and the distance between the

objects.20g 148. relate the unit of charge, the Coulomb, to the number of

electrons.20h 149. differentiate between charging by induction and by

conduction.21ab 150. describe how the strength of an electric field at two different

points can be compared.21ab 151. describe how the direction of an electric field at a point is

determined.21c 152. explain why a charged object in an electric field is considered

to have electric potential energy.21c 153. calculate the work needed to move a charge in an electric

field.21de 154. describe Millikan's oil drop experiment and the results of this experiment.21f 155. describe the sharing of charge by electrical conduction.21g 156. explain how the electric field around a conducting body

depends on the structure and shape of the body.21h 157. describe the function and design of a capacitor.22a 158. discuss the nature of electric current in terms of charge.22b 159. determine whether current will pass through a bulb, given a

diagram showing the bulb connected by wire to a battery.22c 160. relate current to electric power using the power equation.22d 161. state Ohm's law verbally and mathematically and use this

relationship in problem solving.22e 162. be able to diagram an electric circuit given the number of

resistors, batteries, etc. and their positions with respect to each other.22f 163. relate the current at any point in a series circuit to the

current at any other point.22f 164. relate the current in the lead to a parallel circuit to the

current in each branch.22g 165. explain the relationship between heat energy and resistance.22g 166. discuss power dissipation in an electric circuit.22h 167. discuss the transfer of energy in an electric circuit.

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22i 168. calculate the cost of energy consumption using the power equation and cost per kilowatt hour.

23ace 169. distinguish between series and parallel circuits.23b 170. calculate voltage drop across a resistor in a series circuit.23f 171. use ammeters, voltmeters, and ohmmeters in the laboratory.24a 172. discuss general properties of magnets.24b 173. interpret the strength of a magnetic field at different points

near a magnet from the pattern formed by iron filings.

24c 174. use the left-hand rule to determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-bearing wire.

24d 175. explain the construction of a solenoid.24e 176. explain the differences between paramagnetic, diamagnetic,

and ferromagnetic materials and give examples of each.24fg 177. explain and calculate the magnetic field produced by the

current in a straight wire and a solenoid.24h 178. explain the function and construction of a galvanometer.24i 179. compare and contrast motor effect and generator effect.24j 180. calculate the force on a single charged particle in a magnetic

field.25a 181. discuss Faraday's laws.25b 182. describe the factors that affect an induced emf.25c 183. describe the generator principle.25d 184. explain the distinction between ac and dc power.25e 185. predict and explain the interaction of magnetic fields as

applied to electromagnets, generators and motors.25f. 186. use Lenz's law in explaining conservation of energy in a

generator.25g 187. differentiate between mutual inductance and self-inductance.25h 188. describe a transformer and how it works.26a 189. explain the experiments performed by J.J. Thompson which

led to the determination of the mass to charge ratio of the electron.26b 190. explain the function and construction of a mass spectrograph.26c 191. describe Maxwell's contributions to the discovery of the

electromagnetic wave.26d 192. explain the production of electromagnetic waves by the

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acceleration of electrons in a wire.26e 193. explain transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves

such as radio waves.26f 194. describe the discovery of X-Rays by Roentgen.27a 195. describe the theory of blackbody radiation.27b 196. explain why the photoelectric effect is evidence for the

particle nature of light.27c 197. explain the experiment performed by Arthur Compton which

verified Einstein's photoelectric theory.27d 198. describe deBroglie's model of matter waves in the atom,28c and use it to explain the lines seen in atomic spectra.27e 199. describe the theory of wave-particle duality.28ab 200. explain the subatomic particles in the atom.28df 201. describe the Bohr theory of the atom and the downfalls of

this theory.28e 202. describe fluorescence and phosphorescence.28g 203. describe the present theory of the atom.28h 204. distinguish between light from a laser and light from a lamp.29a 205. describe the nucleus of an atom.29b 206. explain isotopes in terms of the number of neutrons in the

nucleus of the atom.29c 207. distinguish among the three types of rays given off by

radioactive nuclei, and compare their penetrating power.29d 208. predict, given the symbol for a radioactive isotope and the

particle it gives off, the product of the decay.29e 209. predict, given the half-life of a radioactive isotope and the

original amount of the isotope, how much will remain at the end of some multiple of that half-life.29f 210. distinguish between nuclear fusion and nuclear fission.29f 211. describe Rutherford's experiment.29g 212. describe the construction and purpose of a linear accelerator.29h 213. relate the linear accelerator to the synchrotron.29i 214. explain how photographic plates are used to detect particles

in radioactive decay.29j 215. explain the fundamental particles - the quarks and the

leptons.29k 216. compare and contrast particles and antiparticles.

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29l 217. describe the quark model of the nucleons.30ab 218. discuss the relationship between nuclear binding force and

nuclear mass defect.30c 219. describe how radioactive isotopes can be formed from stable

isotopes by nuclear bombardment.30de 220. describe the advantages of fusion over fission as a source of

power.30fg 221. explain the role of nuclear reactors and the uses of

radioisotopes.

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V. COURSE OUTLINE1. Physics: A Mathematical Science

a. Definition of Physics b. Measurement and the scientific method c. Metric System d. Prefixes used with SI units e. Fundamental and derived units f. scientific notation g. uncertainties in measurements h. accuracy and precision i. significant digits j. operations using significant digits 2. Mathematical Relationships a. solving equations using algebra b. units and equations c. graphs d. linear relationships e. parabolic relationships f. inverse variation g. trigonometry of right angles 3. Motion in a Straight Line a. motion b. scalar and vector quantities c. vector addition - graphical method d. distance and displacement e. instantaneous speed and velocity f. average speed and velocity g. acceleration h. final velocity after uniform acceleration i. displacement during uniform acceleration j. acceleration due to gravity

4. Graphical Analysis of Motion a. position-time graph for constant velocity b. velocity from a position-time graph c. position-time graph for a complete trip d. velocity-time graph for constant velocity e. velocity-time graph for uniform acceleration f. position-time graph for uniform acceleration g. acceleration-time graph for uniform acceleration

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5. Forces a. What is force? b. Newton's first law of motion c. Newton's second law of motion d. units of force e. mass and weight f. two ways to measure mass g. friction h. net force and acceleration i. free fall j. Newton's third law of motion 6. Vectors a. vector addition in two dimensions b. independence of vector quantities c. vector addition on forces d. vector addition - mathematical model e. addition of several vectors f. equilibrium g. the equilibrant h. perpendicular components of vectors i. gravitational force and inclined planes j. nonperpendicular components of vectors

7. Motion in Two Dimensions a. projectiles b. projectile motion c. uniform circular motion d. placing a satellite in orbit e. simple harmonic motion

8. Universal Gravitation a. Kepler's laws of planetary motion b. universal gravitation c. Newton's test of the inverse square law d. Cavendish experiment e. Law of universal gravitation and weight f. gravitational fields g. Einstein's concept of gravity

9. Momentum and Its Conservation a. impulse and change in momentum b. Newton's third law and momentum

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c. law of conservation of momentum d. internal - external forces e. conservation of momentum in general

10. Work, Power and Simple Machines a. work b. work and the direction of force c. power d. simple machines e. mechanical advantage

11. Energy a. a more meaningful view of work b. potential energy and base levels c. work and change in potential energy d. kinetic energy e. conservation of energy f. elastic and inelastic collisions

12. Thermal Energy a. kinetic theory b. thermal energy and temperature c. equilibrium and thermometry d. temperature scales e. the Kelvin or absolute scale f. first law of thermodynamics g. the second law of thermodynamics h. specific heat i. conservation in energy transfer j. change of state

13. States of Matter a. fluids at rest - hydrostatics b. fluids in motion - hydrodynamics c. liquids d. surface tension e. evaporation and condensation f. solid state g. elasticity h. thermal expansion of matter i. plasma

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14. Waves and Energy Transfer a. types of waves b. wave characteristics c. amplitude of a wave d. wave speed in a medium e. behavior of waves at boundaries f. transmitted waves g. interference h. nodes, antinodes, and standing waves i. the law of reflection j. the refraction of waves k. diffraction and interference of waves

15. Sound a. sound waves b. pitch and loudness c. sources of sound d. resonance e. detection of sound f. the quality of sound

16. Nature of Light a. light travels in a straight line b. the speed of light c. transmission and absorption of light d. illumination by a point source e. light - an electromagnetic wave f. light and color vision g. polarization of light h. interference in thin films

17. Reflection and Refraction a. the law of reflection b. diffuse and regular reflection c. refraction of light d. Snell's Law e. index of refraction and the speed of light f. total internal refraction h. dispersion

18. Mirrors and Lenses a. plane mirrors b. concave mirrors

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c. spherical mirrors and aberration d. real and virtual images e. real images formed by concave mirrors f. virtual images formed by concave mirrors g. virtual images formed by convex mirrors h. lenses i. real images formed by convex lenses j. virtual images formed by convex lenses k. virtual images formed by concave lenses l. derivation of the lens equation m. chromic aberration n. optical devices - glasses, telescopes, microscopes

19. Diffraction and Interference of Light a. diffraction and interference patterns b. measuring the wavelength of a light wave c. single-slit diffraction d. diffraction gratings e. resolving power of lenses

20. Static Electricity a. the electrical atom b. transferring electrons c. conductors, insulators, and semiconductors d. forces on charged bodies e. charging by induction f. Coulomb's Law g. the unit of charge: the Coulomb h. forces on neutral bodies

21. The Electrical Field a. electric fields b. electric field intensity c. work and the electric potential d. the electric field between two parallel plates e. Millikan's oil drop experiment f. sharing of charge g. electric fields near conductors h. storing charges: the capacitor

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22. Electric Currents a. producing electric current b. current in electric circuits c. the ampere and electric power d. Ohm's Law e. diagraming electric circuits f. controlling current in a circuit g. heating effect of electric currents h. transmission of electric charge i. the kilowatt-hour

23. Series and Parallel Circuits a. series circuits b. voltage drop in a series circuit c. parallel circuits d. applications of parallel circuits e. series-parallel circuits f. ammeters and voltmeters

24. Magnetic Fields a. general properties of magnets b. magnetic fields around permanent magnets c. electromagnetism d. magnetic field around a coil e. magnetic materials f. forces on currents in magnetic fields g. measuring the force on a wire h. galvanometers i. electric motors j. the force on a single charged particle

25. Electromagnetic Induction a. Faraday's discovery b. induced EMF c. electric generators d. alternating current generators e. generators and motors f. Lenz's law g. self-inductance h. transformers

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26. Electric and Magnetic Fields a. mass of the electron b. mass spectrograph c. electric and magnetic fields in space d. production of electromagnetic waves e. reception of electromagnetic waves f. X-rays

27. Quantum Theory a. radiation from incandescent bodies b. photoelectric effect c. Compton effect d. matter waves e. particles and waves

28. The Atom a. the nuclear model b. the proton and the neutron c. atomic spectra d. the Bohr model of the atom e. fluorescence and phosphorescence f. predictions of the Bohr model g. present theory of the atom h. lasers

29. The Nucleus a. description of the nucleus b. isotopes c. radioactive decay d. nuclear equations e. half-life f. nuclear bombardment g. linear accelerators h. the synchrotron i. particle detectors j. the fundamental particles k. particles and anti-particles l. the quark model of nucleons

30. Nuclear Applications a. forces within the nucleus b. binding energy of the nucleus c. artificial radioactivity

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d. nuclear fission e. nuclear fusion f. nuclear reactors g. controlled fusion

VI. SUGGESTED LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS A. Laboratory Manual For Physics: Principles and Problems

1. Measurement of Length2. Measurement of Mass and Density3. Graphing Experimental Data4. Measurement of Time5. Graphical Analysis of Motion6. Graphical Analysis of Motion: Uniform Acceleration7. Force and Acceleration8. Mass and Acceleration9. Friction

10. Addition of Force Vectors11. Analysis of the Path of a Projectile12. Centripetal Force13. The Pendulum14. Kepler's Law of Equal Areas15. Conservation of Momentum: Internal Force16. Conservation of Momentum: A Collision in Two Dimensions17. Pulleys18. Conservation of Energy: The Inclined Plane19. The Conservation of Thermal Energy20. The Specific Heat of a Metal21. Heat of Fusion of Ice22. The Diameter of a Molecule23. Boyle's Law24. Archimedes' Principle25. Wave Properties26. Pulses in a Ripple Tank27. Wavelength, Frequency, and Speed28. Refraction of Waves29. Diffraction and Interference of Waves30. Speed of Sound in Air31. Luminous Intensity and Efficiency of Light Bulbs

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32. Snell's Law33. Images Produced by Curved Mirrors34. Law of Refraction of Light35. Convex Lenses36. Measuring the Wavelength of Light Waves37. Static Electricity38. Coulomb's Law39. Charging and Discharging a Capacitor40. Ohm's Law41. Electrical Equivalent of Heat42. Series Circuits43. Parallel Circuits44. Series-Parallel Circuits45. Magnetic Fields Around Magnets46. Magnetic Fields Around a Current-Bearing Wire47. Current and Field Strength48. Induced Current and Lenz' s Law49. The DC Generator, the DC Motor50. Energy Transfer by an Electric Motor51. Magnetic Field Strength (Magnetic Induction)52. Ratio of q/m for the Electron53. A Model For the Quantum Concept54. The Spectra of Elements55. Half-Life Simulation

B. PRISMS - Physics Resources and Strategies For Motivating Students

Iowa Physics Task ForcePub. Physics Dept., University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, Iowa

Kinematics and VectorsI-1. Name That Motion (Video - Collage of Motion)I-2. The Physics 500I-3. In Time You Will See The Moving Plot - Part II-4. In Time You Will See The Moving Plot - Part III-5. Keep Your Eye on The BallI-7. How Fast Do You Fall?

I-10. Crepe Paper RelayI-13. Rafter Physics

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I-14. Toothpick BridgesI-15. Collapsing BridgesI-17. A Lab With a TwistI-18. Mass WatchersI-19. Where Is Your Center of Gravity?

DynamicsII-1. Look Out! No Brakes!II-2. Pool Ball - Silver Dollar TrickII-3. Barbie, Ken, and Sir IsaacII-4. Carts With Spring BalanceII-5. Can You Change Your Motion?II-6. Who Has the Pull Around Here?II-8. Why Do You Slip on a Water Slide?II-9. Slippery As An Eel

II-10. Chair Friction Lab II-11. Balloon RocketsII-12. The All-American Egg DropII-13. Blow-OutII-14. "Pop Goes The Weasel" DemonstrationII-15. Three-Stage Human Rocket

II-16. Shot From BehindII-18. Spin Offs II-19. Around And AroundII-21. Motion of a Projectile

Work and EnergyIII-1. It's All UphillIII-2. All Work and No PlayIII-3. Giant SlideIII-4. Kinetic Energy on a Hot Wheels TrackIII-9. How Fast Is Your Fast Ball?

III-11. How Fast Can You Work? III-12. Human Body Power LabIII-13. Coasting Is Easy

Internal Energy and HeatIV-1. Gulf Stream In a FlaskIV-2. Are You A Warm Body?IV-3. Go With The Flow: Thermometers and HeatIV-4. Absolute Zero: The Uncommon ColdIV-5. Give And Take

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IV-6. Antifreeze in the Summer?IV-7. The Big Bang!IV-8. Hot StuffIV-9. Cool and Wet

IV-10. You Make Me BoilIV-11. Hot Shot

Wave PhenomenaV-1. Chalk Talk *#!!+?V-2. Mechanical SnakeV-3. Ripple While You WorkV-4. "Fore!" Golf and the Speed of SoundV-6. Images, Images, ImagesV-7. Don't Shatter My ImageV-8. Mirror, Mirror on the WallV-9. The Kaleidoscope

V-10. The Right Stuff From Right-Angle MirrorsV-11. Focal Point: Where The Sons Raise MeetV-13. Do You Have a Twin?V-14. Out of Sight CoinsV-15. Bending Light, Lenses, and Focal LengthV-16. Air LensesV-17. Rainbows Without RainV-18. Photons on the EdgeV-19. Measuring The MicroscopicV-23. To Be or Not To Be Polarized

Electricity and MagnetismVI-1. Will That Be Cash or "Charge?"VI-2. How Do You Get So Charged?VI-5. Charges on a HillVI-6. Lightning RodsVI-7. Charge a PeanutVI-8. Sparky The Electrician

VI-10. Ohm, Ohm, on the Range - Parts I, II, and IIIVI-11. 3-D Magnetic FieldVI-12. Mystery BoxesVI-13. Which Way Is North?VI-14. You're RepulsiveVI-16. Bicycle Generator

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Atomic and NuclearVII-1. Making InferencesVII-2. How Big Is That Nucleus, I Mean Marble?VII-3. The "M and M" Half-Life AnalogVII-4. Chain Reaction SimulationVII-5. Nuclear Issues

VII. SUGGESTED DEMONSTRATIONS1. Newton's First Law2. Inertia and Newton's First Law3. Acceleration of Freely Falling Objects4. Frictional Effects of Air5. Independence of Horizontal and Vertical Motion6. A Projectile Path Demonstrator7. Centripetal Force8. Newton's Third Law9. Conservation of Momentum I

10. Conservation of Momentum II11. Galilean Thermometers12. Specific Heat of a Metal and Water13. Gravitational Energy to Thermal Energy14. Heating and Cooling a Gas15. Compressibility of Air-A Cartesian Diver16. Atmospheric Pressure17. Bernoulli's Principle18. Atomizers19. Surface Tension20. Thermal Expansion of a Solid21. Slinky Wave Demonstrator22. Sound Waves Require a Medium23. The Doppler Effect24. Resonance25. Beats26. Light Travels in a Straight Line27. Inverse Square Law28. The Red Sunset - Light Scattering29. Refraction - The Disappearing Act30. Total Internal Reflection31. Cool Light

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32. Burning the Candle at Both Ends33. Lens Combinations34. Interference of paper Waves35. Diffraction Patterns With a Laser36. Patterns on the Overhead Projector37. Using a Vande Graaff Generator38. Bending Water39. Shielding the Electroscope40. Properties of Capacitors41. Extent of an Electric Field42. The Electric Pinwheel43. Ohm's Law44. Heating Effect of Electricity45. Short Circuits46. Parallel and Series Circuits

` 47. Magnetic Fields Around Current-Bearing Wires48. Current-Carrying Wires In a Magnetic Field49. Forces Between Parallel Current-Carrying Wires50. The Generator-Motor Effect51. Photoelectric Cells52. Models of the Atom - Rutherford's Effect53. A Statistical Probability Demonstrator

VIII. SUGGESTED VIDEOS, FILMSTRIPS, AND COMPUTER SOFTWARE Videos:

1. Conceptual Physics

Software:1. Interactive Physics2. Fun Physics3. Delta Graph Pro

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Filmstrips:- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Filmstrip Number Cassette Number-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

1. Madame Curie: Radium 212. Laws of Motion 453. Scientific Revolution I 92 12184. Scientific revolution II 93 12195. Scientific Revolution III 94 12206. Dynamics: Bodies in Motion 1627. Heat and Work Engines 1678. Radioactivity 1799. Moments of Force and Torque 182

10. Electrical Units (Definitions) 193 124011. Measure of Resistance 239 12. Photoelectric Effects 24513. Voltaic Cells 39514. Energy and Man: Heat Energy I 56515. Energy and Man: Heat Energy II 56616. Temperature 108017. Science Adventures:

Magnetism and Electricity Magnetism 1512

Nature of Electricity 1513Chemical Energy and Electricity 1515

18. Introduction to Energy 1547 Side 1 68119. Radiant Energy 1548 Side 2 68120. Mechanical Energy 1552 Side 2 68321. Light: Part I - What is Light? 1555 68522. Light: Part II - How Light Travels 1556 68623. Sound: Part I - What is Sound? 1557 68724. Sound: Part II - How Sound Travels 1558 68825. Static Electricity and Base Currents 1579 69926. Series Circuits 1580 70027. Parallel Circuits 1581 70128. AC and DC Circuits 1582 70229. Cells and Batteries 1583 70330. Problems on Simple Electric Circuits 1584 70431. Light and Color 1585 70532. Color Combinations 1586 70633. Reflection 1587 70734. Refraction 1588 70835. Galileo: Challenge of Reason-Part I 1590 71636. Galileo: Challenge of Reason-Part II 1591 71737. Quantum Theory - Part I 1993 99438. Quantum Theory - Part II 1994 99539. Particles and Waves - Part I 1995 99640. Particles and Waves - Part II 1996 99741. Particles and Waves - Part III 1997 99842. Particles and Waves - Part IV 1998 99943. Light - Part I 2002 100344. Light - Part II 2003 1004

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45. Light - Part III 2004 100546. Light - Part IV 2005 100647. Newton - Part I 2024 102548. Newton - Part II 2025 102649. General Relativity - Part I 2300 136650. General Relativity - Part II 2301 136751. General Relativity - Part III 2302 136852. General Relativity - Part IV 2303 136953. General Relativity - Part V 2304 137054. Collecting and Plotting Linear Data 2336 1406 s55. Gravity - Part I: Planetary Motion 2366 145756. Gravity - Part II: Universe Gravitation2367 145859. Optics - Reflection: Curved Mirrors 2368 146060. Optics - Refraction: Curved Lenses 2369 146161. Optics - Diffraction & Interference 2370 146262. What is Science? What is Physics? 2517 166263. World of Sound Energy - Part I 2815 202664. World of Sound Energy - Part II 2816 202765. World of Sound Energy - Part III 2817 202866. World of Sound Energy - Part IV 2818 202967. World of Sound Energy - Part V 2819 203068. World of Light Energy - Part I 2822 203369. World of Light Energy - Part II 2823 203470. World of Light Energy - Part III 2824 203571. World of Light Energy - Part IV 2825 203672. World of Light Energy - Part V 2826 2037

IX. EVALUATION Student evaluation for this course is in accordance with the Board-approved policy on grading, including the mandatory Homework requirement and Final Exams.

Grades are also assigned based upon:

1. tests (teacher-made and/or standardized) 2. quizzes 3. class participation

The following evaluation criteria may also be used:

1. notebooks 2. lab books 3. research reports (oral/written) 4. projects 5. labs

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X. CORRELATION WITH STATE CORE COURSE PROFICIENCIES

PROFICIENCIES

A Definition of Physics:

Energy and matter are the only observable things in the universe and are really the same thing. Matter is an extremely compact form of energy. The universe is a space-time continuum that is defined by matter-energy. In the belief that nature is governed by a few basic laws, the science of physics is founded upon discovering the interactive relationships of matter and energy.

A. Proficiencies that emphasize the process of physics: Upon completion of a high school physics course the student will be able to:

1. Use a geometric, algebraic, or physical model to explain or predict outcomes for systems considered in the content proficiencies and recognize that they are dynamic in nature.

2. Recognize and quantitatively apply the conservation principles of momentum and mechanical energy to explain and predict outcomes of one-dimensional, two-body interactions.

3. Recognize and qualitatively use the conservation of energy (mechanical, heat, electrical) and the concept of entropy to demonstrate the transformation from one form of energy to another.

4. Recognize the interrelationships, synthesis, and historical context of major breakthroughs in physics, such as the work of Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, and Einstein.

5. Recognize the error in measurement in light of their knowledge of the limits of precision in a given instrument

and identify reasonable outcomes and predictions based on measurements with the instrument.

6. Identify the frame of reference when observing physical phenomena.

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7. Realize the universality of physical laws by recognizing laws as they operate in different circumstances and/or

environments (e.g. universal gravitation).8. Realize the universality of physical laws by recognizing

the basic assumptions associated with the application of laws (ideal vs. real, e.g. no friction).

9. Apply a problem-solving technique while conducting inquiries by:

a. formulating a problem or question that can be analyzed, b. setting up proper experimental conditions for solving the problem, c. following proper and safe experimental procedure, d. analyzing observations, d. interpreting and describing this analysis, and e. evaluating the results against the original question.

10. Apply the tools of physics in conducting inquiries such as: a. Using the instruments normally found in a high school laboratory, including analog meters, to collect and organize measurements of physical variables. b. Describing gravitational, electrical, and magnetic effects in terms of fields. c. Using the International System of Units (metric system)

in measurement and problem analysis. d. Using mathematical, simple statistical, and graphical models identify patterns and relationships

that can be found directly from a given set of measurements. e. Adding and subtracting displacement, velocity, and force vectors by graphical methods.

11. Use core course concepts to make informed decisions regarding technological applications, career goals and

opportunities, and safety and well-being.

B. Proficiencies that emphasize the content of physics: Upon completion of a high school physics course the student will be able to:

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1. Apply Galileo's analysis to describe Newton's Laws to explain the motion of single objects (including the special cases of: linear motion, projectile motion, uniform circular motion, and universal gravitation).

2. Qualitatively identify or predict the transport of energy and the reflection, refraction, diffraction, or interference of

both transverse and longitudinal waves.

3. Describe the reflection and qualitatively represent the refraction of light at an interface in terms of the principles of reflection and refraction.

4. Apply knowledge of reflection and refraction of light to relate the path of light to the geometry of plane and spherical surfaces and to find the path of light through a converging lens with a given foci.

5. Qualitatively apply an appropriate model (e.g. particle, wave, or photon) of electromagnetic radiation to account for

reflection, refraction, interference, diffraction, photoelectric effect, line spectra.

6. Describe static and current electricity as it occurs in experimental and day-to-day settings.

7. Apply the mathematical expressions of Ohm's Law and electric power

to account for experimental observations of single resistors.8. For the simplest case in electromagnetism, qualitatively

describe: (a) the effect on a charged particle moving through a magnetic field, and (b) the magnetic interaction of two current-carrying wires.

9. Recognize the fact that electromagnetic waves are generated by accelerated charge.

10. Describe the equivalence of mass and energy implicit in the relationship E = mc2.

11. Describe the sources and effects of ultra-violet, gamma, alpha,

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beta, infrared, and cosmic radiation.

Minimum Proficiencies - Physics

The course proficiencies listed below represent the minimumrequirements in order to receive a passing grade for this coursein order of importance.

1. Students must meet the requirements for school attendance as outlined in the Board of Education policy on attendance.

2. Students must meet the standards for a passing grade as outlined in the policy on grading in the student/parent handbook.

3. Students should have an understanding of the following material:

Motion in a straight line Graphical analysis of motion Vectors Dynamics Momentum and its conservation Motion in two dimensions Universal gravitation Work and Power Energy and its conservation Measurement of heat Heat as energy Kinetic theory Waves and energy transfer The nature of light Reflection, refraction, diffraction, and origin of light Mirrors and lenses Static electricity Electric currentsSeries and parallel circuitsMagnetic fieldsElectromagnetic field applicationsQuantum theoryAtomic and nuclear physics

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4. Students should maintain an organized notebook throughout the entire year.

5. Students should hand in homework assignments consistently on time.

6. Students should have a basic vocabulary of terms in the physics area.

7. Students should be able to transpose a word problem into an algebraic or trigonometric equation and come to a correct numerical conclusion.

8. Students should participate in discussions following classwork, movies, or demonstrations with a basic knowledge of subjects.

9. Students should be able to use and understand the metric system of measurement.

10. Students should be able to complete graphing problems.

11. Students should be able to follow instructions to complete a lab task set before them.

12. Students should be able to write a complete lab report using guidelines set by the instructor.

13. Students should be able to read charts and graphs for information they contain.

14. Students should be able to choose equipment required for lab work and demonstrate the operation of the equipment for accurate results.

15. Students should be able to function as a lab team to successfully arrive at a solution to a lab problem.

16. Students should demonstrate good safety practices in the laboratory.

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17. Students should demonstrate the basic understanding of the operation of a simple scientific calculator.

18. Students should have a basic vocabulary of terms in the physics area.

19. Students should maintain an organized notebook for both lecture and lab throughout the entire year.

20. Students should hand in homework assignments consistantly on time. (including lab assignments)

21. Students must meet the standards for a passing grade as outlined in the policy on grading in the student/parent handbook.

22. Students must meet the requirements for school attendance as outlined in the Board of Education policy on attendance.

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